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RESUMO Este estudo teve como objetivo caracterizar genótipos de M. synoviae circulantes em poedeiras comerciais, na Região Sudeste do Brasil. Para estabelecer a relação evolutiva entre as cepas de MS, foi analisada a sequência genética do gene vlhA de 11 cepas de MS identificadas no Rio de Janeiro e em São Paulo, de 10 outras cepas de MS identificadas no Brasil e cujas sequências foram depositadas no banco de dados GenBank, e da cepa vacinal MSH. O método da máxima verossimilhança e o modelo de Kimura com dois parâmetros foram utilizados para comparar as cepas. As sequências obtidas foram depositadas no Genbank, sob os números de acesso OP279775 a OP279785. Foi possível verificar a presença de diferentes cepas circulantes no Brasil, com alta similaridade entre as cepas do Rio de Janeiro pela análise do gene vlhA. As duas cepas paulistas detectadas no presente estudo possuem o baixo percentual (68%) de similaridade, demonstrando a variabilidade das cepas dessa localidade.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345221141043 for HBP/O-GlcNAcylation Metabolic Axis Regulates Bone Resorption Outcome by T.M. Taira, E.S. Ramos-Junior, P.H. Melo, C.C. Costa-Silva, M.G. Alteen, D.J. Vocadlo, W.B. Dias, F.Q. Cunha, J.C. Alves-Filho, K. Søe and S.Y. Fukada in Journal of Dental Research

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jdr-10.1177_00220345221141043 for HBP/O-GlcNAcylation Metabolic Axis Regulates Bone Resorption Outcome by T.M. Taira, E.S. Ramos-Junior, P.H. Melo, C.C. Costa-Silva, M.G. Alteen, D.J. Vocadlo, W.B. Dias, F.Q. Cunha, J.C. Alves-Filho, K. Søe and S.Y. Fukada in Journal of Dental Research

Discutir a temática do meio ambiente na escola é de grande importância, pois a escola é uma instituição no qual o aluno precisa conhecer as necessidades de socializar, apresentando comportamento ético com a sociedade e a natureza. O presente trabalho tem como objetivo apresentar a importância da interdisciplinaridade ao ensino da Educação Ambiental aplicada na escola, buscando suscitar algumas práticas que podem ser aplicadas durante as aulas. O estudo é de caráter qualitativo, do tipo levantamento bibliográfico, no qual é apresentado um esboço com base em alguns trabalhos relacionados à interdisciplinaridade da Educação Ambiental na escola. Percebeu-se que a interdisciplinaridade ao Ensino da Educação Ambiental traz consigo uma grande oportunidade de desenvolvimento de práticas e metodologias dinamizadas, no qual sendo aplicadas nas disciplinas favorece um ensino adequado em favor do meio ambiente. É importante ressaltar que a partir do estudo realizado, foi compreendida a importância da aplicação da Educação Ambiental, tanto para o professor, quanto para o aluno, manifestando formas de como executar essa Educação.

In this work, the effect of heat input and aging treatment on the microstructural characteristics and mechanical properties of similar AISI 317L austenitic stainless steel weldments used in the petroleum industry was investigated. The filler metal used was the AWS ER317L electrode at two different heat input levels (4 and 8 kJ/cm) in order to verify the influence of this parameter on the precipitation of deleterious phases. The specimens were aged at 700 °C for 50 and 100 h. Quantification and microchemical mapping of precipitated phases after welding and aging thermal treatment (ATT) were performed. Vickers hardness and tensile tests were used to evaluate the mechanical properties. It was observed that aging promoted a refinement of the base metal region, and all delta ferrite was transformed into sigma phase. The delta ferrite present in the fusion zone was completely transformed into sigma and chi phases. In the aged specimens for 100 h a lower occurrence of the secondary austenite phase (γ2) was identified, which indicates that with the increase of ATT time the dissolution of γ2 occurred in the already precipitated sigma phase. All welding conditions showed an increase in tensile strength, yield limit and hardness with the ATT.

The Friction Stir Welding process parameters were varied to provide a combination of an acceptable surface finish, absence of cracks, and full tool penetration. Two levels of rotation speed and axial forces from 10 to 30 kN were applied, whilst keeping the welding speed constant at 1 mm/s. One of the defects analyzed was the production of flashes. This can occur due to an increase in axial force and because of the instability in its applications, which implies directly on the formation of volumetric defects along the stir zone. FSW joints without root flaws can be achieved through a correct balance between the axial force and rotation speed, which also allows a greater immersion of the tool probe in the joint. Both rotation speeds using an axial force of around 20 kN proved to be good welding parameters for the FSW process. The welding of the AISI 410S steel (under these conditions) resulted in joints without internal defects and with a good surface finish.

Biomedical cobalt-chromium-molybdenum (Co-Cr-Mo) alloys have been used in the cast or wrought form as prosthetic implant materials for more than five decades. Recently, additive manufacturing techniques are employed to produce parts directly from metal precursor powder with a composition suitable for biomedical applications. In the work present, we examine both mechanical behaviour and γ→ε phase transformation in the heat treated Co-Cr-Mo alloy fabricated via additive anufacturing route. Results suggest, that selection of appropriate heat treatment and control of martensitic transformation can significantly influence mechanical properties. The studied Co-Cr-Mo alloy can be considered as a potential material for biomedical applications.

Este trabalho teve como objetivo realizar levantamento das plantas medicinais utilizadas pela comunidade de São José de Espinharas, a fim de registrar e preservar o conhecimento popular. A metodologia usada foi de entrevistas semi-estruturadas, com observações participantes, coleta e identificação do material botânico e preparação de exsicatas, resultando em lista de 82 espécies de 38 famílias diferentes. São fornecidas as informações nomenclatura popular e botânica, uso terapêutico, parte utilizada, forma de uso, modo de preparo e doenças tratadas. As raízes (30%) foram ás partes mais utilizadas e a forma de preparo foi lambedor (32%). O conhecimento sobre os usos e modos de preparo provém em geral, dos familiares (85%). Com esses resultados, verifica-se a interação da população local com a flora e utilização relacionada a aspectos sociais, econômicos, culturais e às mudanças ambientais. The aim of this study was to perform a survey of medicinal plants used by the community of São José de Espinharas, Paraíba State, Brazil, in order to record and preserve the folk knowledge. The adopted methodology was based on semi-structured interviews, with participating observations, botanical material collection and identification, and voucher preparation, resulting in a list of 82 species of 38 different families. The following information was provided: folk and botanical nomenclature, therapeutic application, used plant part, forms of use, method of preparation and treated diseases. Roots (30%) constituted the part most frequently used and syrup (32%) was the predominant method of preparation. The knowledge of uses and methods of preparation are generally handed down in the family (85%). Based on those results, there is an interaction of the local population with the flora and its use is related to social, economical and cultural aspects and environmental changes.

Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (G-MDSCs) promote tumor growth and immunosuppression in multiple myeloma (MM). However, their phenotype is not well established for accurate monitoring or clinical translation. We aimed to provide the phenotypic profile of G-MDSCs based on their prognostic significance in MM, immunosuppressive potential, and molecular program. The preestablished phenotype of G-MDSCs was evaluated in bone marrow samples from controls and MM patients using multidimensional flow cytometry; surprisingly, we found that CD11b+CD14−CD15+CD33+HLADR− cells overlapped with common eosinophils and neutrophils, which were not expanded in MM patients. Therefore, we relied on automated clustering to unbiasedly identify all granulocytic subsets in the tumor microenvironment: basophils, eosinophils, and immature, intermediate, and mature neutrophils. In a series of 267 newly diagnosed MM patients (GEM2012MENOS65 trial), only the frequency of mature neutrophils at diagnosis was significantly associated with patient outcome, and a high mature neutrophil/T-cell ratio resulted in inferior progression-free survival (P < .001). Upon fluorescence-activated cell sorting of each neutrophil subset, T-cell proliferation decreased in the presence of mature neutrophils (0.5-fold; P = .016), and the cytotoxic potential of T cells engaged by a BCMA×CD3-bispecific antibody increased notably with the depletion of mature neutrophils (fourfold; P = .0007). Most interestingly, RNA sequencing of the 3 subsets revealed that G-MDSC–related genes were specifically upregulated in mature neutrophils from MM patients vs controls because of differential chromatin accessibility. Taken together, our results establish a correlation between the clinical significance, immunosuppressive potential, and transcriptional network of well-defined neutrophil subsets, providing for the first time a set of optimal markers (CD11b/CD13/CD16) for accurate monitoring of G-MDSCs in MM.