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Sarcocephalus latifolius and Cnestis ferruginea are shrubs with heights of 5 to 8 m and 3 to 3.6 m, respectively, and are known to be powerful aphrodisiacs. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of aqueous extracts of their leaves on the body weight and relative weight of some androgen- dependent sex organs of male rats. For this purpose, the rats were subjected to an 8-day treatment. These extracts had no significant effect on either the body weight or the relative weight of the androgen-dependent secondary sex organs of the rats compared to the control over the 8-day treatment period. The leaves of Sarcocephalus latifolius and Cnestis ferruginea did not have any detectable androgenic properties during this period.

Cassia sieberiana is a tree of 8 to 10 meters in height, used to treat various diseases including malaria, dysmenorrhea and many others. Our objective is the scientific valorisation of Cassia sieberiana, a plant used in therapy in the Ivory Coast, through the evaluation of the estrogenic activity of the root bark of Cassia sieberiana. To do this, the phytochemical study was carried out in order to determine the main chemical constituents with therapeutic potential, then the acute toxicity by gavage was carried out and finally the estrogenic activity was verified. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, catechic tannins, saponosides and alkaloids. As for the toxicity study, it allowed us to determine a per os LD50 > 5000 mg/kg PC. The aqueous extract of the root bark of Cassia sieberiana has an estrogenic activity.

Background: Sarcocephalus latifolius, a plant of the Rubiaceae family, is found exclusively in tropical Africa, more particularly in sub-Saharan West Africa, stretching from Senegal to Zaire, but is also found as far east as Sudan (Sudan-Guinean zone). The leaves of this plant are used in traditional African medicine to treat numerous pathologies such as infertility. Aims/Objective: The present study aims to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of Sarcocephalus latifolius leaves on sexual parameters in male rats. Methods: The sexual parameters (latency of the mating position, latency of intromission, latency of ejaculation and mean copulation interval) were assessed by the classical method by administering distilled water, sildenafil citrate (reference molecule) called Viagra at the dose of 5 mg/kg of body weight and the aqueous extract of Sarcocephalus latifolius leaves at the dose of 1000 mg/kg of body weight per day for eight days to three batches of male rats respectively. These parameters were determined over a period of thirty minutes. Results: The results obtained show that the aqueous extract of Sarcocephalus latifolius leaves at a dose of 1000 mg/kg of body weight significantly (P < .001) decreases the latency time of mating position and the latency time of intromission, whereas this extract significantly (P < .001) increases the latency time of ejaculation and the average copulation interval. Conclusion: Aqueous extract of Sarcocephalus latifolius leaves has aphrodisiac properties which are due to sterols, flavonoids and saponosides.

Cnestis ferruginea, a plant of the connaraceace family, is well known to the West African population, including that of Côte d'Ivoire, through its common use in traditional medicine. The leaves of Cnestis ferruginea are used in traditional African medicine to treat numerous pathologies, including infertility. The present study aims to evaluate the effects of the aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea leaves on sexual parameters in male rats. The sexual parameters (latency of mating, latency of intromission, latency of ejaculation and mean copulation interval) were assessed by the classical method by administering distilled water, sildenafil citrate (reference molecule) called Viagra at the dose of 5 mg/kg and the aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea leaves at the dose of 100 mg/kg per day for eight days to three batches of male rats respectively. These parameters were determined over a period of thirty minutes. The results obtained show that the aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea leaves at a dose of 100 mg/kg of body weight significantly (p < 0.001) decreases the latency time of mating and the latency time of intromission, whereas this extract significantly (p < 0.001) increases the latency time of ejaculation and the average copulation interval. These results suggest that the aqueous extract of Cnestis ferruginea leaves has aphrodisiac potentialities which are due to the presence of sterols, flavonoids and saponosides in this extract.

In order to contribute to the valorization of plants used in African traditional medicine for the improvement of the health of the populations, we undertook this study to evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness of an aqueous extract of leaves of Pseudarthria hookeri (Fabaceae), a plant reputed to be anti-anemic. Qualitative phytochemical tests performed with the aqueous extract of Pseudarthria hookeri (Fabaceae) leaves revealed the presence of sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, catechic tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, quinones and saponosides. The acute toxicity study of the aqueous extract of Pseudarthria hookeri leaves in female mice gave an estimate, according to the OECD-423 guidelines, of the 50% lethal dose (LD50). The results show that the administration of aqueous extract of Pseudarthria hookeri leaves at a dose of 2000 mg/kg bw and then at a dose of 5000 mg/kg bw did not induce any mortality in these animals during 14 days of observation; this allows us to conclude that aqueous extract of Pseudarthria hookeri leaves is not toxic by the oral route. Anemia was induced by administration of phenylhydrazine hydrochloride (4 mg/kg bw) for 6 days. Oral administration of aqueous extract of Pseudarthria hookeri leaves at doses of 50, 200, 1000 and 2000 mg/kg bw and the reference treatment (Ranferia hookeri) for 6 days did not induce anaemia. and the reference treatment (Ranferon®) resulted in normalization of red blood cell count, haemoglobin concentration, haematocrit, mean corpuscular haemoglobin volume (MCV), mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration (MCHC) and Mean corpuscular haemoglobin level (MCHL) in anaemic rats compared to the white control rats. In conclusion, this study showed that Pseudarthria hookeri leaves have similar properties to Ranferon® in rats, which justifies the traditional use of this plant in the treatment of anaemia.

Cassia sieberiana is a tree of 8 to 10 meters in height, used to treat various diseases including malaria, dysmenorrhea and many others. Our objective is the scientific valorisation of Cassia sieberiana, a plant used in therapy in Ivory Coast, by evaluating the anti-inflammatory activity of the bark of the root of Cassia sieberiana. To do this, the phytochemical study was carried out in order to determine the main chemical constituents with therapeutic potential, then the acute toxicity by gavage and intraperitoneal injection were carried out and finally the anti-inflammatory activity was verified. The phytochemical study revealed the presence of sterols, polyterpenes, polyphenols, flavonoids, catechic tannins, saponosides and alkaloids. As for the toxicity study, it allowed us to determine by per os route an LD50 > 5000 mg/kg PC, and by IP an LD50 = 524, 807 mg/kg PC graphically and by calculation an LD50 = 400 mg/kg PC. The anti-inflammatory activity of the aqueous extract of Cassia sieberiana at a dose of 200 mg/kg CP is higher than that of diclofenac at a dose of 10 mg/kg CP from the 3rd to the 6th hour of the experiment. Cassia sieberiana is non-toxic by oral administration but toxic by intraperitoneal injection. Cassia sieberiana also has anti-inflammatory activity.

The pharmacological study of the aqueous extract of Daniellia oliveri (Fabaceae) leaves revealed antipyretic properties .This dose-dependent reduction in brewer's yeast-induced hyperthermia in rats is similar to that of lysine acetylsalicylate. Qualitative phytochemical screening shows that the aqueous leaf extract of Daniellia oliveri contains polyphenols, flavonoids, saponosides, quinone substances, alkaloids, catechic and gallic tannins, sterols, polyterpenes and cardiodic heterosides. The oral LD50 of the aqueous extract of Daniellia oliveri leaves conducted according to OECD guideline 423 [1], is greater than 5000 mg/kg B.W, making this plant a substance of low toxicity, thus justifying its traditional use in painful ailments.

Cassia sieberiana est un arbre de 8 a 10 metres de hauteur, utilise pour traiter diverses maladies notamment le paludisme, la dysmenorrhee et biens dautres pathologies. Notre objectif est de contribuer a la valorisation des plantes de la pharmacopee africaine, par levaluation de la toxicite subaigue de lecorce de racine de Cassia sieberiana, plante utilisee dans la therapie en Cote dIvoire. La toxicite subaigue fournit des informations sur les risques pour la sante que peut entraîner une exposition repetee pendant une periode de temps relativement limitee. Ladministration quotidienne sur 28 jours par voie orale des doses de 100 150 et 200 mg/kg de poids corporel (PC) dextrait aqueux decorce de racine de Cassia sieberiana (EACS), na eu aucun effet significatif sur la croissance des rats, ni sur le poids relatif du cœur, du foie, de la rate, des reins des rats traites comparativement aux temoins. Aux mêmes doses, EACS na aucune influence sur les parametres biochimiques que sont les transaminases, la bilirubine, la creatinine et luree, ni sur les parametres hematologiques en comparaison aux temoins. Lobservation des coupes histologiques du cœur, du foie et des reins na revele aucune lesion au niveau de ces organes. Les resultats obtenus au cours de cette etude montrent que Cassia sieberiananest pas toxique aux doses etudies et par cette voie dadministration.

The pharmacological study of the aqueous extract of Daniellia oliveri (Fabaceae) leaves revealed analgesic properties similar to those of Aceclofenac. The results obtained indicate that the aqueous extract of Daniellia oliveri leaves causes a decrease in the number of abdominal cramps in the writhing test and pain inhibition in the second phase of the formaldehyde test. However, it should be noted that the aqueous extract of Daniellia oliveri leaves has no inhibitory effect on pain in the tail-flick test and the first phase of the formaldehyde test. In contrast to morphine, the aqueous leaf extract of Daniellia oliveri is therefore an essentially peripheral analgesic. Qualitative phytochemical screening shows that the aqueous leaf extract of Daniellia oliveri contains polyphenols, flavonoids, saponosides, quinone substances, alkaloids, catechin, and gallic tannins, sterols, polyterpenes, and cardiotonic heterosides. The oral LD50 of the aqueous extract of Daniellia oliveri leaves conducted according to OECD guideline 423 (OECD, 2001) 1, is greater than 5000 mg/kg B.W, making this plant a substance of low toxicity, thus justifying its traditional use in painful ailments. Keywords: Daniellia oliveri (Rolfe, Hutch et Dalz); Writhing; Tail-flick; Analgesic; Flavonoids.

The bark of Pseudocedrela kotschyi is traditionally used by people in sub-Saharan regions to treat fever. The main objective of this study is to determine the antipyretic activity, phytochemical constituents with pharmacological potential, and toxicity of the aqueous extract of Pseudocedrela kotschyi stem bark. The comparative study of the aqueous extract of Pseudocedrela kotschyi stem bark with lysine acetylsalicylate on brewer's yeast-induced hyperthermia in rats revealed the antipyretic properties of this extract. The standard methods used for the qualitative analysis of phytochemical constituents revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, catechic tannins, saponosides, polyphenols, quinones, terpenoids, oses and holosides while coumarins and gall tannins are absent. The toxicological study of the aqueous extract of stem bark of Pseudocedrela kotschyi determined an LD 50 of 240 mg/kg BW. According to the classification of Diezi (1989), this plant is moderately toxic by the intraperitoneal route. These results justify traditional use of Pseudocedrela kotschyi bark against fever. Keywords: Pseudocedrela kotschyi-Lysine acetylsalicylate-Antipyretic.

This work is the continuation of previous work, during which we investigated the analgesic effects of aqueous extract of Ximenia americana in rats and mice. This work has shown the analgesic action of the aqueous extract of Ximenia americana, effect which seems be due to flavonoids and saponins contained in this total extract. We undertook the fractionation of the crude extract of Ximenia americana, to verify the assumption that the analgesic effect of the aqueous extract from Ximenia americana is due to flavonoids and saponins. To do this we used the fractionation method developed by wagner. This method gave us 6 fractions; we tested on rats and mice. The use of reference molecules such as morphine and phenylbutazone showed the analgesic properties of fractions F2, F4, F6 of the aqueous extract of Ximenia americana.Analgesic activity of the fractions of the aqueous extract of Ximenia Americana (Linné) (Olacaceae)