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In this paper, the phased array inspection is carried out on the small diameter pipes with artificial groove defects and natural defects, and then the conventional ultrasonic inspection and the penetration inspection after cutting and dissection are carried out respectively. The ultrasonic phased array inspection results are compared with the conventional ultrasonic and compared with the results obtained from penetrant testing, the reliability of ultrasonic phased array testing technology in the application of small-diameter pipe testing is analyzed. Then, taking the detection of the small pipe socket of the high-temperature superheater header of Huadian Weifang Power Plant as an example, it is verified that the ultrasonic phased array detection is feasible in the detection of small diameter pipe welded joints. Finally, the ultrasonic phased array testing process and testing technology of power station boiler small-diameter pipes are summarized, and the development direction of phased array testing application in power plant equipment inspection is prospected.