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Introduction: The incidence of colorectal cancer is steadily increasing, and the detection of related molecular targets is critical for its diagnosis and treatment. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) can play a regulatory role before and after genome transcription, and epigenetic regulation is involved in the process of tumorigenesis and tumor development. Method: In this study, qRT-PCR was performed to evaluate the expression of AK093407 in colon cancer and colon para-carcinoma tissues and HCT-15 and HCT-116 cells. SiRNA was transfected into HCT-15 and HCT-116 cells to knock down lncRNA-AK093407. Then, MTT assay was used to test cell proliferation, and flow cytometry was used to test apoptosis and cell cycle. The protein expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, bax, bcl-2, cyclin-A1, cyclin-B1, cyclin-D1, cyclin- E1, p21, p27, and p-Stat3 was determined by Western blot. Results: The results showed that the expression of AK093407 in human colon cancer tissue was higher than in para-carcinoma tissue. The amount of AK093407 in HCT-15 and HCT-116 cells was higher than that in normal colorectal epithelial NM460 cells. When AK093407 was silenced, the proliferation of HCT-15 and HCT-116 cells decreased, the apoptosis rate increased, the cell cycle was arrested in the G1/S phase, the expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, bax, cyclin-A1, cyclin- B1, p21, p27 increased, and the expression of bcl-2, cyclin-D1, cyclin-E1, p-Stat3 decreased. Conclusion: These results showed that knockdown of AK093407 could inhibit colon cancer cell proliferation, induce apoptosis and cell cycle arrest, influence the expression of vital factors in mitochondrial apoptosis pathway and cell cycle regulatory pathway, and may negatively regulate JAK/STAT3 through down-regulating p-Stat3.

Wei-guang Yang,* Ao Sun,* Rong Zhu, Nan Liu, Wei-jie He, Lin-lin Liu Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shen Yang, Liao Ning, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Lin-lin Liu, Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nan Jing North Street in He Ping District, Shen Yang, Liao Ning, People’s Republic of China, Email catherine-ll@126.comBackground: Artemisinin (ART) is a safe and effective antimalarial drug. In recent years, antimalarial drugs have demonstrated a good therapeutic efficacy in IgA nephropathy, suggesting that this may become a new treatment option.Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effect and mechanism of artemisinin in IgA nephropathy.Methods: In this study, CMap database was used to predict the artemisinin therapeutic effect for IgA nephropathy. A network pharmacology approach was applied to explore the unknown mechanism of artemisinin in IgA nephropathy. We used molecular docking to predict the binding affinity of artemisinin with the targets. A mouse model of IgA nephropathy was established to investigate the therapeutic effect of artemisinin on IgA nephropathy. In vitro, the cell counting Kit-8 assay was used to evaluate the cytotoxicity of artemisinin. Flow cytometry and PCR assays were used to detect the effects of artemisinin on oxidative stress and fibrosis in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated mesangial cells. Western blot and immunofluorescence were used to detect the expression of pathway proteins.Results: CMap analysis showed artemisinin may reverse the expression levels of differentially expressed genes in IgA nephropathy. Eighty-seven potential targets of artemisinin in the treatment of IgA nephropathy were screened. Among them, 15 hub targets were identified. Enrichment analysis and GSEA analysis indicated that response to reactive oxygen species is the core biological process. AKT1 and EGFR had the highest docking affinity with artemisinin. In vivo, artemisinin could improve renal injury and fibrosis in mice. In vitro, artemisinin attenuated LPS-induced oxidative stress and fibrosis promoted AKT phosphorylation and Nrf2 nuclear translocation.Conclusion: Artemisinin reduced the level of fibrosis and oxidative stress with IgA nephropathy through the AKT/Nrf2 pathway, which provided an alternative treatment for IgAN.Keywords: IgA nephropathy, artemisinin, network pharmacology, AKT, Nrf2

EXplainable AI (XAI) is an essential topic to improve human understanding of deep neural networks (DNNs) given their black-box internals. For computer vision tasks, mainstream pixel-based XAI methods explain DNN decisions by identifying important pixels, and emerging concept-based XAI explore forming explanations with concepts (e.g., a head in an image). However, pixels are generally hard to interpret and sensitive to the imprecision of XAI methods, whereas "concepts" in prior works require human annotation or are limited to pre-defined concept sets. On the other hand, driven by large-scale pre-training, Segment Anything Model (SAM) has been demonstrated as a powerful and promotable framework for performing precise and comprehensive instance segmentation, enabling automatic preparation of concept sets from a given image. This paper for the first time explores using SAM to augment concept-based XAI. We offer an effective and flexible concept-based explanation method, namely Explain Any Concept (EAC), which explains DNN decisions with any concept. While SAM is highly effective and offers an "out-of-the-box" instance segmentation, it is costly when being integrated into defacto XAI pipelines. We thus propose a lightweight per-input equivalent (PIE) scheme, enabling efficient explanation with a surrogate model. Our evaluation over two popular datasets (ImageNet and COCO) illustrate the highly encouraging performance of EAC over commonly-used XAI methods.

In this paper, we present an implementation of JSON-diff framework JYCM, extending the existing framework by introducing the concept of "unordered" comparisons and allowing users to customize their comparison scenarios flexibly. Furthermore, we provide a diff-result renderer to visualize better and understand the differences between JSON objects. Our work enables more adaptable and comprehensive comparisons to accommodate a wider range of use cases and requirements., Updated 2023-6-18: add related works: [JEDI: These aren't the JSON documents you're looking for...]

As the popularity of large language models (LLMs) soars across various applications, ensuring their alignment with human values has become a paramount concern. In particular, given that LLMs have great potential to serve as general-purpose AI assistants in daily life, their subtly unethical suggestions become a serious and real concern. Tackling the challenge of automatically testing and repairing unethical suggestions is thus demanding. This paper introduces the first framework for testing and repairing unethical suggestions made by LLMs. We first propose ETHICSSUITE, a test suite that presents complex, contextualized, and realistic moral scenarios to test LLMs. We then propose a novel suggest-critic-reflect (SCR) process, serving as an automated test oracle to detect unethical suggestions. We recast deciding if LLMs yield unethical suggestions (a hard problem; often requiring human expertise and costly to decide) into a PCR task that can be automatically checked for violation. Moreover, we propose a novel on-the-fly (OTF) repairing scheme that repairs unethical suggestions made by LLMs in real-time. The OTF scheme is applicable to LLMs in a black-box API setting with moderate cost. With ETHICSSUITE, our study on seven popular LLMs (e.g., ChatGPT, GPT-4) uncovers in total 109,824 unethical suggestions. We apply our OTF scheme on two LLMs (Llama-13B and ChatGPT), which generates valid repair to a considerable amount of unethical ones, paving the way for more ethically conscious LLMs.

The GNSS multipath delay error is highly related to the surrounding monitoring environment, which cannot be eliminated or mitigated by establishing the double difference observation model. In the actual monitoring environment, due to the complexity of the multi-GNSS constellation, it is difficult for existing algorithms to consider GEO, IGSO, MEO and other different orbital types of satellites for real-time and efficient multipath error reduction. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel GNSS dual-frequency multipath error reduction method for real deformation monitoring for GNSS considering various satellite orbit types. This method extracts the single error residual of each satellite based on the assumption of "zero mean", and divides the appropriate grid density of GEO and IGSO\MEO respectively, to construct the dual-frequency multi-path hemispherical map model suitable forGNSS satellites with different orbital types. This method can realize the multi-path error elimination of the observed values of different orbits and different frequencies. The results of simulation experiments and real deformation monitoring data demonstrate that this method can effectively eliminate low-frequency multipath delay errors in the observation domain and coordinate domain. After multipath correction, the precision of the horizontal coordinates and height coordinates is 1.7mm and 4.6mm. The precision of the horizontal coordinate and height coordinate is increased by 50% and 60% respectively. The fixed rate of ambiguity increased by 5%~7%., The 28th IUGG General Assembly (IUGG2023) (Berlin 2023)

In this paper, we study the dynamics of the mean curvature flow approaching a cylindrical singularity and show that generically such a singularity is nondegenerate, robust, and isolated. This gives also consequences such as generic low regularity of level set flows, generic rotational MCFs being type-I, etc. Another discovery of the paper is the formulation of the "firecracker" type singularity and its role playing in the study of generic isolatedness of cylindrical singularities. The work appears as the confluence of methods and ideas from geometric flows, dynamical systems, and semilinear heat equations., 48 pages, comments are welcome!

Objective To investigate the effect of FBXW7 on the expression and localization of HSF1 in colorectal cancer cells. Methods The expression levels of HSF1 and pHSF1Ser326 protein in FBXW7 deletion (KO) and wild-type (WT) FBXW7-expressing counterpart colorectal cancer cells were detected by Western blot. The nucleoprotein expression and localization of pHSF1Ser326 in heat-shocked or recovery stage cells were observed by Western blot and immunofluorescence method. Results The HSF1 expression level in DLD1 cells transfected with FBXW7α was decreased significantly (P < 0.01). The expression levels of HSF1 and pHSF1Ser326 protein in FBXW7 KO cells were higher than those in WT cells (all P < 0.05). HSF1 and pHSF1Ser326 in FBXW7 KO cells were mainly expressed in nucleus and weakly expressed in cytoplasm. After warm stimulation, the expression of HSF1 and pHSF1Ser326 in WT cells recovered to the unstimulated level, while the expression of HSF1 and pHSF1Ser326 in FBXW7 KO cells were higher in the nucleus (all P < 0.01). Conclusion Loss of FBXW7 could affect the nuclear HSF1 recovery after warm stimulation. It may be associated with FBXW7 deletion inhibiting the degradation of nuclear HSF1.

Sphere is known to be the only generic compact shrinker for mean curvature flow (MCF). In this paper, we characterize generic dynamics of MCFs with a spherical singularity. In terms of the level set flow formulation of MCF, this gives that generically the arrival time function of level set flow with spherical singularity has at most $C^2$ regularity., 17 pages, comments are welcome!

Many works have shown the overfitting hazard of selecting a trading strategy based only on good IS (in sample) performance. But most of them have merely shown such phenomena exist without offering ways to avoid them. We propose an approach to avoid overfitting: A good (meaning non-overfitting) trading strategy should still work well on paths generated in accordance with the distribution of the historical data. We use GAN with LSTM to learn or fit the distribution of the historical time series . Then trading strategies are backtested by the paths generated by GAN to avoid overfitting.(This paper is an tanslated English version of a thesis (10.6342/NTU201801645) which was originally written in Chinese in 2018, where some statements and claims are outdated in 2022)

We prove that in a closed Riemannian manifold with dimension between $3$ and $7$, either there are minimal hypersurfaces with arbitrarily large area, or there exist uncountably many stable minimal hypersurfaces. Moreover, the latter case has a very pathological Cantor set structure which does not show up in certain manifolds. Among the applications, we prove that there exist minimal hypersurfaces with arbitrarily large area in analytic manifolds. In the proof, we use the Almgren-Pitts min-max theory proposed by Marques-Neves, the ideas developed by Song in his proof of Yau's conjecture, and the resolution of the generic multiplicity-one conjecture by Zhou., 30 pages, 3 figures. Comments are welcome!

We show that $S^2\times S^2$ is isolated as a shrinking Ricci soliton in the space of metrics, up to scaling and diffeomorphism. We also prove the same rigidity for $S^2\times N$, where $N$ belongs to a certain class of closed Einstein manifolds. These results are the Ricci flow analogues of our results for Clifford-type shrinking solitons for the mean curvature flow., Comment: 34 pages; corrected a missing term before (4.5) which does not significantly affect the proof strategy

This is a contribution to the program of dynamical approach to mean curvature flow initiated by Colding and Minicozzi. In this paper, we prove two main theorems. The first one is local in nature and the second one is global. In this first result, we pursue the stream of ideas of \cite{CM3} and get a slight refinement of their results. We apply the invariant manifold theory from hyperbolic dynamics to study the dynamics close to a closed shrinker that is not a sphere. In the second theorem, we show that if a hypersurface under the rescaled mean curvature flow converges to a closed shrinker that is not a sphere, then a generic perturbation on initial data would make the flow leave a small neighborhood of the shrinker and never come back., Comment: 43 pages, 1 figure, comments welcome!

This is the second paper in the series to study the initial perturbation of mean curvature flow. We study the initial perturbation of mean curvature flow, whose first singularity is modeled by an asymptotic conical shrinker. The noncompactness of the limiting shrinker creates essential difficulties. We introduce the Feynman-Kac formula to get precise asymptotic behaviour of the linearized rescaled mean curvature equation along an orbit. We also develop the invariant cone method to the non-compact setting for the local dynamics near the shrinker. As a consequence, we prove that after a generic initial perturbation, the perturbed rescaled mean curvature flow avoids the conical singularity., Comment: 46 pages, 1 figure, comments welcome!

We show that the product of two round shrinking spheres is an isolated self-shrinker in any codimension, modulo rotations. Moreover we prove explicit {\L}ojasiewicz inequalities near such products. {\L}ojasiewicz inequalities were previously used by Schulze to prove uniqueness of tangent mean curvature flows at compact shrinkers; our results provide an explicit rate of convergence to products of two spheres., Comment: 31 pages, comments welcome!

Accurate and continuous precipitation amount and spatiotemporal distribution data are essential for water resource management, flood forecasting, and simulation of hydrological processes. Satellite-based precipitation products (SPPs) with high spatio-temporal resolution have been shown to represent a potential alternative data source for ungauged regions. The objective of this study was to evaluate the performance and the hydrological utility of a SPP (TMPA 3B42V7) driving two different hydrological models (Xinanjiang and Tank models) for runoff monitoring in the Yangtze River Basin in China. The results indicate that the TMPA precipitation data can be applied for runoff simulation compared to the ground-gauged data, and the adjustment of TMPA data can be helpful to improve the accuracy of rainfall data at the point and region scale. Two adjustment equations were proposed in this study (the geographical adjustment model and the additive error adjustment model), and the Bias had significantly improved, which solve the problem of data undervaluation. In addition, the TMPA precipitation data show an acceptable accuracy for driving the Xinanjiang and Tank models for the purpose of runoff monitoring. By utilizing the measured runoff data from the four main stations of the Yangtze River Basin, an excellent performance was shown in Xinanjiang model with the determined coefficient of 0.945–0.966 and 0.900–0.922 for the calibration and validation periods, respectively. This was similar for the Tank model with values of 0.943–0.963 and 0.917–0.920 for the calibration and validation periods, respectively. Based on these results, TMPA data would be helpful not only for understanding the characteristics of precipitation at high spatial and temporal resolution, but also for estimating near-real time runoff patterns.

The Mo-Cu nano-powders were synthesized by a microwave-assisted aqueous solution strategy and subsequent low-temperature hydrogen reduction process. The sintering densification behavior of Mo-Cu composite powders and the sintering properties of the composite compacts were investigated. Results show that the sintering temperature is a critical factor in the densification process of Mo-Cu composites. The shrinkage rate, density and hardness of sintered composites increase as the temperature rises. However, too high sintering temperature causes significant loss of copper phase and abnormal grain growth, resulting in decrease in density, hardness, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity. By optimizing all the performance indicators, high performance Mo-25%Cu composites with homogeneous microstructure accompanied with good physical and mechanical properties can be obtained by sintering for 2h at 1100℃, for the actual chemical composition is highly close to the designed chemical composition. The density, hardness, bending strength, electrical conductivity and thermal conductivity are 9.79g/cm3, 229.1HV, 837.76MPa, 24.97×106S·m-1 and 176.57W·m-1·K-1, respectively.

We show that the product of two round shrinking spheres is an isolated self-shrinker in any codimension, modulo rotations. Moreover we prove explicit ��ojasiewicz inequalities near such products. ��ojasiewicz inequalities were previously used by Schulze to prove uniqueness of tangent mean curvature flows at compact shrinkers; our results provide an explicit rate of convergence to products of two spheres., 31 pages, comments welcome!

We prove the multiplicity one theorem for min-max free boundary minimal hypersurfaces in compact manifolds with boundary of dimension between 3 and 7 for generic metrics. To approach this, we develop existence and regularity theory for free boundary hypersurface with prescribed mean curvature, which includes the regularity theory for minimizers, compactness theory, and a generic min-max theory with Morse index bounds. As applications, we construct new free boundary minimal hypersurfaces in the unit balls in Euclidean spaces and self-shrinkers of the mean curvature flows with arbitrarily large entropy., Comment: 50 pages. Comments are welcome!

We prove the compactness of self-shrinkers in $\mathbb R^3$ with bounded entropy and fixed genus. As a corollary, we show that numbers of ends of such surfaces are uniformly bounded by the entropy and genus., Comment: Revised version, 33 pages; 7 figures added; more details in Section 5.2 and Lemma A.2 added; references updated

We construct a class of compact ancient solutions to the mean curvature flow in Euclidean space with high codimension. In particular, we construct higher codimensional ancient curve shortening flows. Moreover, we characterize the asymptotic behavior of these solutions. Add on remark: the construction in this paper has been discovered by Altschuler D.-Altschuler S.-Angenent-Wu in [AAAW13]., 10 pages, comments are welcomed! After the first version of this preprint was uploaded to arxiv, we discovered that the construction in this paper has been discovered by Altschuler D.-Altschuler S.-Angenent-Wu in [AAAW13]. Since the motivation of our preprint is different from [AAAW13], we still hope the readers could find some innovating ideas from this preprint

Research has consistently demonstrated that illegitimate tasks produce a wide array of negative outcomes for employees. However, knowledge about whether such tasks could stimulate employees’ unethi...

A hot-electron driven scheme can be more effective than a laser-driven scheme within suitable hot-electron energy and target density. In our one-dimensional (1D) radiation hydrodynamic simulations, 20× pressure enhancement was achieved when the ignitor laser spike was replaced with a 60-keV hot-electron spike in a shock ignition target designed for the National Ignition Facility (NIF), which can lead to greater shell velocity. Higher hot-spot pressure at the deceleration phase was obtained owing to the greater shell velocity. More cold shell material is ablated into the hot spot, and it benefits the increases of the hot-spot pressure. Higher gain and a wider ignition window can be observed in the hot-electron-driven shock ignition.

Motivated by the limiting behavior of an explicit class of compact ancient curve shortening flows, we prove codimension bounds for ancient mean curvature flows by their tangent flow at $-\infty$, generalizing a theorem for cylinders in [CM19b]. In the case of the $m$-covered circle, we apply this bound to prove a strong rigidity theorem. Furthermore, we extend this paradigm by showing that under the assumption of sufficiently rapid convergence, a compact ancient mean curvature flow is identical to its tangent flow at $-\infty$., Comment: 17 pages. Modify the paper according to the referees' suggestion. In particular we remove Theorem 1.3 in the previous version, where there is a gap in the proof. Accepted by Communications in Contemporary Mathematics. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1908.02688

In this paper we prove that the generic singularities of mean curvature flow of closed embedded surfaces in $\mathbb R^3$ modeled by closed self-shrinkers with multiplicity has multiplicity one. Together with the previous result by Colding-Minicozzi in [CM12], we conclude that the only generic singularity of mean curvature flow of closed embedded surfaces in $\mathbb R^3$ modeled by closed self-shrinkers is a multiplicity one sphere. We also construct particular perturbations of the flow to avoid those singularities with multiplicity higher than one. Our result partially addresses the well-known multiplicity one conjecture by Ilmanen., 26 pages. Correct some typos and revise the paper according to the suggestions by the referees. Accepted by Journal of Differential Geometry

We prove that a closed immersed plane curve with total curvature $2\pi m$ has entropy at least $m$ times the entropy of the embedded circle, as long as it generates a type I singularity under the curve shortening flow (CSF). We construct closed immersed plane curves of total curvature $2\pi m$ whose entropy is less than $m$ times the entropy of the embedded circle. As an application, we extend Colding-Minicozzi's notion of a generic mean curvature flow to closed immersed plane curves by constructing a piecewise CSF whose only singularities are embedded circles and type II singularities., Comment: 22 pages, final version. To appear in Communications in Analysis and Geometry

This letter presents a terahertz(THz) multiplier by four using two-stage push-push structure [1]. An 80 GHz Balun and a 160 GHz Balun are implemented by Marchand Balun structure and good performance of amplitude balance and phase balance are achieved as well as low insertion loss. The simulation results show that the output 3dB bandwidth is 70 GHz ranging from 270 GHz to 340 GHz. The quadruapler has a frequency conversion loss less than 13 dB. At the same time, good fundamental rejection greater than 30 dB and low DC power consumption 8 mW are achieved. The whole circuit is designed on 40 nm CMOS technology and occupies area of $\pmb{710 \mu\text{m} \times 400\mu \text{m}}$ including pads.

In this paper we develop the compactness theorem for $\lambda$-surface in $\mathbb R^3$ with uniform $\lambda$, genus, and area growth. This theorem can be viewed as a generalization of Colding-Minicozzi's compactness theorem for self-shrinkers in $\mathbb R^3$. As an application of this compactness theorem, we prove a rigidity theorem for convex $\lambda$-surfaces., Comment: 19 pages. Correct a mistake pointing out by Jonathan Zhu. Comments are welcomed!

In this paper we develop the compactness theorem for $��$-surface in $\mathbb R^3$ with uniform $��$, genus, and area growth. This theorem can be viewed as a generalization of Colding-Minicozzi's compactness theorem for self-shrinkers in $\mathbb R^3$. As an application of this compactness theorem, we prove a rigidity theorem for convex $��$-surfaces., 19 pages. Correct a mistake pointing out by Jonathan Zhu. Comments are welcomed!

We define a (mean curvature flow) entropy for Radon measures in $\mathbb{R}^n$ or in a compact manifold. Moreover, we prove a monotonicity formula of the entropy of the measures associated with the parabolic Allen-Cahn equations. If the ambient manifold is a compact manifold with non-negative sectional curvature and parallel Ricci curvature, this is a consequence of a new monotonicity formula for the parabolic Allen-Cahn equation. As an application, we show that when the entropy of the initial data is small enough (less than twice of the energy of the one-dimensional standing wave), the limit measure of the parabolic Allen-Cahn equation has unit density for all future time., Comment: 13 pages. Accepted by Interfaces and Free Boundaries

In this paper we study the blow up sequence of mean curvature flow of surfaces in $\mathbb R^3$ with additional forces. We prove that the blow up limit of a mean curvature flow of smoothly embedded surfaces with additional forces with finite entropy is a smoothly embedded self-shrinker., Comment: 25 pages, comments are welcomed!

The paper provides a new hydrophobic association polymer fracturing fluid gelatinizer. The hydrophobic association which is the synthesis of three component copolymer complexes, is compounded by micellar copolymerization method. The hydrophobic association is got together through hydrophilic monomer acrylamide monomer N,N-vinyl pyrrolidone monomer with a rigid group N, and hydrophobic monomer N,N-2 dodecyl acrylamide etc. three monomers with sodium dodecyl sulfate as the emulsifier in micellar solution.

Histone demethylase plant homeodomain (PHD) finger protein 8 (PHF8) has been implicated in tumor development and malignant progression in various types of cancers. However, its potential roles in gastric cancer (GC) have not been explored. In this report, we show that PHF8 expression is upregulated in GC tissues, and the enhanced PHF8 level indicates a poor prognosis of GC patients. PHF8 knockdown reduces proliferation and metastasis of GC cells, while PHF8 overexpression has the opposite effects. Mechanistically, PHF8 interacts with β-catenin, and binds to the promoter region of vimentin, leading to the promotion of vimentin transcription. In addition, we show that H. pylori, the single most important risk factor for GC, markedly induce PHF8 expression. Our results suggest that H. pylori-induced PHF8-β-catenin-vimentin axis activation is a novel mechanism for GC malignant progression. Thus, we identify PHF8 as an oncogenic factor of GC, and suggest PHF8 might be a potential molecular target for therapeutic approaches for GC.

During the oil and gas wells exploitation and transportation, carbon dioxide corrosion is one of main reasons for the corrosion of metallic materials. So the methods of preventing and reducing carbon dioxide corrosion have become a widely focused problem. The foreign and domestic practices and experiences show that as an economic, effective and versatile metal corrosion control method, corrosion inhibitor protection technology is suitable for application in oil and gas transportation system. This paper, through the indoor experiment with benzyl chloride, using quinoline as raw materials, synthesizes a kind of quinoline quaternary ammonium salt. The obtained product benzyl chloride quinoline compounded with OP-10 and ethanol to get a novel inhibitor DN for carbon dioxide corrosion, and to evaluate its performance.

Dimethyldistearylammonium Bromide (DODMAB) is a bentonite modifier with good performance. In this experiment, 1-Bromooctadecane is the raw material, and completes tertiary amination and quaternization successively by changing the condition of experiment. The result is that the productivity can achieve 78.94% in the synthesis of DODMAB. It has been used in the experiment of bentonite modification and achieves good results; compared with using trimethylstearylammonium bromide as the organic modifier, the synthetic organic bentonite has better performance than the common organic modifier when used in the oil base drilling fluid of oilfield operation.

This paper develops a Carleman type estimate for immersed surface in Euclidean space at infinity. With this estimate, we obtain an unique continuation property for harmonic functions on immersed surfaces vanishing at infinity, which leads to rigidity results in geometry.

A semantic-based information integration scheme for MedImGrid (medical image grid) is presented, which creates parent-ontology (HL7-RIM ontology) based on HL7-RIM (health level 7 referenced information model), and adopts hybrid means to construct the hierarchical structure of MedImGrid global and local ontologies. The HL7 (health level 7) gird middleware is developed based on Agent and middleware technology, which gives the semantic parsing capability to HL7 intelligent Agent to support grid service encapsulation and uniform access of heterogeneous data sources. The interrelations of data modes at ontology layer are denoted with ontology tag and used to support the semantic parsing and mapping between different medical data sources referring to MedImGrid ontologies. MedImGrid prototype is based on CGSP2 (China grid support platform v2.0) and adopts global and local semantic mapping loosely coupled means, and its special layered structure makes resource sharing and matching across systems and hospitals more efficient.

It is very difficult to control accurately the weight ratio of air-dried straw, alkali, and water in straw digester charging process. Because the volume weight of straw is very light, it can not be accurately weighed by the belt scale. In the southern part of China, the storage pile is much affected by the weather, the moisture of straw material may vary from 13% to 40%. The moisture of straw differs very much in the same storage pile. So the measurment of the sample moisture can not give the exact moisture content for the operator. Thus the operator can not charge the digester with the accurate alkali and liquor. We have developed a digital digester charging control system. The system can on-line synchronously measure the weight and moisture of straw. The total digester charging weight and water weight can be instantaneously calculated by microcomputer. On this basis, system can accurately control the alkali and liquor, and the charging quality can be ensured.

Ribosomal proteins were isolated from logarithmically growing Escherichia coli cells given [ 14 C]alanine for short periods. Surprisingly, the specific activity of alanine at the NH 2 -terminal end was higher than that of alanine released by carboxypeptidase A digestion of the ribosomal protein. To determine the direction of chain elongation more precisely, Escherichia coli cells were grown with [ 3 H]amino acids, and [ 14 C]amino acids were then given to the 3 H-labeled cells as a pulse. Radioactive 30S ribosomal proteins were isolated from these cells and subjected to carboxypeptidase digestion. The ratio of 14 C to 3 H of the released amino acids increased as the time for carboxypeptidase digestion progressed. These observations suggest that some of the ribosomal proteins may be synthesized from the carboxyl end to the amino end through a novel mechanism.