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This paper analyzes the real-world experience of using Bicycle traffic as a new way of supporting logistics traffic and reducing the load on the transport network of cities. As a result of this research, it was found that the real-world experience yields positive results and that cycling is actively becoming common in most of the world's cities. In the Russian Federation, not much attention has been paid to this in comparison with other countries; nevertheless, in recent years, this has been actively pursued. Research of the transport system supporting the city Stary Oskol of the Belgorod region and the Russian Federation allowed the authors to determine the main strategies for the development of a comprehensive and integrated Cycling network consisting of a Bikeway Plan as well as an economic assessment of its implementation. To justify this Bikeway plan, a simulation of travel time on public transport, calculation of the total travel time on various modes of transport and calculation of the walking time compared to the time spent in public transport were performed.

The modern rhythm of human life leads to well-known problems, which are air, water and soil pollution and climate warming. An increase in the power of industries and vehicles leads not only to atmospheric pollution by-products of incomplete fuel combustion but also to various microscopic particles that form aerosols, which carry an obvious danger to human health and also pollute the buildings’ facades. An environmentally friendly building material with a hybrid method “Nano-titania gradient” was developed. This method consists of forming a gradient of n-TiO2 particles concentration in the composite since the physical properties of the composite are always inextricably linked to the geometry. To increase the efficiency of the photocatalytic process, a method of surface sensitization of titanium dioxide with the use of graphene oxide was proposed, which contributed to an increase in the overall photosensitivity. Thus, the decomposition of nitrogen oxide by volume with the modified surface increased by 27% in comparison with the classic titanium dioxide, and the decomposition of volatile organic substances increased by 32%. It was found that for the facade plate made with surface-sensitized TiO2, the process of self-cleaning is completed after 3 h after the irradiation start. The modern rhythm of human life leads to well-known problems, which are air, water and soil pollution and climate warming. Using the theory of percolation, the concentration range of the photocatalyst content was calculated. To facilitate the material, waste cellulose was introduced. To increase the efficiency of the photocatalytic process, a method of surface sensitization of titanium dioxide (SS TiO2) with the use of graphene oxide was proposed. The analysis of the experimental-statistical models of the compressive strength shows that the optimum content of TiO2 was in the range from 0.8 to 1.1%, and cellulose from 0.4 to 0.8%, the optimum content of SS TiO2 was in the range from 0.7 to 1.1%, and cellulose from 0.4 to 0.8%. Analysis of the experimental and statistical model of the bending strength shows that the optimal content of TiO2 and SS TiO2 was in the range of 0.6 to 1.0%, and cellulose from 0.4 to 0.8%. When studying the structure of composites, it was found that titanium dioxide was sorbed on the surface of swollen cellulose fibers and remained there after the process of cement hydration. The effectiveness of the method of surface sensitization of titanium dioxide by combining it with graphene oxide was shown. Thus, the decomposition of nitrogen oxide by volume with the modified surface increased by 27% in comparison with the classic titanium dioxide, and the decomposition of volatile organic substances increased by 32%. It was found that for the facade plate made with surface-sensitized TiO2, the process of self-cleaning was completed after 3 h after the irradiation start.

SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer) has been widely used in pavement industry as an asphalt modifier. Nanomaterials can further enhance the performance of SBS modified asphalt. However, rare studies investigate the feasibility of using graphene as a performance enhancer of SBS modified asphalt. To fill this gap, comprehensive experimental tests including chemical and mechanical test were carried out on SBS-graphene modified asphalt and SEBS (styrene-ethylene-butylene-styrene block copolymer, which is a hydrogenated polymer of SBS) modified asphalt. Graphene with different dimensions and contents was taken into consideration in this study. Based on the experimental work, it can be concluded that graphene improves the mid-temperature performance of SBS modified asphalt. Compared with two-dimensional graphene, three-dimensional graphene has a greater advantage and the enhancement effect increases with the increase of its dosage. In addition, the cross-linked structure of SBS-graphene composite improves the distribution of SBS in asphalt, which improves the overall performance of SBS modified asphalt.

The use of advanced anti-icing materials is important to ensure and maintain the maximum traffic capacity, decrease the accident rate on motor roads exposed to adverse weather conditions in winter. The primary issue in applying these materials deals with ensuring the required traffic safety, therefore, these materials should undergo diagnostics before they can be recommended for use, and, subsequently, the condition of motor roads should be assessed. The diagnostic information obtained allows for comprehensive assessment of road operating conditions representing the most important factor in evaluating road pavement safety, especially in winter. The study addresses the issue of providing the basis for application of anti-icing materials to ensure the required safety on roads in winter. The study is focuses on road pavement operating conditions in winter, and the potential of using the new-generation anti-icing Nordway material and sand-and-salt mixture traditionally used in Russia’s periphery. As a result, due to the use of the new-generation anti-icing material, primary indicators of traffic safety assurance in winter are established. A full-scale experiment using the material under study is performed, primary cohesive properties for the experimental section of the road pavement are determined. Data on the braking distance variance in winter are gathered. A comparative analysis is carried out for a similar data set when using the traditional material, when using the tested material (of new generation) and without applying any materials. The most efficient way to reduce the accident rate on roads in winter using one of the anti-icing materials studied is established.

Polymer modified binder are subject to delamination processes due to the destruction of the structure and are not resistant to thermal-oxidative aging processes. The use of carbon nanomaterials is an effective tool for improving the quality of organic binders. It is possible to form the structure of the material after studying the processes of structure formation and establishing the main control factors. Using the chromatographic method, asphalt-resinous complexes were extracted from polymer nano-modified binders. The peculiarities of structure formation of polymer nano-modified binders are examined using scanning electron microscopy. Asphaltene-resinous complexes were studied using the Matrix Laboratory application programs and computational modules written in the C++ programming language. The hypothesis of asphaltene-resinous complexes as “molecular stickies” has been studied and confirmed. The general physical and mechanical properties of polymer nano-modified binders, their stability during storage and resistance to the thermal-oxidative aging process were studied. The mechanism of the process of structuring polymer modified binders with carbon nanomaterials, which ensures the resistance of binders to destructive processes, such as delamination and aging has been established. It was established that it is the CNMs that increases resistance to destructive processes which increases the resistance against destructive processes and protects the ARC from aggregation and sedimentation.

In recent years, lignin has been receiving more coverage as an asphalt modifier because of its wide variety of sources, low price, renewability, and potential to improve the performance of asphalt pavement. This research aims to develop lignin-modified asphalt by adding soda lignin powder in different proportions to overcome some drawbacks of traditional modified asphalt. A series of tests, including empirical, viscosity, rutting, fatigue, cracking, storage stability, and chemical tests, were performed to determine the influence of soda lignin on asphalt binder. Test results revealed that the addition of lignin helps to reduce the temperature sensitivity of the asphalt by increasing its hardness and decreasing its ductility. At the same time, the incorporation of soda lignin powder also increased the viscosity of base asphalt with the increase in lignin content. Furthermore, rheological performance test results revealed that the addition of soda lignin significantly enhanced the rutting resistance and fatigue performance for all the dosages incorporated. And also, a slight reduction in low-temperature cracking performance was observed. In addition, the storage stability test result depicted that the dispersion of lignin powder in asphalt was comparatively uniform and stable, indicating excellent thermal storage stability for all the lignin amounts incorporated. Moreover, chemical test results suggest that the soda lignin and bitumen can be mixed physically without new chemicals.

A distinctive feature of composites is the manifestation of a synergistic effect due to the interaction of contacting substances at the interphase layer, and their intensity of interaction affects the volume properties of the composites. A study of the interphase layer of bitumen was carried out on the surface of the mineral powder. The proposed method according to the results of rheological tests allows calculating the thickness of the boundary layer in the binary system “asphalt - dispersed phase”. The dependence of the road composite strength on the layer thickness of structured asphalt is established: the strength of the composite increases with increasing thickness of the bitumen layer. Method of assessing the impact on the structural-sensitive properties of the composite extensive factor m - indicator reflecting the influence of the interface area and intensive factor n - indicator reflecting the influence of physicochemical effects at the interface is proposed. The extensive factor has a greater effect on the properties of SMA-20 with a quartz filler m/n > 2. There is a higher rate of decrease in the intensity of physicochemical interactions at the interface of the “oil bitumen-silica filler” phase as compared with the extensive factor. The different nature of the effect of temperature on the extensive and intensive factors is observed for SMA-20 with diatomite: as temperature increases, the factor m increases, whereas the opposite effect is observed for factor n. It indicates a positive effect of the specific surface of diatomite on the temperature properties of asphalt concrete., Отличительной особенностью композитов является проявление синергетического эффекта вследствие взаимодействия контактирующих веществ на границе раздела фаз, а их интенсивность взаимодействия влияет на объемные свойства композитов. В работе произведено исследование межфазного слоя битума на поверхности минерального порошка. Предложена методика позволяющая, по результатам реологических испытаний, рассчитать толщину граничного слоя в бинарной системе «нефтяной битум – дисперсная фаза». Установлена взаимосвязь, описывающая зависимость толщины слоя структурированного нефтяного битума с прочностью дорожного композита: увеличение толщины слоя битума на поверхности минерального порошка приводит к увеличению прочности композита. Предложена методика для количественной оценки влияния на структурно-чувствительные свойства композита экстенсивного фактора m - показателя, характеризующего влияние площади границы раздела фаз и интенсивного фактора n - показателя, характеризующего влияние физико-химического воздействия на границе раздела фаз. Установлено, что для щебеночно-мастичного асфальтобетона ЩМА-20, изготовленного с применением кварцевого наполнителя более существенное влияние оказывает экстенсивный фактор m/n>2. Также для него характерна более высокая скорость снижения интенсивности физико-химических взаимодействий на границе раздела фаз «нефтяной битум-кварцевый наполнитель» по сравнению с экстенсивным фактором. Для ЩМА-20, приготовленного с применением диатомита, установлено отличное от симбатного снижения факторов n и m с ростом температуры, установлен различный характер влияния температуры на экстенсивный и интенсивный факторы: при ее увеличении фактор m увеличивается, тогда, как для фактора n наблюдается противоположное влияние. Это свидетельствует о положительном влиянии удельной поверхности диатомита на температурные свойства асфальтобетона.

The paper considers the problem of increasing the service life of road asphalt concrete coatings in conditions of year-round operation by road impregnating materials protection from the effects of climatic and operational factors. Objects of research are various domestic road impregnating materials. The subject of research is estimation methodology of road impregnating materials efficiency, modeling effects of the exposed asphalt during operation in the Central Federal District. The article proposes method of estimation of the impregnating materials resistance to different operational factors and consistent scheme of their impact on the object under study is proposed. We conducted comprehensive assessment of road impregnating materials and the effect of their influence on indicators of quality of asphalt concrete and proposed the mechanism of action to protect road impregnating materials.

In the modern world nanotechnologies are an integral part of successful and progressive development of all the areas of activity. Materials science is not an exception. The authors studied the method of nanomodification and its influence on the performance properties of polymer-modified binder (PMB) and asphalt concrete, produced on their basis. It is established that nanomodified PMB are less susceptible to aging, which is a consequence of the processes of peptization of asphalt-resin complexes (ARC) in the structure of the modified binder and the crosslinking with the polymer matrix. It is revealed that nanotubes (SWCN or MWCN) used as a modifier, act as crosslinking agent and the inhibitor of the aging process in a PMB. The influence of nanomodified PMB on strength and deformation properties of asphalt concrete is investigated. It was found out that the use of modified binder in the asphalt concrete mixtures enhances the water resistance of asphalt concrete, heat resistance and shear-resistance.