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In this essay, I take a postphenomenological perspective on tracing work transformation during the pandemic, arguing that this perspective helps develop novel sensitivities to the nature of work. Postphenomenology brings into high relief the view on work as reliant on sensory performances and embodied relations, complementing already rich accounts of work being reliant on discursive interactions, social order, and spatiality. The focus of postphenomenology on ‘non-neutrality’ and the multistability of technology provides a useful lens for revealing a multiplicity of changes, encompassing both augmentations and reductions of work experiences and evaluating their consequences for the actors involved. Finally, its attention to the transparency of technology amidst the embodied experiences gives a handle on the role of materiality in the performance of work and may be taken up as informing design efforts. A case study vignette of physiotherapy work during lockdown is offered as an illustration of applying some of the postphenomenological ideas.

Leaf rust, caused by Puccinia triticina, is the most common rust disease of wheat. The fungus is an obligate parasite capable of producing infectious urediniospores. To study the genetic structure of the leaf rust population 20 RAPD primers were evaluated on 15 isolates samples collected in Pakistan. A total of 105 RAPD fragments were amplified with an average of 7 fragments per primer. The number of amplified fragments varied from 1 to 12. GL Decamer L-07 and GL Decamer L-01 amplified the highest number of bands (twelve) and primer GL Decamer A-03 amplified the lowest number of bands i.e one. Results showed that almost all investigated isolates were genetically different that confirms high genetic diversity within the leaf rust population. Rust spores can follow the migration pattern in short and long distances to neighbor areas. Results indicated that the greatest variability was revealed by 74.9% of genetic differentiation within leaf rust populations. These results suggested that each population was not completely identical and high gene flow has occurred among the leaf rust population of different areas. The highest differentiation and genetic distance among the Pakistani leaf rust populations were detected between the leaf rust population in NARC isolate (NARC-4) and AARI-11and the highest similarity was observed between NARC isolates (NARC-4) and (NARC-5). The present study showed the leaf rust population in Pakistan is highly dynamic and variable. Resumo A ferrugem da folha, causada por Puccinia triticina, é a ferrugem mais comum do trigo. O fungo é um parasita obrigatório, capaz de produzir urediniósporos infecciosos. Para estudar a estrutura genética da população de ferrugem da folha, 20 primers RAPD foram avaliados em 15 amostras de isolados coletadas no Paquistão. Um total de 105 fragmentos RAPD foram amplificados com uma média de 7 fragmentos por primer. O número de fragmentos amplificados variou de 1 a 12. GL Decamer L-07 e GL Decamer L-01 amplificaram o maior número de bandas (doze), e o primer GL Decamer A-03 amplificou o menor número de bandas, ou seja, um. Os resultados mostraram que quase todos os isolados investigados eram geneticamente diferentes, o que confirma a alta diversidade genética na população de ferrugem da folha. Os esporos de ferrugem podem seguir o padrão de migração em distâncias curtas e longas para áreas vizinhas. Os resultados indicaram que a maior variabilidade foi revelada por 74,9% da diferenciação genética nas populações de ferrugem. Esses resultados sugeriram que cada população não era completamente idêntica e um alto fluxo gênico ocorreu entre a população de ferrugem da folha de diferentes áreas. A maior diferenciação e distância genética entre as populações de ferrugem da folha do Paquistão foram detectadas entre a população de ferrugem da folha no isolado NARC (NARC-4) e AARI-11 e a maior similaridade foi observada entre os isolados NARC (NARC-4) e (NARC-5). O presente estudo mostrou que a população de ferrugem da folha no Paquistão é altamente dinâmica e variável.

With a constant push to shrink size and elevate power density, the heat flux in GaN-based devices is drastically intensified, requiring effective cooling to control junction temperature. This work presents an embedded manifold microchannel cooling (EMMC) arrangement targeted at mitigating junction temperature, in which microchannels are directly etched in the GaN substrate to extract heat generated due to self-heating. The single-phase laminar flow of deionized water through near-junction microchannels has been investigated in a unit-cell mimicking a recently reported GaN power converter with EMMC arrangement. The effects of geometrical parameters of the manifold and microchannel, heat flux and flow rate on the thermal-hydraulic performance of the unit-cell model are thoroughly studied. High heat transfer coefficients in the order of 10(5) W/(m(2).K) associated with the near-junction microfluidic single-phase flow are acquired, which demonstrates the excellent heat extraction capability of EMMC applied to GaN-based devices. The unit-cell model in the prediction of the thermal performance of a large-scale EMMC multifinger GaN device is in good agreement with experiment and capable of providing detailed fluid flow and temperature distributions for design optimization. Furthermore, a capped diamond heat spreader is integrated with the EMMC GaN device to reduce junction thermal spreading resistance. It is shown that high die heat flux in the range 0.86-3.01 kW/cm(2) can be effectively removed for the 10-mu m-thick diamond capped GaN-on-SiC EMMC device within a junction temperature range 48-110 degrees C. This new EMMC arrangement complemented with capped diamond holds promise as an ultimate near-junction cooling solution that facilitates the implementation and development of high-power compact GaN-based devices.

We consider the effect that an upstream cylinder has on the effective inertial collection efficiency of a downstream cylinder. We consider an initially uniform distribution of particles moving past a cylindrical fiber in a potential crossflow and numerically calculate the resulting particle distribution far downstream of the fiber using finite differences. We then investigate the effect that the downstream distribution of particles has on the effective inertial collision efficiency of a downstream test cylinder oriented parallel to the first. We show that the effective collision efficiency of the test cylinder depends on its relative offset in the transverse direction (normal to the flow) with respect to the upstream cylinder. For relatively small offsets there is complete shielding, and no particles collide with the test cylinder. As the offset increases, a growing effective collision efficiency is observed leading to a significant enhancement relative to the collision efficiency of an isolated cylinder for intermediate offsets and Stokes numbers close to unity. Importantly, we observe relative gains in effective collision efficiency above 100% for a range of Stokes number and offset values. For larger offsets and Stokes numbers, the effect of the upstream cylinder on the effective collision efficiency of the test cylinder decreases and eventually becomes negligible. Detailed results are provided for Stokes drag acting on the particles and we also show that a non-linear drag has negligible effect on the observed trends for the conditions relevant to filtration systems. These results suggest that the arrangement of fibers has a substantial effect on inertial particle impaction even when neighboring fibers do not alter the flow field around each individual collector. Moreover, periodic arrangements with specific orientations with respect of the flow could lead to a significant enhancement of the inertial collision of particles on an array of collectors, thus contributing towards a better filtration performance.

When COVID-19 cases surge, identifying ways to improve the efficiency of contact tracing and prioritize vulnerable communities for isolation and quarantine support services is critical. During a fall 2020 COVID-19 resurgence in San Francisco, California, prioritization of telephone-based case investigation by zip code and using a chatbot to screen for case participants who needed isolation support reduced the number of case participants who would have been assigned for a telephone interview by 31.5% and likely contributed to 87.5% of Latinx case participants being successfully interviewed. (Am J Public Health. 2022;112(1):43–47. https://doi.org/10.2105/AJPH.2021.306563 )

Objective: to analyze the use of the Practical Approach to Care Kit as a technology adopted in nurses’ clinical practice for HIV management in Primary Health Care. Method: an exploratory and descriptive research study anchored in the methodological framework of the Constructivist Grounded Theory. The participants were defined through initial sampling, with 12 nurses, and theoretical sampling, with five managers, totaling 17 participants. The data were collected by means of intensive interviews and documentary analysis, and they were analyzed in two stages: 1) Initial coding; and 2) Focused coding. Results: the professionals identified the Practical Approach to Care Kit as a technological innovation that contributed to expanding the clinical practice and to empowering nurses in the clinical management of HIV infection. They also highlighted its importance as a tool for guiding the different responsibilities and duties while sharing care, contributing to the provision of evidence-based practices. Conclusion: The Practical Approach to Care Kit is a technological innovation that has transformed nurses’ clinical practice in HIV management, expanding their scope of activities in carrying out the diagnosis, assessing the health condition and counseling, evaluating adherence to the treatment, adverse effects and prescription of exams, medications, and immunobiological. Resumo Objetivo: analisar a utilização do Practical Approach to Care Kit como uma tecnologia adotada na prática clínica dos enfermeiros no manejo do HIV na Atenção Primária à Saúde. Método: pesquisa exploratória e descritiva, ancorada no referencial metodológico da Teoria Fundamentada nos Dados Construtivista. A definição dos participantes foi realizada por amostragem inicial, com 12 enfermeiros, e amostragem teórica, com cinco gestores, totalizando 17 participantes. Os dados foram coletados por entrevistas intensivas e análise documental, e foram analisados em duas etapas: 1) codificação inicial; e 2) codificação focalizada. Resultados: os profissionais identificaram o Practical Approach to Care Kit como uma inovação tecnológica que contribuiu para a ampliação da prática clínica e empoderamento do enfermeiro no manejo clínico da infecção por HIV. Também destacaram sua importância como ferramenta para orientação das diferentes responsabilidades e atribuições no compartilhamento do cuidado, contribuindo para a prestação de práticas baseadas em evidências. Conclusão: o Practical Approach to Care Kit é uma inovação tecnológica que transformou a prática clínica do enfermeiro no manejo do HIV, ampliando seu escopo de atividades na realização do diagnóstico, avaliação da condição de saúde e aconselhamento, avaliação da adesão ao tratamento, efeitos adversos e prescrição de exames, medicamentos e imunobiológicos. Resumen Objetivo: analizar el uso del Practical Approach to Care Kit como tecnología adoptada en la práctica clínica de los enfermeros en el manejo del VIH en la Atención Primaria de la Salud. Método: investigación exploratoria y descriptiva, basada en el marco metodológico de la Teoría Fundamentada en los Datos Constructivistas. La definición de los participantes fue realizada por muestreo inicial, con 12 enfermeros, y muestreo teórico, con cinco gestores, fueron 17 participantes en total. Los datos fueron recolectados a través de entrevistas intensivas y análisis de documentos, y fueron analizados en dos etapas: 1) codificación inicial; y 2) codificación enfocada. Resultados: los profesionales identificaron el Practical Approach to Care Kit como una innovación tecnológica que contribuyó a la expansión de la práctica clínica y al empoderamiento de los enfermeros en el manejo clínico de la infección por VIH. También destacaron su importancia como herramienta para orientar las diferentes responsabilidades y obligaciones en la distribución de la atención de los pacientes, contribuyendo a la prestación de prácticas basadas en evidencia. Conclusión: el Practical Approach to Care Kit es una innovación tecnológica que ha transformado la práctica clínica de los enfermeros en el manejo del VIH, ampliando su radio de acción para la realización del diagnóstico, evaluación del estado de salud y asesoramiento, evaluación de la adherencia al tratamiento, efectos adversos y prescripción de exámenes, medicamentos e inmunobiológicos.

ispartof: ENERGY REPORTS vol:9 pages:2169-2184 status: accepted

The aim of this explorative study was to determine the key inertial measurement unit-based wheelchair mobility performance components during a wheelchair tennis match. A total of 64 wheelchair tennis matches were played by 15 wheelchair tennis players (6 women, 5 men, 4 juniors). All individual tennis wheelchairs were instrumented with inertial measurement units, two on the axes of the wheels and one on the frame. A total of 48 potentially relevant wheelchair tennis outcome variables were initially extracted from the sensor signals, based on previous wheelchair sports research and the input of wheelchair tennis experts (coaches, embedded scientists). A principal component analysis was used to reduce this set of variables to the most relevant outcomes for wheelchair tennis mobility. Results showed that wheelchair mobility performance in wheelchair tennis can be described by six components: rotations to racket side in (1) curves and (2) turns; (3) linear accelerations; (4) rotations to non-racket side in (4) turns and (5) curves; and finally, (6) linear velocities. One or two outcome variables per component were selected to allow an easier interpretation of results. These key outcome variables can be used to adequately describe the wheelchair mobility performance aspect of wheelchair tennis during a wheelchair tennis match and can be monitored during training.

The industrial and technological revolutions are accelerating globally as a result of the widespread adoption of new information and communication technologies like artificial intelligence (AI), the Internet of Things (IoT), and blockchain technology. Government, business, and academia are all paying close attention to artificial intelligence. In this study, a selection of well-read articles on artificial intelligence from recent publications is examined. The focus of this study is to offer an analysis of artificial intelligence using integrated industry information. It provides an overview of the extent of artificial intelligence using background information, motivating factors, technological advancements, and applications, as well as rational predictions for its future. This study can contribute to the field of artificial intelligence research and offer crucial knowledge to real-world practitioners. This study's key contribution is its clarification of the current state of the art in AI for further research.

Background/Purpose: The global economy is continuously changing with innovation and technological development. In the recent past, digital technology has revolutionized the banking sector and hence banks are readjusting their business strategies toward e-banking. Fintech companies with lower costs operations were taking over the banking business initially, and now are partnering with banks to increase their profits and customer base. Design/Methodology/Approach: The data for this case study has been gathered from secondary sources of information by referring to a number of research articles in journals and information from the internet. It is a case study research approach that seeks to assess fintech and banking digital transformation and aims to evaluate Fintech in Banking using SWOC analysis. Findings: Banks by partnering with fintech companies can expand their services instantaneously using data sets. It can offer a single platform to access various financial services and also introduce innovative, economical products, and services to customers. Integration of banks with fintech may lead to technical complexity. It is challenging to meet the rising expectations of the customers. Originality/Value: This paper analyses the role of fintech in banking and provides suggestions through evaluation. Paper Type: Case Study Research paper

This study aims to analyze teachers' perceptions and challenges in integrating technology to teach English reading skills. This study uses a systematic analysis method that identifies existing literature on Google Scholar. Data collection was carried out through systematic literature review stages: 1) framing questions for a review, 2) identifying relevant work, 3) assessing the quality of studies, 4) summarizing the evidence, 5) interpreting the findings. The results of this study found that the teacher's positive perception of integrating technology in learning English and integrating technology can help teaching and learning activities and make classes interesting. The challenges faced by teachers in integrating technology include the lack of technology media facilities, slow internet connections, lack of teacher skills in mastering technology, teacher or student motivation to use technology in learning English, and proper material preparation. Based on these results, it can be concluded that teachers have a positive attitude towards integrating ICT in English learning activities, especially for teaching students' English reading skills.

Thescalable synthesis of high-temperature H-2-sieving membranesfor energy-efficient carbon capture can potentiallyenable the implementation of precombustion carbon capture at a rapidpace., Synthesis of H-2-sieving membranes for high-temperatureapplications is highly desired for improving the energy efficiencyof H-2 production from steam reforming and developing alow-cost solution for precombustion carbon capture. Zeolite-basedmembranes are ideal for this because they possess excellent hydrothermalstability. However, current methods to synthesize H-2-sievingzeolite membranes rely on hydrothermal synthesis on expensive ceramicsupports followed by postsynthetic functionalization to shrink theeffective pore size. The scalable synthesis approach on a low-costpolymeric support implementable at room temperature is highly desiredto advance applications based on H-2-sieving membranes.Herein, we report the room-temperature fabrication of H-2-sieving zeolitic membranes by simply assembling sodalite precursor,i.e., RUB-15 nanosheets, on a porous polybenzimidazole support. Thepresence of adsorbed surfactants on the nanosheets led to an entropicallydriven ordering of the nanosheets witnessed by a sharp (200) d-spacing peak by X-ray diffraction. The intersheet gapwas successfully eliminated by the ion exchange of cationic surfactantsby a diluted acetic acid solution. The resulting zeolitic films showattractive H-2/CO2 and H-2/CH4 separation performances at elevated temperatures. The fabricationof H-2-sieving zeolitic membranes without resorting to hydrothermalsynthesis or high-temperature activation is expected to push the effortsto scale up zeolite membranes for application in gas separation andmembrane reactors.

Hydrogen is not only an important industrial chemical but also an energy carrier with increasing demand. However, the current production techniques are based on technologies that result in massive CO2 emissions. In contrast, the pyrolysis of alkanes in a liquid metal bubble column reactor does not lead to direct CO2 emissions. In order to transfer this technology from lab-scale to industrial applications, it has to be scaled up and the influences of the most common constituent of natural gas on the pyrolysis process have to be determined. For this study, the liquid metal bubble column technology developed at the KIT was scaled up by a factor of 3.75, referred to as the reactor volume. In this article, the experimental setup containing the reactor is described in detail. In addition, new methods for the evaluation of experimental data will be presented. The reactor, as well as the experimental results from pure methane pyrolysis (PM), will be compared to the previous generation of reactors in terms of methane conversion. It could be proven that scaling up the reactor volume did not result in a decrease in methane conversion. For part II of this publication, methane-ethane (MEM) gas mixtures and high calorific natural gas (nGH) were pyrolyzed, and the results were discussed on the basis of the present part I.

Resumo O objetivo desta pesquisa foi mensurar o nível tecnológico das unidades agrícolas familiares (UAF) da região Nordeste do Brasil. Para tanto, criou-se um Índice Tecnológico nas UAF (ITUAF), utilizando a técnica de análise fatorial pelo método de componentes principais. Além desse índice, aplica-se a análise de agrupamentos com o intuito de identificar clusters tecnológicos dentre as microrregiões nordestinas. Para o nível de tecnologia, foram definidos cinco níveis (“Muito Alto”, “Alto”, “Médio”, “Baixo” e “Muito Baixo”). Foram selecionadas 166 microrregiões e utilizadas 18 variáveis como indicadores de tecnologia, fazendo-se uso da técnica de análise fatorial. A análise de agrupamentos proposta pelo trabalho, para identificar os aglomerados de tecnologia nas microrregiões, definiu dois clusters, denominados como “menos tecnológico” (cluster 1) e “mais tecnológico” (cluster 2). Esses agrupamentos demonstram que, na região Nordeste, considerando as microrregiões estudadas, a maioria delas, ou seja, 56,63%, está inserida no cluster 1, isto é, possui um nível tecnológico menos intenso em relação ao cluster 2. No tocante aos estados nordestinos, a maioria está no cluster 2 (nível técnico “mais intenso”), ou seja, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Maranhão e Piauí possuem todas as microrregiões e, por consequência, suas UAF no nível técnico “menos intenso”. Abstract The research aimed to measure the technological level of family agricultural units (UAF) in the Northeast region of Brazil. For this, a Technological Index was created in the UAF (ITUAF), using the technique of factor analysis by the main component method. In addition to this index, the analysis of clusters is applied to identify technological clusters among the northeastern microregions. For the technology level, five levels were defined (“Too High”, “High”, “Medium”, “Low”, and “Very Low”). One hundred sixty-six microregions were selected, and 18 variables were used as technology indicators, using the factor analysis technique. The cluster analysis proposed by the work to identify the technology clusters in the microregions defined two clusters, denominated as “less technological” (cluster 1) and “more technological” (cluster 2). These clusters show that in the Northeast region, considering the microregions studied, most of them, namely, 56.63%, are inserted in cluster 1, that is, it has a less intense technological level compared to cluster 2. Regarding the northeastern states, most are in cluster 2 (technical level “more intense”), that is, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Maranhão, and Piauí have all microregions and, consequently, their UAF at the “less intense” technical level. Resumen El objetivo de esta investigación fue medir el nivel tecnológico de las unidades agrícolas familiares (UAF) en la región Nordeste de Brasil. Para ello, se creó un Índice Tecnológico en la UAF (ITUAF), utilizando la técnica de análisis factorial por el método del componente principal. Además de este índice, se aplica el análisis de agrupamientos para identificar clústeres tecnológicos entre las microrregiones del Nordeste. Para el nivel tecnológico, se definieron cinco niveles (“Demasiado Alto”, “Alto”, “Medio”, “Bajo” y “Muy Bajo”). Se seleccionaron 166 microrregiones y se utilizaron 18 variables como indicadores tecnológicos, utilizando la técnica de análisis factorial. El análisis de agrupamientos propuesto por el trabajo, para identificar los clústeres tecnológicos en las microrregiones, definió dos clústeres, denominados como “menos tecnológicos” (clúster 1) y “más tecnológicos” (clúster 2). Estos agrupamientos muestran que, en la región Nordeste, considerando las microrregiones estudiadas, la mayoría de ellas, es decir, el 56,63%, está inserta en el clúster 1, o sea, tiene un nivel tecnológico menos intenso en comparación con el clúster 2. En cuanto a los estados del Nordeste, la mayoría están en el clúster 2 (nivel técnico “más intenso”), es decir, Rio Grande do Norte, Paraíba, Pernambuco, Sergipe, Maranhão y Piauí tienen todas las microrregiones y, en consecuencia, sus UAF a nivel técnico “menos intenso”.

Innovations can help ports become smarter and more effective and differentiate themselves from competitors. This study aims to explore the current state of innovations and smart technologies at Brazilian ports. The study sampled sixteen ports, representing 70% of port movements in Brazilian public ports in 2021. This is an exploratory and descriptive field study involving qualitative analysis. The results show that the surveyed ports are seeking strategies to innovate. Only one of the surveyed ports had a registered patent. Half of all ports had agreements with educational/research institutions, companies, or other ports for developing innovations. By contrast, no port engaged in technology transfer contracts with educational/research institutions, companies, or other ports. Few surveyed ports collaborated with HUBs, laboratories, or innovation centres. The three most widely used smart technologies at the surveyed ports were cloud computing, automated systems, and drone technologies. This study shows that Brazilian ports are undergoing a transformation process, but they find themselves in different stages of maturity regarding the appropriation and development of new technologies. New technologies are still incipient for some ports, while others have yet to adopt them. For example, only a few surveyed ports used smart technologies such as the Internet of Things, blockchain technology, or automated systems. Innovations and the inclusion of new technologies can generate benefits, but they require time and financial resources.

This article looks to the form of the puppet, both an oral and aural entity, as a receptacle or instrument which allows for a ventriloquism to take place in partnership with the puppeteer. In the work of South African Handspring Puppet Company, the puppet is a receptacle for sound, but also for the human body itself - a chamber within a chamber - highlighting the instrumentalisation of the body. In this regard, the article looks to Handspring's I Love You When You're Breathing, particularly in reference to a comment once made by an audience member at a performance of the show that I watched in relation to the title; 'If you love me when I'm breathing; you don't love me when I'm dead?' In the practice of puppetry there is a focus on the ways the puppeteer conveys life in the puppet. Here, breath is significant as a sound, but more so as a movement, passed from puppeteer to puppet, a kind of bellows or organ. The 'life' of the puppet is discerned through the rhythmic breathing motions of the puppeteer. Here the aural is conveyed through movement, rather than through sound itself, which is further a reminder that sound is at its core a movement anyway, a vibration. What can be opened up if we are to think the oral/aural through the puppet in its relation to movement and stillness, life and death?

The gender digital divide is a well-known research and policy topic. Policy discourses emphasise the inclusion aspect focusing on equal opportunities and economic empowerment. Critical analyses of the inclusion narrative stress its universalist and normative perspective which implicitly excludes and determines what gender technology inclusion means. This contribution focuses on an alternative perspective developed in Latin America: appropriation of technologies. This approach foregrounds the socio-cultural and economic inequalities present in the Global South. Based on a case study of a transfeminist IT community from Argentina, this paper analyses the transformative aspects of this collective’s imaginary and practices. It argues that this approach is relevant to other Global South contexts where similar communities exist and provides us with a better understanding of possibilities and limits of inclusion in the digital technologies sector. Die genderbezogene digitale Spaltung ist ein bekanntes Thema in Forschung und Politik. Politische Diskurse betonen den Inklusionsaspekt, der sich auf Chancengleichheit und wirtschaftliche Stärkung konzentriert. Kritische Analysen des Inklusionsnarrativs betonen dessen universalistische und normative Perspektive, die implizit ausschließt und festlegt, was geschlechterbezogene technologische Inklusion bedeutet. Dieser Beitrag konzentriert sich auf eine alternative, in Lateinamerika entwickelte Perspektive: die Aneignung von Technologien. Dieser Ansatz stellt die soziokulturellen und wirtschaftlichen Ungleichheiten im Globalen Süden in den Vordergrund. Anhand einer Fallstudie über eine transfeministische IT-Gemeinschaft in Argentinien werden die transformativen Aspekte ihrer Aneignungsvorstellungen und -praktiken analysiert. Es wird argumentiert, dass dieser Ansatz auch für andere Kontexte des Globalen Südens, in denen ähnliche Gemeinschaften existieren, relevant ist und uns ein besseres Verständnis der Möglichkeiten und Grenzen der Inklusion im Bereich der digitalen Technologien vermittelt.

Play behaviour is considered an indicator of animal welfare in young pigs. However, as play behaviour events are short-lasting and occur sporadically, continuous monitoring is necessary. This study presents a first attempt at automatic detection of locomotor play behaviour in young pigs from video by classifying locomotor play from other solitary behaviours including standing, walking, and running. Two methods were developed, compared, and sequentially combined: (1) a less computational heavy method utilising the Gaussian Mixture Model for quantification of movement combined with the calculation of contour features and standard machine learning classifiers (FEATURES); (2) a computational heavy method utilising a deep learning classifier taking both spatial and temporal features into account (DEEP). The DEEP classifier outperformed the FEATURES classifier and obtained values of internal validation recall, precision, and specificity of 94%, 88% and 96%, respectively. When combining the two classification methods, almost similar performance was retained, whilst 44% of the other behaviours were correctly classified without the need for deep learning methods. The combination thereby decreased the computational power needed to run the algorithm. Thus, locomotor play can be automatically detected in young pigs and the combination of a less computational heavy method with a deep learning method can reduce the computational requirements for the classification and detection of complex behaviours. Future work should focus on the segmentation of single pigs during high-speed activity in order to enable the play detection algorithm to work in real-life settings.

Topicality.The carried out monitoring of the health state and nutritional status of Ukrainians indicates a considerable lack of valuable essential trace elements. Solving this urgent problem is possible by introducing into the population’s diet dishes with an increased iodine content. It is advisable to elaborate preventive foods in the direction of increasing the iodine digestibility and strengthening its preventive effect. It is achieved by simultaneous intake of iodine and its synergist selenium in the human body by the use of supplements from raw materials with a balanced content of this trace element pair. The aim of the article.The aim of the study is to substantiate the production of new dietary feijoa supplements with increased iodine and selenium content for the development of preventive sweet dishes technology. Research methods.The following research methods were used in this study: analytical and standard ones were applied for the determination of iodine content, sensory profile analysis. Results.On the basis of comparative analysis of food raw materials for the iodine and selenium content, as well as the degree of compliance of these microelements with the norms of the adult’s daily physiological needs, the perspective of using feijoa fruits for the development of supplements with an increased iodine and selenium content for the technology of sweet dishes was shown. The research highlighted that new supplements, such as feijoa puree with sugar and candied feijoa, are characterized by a high content of iodine (60.1 and 52.6 μg/100 g, accordingly), and satisfy the daily human need for iodine by 40 and 35%, respectively, possess high organoleptic indicators that make it possible to recommend them as dietary supplements in the sweet dishes technology. Conclusions and discussion.The scientific novelty of the study consists in the grounding the choice of raw materials with an increased iodine and selenium content for the dietary supplements production. Iodine content in new dietary feijoa supplements was determined. Sensory characteristics of the aroma of new feijoa supplements were studied for the first time, according to the developed descriptors. The technology of the sweet dish with a high content of iodine and selenium was developed – “Granola with feijoa candied fruit”. The practical significance of obtained results is revealed in the possibility of expanding the range of dishes aimed at preventing the deficiency of these valuable microelements for the restaurant business establishments.

RESUMO O artigo propõe uma reflexão sobre a interatividade tecnológica na arte contemporânea. Para este fim, discorre sobre os modos de incorporação do espectador, com foco na superação da dicotomia entre observador passivo e interator ativo e da tendência em abordar a interatividade numérica como fenômeno disruptivo. Por último, fundamentado no trabalho do artista mexicano Rafael Lozano-Hemmer, o estudo identifica três modelos de resposta (output) visuais pautados em sistemas presenciais de feedback humano-máquina. ABSTRACT The article proposes a reflection on technological interactivity in contemporary art. To this end, it discusses the ways of incorporating the viewer, focusing on overcoming the dichotomy between passive observer and active interactor and the tendency to address technological interactivity as a disruptive phenomenon. Finally, based on the work of Mexican artist Rafael Lozano-Hemmer, the study identifies three models of visual response (output) based on face-to-face human-machine feedback systems. RESUMEN El artículo propone una reflexión sobre la interactividad tecnológica en el arte contemporáneo. Con este fin, se discurrió sobre los modos de incorporación del espectador, enfocando en la superación de la dicotomía entre observador pasivo e interactor activo y de la tendencia a abordar la interactividad numérica como un fenómeno disruptivo. Por último, basando en el trabajo del artista mexicano Rafael Lozano- Hemmer, la investigación identificó tres modelos de respuesta (output) visuales basados en sistemas presenciales de feedback humano-máquina.

The main aim of this paper is to derive data for labour-augmenting technology (LAT) through growth accounting from a CES production function compatible with the stylized facts of growth. We solve a CES function for its LAT term and insert data. This provides LAT levels for alternative elasticities of substitution for 70 countries, 1950-2017. These LAT data then are analysed in relation to topics in the literature. Results are as follows. (i) The percentage growth rates of LAT are shown to fall over time (productivity slowdown) for all elasticity values in a panel data analysis with slope homogeneity. (ii) The standard growth result of a GDP growth rate equal to that of LAT and labour input holds only for LAT data based on low elasticities of substitution indicating that the economies are not in steady states. (iii) Matching the labour/capital share ratios from CES functions with those of PWT9.1 if the MPL-to-wage ratio is 1.6, the elasticities of substitution vary around 0.8. For this value, (iv) 13 of 69 countries have a productivity slowdown; (v) LAT growth rates are negatively related to their levels ten years ago without strongly changing the coefficient of variation or kernel density distribution over time.

This paper aims to trace the term technology back to its Greek origin, τέχνη. We recognize as its first meaning a mental activity based on knowledge and systematic study which aims to create a technical or a moral work. The present paper argues that the main difference between technology as seen by the classical Greek philosophers and our contemporary technology may lie in the goal that man sets for technology., In diesem Aufsatz wird der Begriff „Technik“ bis zu seinem griechischen Ursprung, τέχνη, zurückverfolgt. Wir erkennen seine erste Bedeutung als eine geistige Aktivität, die auf Wissen und systematischer Erforschung beruht und auf die Schaffung eines technischen oder eines moralischen Werks abzielt. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz wird argumentiert, dass der Hauptunterschied zwischen der Technik, wie sie von den klassischen griechischen Philosophen gesehen wurde, und unserer heutigen Technik, in dem Ziel liegen könnte, welches der Mensch für die Technik setzt.

As 'open' and supposedly inclusive informal learning settings that participants visit out of interest and passion, there has been hope that makerspaces will democratize technology and challenge traditional gender patterns in engineering education. Passion for technology has, however, also been shown to be deeply intertwined with the masculinization of engineering. This article explores how this tension manifests among engineering students and other makers at an 'open' voluntaristically-organized technology makerspace located at the campus of a Swedish university of technology. It draws on a post-structural understanding of gender and Sara Ahmed’s queer phenomenological conceptualization of emotions as 'orienting devices'. Based on ethnographic fieldwork and interviews with makers, we show how passion for technology is articulated as a particularly absorbing emotion that underpins a playful approach to technology and a framing of makers as single-minded and asocial. We demonstrate how passion for technology thereby becomes a homosocial 'glue' that makes technology 'sticky' for only a select group of techno-passionate men. We conclude that this undermines the potential for 'making' to democratize technology and puts into question the degree to which interest-driven, voluntaristic and 'authentic' settings for engaging with technology can contribute to pluralizing engineering.

Within the well-studied Palearctic entomofauna, it is often assumed that the discovery of new species is limited to resolving cryptic species complexes within dark taxa. Herein, we describe a highly distinctive species of Aphanogmus Thomson, 1858 (Hymenoptera: Ceraphronidae) from Germany and provide a COI barcoding sequence for the new species. We present a 3D reconstruction of the holotype based on micro-CT to serve as a cybertype. The females of Aphanogmus kretschmanni Moser sp. nov. are diagnosed by two rows of prominent spines on the ventral edge of the 7th metasomal sternite, a character set that has not previously been found in Hymenoptera. We analyse the functional morphology of the ovipositor mechanism and discuss hypotheses regarding the functional implications of the unique modification of the 7th metasomal sternite. Possible host associations are reviewed and the taxonomic placement of the new species is discussed.

Метою статті є проведення бібліометричного аналізу наукової літератури щодо застосування блокчейн технологій в бухгалтерському обліку за період 2013-2022 рр. на основі використання ряду спеціальних методів та інструментів, що включають в себе Scopus і WoS, VosViewer, Publish or Perish, Google Trends та Google Books Ngram Viewer. За результатами бібліометричного аналізу відповідних релевантних наукових публікацій було сформовано карту взаємозв'язків понять «blockchain» AND «accounting» з іншими категоріями, що дозволило виділити 7 кластерів. За результатами аналізу еволюційно-часового блоку досліджень блокчейн технологій в обліку вдалося виділити декілька основних періодів, протягом яких змінювався основний акцент у цій сфері. Доведено, що саме у 2020-2021 роках інтерес дослідників був спрямований на розгляді блокчейнів як інструментів для роботи з фінансовою та бухгалтерською інформацією. Аналіз просторово-часового виміру бібліометричного аналізу в Україні показав, що публікаційна активність досліджень з питань використання блокчейн технологій в бухгалтерському обліку набула інтенсифікації з другої половини 2021 року. Аналіз за допомогою ресурсів Google Books та Google Trends засвідчив відсутність аналогій в динаміці змін пошукових запитів «blockchain» AND «accounting». Використання інструментарію бібліометричного аналізу дозволило ідентифікувати найбільш релевантні праці за шуканими термінами. Релевантність здебільшого обумовлювалася значимістю наукового доробку та наукового кластеру. Спираючись на ці праці наведено ключові тези, які стануть основою подальших емпіричних досліджень за обраною тематикою. Целью статьи является проведение библиометрического анализа научной литературы по применению блокчейн технологий в бухгалтерском учете за период 2013-2022 гг. на основе использования ряда специальных методов и инструментов, включающих Scopus и WoS, VosViewer, Publish or Perish, Google Trends и Google Books Ngram Viewer. По результатам библиометрического анализа соответствующих релевантных научных публикаций была сформирована карта взаимосвязей понятий "blockchain" AND "accounting" с другими категориями, что позволило выделить 7 кластеров. По результатам анализа эволюционно-временного блока исследований блокчейн технологий в учете удалось выделить несколько основных периодов, в течение которых изменялся основной упор в этой сфере. Доказано, что именно в 2020-2021 гг. интерес исследователей был направлен на рассмотрение блокчейнов как инструментов для работы с финансовой и бухгалтерской информацией. The purpose of the paper is to conduct a bibliometric analysis of scientific literature on the use of blockchain technologies in accounting for the period 2013–2022 based on the use of a number of special methods and tools, including Scopus and WoS, VOSviewer, Publish or Perish, Google Trends, and Google Books Ngram Viewer. Based on the results of the bibliometric analysis of relevant scientific publications, a map of the relationships between the concepts of «blockchain» and «accounting» with other categories was formed, which allowed identifying seven clusters. Based on the results of the analysis of the evolutionary time block of blockchain technology research, it was possible to identify several main periods during which the main accents in this area changed. It has been proven that it was in 2020–2021 that the interest of researchers was directed to considering blockchains as tools for working with financial and accounting information. An analysis of the space-time dimension of bibliometric analysis in Ukraine showed that the publication activity of research on the use of blockchain technologies in accounting has intensified since the second half of 2021. Analysis using Google Books and Google Trends confirmed the absence of analogies in the dynamics of changes in search queries «blockchain» and «accounting». The use of bibliometric analysis tools allowed identifying the most relevant works by the searched terms. Relevance was mostly determined by the significance of the scientific work and the scientific cluster. On the basis of these works, key theses are presented, which will become the basis for further empirical research on the chosen topic.

Research on the impact of the visual design of the user interface of learning management systems (LMS) on learning experience is sparse. The purpose of this study was to conduct a preliminary examination of students’ perceptions of the visual design of their postsecondary institutions’ LMS and their learning experiences using survey methodology (N= 46). Students generally agreed that the course homepages were well organized and that the LMS colours, while deemed moderately to very important, did not enhance learning or increase the ability to remember course content. However, more positive perceptions of the visual appearance of the LMS were associated with greater satisfaction with grades. Expected end of term grade point average was negatively correlated with the degree to which students perceived that colour enhanced their learning. Students reported a greater satisfaction with the contribution of the LMS to learning correlated to the number of school terms they had used an LMS, their LMS proficiency, and their perceptions about the visual appeal of the LMS design. Together, these results suggest that exploring the impact of LMS colour and other dimensions of visual design on student engagement and learning are important and have practical value for LMS developers, instructional designers, and instructors., Les recherches sur l'impact de la conception visuelle de l'interface utilisateur des systèmes de gestion de l'apprentissage (SGA) sur l'expérience d'apprentissage sont rares. Le but de cette étude était d'effectuer un examen préliminaire des perceptions des étudiants à l'égard de la conception visuelle du SGA de leur établissement postsecondaire et de leurs expériences d'apprentissage à l'aide d'une technique d'enquête (N = 46). Les étudiants ont généralement convenu que les pages d'accueil du cours étaient bien organisées et que les couleurs du SGA, bien que considérées comme modérément à très importantes, n'amélioraient pas l'apprentissage ou n'augmentaient pas la capacité de se souvenir du contenu du cours. Cependant, des perceptions plus positives de l'aspect visuel du SGA ont été associées à une plus grande satisfaction à l'égard des notes. La moyenne pondérée cumulative prévue de fin de session était négativement corrélée avec la mesure dans laquelle les étudiants percevaient que la couleur améliorait leur apprentissage. Les étudiants ont déclaré être plus satisfaits de la contribution du SGA à l'apprentissage en corrélation avec le nombre de sessions universitaires qu'ils avaient utilisés un SGA, leur maîtrise du SGA et leurs perceptions de l'attrait visuel de la conception du SGA. Dans l’ensemble, ces résultats suggèrent que l'exploration de l'impact de la couleur du SGA et d'autres dimensions de la conception visuelle sur l'engagement et l'apprentissage des étudiants est importante et a une valeur pratique pour les développeurs de SGA, les concepteurs pédagogiques et les instructeurs.

Life on Earth depends on the conversion of solar energy to chemical energy by plants through photosynthesis. A fundamental challenge in optimizing photosynthesis is to adjust leaf angles to efficiently use the intercepted sunlight under the constraints of heat stress, water loss and competition. Despite the importance of leaf angle, until recently, we have lacked data and frameworks to describe and predict leaf angle dynamics and their impacts on leaves to the globe. We review the role of leaf angle in studies of ecophysiology, ecosystem ecology and earth system science, and highlight the essential yet understudied role of leaf angle as an ecological strategy to regulate plant carbon-water-energy nexus and to bridge leaf, canopy and earth system processes. Using two models, we show that leaf angle variations have significant impacts on not only canopy-scale photosynthesis, energy balance and water use efficiency but also light competition within the forest canopy. New techniques to measure leaf angles are emerging, opening opportunities to understand the rarely-measured intraspecific, interspecific, seasonal and interannual variations of leaf angles and their implications to plant biology and earth system science. We conclude by proposing three directions for future research.

This article engages the question how police departments internally delegitimize the use of private sector technology vis-a-vis democratic considerations. Specifically, it retraces argumentation around the discontinuation of commercial predictive policing software and the alternative development of in-house tools. Conceptually, the analysis builds on the notion of digital sovereignty that has more recently become a popular analytical trope vis-a-vis public-private partnerships/public sector procurement and the question which technologies and services state agencies should keep under their own control in order to avoid dependencies on external suppliers and ensure functionality even in times of crisis and/or breakdown. Importantly, digital sovereignty allows us to study the complex and multi-faceted power relations between the police, private sector technology suppliers, and the public. The analysis identifies three key facets of digital sovereignty around which police concerns regarding the use of private sector technology revolve: (1) the control over data; (2) skepticism towards black boxes; and (3) accountability requirements towards the general public., Democratization, ISSN:1351-0347, ISSN:1743-890X

Background. Peri-implant diseases are emerging issues in contemporary implant dentistry. As biofilms play a critical role in peri-implant diseases, the characteristic of resisting bacterial adhesion would be ideal for dental implants. The aims of the study were to compare titanium (Ti) and zirconia (Zr) implants regarding the amount of biofilm formation at different time frames and assess the distribution of biofilm on different aspects of dental implants. Methods. Biofilm was developed on Ti and Zr dental implants with a peri-implant-related multispecies model with Streptococcus oralis, Actinomyces naeslundii, Veillonella dispar, and Porphyromonas gingivalis, for 3 and 14 days. Quantitative assessment was performed with the measurement of total bacterial viability (colony forming units, CFU/mg). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was used to evaluate biofilm formation on different aspects of the implants. Results. Three-day-old biofilm on Ti implants was significantly higher than that on Zr implants ( p < 0.001 ). The Ti and Zr groups were not significantly different for 14-day-old biofilm. SEM images demonstrated that 3-day-old biofilm on Zr implants was sparse while biofilm growth was more pronounced for 3-day-old biofilm on Ti implants and 14-day-old biofilm groups. It appeared that less biofilm formed on the valley compared to the thread top for 3-day-old biofilm on Zr implants. Differences between the valley and the thread top became indistinguishable with the development of mature biofilm. Conclusion. While early formed biofilms show greater accumulation on Ti implants compared to Zr implants, older biofilms between the two groups are comparable. The distribution of biofilms was not uniform on different areas of implant threads during early biofilm development.

This study examined virtual learning acceptance among Higher Learning Institutions' lecturers using the UTAUT theory approach, notably the Institute of Accountancy Arusha and the Institute of Finance Management. A descriptive research design was used in this study, and a convenient sampling technique was employed. Both primary and secondary data were used in the data collection exercise. The data collected was processed and analysed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences. Findings revealed that performance expectancy, effort expectancy, and social influence positively affect behavioural intention. HLI's lecturers accept virtual learning. The results revealed that facilitating conditions positively affect user behaviour to accept virtual learning. The findings of this study showed that behavioural intention positively affects user behaviour when taking virtual learning. This study recommends that future studies be designed to compare and contrast the predictive power of the different competing theories, such as the theory of planned behaviour, the technology acceptance model, the theory of reasoned action, and the diffusion of innovation theory.

Het gebruik van technologie in de zorg kan bijdragen aan participatie, levensgemak, autonomie, positief zelfconcept en welzijn van mensen met een verstandelijke beperking. In dit artikel wordt vanuit verschillende wetenschappelijke studies een overzicht gegeven over de inzet van technologie in de zorg en aandachtspunten hierbij. Technologie kan worden gebruikt in het dagelijks leven voor het bevorderen van fysiek welzijn en voor het ondersteunen van adaptieve, cognitieve en sociale vaardigheden. Ook bij meer complexe orthopedagogische vraagstukken zoals interventies voor moeilijk verstaanbaar gedrag kan technologie ondersteunend zijn. Daarnaast kunnen computer-leerspellen (serious games) en apps worden ingezet voor het overdragen van kennis aan ouders en begeleiders. Uit toegepast onderzoek blijken er belangrijke aandachtspunten te zijn voor het gebruik van technologie in de zorg, zoals het omgaan met privacygevoelige data, het ontwikkelen van applicaties samen met de doelgroep en bieden van ondersteuning in het gebruik van technologie.

Het gebruik van technologie in de zorg kan bijdragen aan participatie, levensgemak, autonomie, positief zelfconcept en welzijn van mensen met een verstandelijke beperking. In dit artikel wordt vanuit verschillende wetenschappelijke studies een overzicht gegeven over de inzet van technologie in de zorg en aandachtspunten hierbij. Technologie kan worden gebruikt in het dagelijks leven voor het bevorderen van fysiek welzijn en voor het ondersteunen van adaptieve, cognitieve en sociale vaardigheden. Ook bij meer complexe orthopedagogische vraagstukken zoals interventies voor moeilijk verstaanbaar gedrag kan technologie ondersteunend zijn. Daarnaast kunnen computer-leerspellen (serious games) en apps worden ingezet voor het overdragen van kennis aan ouders en begeleiders. Uit toegepast onderzoek blijken er belangrijke aandachtspunten te zijn voor het gebruik van technologie in de zorg, zoals het omgaan met privacygevoelige data, het ontwikkelen van applicaties samen met de doelgroep en bieden van ondersteuning in het gebruik van technologie.

This paper first introduces a humanities–science fusion initiative (i.e., lectures on Science, Technology, and Innovation policy, and a case study course on public policies made up of various kinds of expertise) in which I have been engaged at the Hokkaido University Public Policy School. Subsequently, the STI governance structure, the risk assessment/management, and the communication connecting science and politics are discussed to illustrate the significance of trans-disciplinary respectful cooperation. Moreover, I assess the prospects of public policy (studies) in the post-COVID-19 period, after reviewing the history of international development since the United Nations Development Decade in the 1960s, which consequently led to SDGs (Sustainable Development Goals), as well as the trans-disciplinary trials and errors needed to achieve them. When policy resources are not very abundant, the importance of political decisions (i.e., proper prioritization) and specialized planning (i.e., efficient and effective implementation) involving various stakeholders cannot be stressed enough, and there is a need for global and trans-disciplinary knowledge stocking and sharing to achieve SDGs. Ambitious SDGs that set and share common major aims will hopefully lead to collaboration, which will in turn give rise to the creation of multi-level partnerships. Universities can contribute to such collaboration through their diligent and steady education and research.

Chemical energy carriers produced according to power-to-X concepts will play a crucial role in the future energy system. Here, CO$_{2}$ methanation is described as one promising route. However, transient operating conditions and the resulting effects on catalyst stability are to be considered. In this contribution, a tap reactor for spatially and temporally resolved analysis of the methanation reaction is presented. The Ni catalyst investigated was implemented as coating. Reaction data as a function of time and reactor coordinate under various operating conditions are presented and discussed. A comparison with simulation data validates the presented tap reactor concept.

This paper attempts to clarify the realities and problems of the sporting body posed by the Tokyo Olympics and Paralympics. In today's society, which demands diversity, various light and shadows such as race, refugees, and doping are visible and hidden in the sports world.

Стаття присвячена дослідженню проблем управління інноваційними технологіями. З метою вивчення процесу розро-блення та накопичення інноваційних технологічних знань здійснено ендогенний аналіз розподілу економічних факторів у різ-них секторах економіки, зокрема секторі досліджень і розробок. Методологія дослідження базується на підході системної динаміки, який дає змогу системно вивчати динаміку складних економічних і соціальних проблем, враховуючи інформаційні та матеріальні затримки, а також петлі зворотних зв’язків та ендогенні причинно-наслідкові співвідношення. Побудовано комп’ютерну імітаційну модель для опису динаміки інноваційних технологій, проведено аналіз чутливості економічних змін-них системи на зміну різних параметрів, що визначають економічне зростання та темпи росту технологічних інновацій. Управління інноваційними процесами включає методи обробки інформації, прийняття ефективних рішень, генерування інно-ваційних ідей, розроблення ефективних послідовностей, створення нових продуктів, запровадження сучасних засобів впливу на споживачів. Більшість з них розробляються у науково-дослідницьких секторах економіки поряд з неперервним процесом накопичення знань, що отримуються в результаті емпіричних досліджень та практичного досвіду підприємців і менеджерів. Результати моделювання засвідчують, що управлінські рішення реагують на зміну параметрів, які зазнають непередбачу-ваних шоків, але динаміка технологічного зростання не залежить від початкових умов системи за умови запровадження ефективної політики публічного управління. Відтак, інноваційні технології отримуються як один із видів знань у секторі досліджень та розробок і використовуються всіма економічними агентами, включаючи державу та бізнес, а конкурентні ринкові сили не можуть повністю контролювати процеси розповсюдження та виробництва знань, які створюють інно-ваційні технології. Характер розвитку інноваційних технологій особливо важливий сьогодні, у ситуації невизначеності та високого ризику, проблем та викликів, які ми спостерігаємо під час війни в Україні. The article focused on the innovative technologies management problems investigation. The endogenous distribution of economic factors for research and development sectors have been evaluated in order to study the accumulation process of innovation and technologies. The research methodology is based on the system dynamics approach that gives the advantage to delve in dynamic problems for complex economic and social issues taking into account information and material delays as well as feedback and endogenous causality. The computer simulation model has been built to describe the dynamic of innovative technologies a-nd to perform the sensitivity analysis in order to investigate how change in different parameter of system affect the economic growth and its dynamic properties. The simulation results confirm that management policy decisions can change dramatically if parameters are influenced by unpredictable shocks but the behavior of technological growth does not depend on initial conditions of system if an effective management policy has been provided.

The economics literature emphasizes the importance of the elasticity of substitution between capital and labour in several economic contexts. However, analyses of the effect of the elasticity of substitution on the direction of technological change are often overlooked. Most assessments of the direction of technological change rely on a Constant Elasticity of Substitution (CES) production framework. This strand of empirical work considers the elasticity of substitution between capital and labour as a deep and fixed parameter. In this article, we show that the change in the elasticity of substitution that has occurred in recent decades might be an alternative source of change of factor income shares in addition to changes in factor-augmenting technological change. We construct a theoretical environment in which the elasticity of substitution is determined endogenously by the capital share and capital intensity. Rolling window estimates and non-linear estimation methods show that the elasticity of substitution in nine OECD economies observed between 1950 and 2017 was not constant and that, in fact, in the latter half of the 1970s, the elasticity of substitution increased, in the presence of labour-augmenting technical change.

Oxide supports play an important role in enhancing the catalytic properties of transition metal nanoparticles in heterogeneous catalysis. How extensively interactions between the oxide support and the nanoparticles impact the electronic structure as well as the surface properties of the nanoparticles is hence of high interest. In this study, the influence of a magnesium oxide support on the properties of copper nanoparticles with different size, shape, and adsorption sites is investigated using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. By proposing simple models to reduce the cost of the calculations while maintaining the accuracy of the results, we show using the nonreducible oxide support MgO as an example that there is no significant influence of the MgO support on the electronic structure of the copper nanoparticles, with the exception of adsorption directly at the Cu–MgO interface. We also propose a simplified methodology that allows us to reduce the cost of the calculations, while the accuracy of the results is maintained. We demonstrate in addition that the Cu nanowire model corresponds well to the nanoparticle model, which reduces the computational cost even further.

Heterogeneous agglomeration (HA) is a very potential technology for coal-fired flue gas treatment. In this paper, the distribution and migration mechanisms of trace elements (TEs) such as Se, As and Pb in CFPPs were studied on a 30,000 m

We describe an architecture for organizing, integrating and sharing neurophysiology data within a single laboratory or across a group of collaborators. It comprises a database linking data files to metadata and electronic laboratory notes; a module collecting data from multiple laboratories into one location; a protocol for searching and sharing data and a module for automatic analyses that populates a website. These modules can be used together or individually, by single laboratories or worldwide collaborations.

Cancer cells deploy several glucose transport protein (GLUT) channels on the cell membranes to increase glucose uptake. Cancer cells die within 24 h in the absence of glucose. Thus, preventing the deployment of GLUT channels can deprive them of glucose, resulting in apoptosis within 24 h. Herein, we developed the

Aim: Characterize use and efficacy/effectiveness of virtual, augmented, or mixed reality (VR/AR/MR) technology as non-pharmacological therapy for chronic pain. Methods: Systematic search of 12 databases to identify empirical studies, of individuals who experience chronic pain or illness involving chronic pain, published between 1990 and 2021. JBI Critical Appraisal Checklists assessed study bias and a narrative synthesis was provided. Results: 46 studies, investigating a total of 1456 participants and including 19 randomized controlled trials (RCT), were reviewed. VR/AR/MR was associated with improved pain-related outcomes in 78% of the RCTs. Conclusion: While most studies showed effects immediately or up to one month post treatment, RCTs are needed to further evaluate VR/AR/MR, establish long-term benefits, and assess accessibility, especially among individuals who experience pain management disparities.

Background Timely multidisciplinary communication is crucial to prevent patient harm related to miscommunication of clinical information. Many health care organizations provide secure communications systems; however, clinicians often use unapproved platforms on personal devices to communicate asynchronously. Objective The aim of the study is to assess clinical communication behaviors by clinicians in a hospital setting. Methods Medical, nursing and allied health staff working across seven hospital sites of a large health care organization were invited to complete an anonymous survey on the methods, behaviors, and rationale for clinical communication technology use. The survey included questions on communication methods used by clinicians for intra- and inter-disciplinary communication and sending and receiving clinical information or images. Demographics and qualitative comments were also collected. Results A total of 836 surveys were completed (299 medical, 317 nursing, and 220 allied health staff). Staff in all clinical groups reported using an unapproved messaging platform to communicate patient information more than three times per day (medical staff n = 167, 55.9%; nursing staff n = 106, 33.4%; allied health staff n = 67, 30.5%). Not one medical staff member indicated they only use the approved methods (n = 0, 0%) while one-third of nursing and allied health respondents only used approved methods (n = 118, 37.2% and n = 64, 29.1%, respectively). All clinician groups reported wasted time from communications sent with missing information, or time spent waiting for responses for further information. Qualitative comments expressed dissatisfaction and frustration with current clinical communication methods and a desire for improved systems. Conclusion Workarounds are being used by all clinician groups to send text and image clinical communications. There are high levels of dissatisfaction with this situation and clinicians are keen for consistency and to have the right tools available. There is a need to ensure standardized clinical communication methods and approved digital platforms are in place and utilized to provide safe, high-quality patient care.

Over 40% of children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) experience difficulty in using speech to meet their daily communication needs. Although augmentative and alternative communication (AAC) can be of benefit, the AAC intervention must support beginning communicators in the early social interactions that provide the foundation for more sophisticated communication skills. An AAC video visual scene display approach uses an AAC app (provided on a tablet computer), including videos based on the interests of the child and infused with AAC supports, to provide opportunities for social interaction and communication between the child and the communication partner. The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of video visual scene display technology on the communicative turns taken by three preschoolers with ASD and complex communication needs during a high-interest, shared activity (i.e., watching videos). All three participants demonstrated a large increase in the number of communicative turns taken with their partner (Tau-U of 1.00) following the introduction of the video VSD app. The results provide evidence that a video VSD approach may be a promising intervention to increase participation in communication opportunities for young children with ASD.

The review of equipment for processing and technology of processing melons and gourds is given. Primary processing of gourds has not been industrialized in the CIS countries and abroad until recent years. Theoretical prerequisites for the creation of products based on melon are presented, the issues of rational use of melon for the production of long-term storage products are highlighted. The main physical-mechanical and rheological properties of pumpkin, melon and watermelon fruits are given. The proposed options for equipment and technological lines for the processing of watermelon, melon, pumpkin fruits are presented. The technologies for processing the fruits of watermelon and melon are described. The object of research: Melons and gourds, namely processing technology Investigated problem: Imperfect technologies for processing melon fruits. The main scientific results: systematization of data on the problem of processing melon fruits for food in order to choose a rational way to improve processing technologies. The area of practical use of the research results: The bottom line is the developed technologies Innovative technological product: technology for processing gourds. Scope of the technological innovative product: food industry (Food production).

Theaimof the work was to develop a technology for obtaining dry extracts from leaves of non-pharmacopoeia species of hawthorn and establishing their chemical profiles. Materials and methods.Leaves of Crataegus mollis Sarg., Crataegus submollis Sarg. and Crataegus arnoldiana Sarg., used to obtain the dry extracts, were harvested in the Botanical Garden of the National University named after M. N. Karazina in August 2021. To determine the chemical profiles of the obtained dry extracts, the spectrophotometric method and the high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method were used. Results.A technological scheme for obtaining dry extracts of hawthorn leaves has been developed. The content of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in dry extracts of the leaves of C. mollis Sarg., C. submollis Sarg. and C. arnoldiana Sarg. was determined. The content of free amino acids in extracts ranges from 0.70 % to 0.99 %. The content of flavonoids ranged from 7.25 %±0.04 to 8.43 %±0.01, of hydroxycinnamic acids - from 2.35 %±0.02 to 2.85 %±0.03. Rutin, kaempferol-3-O-glycoside, epicatechin and chlorogenic acid were identified in all extracts by the HPLC method. In dry leaf extracts of C. arnoldiana Sarg. and C. mollis identified p-coumaric acid; C. arnoldiana Sarg. – quercetin; C. arnoldiana Sarg. and C. submollis Sarg. – ferulic acid; C. submollis Sarg. and C. mollis Sarg. – quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside. Conclusions. Dry leaf extracts of C. mollis Sarg., C. submollis Sarg. and C. arnoldiana Sarg. were obtained. For the first time, the content of flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acids in the extracts was determined by HPLC. It was established that the chemical profile of the obtained extracts is formed by rutin, chlorogenic acid and kaempferol-3-O-glycoside, which can be used in further standardization of these substances. In addition, a comparative study of the amino acid composition of the obtained extracts was carried out for the first time

The evolution of electronics has largely relied on downscaling to meet the continuous needs for faster and highly integrated devices(1). As the channel length is reduced, however, classic electronic devices face fundamental issues that hinder exploiting materials to their full potential and, ultimately, further miniaturization(2). For example, the carrier injection through tunnelling junctions dominates the channel resistance(3), whereas the high parasitic capacitances drastically limit the maximum operating frequency(4). In addition, these ultra-scaled devices can only hold a few volts due to the extremely high electric fields, which limits their maximum delivered power(5,6). Here we challenge such traditional limitations and propose the concept of electronic metadevices, in which the microscopic manipulation of radiofrequency fields results in extraordinary electronic properties. The devices operate on the basis of electrostatic control of collective electromagnetic interactions at deep subwavelength scales, as an alternative to controlling the flow of electrons in traditional devices, such as diodes and transistors. This enables a new class of electronic devices with cutoff frequency figure-of-merit well beyond ten terahertz, record high conductance values, extremely high breakdown voltages and picosecond switching speeds. This work sets the stage for the next generation of ultrafast semiconductor devices and presents a new paradigm that potentially bridges the gap between electronics and optics.