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Additional file 1: Figure S1. Effects of the activation of CRHPVN neurons on spleen-derived lymphocytes. (A, B) Representative flow cytometric dot plots (A-i, B-i) and quantitative analyses of CD4+ T cells (A-ii), CD8+ T cells (A-iii), NK cells (B-ii) and NKT cells (B-iii) derived from spleen of tumor-bearing WT/hM3Dq or CRH-Cre/hM3Dq mice. Each point represents the mean ± S.E.M. (n = 16). (C) Quantitative PCR analysis for granzyme B (C-i), perforin (C-ii), and IFN-γ (C-iii) mRNA expression in NK cells derived from spleen of WT/hM3Dq or CRH-Cre/hM3Dq mice. Each point represents the mean ± S.E.M. Unpaired t-test: *p < 0.05 vs. WT/hM3Dq mice (n = 16).

Additional file 1: Table S1. Details of RT-qPCR primer.

Additional file 2: Table S1. Primers sequences used for real-time qPCR.

The double differential cross sections (DDXs) of neutron production by 135 and 180 MeV protons were measured to obtain benchmark data for calculating neutron doses in proton therapy. The incident proton energies correspond to those of protons decelerating in a patient. An A-150 tissue-equivalent plastic was used as the target. The measured DDXs were compared with those calculated using PHITS, FLUKA, and Geant4. The calculated DDXs were found to be underestimated compared with the measured ones, especially at forward angles. In proton therapy, exposure evaluations using one of these simulation codes would underestimate the neutron dose.

Additional file 1: Supplemental Table. Factors related to high ERI (≥11.31) in CKD patients on multivariate logistic regression analysis for generating propensity score.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Distribution of SGTA in HD16Q and HD16Q-NLS cells. Figure S2. BAG6 in brains of an HD model mouse and human polyglutamine diseases. Figure S3. SGTA in PD brain. Figure S4. SGTA in motor neurons in ALS spinal cords. Figure S5. Immunoprecipitation of tNhtt-polyQ proteins.Figure S6. HD150Q cells transfected with LacZ, SGTA, or Hdj1.

Additional file 1: Table S1. Details of RT-qPCR primer.

In the field of chemistry, there have been many attempts to predict the properties of unknown compounds from statistical models constructed using machine learning. In an area where many known compounds are present (the interpolation area), an accurate model can be constructed. In contrast, data in areas where there are no known compounds (the extrapolation area) are generally difficult to predict. However, in the development of new materials, it is desirable to search this extrapolation area and discover compounds with unprecedented physical properties. In this paper, we propose Stochastic Threshold Model Trees (STMT), an extrapolation method that reflects the trend of the data, while maintaining the accuracy of conventional interpolation methods. The behavior of STMT is confirmed through experiments using both artificial and real data. In the case of the real data, although there is no significant overall improvement in accuracy, there is one compound for which the prediction accuracy is notably improved, suggesting that STMT reflects the data trends in the extrapolation area. We believe that the proposed method will contribute to more efficient searches in situations such as new material development., Comment: Code is available at https://github.com/funatsu-lab/Stochastic-Threshold-Model-Trees

Additional file 1. The supplementary material containing detail descriptor calculations, hyper-parameters of models, and feature importance outputs.

著者人数: 24名, Accepted: 2016-11-03, 資料番号: SA1170074000

Additional file 1. Summary of disassembly calculation for each map. Detailed explanation of disassembly calculation for each pathway map.

著者人数: 37名, 資料番号: SA1004515000

Primary hepatic neuroendocrine tumors (PHNETs) are extremely rare neoplasms. Herein, we report a case of a 70- year-old man with a hepatic mass. The non-contrast computed tomography (CT) image showed a low-density mass, and dynamic CT images indicated the enhancement of the mass in the arterial phase and early washout in the late phase. F-18 fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and fused PET/CT images showed increased uptake in the hepatic mass. Whole-body 18F-FDG PET images showed no abnormal activity except for the liver lesion. Presence of an extrahepatic tumor was also ruled out by performing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, total colonoscopy, and chest and abdominal CT. A posterior segmentectomy was performed, and histologic examination confirmed a neuroendocrine tumor (grade 1). The patient was followed up for about 2 years after the resection, and no extrahepatic lesions were radiologically found. Therefore, the patient was diagnosed with PHNET. To the best of our knowledge, no previous case of PHNET have been detected by 18F-FDG PET imaging.

【目的】実験心理学を基盤とする行動薬理学を学ぶために2012年10月から3ヶ月間,米国ミシガン大学医学部薬理学講座のJames H. Woods教授の研究室に滞在して,いくつかの知見を得た.【方法】滞在中,米国心理学会から発行された「行動分析」にWoods教授が執筆した「行動薬理学」を基に米国における行動分析を学んだ.また,Woods教授ならびに薬理学講座の研究者と直接あるいはセミナーやミーティングなどで議論することで理解を深めた.【結果ならびに考察】実験心理学を基盤とする行動薬理学とは,従来私が理解していた主に分子機構に基づいた神経科学的なものではなく,行動の変容から薬物の作用機序を考察するものであった.古典的な考え方ともいえるが,薬物の持つ薬理作用の本質をついているとも言え,私にとって新しい発見となった.【結論】実験心理学を基盤とする米国流行動薬理学の基本的な考え方を修得できた., I have studied abroad to learn about "Behavioral Pharmacology" at Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, the University of Michigan, from October to December in 2012. During staying at the University of Michigan, I could learn about "Behavior Analysis", especially "Behavioral Pharmacology" in Prof. James H. Woods's laboratory. During my visiting Prof. Woods's laboratory, I tried to organize my thoughts about "Behavioral Pharmacology" with reading Chapter 23 written by Prof. Woods and his collaborator. I also learn about it by attending some lectures, seminars, and meetings, in addition to discussions with Prof. Woods or his colleagues. I have learned some new concepts or ideas of "Behavioral Pharmacology". Especially, I could learn about some idea how I consider the mechanism of behavioral changes induced by drugs or diseases. In addition, I could learn about the importance of the stimulus effects of drugs, as I didn't know much about the stimulus effects of drugs without considering about the molecular basis of drugs-induced behaviors.

著者人数: 37名, Accepted: 2016-02-20, 資料番号: SA1160092000

Endoscopic vein harvest in preparation for coronary artery bypass surgery has become a preferred method of procuring saphenous vein. Several case reports have documented carbon dioxide (CO2) embolization with this procedure as well as CO2 embolization during other laparoscopic surgeries (Markar et al., 2010). Although uncommon, the potential for CO2 entrainment through an open vein or through absorption by vascular structures exists and should be recognized (Lin et al., 2003). We report a case of CO2 embolization during EVH for a 77-year-old patient who underwent CABG that was identified early by the cardiac surgeon through the indirect auscultation of a mill-wheel murmur after the pericardium was opened. This may be the first reported case of a murmur related to air emboli identified without the use of a precordial Doppler probe or a stethoscope. This diagnosis was further supported by TEE before systemic hypotension or cardiovascular collapse occurred.

【目的】一酸化窒素(NO)は学習・記憶に何らかの関与をしていることが考えられているものの,詳細な分子機序は充分に解明されていない.そこで,学習・記憶の形成過程におけるNOの果たす役割について明らかにする目的で行動科学実験を行った.【方法】ラットの明暗弁別学習課題を用いて,NO合成酵素阻害薬であるNω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester(L-NAME)投与の影響を検討した.【結果】L-NAME(30 mg/kg, i.p.)を学習課題終了直後に投与すると,非活性型光学異性体D-NAMEに比べ,有意に学習成績を低下させた.また,記憶に関連の深い海馬におけるNO濃度が有意に低下していた.【考察】ラットの明暗弁別学習獲得過程に少なくとも海馬におけるNOが関与していることが示唆された.【結論】NOはラットの弁別学習の獲得ならびに記憶の固定に重要な役割を果たしているものと考えられた., Nitric oxide (NO) is considered to be a possible retrograde messenger involved in synaptic plasticity such as long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD). The role of NO in LTP and / or LTD has suggested that NO may also play a role in the process of learning and memory. We examined the effects of Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) on discrimination learning behavior. L-NAME is one of the major drugs with a non-selective inhibitory effect on NO synthase (NOS). In the present study, treatment with L-NAME (30 mg/kg, i.p.), but not D-NAME (30 mg/kg, i.p.), an inert isomer of L-NAME, significantly reduced the averaged discrimination ratios for the last 6-session block. In contrast, the overall response rate was markedly increased by both L-NAME and D-NAME treatment, but the effect was not significant. These findings suggest that L-NAME influences the process of memory formation in discrimination learning and that NO may play an important role in discrimination learning behavior, particularly at the acquisition and consolidation stage of memory formation.

大気球シンポジウム 平成22年度(2010年9月1日-10月1日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Balloon Symposium 2010 (September 30-October 1, 2010. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 28人, Number of authors: 28, 資料番号: AA0065074031

大気球シンポジウム 平成22年度(2010年9月1日-10月1日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究所), 相模原市, 神奈川県, Balloon Symposium 2010 (September 30-October 1, 2010. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency(JAXA)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 27人, Number of authors: 27, 資料番号: AA0065074030

This study describes measurements on secondary particles produced by a 290 MeV/n Spread Out Bragg Peak (SOBP) carbon beam. Microdosimetric distributions of secondary fragments from the SOBP carbon beam have been measured by using a new tissue equivalent proportional counter (TEPC) system at the Heavy Ion Medical Accelerator in Chiba of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences. The new TEPC system consists of a TEPC, two solid-state detectors (SSD) and a scintillation counter (FSC:forward scintillation counter).The SSDs and FSC can separately identfy charged fragments and secondary neutrons produced by the incident carbon ions. Microdosimetric distributions were measured for secondary particles including neutrons produced by a body-simulated phantom consisting of various PMMA plates (Thickness: 0,34.81,55.2,60.95,64.83,95.03,114.79,124.69,135.2 and 144.98mm, respectively)to cover the SOBP(at 60-125mm depth). The new system can separately determine produced fragments from the incident SOBP carbon beam in a body-simulated phantom.

大気球シンポジウム 平成21年度 (2009年10月1-2日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部), 相模原, 神奈川, Balloon Symposium 2008 (October 1-2, 2009. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 27人, Number of authors: 27, 資料番号: AA0064736016

大気球シンポジウム 平成21年度 (2009年10月1-2日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部), 相模原, 神奈川, Balloon Symposium 2008 (October 1-2, 2009. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 28人, Number of authors: 28, 資料番号: AA0064736018

大気球シンポジウム 平成21年度 (2009年10月1-2日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部), 相模原, 神奈川, Balloon Symposium 2008 (October 1-2, 2009. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 27人, Number of authors: 27, 資料番号: AA0064736015

大気球シンポジウム 平成20年度 (2008年9月25-26日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部), Balloon Symposium 2008 (September 25-26, 2008. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 25人, Number of authors: 25, 資料番号: AA0064735023

大気球シンポジウム 平成20年度 (2008年9月25-26日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部), Balloon Symposium 2008 (September 25-26, 2008. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 26人, Number of authors: 26, 資料番号: AA0064735021

大気球シンポジウム 平成20年度 (2008年9月25-26日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部), Balloon Symposium 2008 (September 25-26, 2008. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 27人, Number of authors: 27, 資料番号: AA0064735022

大気球シンポジウム 平成19年度（2007年12月13-14日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2007 (December 13-14, 2007. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 28名, 資料番号: SA6000089032

大気球シンポジウム 平成18年度（2007年1月15-16日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2006 (January 15-16, 2007. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 29名, 資料番号: SA6000090042

大気球シンポジウム 平成18年度（2007年1月15-16日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2006 (January 15-16, 2007. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 29名, 資料番号: SA6000090043

大気球シンポジウム 平成18年度（2007年1月15-16日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2006 (January 15-16, 2007. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 29名, 資料番号: SA6000090044

大気球シンポジウム 平成17年度（2006年1月23-24日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2005 (January 23-24, 2006. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 28名, 資料番号: SA6000068044

大気球シンポジウム 平成17年度（2006年1月23-24日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2005 (January 23-24, 2006. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 28名, 資料番号: SA6000068043

大気球シンポジウム 平成17年度（2006年1月23-24日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2005 (January 23-24, 2006. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 23名, 資料番号: SA6000068045

著者人数: 24名, Accepted: 2005-11-15, 資料番号: SA1003546000

To elucidate whether there is significant compatibility of HLA class I antigens between spouses of unexplained recurrent abortion in the Japanese population, HLA-A and -B antigens were determined by a microcytotoxicity method in 122 patient couples with unexplained recurrent abortion and in 60 normal fertile couples. The 122 patients were divided into primary recurrent aborters and secondary recurrent aborters. They were also divided according to positivity of the MLR (mixed lymphocyte culture reaction)- blocking antibodies (MLR-BAbs). The numbers of incompatible antigens in those couples with unexplained recurrent abortion were determined and compared with those in the control couples. The mean numbers of incompatible HLA-A and -B antigens in couples with recurrent aborters (n=122), and control couples (60) were 2.67±0.97, and 2.83±0.93, respectively, indicating no significant different. The mean numbers of incompatible HLA-A and -B antigens in couples with primary recurrent aborters (n=106) and secondary recurrent aborters (n=16) were 2.68±0.98, and 2.63±1.02, respectively. These numbers were not significantly different compared with those in the control couples. Those in couples with negative MLR-BAbs (n=105) and with positive MLR-BAbs (n=17) were 2.70±0.66 and 2.53±1.07, respectively, values which were also not significantly different compared with those in the normal control couples. These findings suggest that the compatibility of HLA-A and -B antigens between couples is not involved in the genesis of unexplained recurrent abortions in the Japanese population.

大気球シンポジウム 平成16年度（2004年12月2-3日. 宇宙航空研究開発機構宇宙科学研究本部 (JAXA)(ISAS)）, 相模原市, 神奈川県), Balloon Symposium 2004 (December 2-3, 2004. Institute of Space and Astronautical Science, Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA)(ISAS)), Sagamihara, Kanagawa Japan, 著者人数: 31名, 資料番号: SA6000091044

著者人数: 35名, Accepted: 2003-10-10, 資料番号: SA1003543000

著者人数: 49名, Accepted: 2003-08-14, 資料番号: SA1003542000