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[EN] Previous research in customer-brand relationships has found brand disidentification as one of the reasons for customers turning against brands. However, there is not much clarity on the antecedents of brand disidentification. Aligning with the balance theory, this research argues that self-incongruence and positive/negative emotions with the brand are related to brand disidentification. Taking the sample of 292 observations and using structural equation modeling (SEM), it was found that self-incongruence is the main driver of customer-brand disidentification (CBD). Similarly, perceived quality was found to be related to CBD for low level of self-incongruence. Based on our survey prompt, which asked respondents to consider brands that they have previously purchased and utilized but no longer use because they no longer align with their current identity, our data analysis suggests that the process of CBD occurs over time. Additionally, we find that CBD is not only associated with negative emotions but also encompasses positive emotions. [ES] Investigaciones previas sobre las relaciones consumidor-marca han encontrado que la desidentificación es una de las razones por las que los consumidores se vuelven contra las marcas; sin embargo, los antecedentes de la desidentificación de marca no están claros. Basándose en la teoría del equilibrio, esta investigación argumenta que la auto-incongruencia y las emociones positivas/negativas hacia la marca provocan la desidentificación de la marca. Tomando una muestra de 292 observaciones y utilizando un modelo de ecuaciones estructurales, se encontró que la auto-incongruencia es el principal impulsor de la Desidentificación Consumidor-Marca. Igualmente, se encontró que la calidad percibida influye en la Desidentificación Consumidor-Marca en el nivel más bajo de auto-incongruencia. Los resultados obtenidos de este estudio evidencian que la Desidentificación Consumidor-Marca no está relacionado a un evento en particular, sino que es un proceso continuo de desconexión con la marca donde también intervienen emociones positivas.

Power electronic interfaced devices progressively enable the increasing provision of flexible operational actions in distribution networks. The feasible flexibility these devices can effectively provide requires estimation and quantification so the network operators can plan operations close to real-time. Existing approaches estimating the distribution network flexibility require the full observability of the system, meaning topological and state knowledge. However, the assumption of full observability is unrealistic and represents a barrier to system operators' adaptation. This paper proposes a definition of the distribution network flexibility problem that considers the limited observability in real-time operation. A critical review and assessment of the most prominent approaches are done based on the proposed definition. This assessment showcases the limitations and benefits of existing approaches for estimating flexibility with low observability. A case study on the CIGRE MV distribution system highlights the drawbacks brought by low observability., This paper has been accepted to the IEEE Belgrade Powertech 2023. It has 6 pages, 4 figures, and 2 tables

ilustraciones, fotografías a color, gráficas El bioensayo de carcinogénesis en roedores a 2-años (RCB), todavía es el estándar de oro preclínico para predecir la carcinogenicidad innata para los humanos de las sustancias. Desde hace 40 años, el RCB es un requisito preclínico del que depende la aprobación gubernamental de la comercialización de una diversidad de sustancias, incluyendo (1) aditivos alimentarios; (2) principios activos de plaguicidas; (3) fármacos de uso crónico en humanos, y (4) fármacos de uso en animales productores de alimentos. Por su antigüedad, y por la necesidad que había en aquella época de implementar con urgencia pruebas preclínicas de toxicidad, el RCB se adoptó sin conocimiento empírico acerca de su desempeño predictivo. No obstante, aún se desconoce exactamente cuál es la sensibilidad y especificidad del RCB hacia los carcinógenos de humanos. Esta tesis doctoral es el producto de una investigación teórica basada en datos experimentales publicados en la literatura. En tal sentido, esta tesis se planteó las siguientes preguntas de investigación. Uno, ¿Cuál es la sensibilidad (SEN) y especificidad (SPEC) del RCB hacia los carcinógenos de humanos? Dos, considerando que la toxicología preclínica tiene un carácter y fines predictivos, ¿Cuál es la probabilidad cuantitativa de que carezcan de carcinogenicidad innata para los humanos, sustancias específicas que ya resultaron negativas en el RCB? Tres, ¿Cuál es la probabilidad cuantitativa de que sean connaturalmente carcinogénicas para los humanos, sustancias específicas que ya resultaron positivas en el RCB? Para responder dichas preguntas, esta tesis expandió y adaptó el marco matemático propuesto por la medicina humana para estimar la sensibilidad (SEN), especificidad (SPEC), y los valores predictivos de los resultados entregados por los exámenes de tamizaje (o cribaje). Como carcinógenos de humanos desde los cuales discernir la SEN del RCB, esta tesis reconoció a las sustancias que tienen suficiente evidencia epidemiológica de carcinogénesis en humanos, según las evaluaciones de la IARC, el U.S. NTP, o la U.S. EPA. En materia de resultados, y en términos de vías de exposición, las vías oral e inhalatoria del RCB exhibieron 95% o más de SEN hacia los carcinógenos de humanos de tipo mutagénico con alta potencia genotóxica. La vía inhalatoria del RCB presentó 88% de SEN hacia los carcinógenos de humanos por inhalación de tipo no-mutagénico. La vía oral del RCB presentó tan sólo 65% de SEN hacia los carcinógenos de humanos por ingestión de tipo no-mutagénico. Como no-carcinógenos de humanos desde los cuales dilucidar la SPEC del RCB, esta tesis reconoció a las sustancias que tienen suficiente evidencia mecanicista de que carecen de carcinogenicidad innata para los humanos (p. ej., evidencia mecanicista en términos de mecanismos de acción farmacológica, o mecanismos de acción toxicológica). Hacia los carcinógenos de humanos por ingestión de tipo no-mutagénico, y basado sólo en no-carcinógenos de humanos con muy bajo potencial de carcinogenicidad en el RCB, esta tesis estimó 95% o más de SPEC para la vía oral del RCB. Con base en las SENs y SPEC mencionadas previamente, y mediante las ecuaciones proporcionadas por (1) la estadística Bayesiana, o (2) por la aproximación desarrollada en esta tesis bajo el nombre de la probabilidad de verosimilitud, encontramos los siguientes resultados adicionales. Primero, 98% de probabilidad de que 52 sustancias específicas sean connaturalmente carcinogénicas para los humanos por ingestión o inyección, entre ellas numerosos fármacos de uso antineoplásico o no-antineoplásico en humanos. Segundo, un 96% de probabilidad de que otras 68 sustancias específicas carezcan de carcinogenicidad innata para los humanos por ingestión, incluyendo varios (1) colorantes de alimentos, medicamentos, y cosméticos; (2) principios activos de productos plaguicidas, y (3) fármacos de uso no-antineoplásico en humanos. De ese modo, esta tesis entregó una amplia discusión, así como numerosas conclusiones y recomendaciones acerca de (1) el desempeño del RCB como modelo para el pronóstico preclínico de la carcinogenicidad innata de las sustancias para los humanos; (2) distintas configuraciones para el RCB (p. ej., en términos de dosis, especies, o vías de exposición de los roedores a las sustancias de prueba); (3) del futuro del RCB en la práctica reguladora; (4) de las aproximaciones probabilísticas como una vía para traducir la relevancia (o insignificancia) clínica de hallazgos preclínicos particulares, y (5) la pertinencia de las predicciones de carcinogenicidad (o de carencia de carcinogenicidad) innata para los humanos, entregada por esta tesis para 120 sustancias específicas. (Texto tomado de la fuente) At the preclinical level, the 2-year rodent carcinogenesis bioassay (RCB) is the gold standard to predict the innate carcinogenicity to humans of substances. For 40 years, the RCB has been a preclinical requirement for the regulatory approval of a variety of chemicals, including (1) food additives; (2) active ingredients of pesticides; (3) pharmaceuticals for chronic use in humans, and (4) for drugs used in food-producing animals. Due to its antiquity, and the need in those days for an urgent deployment of preclinical tests, the RCB was adopted without knowledge of its true predictive performance. Although the RCB is regulatorily in force, the sensitivity and specificity of the RCB towards human carcinogens remain unknown. This doctoral thesis is the product of theoretical research based on experimental data available in the literature. In that respect, this thesis addressed the following research questions. One, what is the sensitivity (SEN) and specificity (SPEC) of the RCB towards human carcinogens? Two, considering the predictive nature and the predictive purpose of preclinical toxicology, what is the numerical probability that specific chemicals that tested negative in the RCB actually lack any carcinogenicity to humans? And third, what is the numerical probability that specific substances that tested positive in the RCB are innately carcinogenic to humans? To answer those questions, this thesis expanded and adapted the mathematical framework used in human medicine to evaluate the sensitivity (SEN), specificity (SPEC), and the predictive value of the results provided by medical screening tests. As human carcinogens (on which to base the SEN of the RCB), we recognized those chemicals with sufficient epidemiological evidence of carcinogenicity in humans, according to the evaluations published by the IARC, the U.S. NTP, or the U.S. EPA. As a result, both the oral and inhalation routes of the RCB showed more than 95% SEN towards human carcinogens with high genotoxic potency. The inhalation route of the RCB displayed 88% SEN towards non-mutagenic human carcinogens by inhalation. Toward non-mutagenic human carcinogens by ingestion, the RCB’s oral route displayed as few as 65% SEN. As human non-carcinogens (from which to elucidate the SPEC of the RCB), this thesis recognized those chemicals with sufficient mechanistic evidence that they lack innate carcinogenicity to humans (e.g., mechanistic evidence in terms of their mechanism of action, their mechanistic toxicology, or their basic pharmacology). Thereby, towards non-mutagenic human carcinogens by ingestion, and based only on human non-carcinogens with scant carcinogenic potential, this thesis estimated a 95% SPEC for the oral route of the RCB. Based on the SENs and SPEC mentioned before, and through the equations provided by (1) the Bayesian statistics, or (2) the method developed here and named the probability of verisimilitude, we found the following additional results. First, a 98% probability that 52 specific chemicals are innately carcinogenic to humans by ingestion or injection, including several pharmaceuticals of either antineoplastic or non-antineoplastic use in humans. Second, a 96% probability that 68 other substances lack innate carcinogenicity to humans by ingestion, including various (1) food, drug, and cosmetic colorants; (2) active ingredients of pesticides, or (3) several pharmaceuticals used in the treatment of human non-neoplastic diseases. Accordingly, this thesis delivered a large discussion, together with numerous conclusions and recommendations about (1) the preclinical performance of the RCB, as an animal testing method to predict the innate carcinogenicity to humans of chemicals; (2) different configurations for the RCB, including aspects such as the rodent species, doses, endpoints, or routes of exposure; (3) the future of the RCB in regulatory policy; (4) the probabilistic approaches used in this thesis, as a mode for translating the clinical relevance (or insignificance) of specific preclinical findings, and (5) the clinical and regulatory implications of the predictions placed by this thesis, about the innate carcinogenicity to humans (or the lack of innate carcinogenicity to humans) of 120 chemicals of either therapeutic or toxicological interest. Convocatoria 757 de 2016 (Crédito Educativo Condonable). Doctorado Nacional. Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación. República de Colombia. Doctorado Doctor en Ciencias Farmacéuticas Farmacología

Objective: To assess the effect of the adherence to medical treatment on urinary parameters in the 24-h metabolic study of patients with kidney stones. Methods: A retrospective, longitudinal, descriptive, and observational study was carried out by reviewing the hospital electronic medical record from 2014 to 2018. The adherence to drug treatment was measured 6 months after its initiation, and the numerical values of the metabolic studies were compared. Wilcoxon tests were performed to compare the difference before and after treatment. Results: Ninety patients were evaluated, with 73.3% of adherence. The 180-day overall adherence rate was 61.2% in patients treated with a single drug and 85.4% in patients treated with multiple drugs. There is a statistically significant increase in citrate levels in patients with good adherence in comparison with non-adherent patients (p=0.031 vs. p=0.528). Conclusions: Medical treatment and dietary measures in patients with kidney stones have an initial impact at 6 months on the values of the main urinary metabolic alterations that predispose to calculi formation; the most significant is seen in those patients with adherence to medical treatment for hypocitraturia.

A inteligência artificial (IA) vem promovendo a automatização de processos e operações das organi-zações em ritmo acelerado nos últimos anos. Tanto indivíduos quanto corporações mostram-se aten-tos e preocupados com essa mudança, que se apresenta contundente e disruptiva, no intuito de acompanharem as novas ferramentas tecnológicas já em uso, e para as tendências inovativas de um novo futuro que se apresenta. Esta pesquisa tem como objetivo explorar como a IA está posicionada na América do Sul. Para isso, foi realizada uma revisão sistemática da literatura, evidenciando arti-gos da área de IA nesta região. Na sequência, buscamos projetos e iniciativas governamentais apli-cadas de IA, para estabelecer uma associação com a literatura, e propor uma agenda de pesquisas e projetos que possam ser explorados neste contexto. A pesquisa é exploratória e documental por meio de análise de conteúdo dos documentos coletados. As contribuições desta pesquisa são apresentar um panorama de IA no contexto Sul-Americano e posicionar, primeiramente os países Brasil, Argen-tina, Colômbia, Chile e Peru como agentes dessa pauta. Sugerimos estudos futuros comparativos com países e continentes próximos.

El éxito de las organizaciones no solo es el resultado de estar en capacidad de prestar un mejor servicio o en hacer el mejor despliegue de estrategias y tácticas que abarquen un mercado más amplio o en la capacidad de contrarrestar la competencia, tampoco es solo estar en capacidad de hacer el mejor despliegue de publicidad por cuanto medio sea posible y sin decir que esto no sea importante, se debe considerar que detrás de ello, está el modo y forma como comunicamos un mensaje tanto al mercado como al interior de los equipos de trabajo, por tanto, se hace necesario considerar el poder que tienen las palabras para que todo lo anteriormente citado tenga el efecto deseado y con la contundencia esperada. Las organizaciones ahora más que nunca requerirán líderes que presten especial atención al desarrollo de habilidades de comunicación con el objetivo de lograr un alto nivel de persuasión, con mensajes claros e impactantes con objetivos bien definidos y que tracen una hoja de ruta, y para ello, el líder deberá ser capaz de preparar un buen discurso y oratoria, con mensajes potentes e inspiradores capaces de impactar emociones, capaces de llegar a la mente y al corazón de las personas y de impulsar las acción hacia el avance de un objetivo claro, con convicción y motivación. He success of organizations is not only the result of being able to provide a better service or to make the best deployment of strategies and tactics that cover a broader market or in the ability to counteract the competition, nor is it just being able to to make the best display of advertising by whatever means possible and without saying that this is not important, we must consider that behind it, is the way and form in which we communicate a message both to the market and within the work teams, for Therefore, it is necessary to consider the power that words have so that everything mentioned above has the desired effect and with the expected forcefulness. Organizations now more than ever will require leaders who pay special attention to the development of communication skills in order to achieve a high level of persuasion, with clear and impactful messages with well-defined objectives and who draw a roadmap, and for this, The leader must be able to prepare a good speech and oratory, with powerful and inspiring messages capable of impacting emotions, capable of reaching the minds and hearts of people and promoting action towards the advancement of a clear objective, with conviction. and motivation. Especialización

[EN] Pedagogic tools that allow the emulation of tasks that students can carry out in their future jobs is often a motivating element. For this reason, it may be interesting to incorporate new teaching methods that are closer to the professional work of engineering. One of the most common professional opportunities for Telecommunications or Electronic Engineering degrees is related to communications, their design and management. The combination of almost-professional practical sessions, with a project-based methodology (PBL) and an implementation at different levels of the degree of GIET of the ETSE-UV has allowed us to analyse the impact on the motivation and dedication of the students regading the communication body of knowledge. The innovative proposal lies in the PBL itself, the flexibility in the student dedication, the formative and peer assessment and its development over 3 semesters with a compendium of social contexts that have radically changed the previous programme timeline. The results show that the introduction of these innovations improves the dedication and motivation of the 3 groups of students studied. And that the application of optical concepts is an object of motivational value as shown by the net increase in the dimensions of satisfaction, engagement and motivation for the last group compared to the first one. The overall improvement according to the questionnaire reasults is 15-20 % for all the dimensions analyzed., [ES] El uso de herramientas didácticas que permita emular tareas que el alumnado puede llevar a cabo en sus futuras profesiones, suele ser un elemento motivador. Por ello, puede resultar interesante incorporar nuevos métodos de enseñanza más cercanos a la labor profesional de la Ingeniería. Una de las salidas profesionales más habituales para las titulaciones de Ingeniería en Telecomunicaciones o Electrónica está relacionada las comunicaciones, su diseño y su gestión. La combinación de sesiones prácticas cercanas, con una metodología basada en proyectos (ABP) y una implementación en diferentes niveles del grado de GIET de la ETSE-UV ha permitido analizar el impacto en la motivación y la dedicación del alumnado. La propuesta innovadora radica en la propia ABP, la flexibilidad en la dedicación, la evaluación formativa y por pares y su desarrollo a lo largo de 3 cuatrimestres con contextos sociales que han cambiado radicalmente la docencia previa. Los resultados muestran que la introducción de estas innovaciones mejora la dedicación y motivación de los 3 grupos de alumnos estudiados. Y que la aplicación de conceptos ópticos es un objeto de valor motivador como se muestra en el aumento neto en las dimensiones de satisfacción, dedicación y motivación para el último grupo comparado con el primero. Se observan incrementos de las valoraciones de la innovación en todos las dimensiones evaluadas de 15-20 %., Este trabajo ha sido financiado por el “Vicerectorat d’Ocupació i Programes Formatius” de la Universitat de València a través del proyecto UV-SFPIE PID-164185

The present cross-sectional (comparative) study aimed to compare the anthropometric and body composition parameters in professional soccer players over five seasons. It was conducted on 120 soccer players grouped in a cohort of 24 subjects per year. The age range was 18 to 37 years. The footballers were evaluated at the beginning of each season from 2012 to 2016; weight, height, six skin folds (triceps, subscapularis, supra-iliac, abdominal, thigh, and calf) were evaluated from 2012 to 2015. The Body Mass Index (BMI), fat percentage, fat mass, and FFM were calculated. The adipose tissue was grouped into three groups: arm (triceps + subscapular), trunk (supra iliac + abdominal), and legs (thigh + calf). Body weight, height, the sum of the 6 folds, and the MLG varied during the 5 years. For 2012 the results were the following: Weight, 76.6 ± 7.8kg; Height, 177.6 ± 5.7cm; Folds, 58.7 ± 12.8mm; MLG, 64.5 ± 6.3mm). In 2013, these were the results: Weight, 77.8 ± 6.4kg; Height, 178, 4 ± 4.4; Folds, 60.1 ± 15.9mm; MLG, 66.3 ± 3.5mm). These were the measures obtained in 2014: Weight, 74.9 ± 5.7kg; Height, 177.0 ± 5.8cm; Folds, 54.4 ± 14.7mm; MLG, 64.5 ± 4.5kg ). And these were of the year 2015: Weight, 74.1 ± 6.8kg; Height, 176.1 ± 5.5cm; Folds, 54.9 ± 15.6mm; MLG, 63.8 ± 4.6kg). Finally, in 2016 these were the measures collected: Weight, 72.7 ± kg; Height, 175.3 ± 6.9 kg; Folds, 50.8 ± 12.mm; MLG, 62.8 ± 5.9kg. This study verified that the soccer players' anthropometric profile and adipose tissue decreased each season, while the MLG reflected similar values in each of the evaluated cohorts. El presente estudio tuvo por objetivo comparar los parámetros antropométricos y de composición corporal en futbolistas profesionales en cinco temporadas. Se efectuó un estudio transversal (comparativo). Se estudió a 120 futbolistas, donde cada cohorte por año se evaluó a 24 futbolistas. El rango de edad fue de 18 a 37 años. Se evaluó a los futbolistas al inicio de cada temporada en los años 2012 a 2016: Se midió el peso, la estatura, seis pliegues cutáneos (Tríceps, subescapular, supra-iliaco, abdominal, muslo y pantorrilla). Se calculó el Índice de Masa corporal IMC, % de grasa, la masa grasa y masa libre de grasa MLG. El tejido adiposo se agrupó en tres grupos (brazo: (tricpes+subescapular, tronco: suprailiaco+abdominal, Piernas: muslo+pantorrilla). Hubo diferencias en el peso corporal, la estatura, la sumatoria de los 6 pliegues y la MLG a lo largo de los 5 años. [año 2012 (Peso: 76,6±7.8kg, estatura: 177.6±5.7cm, Pliegues: 58.7±12.8mm, MLG: 64.5±6.3mm), año 2013: (Peso: 77.8±6.4kg, Estatura: 178,4±4.4, Pliegues: 60.1±15.9mm, MLG:66.3±3.5mm), año 2014: (Peso: 74.9±5.7kg, Estatura: 177.0±5.8cm, Pliegues: 54.4±14.7mm, MLG: 64.5±4.5kg), año 2015: (Peso: 74.1±6.8kg, Estatura: 176.1±5.5cm, Pliegues: 54.9±15.6mm, MLG: 63.8±4.6kg), año 2016: (Peso: 72.7±kg, Estatura: 175.3±6.9kg, Pliegues: 50.8±12.mm, MLG: 62.8±5.9kg)]. Este estudio verificó que el perfil antropométrico y el tejido adiposo de los futbolistas fueron disminuyendo en cada temporada, mientras que la MLG reflejó similares valores en cada uno de las cohortes evaluadas. O presente estudo teve como objetivo comparar os parâmetros antropométricos e de composição corporal em jogadores profissionais de futebol durante cinco temporadas. Foi realizado um estudo transversal (comparativo). Foi estudado um total de 120 jogadores de futebol, onde cada coorte por ano foram avaliados 24 jogadores. A faixa etária era de 18 a 37 anos. Os futebolistas foram avaliados no início de cada temporada, nos anos de 2012 a 2016. Foram medidas altura, peso, seis dobras da pele (tríceps, subescapular, supra ilíaca, abdominal, coxa e calcanhar). Foram calculados índice de massa corporal IMC, % de gordura, massa de gordura e massa livre de gordura MLG. O tecido adiposo foi agrupado em três grupos (braço: tríceps + subescapular, tronco: suprailíaco + abdominal, pernas: coxa + calcanhar). Houve diferenças no peso corporal, na altura, a soma de 6 dobras e a MLG ao longo dos 5 anos: ano 2012 (Peso: 76,6±7,8kg, Altura: 177,6±5,7cm, Dobras: 58,7±12,8mm, GLM: 64,5±6,3mm), ano 2013 (Peso: 77,8±6,4kg, Altura: 178,4±4,4, Dobras: 60,1±15,9mm, GLM:66,3±3.5mm), ano 2014 (Peso: 74,9±5,7kg, Altura: 177,0±5,8cm, Dobras: 54,4±14,7mm, GLM: 64,5±4,5kg), ano 2015 (Peso: 74,1±6,8kg, Altura: 176,1±5,5cm, Dobras: 54,9±15,6mm, GLM: 63,8±4,6kg), ano 2016 (Peso: 72,7±kg, Altura: 175,3±6,9kg, Dobras: 50,8±12,mm, GLM: 62,8±5,9kg). Este estudo verificou que o perfil antropométrico e o tecido adiposo dos jogadores de futebol diminuíram em cada temporada, enquanto que a MLG refletiu valores similares em cada um dos coortes avaliados.

El presente trabajo de Investigación Titulado “Identificación de peligros y la evaluación de riesgos ocupacionales en 110 trabajadores asistenciales del Hospital María Auxiliadora, 2021”, ha sido realizado para determinar la relación que existe entre la identificación de peligros y evaluación de riesgos en trabajadores asistenciales de Salud del HMA. Nuestra Investigación es de tipo básica, correlacional, cuantitativa, ordinal y se aplicó considerando en base a la población de 734 trabajadores asistenciales de salud del Hospital María Auxiliadora. Las variables consideradas en esta investigación: identificación de peligros, como variable independiente y evaluación de riesgos como variable dependiente. El Instrumento, fue un cuestionario estructurado que se aplicó en un solo momento a 110 (15%), trabajadores asistenciales de salud. Finalmente, el estudio sostiene que, si hay relación causa efecto valido, entre identificación de peligros y evaluación de riesgos ocupacionales en 110 trabajadores de salud del Hospital María auxiliadora, 2021; y esto se corrobora, que la relación existente es positiva y muy alta de 0.993 (Rho de Spearman=0,993) y se confirma que estadísticamente es significativa (p=0,000).

Mobile group II introns are ribozymes and mobile genetic elements found in all branches of life. They consist of a highly structured intron RNA that encodes a reverse transcriptase (RT). This RT is utilized during retrohoming to synthesize a full-length DNA copy (cDNA) of the intron RNA which is then integrated into new genome locations. One theory suggests that RTs evolved from an RNA Dependent RNA Polymerase (RDRP) that originated in the RNA World. These ancestral RDRPs served to propagate genetic material, and during the transition to DNA-based life, RDRPs evolved into RTs. Recent structural data for Geobacillus stearothermophilus Group II Intron RT (GsI-IIC RT) suggests a close evolutionary relationship between RDRPs and group II intron RTs, including a strikingly similar RT active site and regions that function in binding the template and primer. To further probe this evolutionary relationship rational mutations were introduced into GsI-IIC RT that affected rNTP incorporation ability. Group II introns have also potentially evolved characteristics like higher fidelity and processivity compared to other RTs due to stringent accuracy requirements when reverse transcribing the catalytically active and highly structured intron RNA. Host-encoded group II intron-like RTs that have acquired other functions often have substitutions for the conserved A residue in the YADD motif at the RT active site. This suggests that the active site can be modified by evolutionary pressures to suit diverse activities. This tolerance was exploited to mutate the highly conserved YADD motif to study structure-function relationships between conserved features of previously uncharacterized classes of RTs. Current laboratory data suggests that the YXDD motif can be modified to modulate different activities, although other crucial complementary or compensatory mutations are likely necessary. Through this work I obtained data that suggests group II intron RTs evolved from ancestral RdRPs, that their constricted active site might serve to increase fidelity, and that their conserved active site motif can be modified to modulate biochemical activities.

We study weak gravitational lensing by the cosmic large-scale structure of the 21-cm radiation background in the 3d-weak lensing formalism. The interplay between source distance measured at finite resolution, visibility and lensing terms is analysed in detail and the resulting total covariance $C_{\ell}(k,k')$ is derived. The effect of lensing correlates different multipoles through convolution, breaking the statistical homogeneity of the 21-cm radiation background. This homogeneity breaking can be exploited to reconstruct the lensing field $\hat{\phi}_{\ell m}(\kappa)$ and noise lensing reconstruction $N_{\ell}^{\hat{\phi}}$ by means of quadratic estimators. The effects related to the actual measurement process (redshift precision and visibility terms) change drastically the values of the off-diagonal terms of the total covariance $C_{\ell}(k,k')$. It is expected that the detection of lensing effects on a 21-cm radiation background will require sensitive studies and high-resolution observations by future low-frequency radio arrays such as the SKA survey., Comment: 17 pages, 4 figures, accepted by MNRAS

Infection with Neospora caninum parasites is a leading cause of reproduction losses in cattle worldwide. In Australia, this loss is estimated to total AU$110 million every year. However, despite this considerable economic impact, the transmission cycle and the host(s) responsible for the sylvatic transmission of the parasite remain to be defined. Dingoes (Canis familiaris) have been suggested to be a wildlife host of N. caninum in Australia, but this is yet to be proven in a nonexperimental setting. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of natural N. caninum shedding in Australian wild dogs (defined as dingoes, dingo-domestic dog hybrids and feral dogs) by performing molecular analysis of faecal samples collected in wild dog populations in south-east Australia. Molecular analysis allowed host species identification and dingo purity testing, while genetic analysis of Coccidia and Neospora conserved genes allowed for parasite identification. Among the 115 samples collected and determined to belong to dingoes, dingo-domestic dog hybrids and foxes, Coccidian parasites were detected in 41 samples and N. caninum was identified in one sample of canine origin from South East Australia (Mansfield). Across all samples collected in Mansfield only 15 individuals were successfully identified by genotype. Thereby our study determined that 6.7% (1/15, 95% confidence intervals 1.2–29.9) of wild dogs were actively shedding N. caninum oocysts at this site. Further, only four individuals were identified at a second site (Swift Creek), and none were positive. This study conclusively confirms the role of wild dogs in the horizontal transmission of N. caninum parasites in Australia.

Se hace mención a programas de evaluación y entrenamiento lector recientemente publicados o comercializados La lectura es uno de los procesos más tardíamente desarrollados en la evolución como especie. Se basa en la recombinación de dos características modulares de nuestro hemisferio cerebral izquierdo: el lóbulo occipital (para la visión) y el temporal (para la audición). Esta habilidad reinventada con fines socioculturales y de almacenamiento de la información, desempeña un papel crucial en la formación intelectual y escolar de los niños y será también esencial para alcanzar los niveles universitarios de preparación profesional. Sus dificultades de adquisición y trastornos han sido fuente de preocupación de educadores y especialistas a lo largo de las últimas décadas. La dislexía y los trastornos específicos de aprendizaje en lectura (también en matemáticas) son objeto de estudio y búsqueda de soluciones o de compensación, en aquellos niños que neuropsicológicamente no logran desarrollar de manera natural esa habilidad de decodificar grafemas en fonemas. El presente taller ahonda en las bases científicas de las causa de las dificultades de la lectura desde un punto de vista cognitivo y neuropsicológico, y sugiere nuevas formas telemáticas de enseñanza y entrenamiento de los procesos implicados en la habilidad de leer (identificación de palabras escritas). Se subrayan formas recientes de evaluación de riesgo de padecer dislexia en niños y adultos (el nuevo test Prolexia) y nuevos retos desde la inteligencia artificial para complementar desde casa el proceso de aprendizaje de la lectura y sus principales dificultades (Método Smartick Lectura). Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech.

Australian wild deer populations have significantly expanded in size and distribution in recent decades. Due to their role in pathogen transmission, these deer populations pose a biosecurity risk to the livestock industry. However, little is known about the infection status of wild deer in Australia. The intestinal parasite Entamoeba bovis has been previously detected in farm and wild ruminants worldwide, but its epidemiology and distribution in wild ruminants remain largely unexplored. To investigate this knowledge gap, faecal samples of wild deer and domestic cattle from south-eastern Australia were collected and analysed for the presence of Entamoeba spp. using PCR and phylogenetic analysis of the conserved 18S rRNA gene. E. bovis parasites were detected at high prevalence in cattle and wild deer hosts, and two distinct Entamoeba ribosomal lineages (RLs), RL1 and RL8, were identified in wild deer. Phylogenetic analysis further revealed the existance of a novel Entamoeba species in sambar deer and a novel Entamoeba RL in fallow deer. While we anticipated cross-species transmission of E. bovis between wild deer and cattle, the data generated in this study demonstrated transmission is yet to occur in Australia. Overall, this study has identified novel variants of Entamoeba and constitutes the first report of Entamoeba in fallow deer and sambar deer, expanding the host range of this parasite. Epidemiological investigations and continued surveillance of Entamoeba parasites in farm ruminants and wild animals will be required to evaluate pathogen emergence and transmission to livestock.

Supplemental Material for Neuroprotective association of preoperative renin-angiotensin system blocking agents use in patients undergoing carotid interventions by Chong Li, Caron Rockman, Heepeel Chang, Virendra I Patel, Jeffrey J Siracuse, Neal Cayne, Frank J Veith, Jose L Torres, Thomas S Maldonado, Anjali A Nigalaye, Glenn Jacobowitz, and Karan Garg in Vascular

Submitted in total fulfilment for the degree of Doctor of Philosopy to the Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment La Trobe University, Victoria.

Objective To describe the impact of different doses of corticosteroids on the evolution of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, based on the potential benefit of the non-genomic mechanism of these drugs at higher doses. Methods Observational study using data collected from the SEMI-COVID-19 Registry. We evaluated the epidemiological, radiological and analytical scenario between patients treated with megadoses therapy of corticosteroids vs low-dose of corticosteroids and the development of complications. The primary endpoint was all-cause in-hospital mortality according to use of corticosteroids megadoses. Results Of a total of 14,921 patients, corticosteroids were used in 5,262 (35.3%). Of them, 2,216 (46%) specifically received megadoses. Age was a factor that differed between those who received megadoses therapy versus those who did not in a significant manner (69 years [IQR 59–79] vs 73 years [IQR 61–83]; p < .001). Radiological and analytical findings showed a higher use of megadoses therapy among patients with an interstitial infiltrate and elevated inflammatory markers associated with COVID-19. In the univariate study it appears that steroid use is associated with increased mortality (OR 2.07 95% CI 1.91–2.24 p < .001) and megadose use with increased survival (OR 0.84 95% CI 0.75–0.96, p 0.011), but when adjusting for possible confounding factors, it is observed that the use of megadoses is also associated with higher mortality (OR 1.54, 95% CI 1.32–1.80; p < .001). There is no difference between megadoses and low-dose (p .298). Although, there are differences in the use of megadoses versus low-dose in terms of complications, mainly infectious, with fewer pneumonias and sepsis in the megadoses group (OR 0.82 95% CI 0.71–0.95; p < .001 and OR 0.80 95% CI 0.65–0.97; p < .001) respectively. Conclusion There is no difference in mortality with megadoses versus low-dose, but there is a lower incidence of infectious complications with glucocorticoid megadoses.

ilustraciones, fotografías a color, gráficas, tablas Livestock production extension in Amazon has caused deforestation and soil degradation, with negative consequences on biodiversity and environmental services. While the rubber plantations establishment has arisen as a productive and restoration alternative degraded livestock soils. This study evaluated differences in termite assemblage and functional structure in three different rubber crop systems as an indirect way of evaluating soil diversity restoring. Three rubber crop systems were sampled: clonal fields (CF), traditional commercial rubber plantations (CR), and mixed plantations (MX). Additionally, livestock pastures (PA) and natural forest relicts (NF) were compared to rubber crop systems, to serve as reference habitats. Termites were sampled using the transect method. From 80 species collected, 3.8% corresponded to Rhinotermitidae family, and 96.2% to Termitidae family. The natural forest was the land use with the highest richness (54 species) and species occurrence (437 occurrences). Species richness in rubber crop systems were 39% higher than in pastures and included 72% of the termite species found in natural forests. The land uses were clustered according to their diversity: group I of high diversity (CR and NF) and group II of low diversity (CF, MX and PA). Among the 14 soil variables that were evaluated, organic carbon, bulk density and electrical conductivity were the variables that most influenced the termite communities. Soil-feeders termites were associated with less diverse land uses and wood-feeders were associated with high diverse land uses. Pastures and MX presented the lowest values in diversity, but each functional structure was different. Elseways, functional structure of CR was similar to the natural forests. Our results demonstrate that termite diversity and functional structure recovery is possible and will depend on the rubber crop system selected. La ganadería extensiva en la amazonia ha causado deforestación y degradación en el suelo, con consecuencias negativas en la biodiversidad y servicios ambientales. Mientras el establecimiento de plantaciones de caucho ha surgido como una alternativa productiva y de restauración para suelos degradados por la ganadería. Este estudio evaluó las diferencias en los ensamblajes y la estructura funcional de las termitas en tres diferentes cultivos de caucho como una forma indirecta de evaluar la restauración de la diversidad del suelo. Tres sistemas de cultivos de caucho fueron muestreados: campos clonales (CF), plantaciones comerciales (CR) y plantaciones mixtas (MX). Adicionalmente, pasturas ganaderas (PA) y bosques naturales (NF) sirvieron como ecosistemas de referencia. Las termitas se muestrearon usando el método de transecto. De las 80 especies colectadas, 3.8% correspondía a la familia Rhinotermitidae y el 96.2% a la familia Termitidae. El bosque natural fue el uso de la tierra con mayor riqueza (54 especies) y ocurrencia de especies (437 ocurrencias). En los sistemas de cultivo de caucho fue 39% mayor que en pasturas e incluyeron el 72% del total de especies encontradas en los bosques naturales. Los usos de suelo fueron agrupados de acuerdo con su diversidad: grupo I de alta diversidad (CR y NF) y grupo II de baja diversidad (CF, MX y PA). Dentro de las 14 variables de suelo que se evaluaron, carbón orgánico, densidad aparente y conductividad eléctrica fueron las variables que más influenciaron sobre las comunidades de termitas. Las termitas consumidoras de suelo estuvieron asociadas con usos de suelo de baja diversidad y las xilófagas estuvieron asociados con usos de suelo de alta diversidad. Pasturas y MX presentaron la diversidad más baja, pero sus estructuras funcionales fueron diferentes en sí. Por otro lado, la estructura funcional de CR fue similar a la de NF. Nuestros resultados demostraron que recuperar la diversidad y la estructura funcional de las termitas es posible y dependerá de las prácticas de manejo del cultivo de caucho. (Texto tomado de la fuente). Incluye anexos Maestría Magíster en Ciencias Agrarias Entomología

The efficiency of the synthesis of renewable fuels and feedstocks from electrical sources is limited, at present, by the sluggish water oxidation reaction. Single-atom catalysts (SACs) with a controllable coordination environment and exceptional atom utilization efficiency open new paradigms toward designing high-performance water oxidation catalysts. Here, using operando X-ray absorption spectroscopy measurements with calculations of spectra and electrochemical activity, we demonstrate that the origin of water oxidation activity of IrNiFe SACs is the presence of highly oxidized Ir single atom (Ir5.3+) in the NiFe oxyhydroxide under operating conditions. We show that the optimal water oxidation catalyst could be achieved by systematically increasing the oxidation state and modulating the coordination environment of the Ir active sites anchored atop the NiFe oxyhydroxide layers. Based on the proposed mechanism, we have successfully anchored Ir single-atom sites on NiFe oxyhydroxides (Ir0.1/Ni9Fe SAC) via a unique in situ cryogenic-photochemical reduction method that delivers an overpotential of 183 mV at 10 mA ⋅ cm- 2 and retains its performance following 100 h of operation in 1 M KOH electrolyte, outperforming the reported catalysts and the commercial IrO2 catalysts. These findings open the avenue toward an atomic-level understanding of the oxygen evolution of catalytic centers under in operando conditions.

Orientadores: Sophie Françoise M. Derchain, Anibal Faundes Dissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas Resumo: O câncer de ovário é a principal preocupação ao se investigar um tumor pélvico. Os métodos habitualmente utilizados no diagnóstico pré-operatório: parâmetros clínicos- como a idade e o estado menstrual- a ultra-sonografia e o nível sérico do CA 125 apresentam limitações quanto à performance, ao serem usados com este objetivo. Para avaliar a performance da associação destes métodos foram estudadas 158 pacientes, portadoras de tumores pélvicos sem claras evidências de malignidade, atendidas no setor de Oncologia Genital e Patologia Mamária do Centro de Atenção Integral à Saúde da Mulher da Universidade Estadual de Campinas, no período de janeiro de 1996 a março de 1998. Utilizou-se uma análise de regressão múltipla, a partir dos dados da amostra, para identificar o peso de cada preditor individual na determinação da malignidade destes tumores, objetivando construir um escore para a ultra-sonografia e um índice de risco de malignidade. Este índice construído foi definido como a operação matemática: US x M x CA 125, onde US foi o escore da ultra-sonografia, definido neste estudo segundo os parâmetros sugestivos de malignidade e benignidade, M foi o estado menstrual pontuado com um para pré-menopausa e três para pós-menopausa e CA 125 foi o valor bruto do nível sérico deste marcador. OCA 125 apresentou a melhor acurácia entre os preditores individuais (78%), seguido pelo escore da ultrasonografia (72%) e pelo estado menstrual (69%). O índice de risco de malignidade associou todos estes parâmetros e apresentou acurácia de 86%, a qual foi estatisticamente superior ao CA125 e aos índices de risco de malignidade descritos na literatura, quando estes foram aplicados à esta população. Concluíu-se que o índice de risco de malignidade definido neste estudo apresentou acurácia superior ao melhor preditor individual e aos índices descritos na literatura até o presente momento Abstract: Ovarian cancer is the main concern in investigating a pelvic tumor. The usual diagnostic methods - clinical parameters like age and menstrual status, ultrasonography, and serum CA 125 levei - present limitations as to the performance when being used for this purpose. In order to evaluate the performance of the association of these methods, a total of 158 patients were studied. These women, presenting pelvic tumors with no clear evidence of malignancy, were assisted at the Genital Oncology and Breast Pathology divisions of CAISM/FCM/UNICAMP from January 1996 to March 1998. A multiple regression analysis using the sample data was performed in order to identify the weight of each individual predictor in determining the malignancy of these tumors. This identification process aimed to establish a score for the ultrasonography, and a risk of malignancy index (RMI). This RMI was defined as a mathematical operation: US x M x CA 125, with US being the ultrasonography score defined in this study according to the parameters suggesting malignancy and benignity, M being the menstrual status (1 for premenopause and 3 for postmenopause), and CA 125 the raw value of the serum leveI. The CA 125 presented the best accuracy within the individual predictors (78%), fol/owed by the ultrasonography seare (72%) and by the menstrual status (69%). The RMI has associated these parameters and presented an 86% accuracy, which was statistical/y higher than the CA 125, and the risk of malignancy indexes described in the literature, whenever these were applied to this sample. It is concluded that this RMI presented accuracy higher than the best individual malignancy predictor of this sample, and also higher than the indexes described in the literature up to the present time Mestrado Mestre em Tocoginecologia

Picobirnaviruses (PBVs) have been detected in several species of animals worldwide; however, data pertaining to their presence in Australian wild and domestic animals are limited. Although PBVs are mostly found in faecal samples, their detection in blood and respiratory tract samples raises questions concerning their tropism and pathogenicity. We report here PBV detection in wild deer and cattle from southeastern Australia. Through metagenomics, the presence of PBV genogroups I (GI) and II (GII) were detected in deer serum and plasma. Molecular epidemiology studies targeting the partial RNA-dependent RNA polymerase gene were performed in a wide range of specimens (serum, faeces, spleen, lung, nasal swabs, and trachea) collected from wild deer and cattle, with PCR amplification obtained in all specimen types except lung and spleen. Our results reveal the predominance of GI and concomitant detection of both genogroups in wild deer and cattle. In concordance with other studies, the detected GI sequences displayed high genetic diversity, however in contrast, GII sequences clustered into three distinct clades. Detection of both genogroups in the upper respiratory tract (trachea and nasal swab) of deer in the present study gives more evidence about the respiratory tract tropism of PBV. Although much remains unknown about the epidemiology and tropism of PBVs, our study suggests a wide distribution of these viruses in southeastern Australia.

El Ecuador es un país con maravillosos lugares que en su gran mayoría son conocidos por sus atractivos turísticos, la parroquia Quimiag es uno de ellos, a pesar de ser una parroquia no muy extensa cuenta con unos parajes extraordinarios fuera de la imaginación de cualquier persona. A pesar de la riqueza con la que cuenta Quimiag no es un lugar tan conocido, su historia se remonta a los primitivos habitantes que fueron los Puruhaes, y la historia la cuentan los moradores más longevos que aún perduran y que cada vez quedan menos, a pesar de que existe una historia oficial por parte de las autoridades, esta no es tan conocida internamente ni externamente. Sus principales fuentes de trabajo son la agricultura y ganadería, debido a que la parroquia cuenta con tres tipos de climas los pobladores se benefician de estos para cultivar todo tipo de hortalizas, granos, entre otros cultivos, sin dejar de lado la ganadería y la venta de productos lácteos y sus derivados, a pesar de todas estas cosas los agricultores y ganaderos no son bien remunerados al momento de vender sus productos. Ecuador is a country with wonderful places that are mostly known for their tourist attractions, the Quimiag parish is one of them, despite being a not very extensive parish, it has some extraordinary places beyond the imagination of anyone. Despite the wealth that Quimiag has, it is not such a well-known place, its history dates back to the primitive inhabitants who were the Puruhaes, and the story is told by the longest-lived inhabitants who still survive and who are less and less, to Although there is an official story by the authorities, it is not as well-known internally or externally. Their main sources of work are agriculture and livestock, because the parish has three types of climates, the inhabitants benefit from these to grow all kinds of vegetables, grains, among other crops, without neglecting livestock and sales. of dairy products and their derivatives, despite all these things, farmers and ranchers are not well paid when selling their products.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jnp-10.1177_23993693211031918 for Identifying patients with CKD risk at the time of nephrectomy: When to initiate nephrology consult by Yihe Yang, Zachary Kozel, Purva Sharma, Oksana Yaskiv, Jose Torres, Shashank Pandya, Kenar D. Jhaveri, Madhu Bhaskaran, Manish Vira and Vanesa Bijol in Journal of Onco-Nephrology

In this work, we have analyzed the combination of direct (TSQ) and indirect (AMG) zinc detection methods in order to increase the sensitivity to a better study of the zinc uptake. For that purpose, rat primary cell cultured astrocytes were used. Intracellular Zn levels were visualized by using the TSQ zinc fluorochrome, either in normal conditions or after supplementary addition of 50 µM ZnSO4 to the culture. Fluorescence was recorded with an Olympus microscope BX50WI, equipped with a Hamamatsu ORCA digital camera controlled with the Aquacosmos software. Monolayers were fixed and ionic zinc precipitated by sodium sulphide or sodium selenite. Autometallographic zinc detection was the last step to detect zinc in cell cultures. Zincosome formation were visualized meanwhile the zinc fluorochrome TSQ in light microscopy, with or without adding zinc to cell monolayers. Additionally, we tested the better zinc precipitation and fixative method in order to preserve zinc ions and make them suitable for AMG development, selecting 0.1% sodium sulphide and 4% PFA. TSQ incubation demonstrated that are crucial for AMG zinc detection in both, prior and after the cell fixation. We found the setting parameters by which the zinc ion content of zincosomes can be maintained and visualized in optimal conditions and circumstances, either for optical and electron microscopy zinc detection studies.

Supplemental material, sj-docx-1-jnp-10.1177_23993693211031918 for Identifying patients with CKD risk at the time of nephrectomy: When to initiate nephrology consult by Yihe Yang, Zachary Kozel, Purva Sharma, Oksana Yaskiv, Jose Torres, Shashank Pandya, Kenar D. Jhaveri, Madhu Bhaskaran, Manish Vira and Vanesa Bijol in Journal of Onco-Nephrology

Complexity theory can be viewed as the study of the relationship between computation and applications, understood the former as complexity classes and the latter as problems. Completeness results are clearly central to that view. Many natural algorithms resulting from current applications have polylogarithmic time (PolylogTime) or space complexity (PolylogSpace). The classical Karp notion of complete problem however does not plays well with these complexity classes. It is well known that PolylogSpace does not have complete problems under logarithmic space many-one reductions. In this paper we show similar results for deterministic and non-deterministic PolylogTime as well as for every other level of the polylogarithmic time hierarchy. We achieve that by following a different strategy based on proving the existence of proper hierarchies of problems inside each class. We then develop an alternative notion of completeness inspired by the concept of uniformity from circuit complexity and prove the existence of a (uniformly) complete problem for PolylogSpace under this new notion. As a consequence of this result we get that complete problems can still play an important role in the study of the interrelationship between polylogarithmic and other classical complexity classes., Submitted to Annals of Mathematics and Artificial Intelligence. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1911.13104

A new Auletobius species of the subgenus Canarauletes, Auletobius gaditanus spec. nov., is described from southern Spain. The report that the sister taxon Auletobius maroccanus Hoffmann, 1953 (Locus typicus: Morocco, Reggou, Moyen Moulouya) also occurs in Spain (Almeria: Punta del Sabinar) is corrected, because this specimen also belongs to the new species without doubt. In a morphological and molecular differential diagnosis, the new species is distinguished from the closest related species, and for the first time, a molecular relationship analysis (CO1) is presented for almost all species of the subgenus Canarauletes, whose main distribution area is in the Canary Islands and Madeira. Taxonomic acts Auletobius gaditanus spec. nov. – urn:lsid:zoobank.org:act:17F6BFE9-974E-46B2-BA6E-05624044EAD7, Contributions to Entomology = Beiträge zur Entomologie, Bd. 70 Nr. 1 (2020)

Presentation performed at Innovation Fair Transfiere held in Malaga (Spain) in March 2020. This project has received funding from the Clean Sky 2 Joint Undertaking (JU) under grant agreement No 807097. The JU receives support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme and the Clean Sky 2 JU members other than the Union. The results, opinions, conclusions, etc. presented in this work are those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily represent the position of the JU; the JU is not responsible for any use made of the information contained herein.

The following project aims to prove the feasibility of creating a soccer-related company, of what is called Football 7-a-side games, using IT (Information Technology) support in Metropolitan Lima, aimed to young adults, people between 21 and 35 years old, who usually don’t realize as much physical activity as they would want, because of numerous factors. This service’s purpose is precisely to satisfy that unattended demand while providing new alternatives in the market and a big factor such as IT in the game, which solves present problems such as lack of players to successfully organize a Football 7-a-side match, and the reserve of the pitch. In that aspect, the aggregated value this project brings is based on a high-quality sports center with IT support, consisted of an App and a Web page. El presente proyecto tiene como finalidad demostrar la factibilidad de crear una empresa de servicios de partidos de fútbol 7 con soporte de tecnología de información (TI) en Lima Metropolitana con alcance a un público objetivo de adultos jóvenes, personas entre 21 y 35 años, quienes suelen dejar de realizar actividades deportivas por distintos motivos. El servicio busca atraer esa demanda no atendida y brindar alternativas a través de una nueva propuesta en el mercado de eventos deportivos de fútbol 7 y TI, resolviendo problemáticas existentes como la falta de jugadores para completar una partida de fútbol 7 y la reserva de alquiler de canchas. Por ello la propuesta de valor de la empresa se basa en un centro deportivo con soporte de TI, el cual brindará la solución de reservas de canchas del centro deportivo.

Additional file 4 245 regulated genes in wrky19–1 during M. incognita infection with significance > 7 or with a relative expression of 0.03.

Supplementary_Tables_neurohospitalist_dy_7-8 for Patient Characteristics Associated With Readmission to 3 Neurology Services at an Urban Academic Center by Steven Bondi, Dixon Yang, Leah Croll and Jose Torres in The Neurohospitalist

Additional file 6. Overview of primers used in qRT-PCR for a set of selected genes in Table 1

Additional file 2 Number of root tips for bat5–2 on 14-day-old seedlings. Statistically tested with ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test (p = 0.05). Data represents two biological replicates.

Additional file 1: Figure S1. Confirmation of T-DNA insert in line bat5–2, dsc1–1 and wrky19–1 with PCR. A, allele specific PCRs on genomic DNA isolated from each Arabidopsis mutant line. PCR amplification products using primer combinations for only the wildtype gene allele (P1) and for the wildtype allele including the T-DNA insert (P2). B-D, Relative gene expression of the genes harbouring the T-DNA insert in the mutant lines as compared to the wildtype Arabidopsis Col-0 using quantitative RT-PCR on roots of 14-day old seedlings. B, represents the relative gene expression of BAT5 in bat5–2. C, represents the relative gene expression of DSC1 in dsc1–1 and wrky19–1. D, represents the relative gene expression of WKRY19 in dsc1–1 and wrky19–1. Data (B-D) was generated with three independent biological replicates with three technical replicates each.

This thesis evaluates the technical feasibility of carbon mineralization of industrial CO2 emissions into Oligocene volcanic rocks of the Jizan Group under the Red Sea coastal plain in southwest Saudi Arabia. This area contains several industrial sources of CO2 emissions such as power plants and refineries. The Jizan Group are a thick sequence of basaltic lavas and fragmental rocks which are intruded by coeval subvolcanic basalt dikes, layered gabbros, and granite in the southern part of the Red Sea coastal plain. It outcrops along the eastern foothills of the coastal plain, and dips under Miocene and younger sedimentary rocks towards the coast. It formed in a continental rift environment during the initial stages of separation of Arabia from Africa (Schmidt et al, 1982). The volcanics of the Jizan Group are located close to several CO2 sources and to a supply of seawater needed for co-injection with CO2. Successful carbonate precipitation from rocks reacting with CO2 dissolved in water is highly dependent on several technical and environmental factors. The most significant constraint of this process is the need for CO2 sources to be located near water sources and disposal sites (including igneous complexes with the right mineralogical setting, rich in divalent metal cations such as Ca+2, Mg+2 and Fe+2). Basaltic rocks are the most promising type of rock to dispose of CO2 by this process, due to their high abundance of divalent metal cations. This study concludes that the Jizan Group in the subsurface is technically suitable for CO2 disposal by the CarbFix process due to the favorable combination of the following factors: its predominantly basaltic composition, having sufficient thickness of basalts that are saturated with connate waters, the availability of surface and subsurface data, favorable subcrop geometry under the coastal plain, its location near major fixed sources of CO2 emissions, and availability of seawater needed for injection. However, there are risks that need to be better evaluated, particularly the fracture permeability of the Jizan Group basalts and subvolcanic dikes, and their reactivity with CO2 due to hydrothermal alteration of the basalts. This study identifies the general area east of Jizan Economic City as a potential site for the disposal of CO2. Additional sites are possible between Jizan and Jeddah but are subject to greater geological uncertainty from incomplete subsurface data.

The transition to a low-carbon society is the driving force pushing the traditional power system to increase the volume of non-synchronous technologies which mainly use power electronic converters (PEC) as an interface to the power network. Today, PEC is found in many applications ranging from generation, transmission, storage, and even active loads and protections. The variety of types, applications is almost unlimited. However, the behaviour of PEC is radically different to the typical devices used in traditional power systems, and its specificity in terms of control, overload characteristics, etc. entails an entirely different approach for modelling and simulation. This chapter presents a general review of the main concepts related to power electronic converters and their implementation in DIgSILNET PowerFactory. The chapter finalises with a discussion about the modern tendencies in power electronic applications in power systems: grid following and grid-forming converters.

Additional file 3 The number of root tips for dsc1–1 and wrky19–1 on 14 day old seedlings. Statistically tested with ANOVA and post hoc Tukey test (p = 0.05); letters determine the group based on the level of significance. Data represents three biological replicates.

La planificación que consiste en establecer objetivos y acciones coordinadas que lleven al cumplimiento de éstos, es una herramienta que puede ser utilizada desde el ámbito personal hasta el laboral, un claro ejemplo de este último es en los proyectos que se desarrollan dentro de las empresas en los cuales la planificación es uno de los pilares que garantiza la organización y correcta ejecución. Por lo tanto, en el presente ensayo se abordará el tema de la importancia de la planificación en los proyectos viales, iniciando con la definición de los proyectos viales, seguido por la explicación de algunas partes dentro de los proyectos y enfatizando en la planificación, por último, reconociendo la relación entre la planificación y los proyectos viales. The planning that consists in establishing objectives and coordinated actions that lead to the fulfillment of these, is a tool that can be used from the personal to the work field, a clear example of the latter is in the projects that are developed within the companies in which planning is one of the pillars that guarantees the organization and correct execution. Therefore, the present trial will address the issue of the importance of planning in road projects, starting with the definition of road projects, followed by by the explanation of some parts within the projects and emphasizing planning, in last, recognizing the relationship between planning and road projects. Pregrado

92 p. La escuela y la educación tiene la gran labor de mejorar el nivel de desarrollo de estudiantes y ubicarlos en una posición académica eficiente donde se formen de manera integral, también ayuda y orienta al educando impartiendo valores que les ayude a fomentar una cultura para la sana convivencia, enfocándolos hacia la gestión de proyectos de vida, teniendo en cuenta lo anteriormente mencionado se puede afirmar que en el grado de sexto grado de la Institución Educativa Juan José Nieto Gil de Cartagena de Indias durante el diagnóstico se observó algunas situaciones que obstaculizan el aprendizaje y la labor del docente, la cual es manifestada con malos comportamientos y de rendimiento académicos en los estudiantes. El Objetivo del proyecto fue Analizar como la convivencia escolar incide en el rendimiento académico de los estudiantes que pertenecen al sexto grado de la Institución Educativa Juan José Nieto Gil de Cartagena de Indias. Con un paradigma empírico analítica y una metodología cuantitativa se obtuvo como resultado. En la investigación se pudo observar en los estudiantes pertenecientes al sexto grado de la Institución Educativa Juan José Nieto Gil de la ciudad de Cartagena de Indias, presentan un desempeño bajo en la parte académica, la cual es visualizada desde la realidad de los actores participantes en el proceso de enseñanza – aprendizaje. Es necesario que se trabaje en las relaciones interpersonales para el mejoramiento de la convivencia escolar, puesto que las relaciones que existen entre los estudiantes de sexto grado son regulares, lo cual incita un poco a que haya indisciplina y el irrespeto dentro y fuera del aula de clases. The school and education has the great task of improving the level of development of students and placing them in an efficient academic position where they are trained in an integral way, it also helps and guides the student by imparting values that help them promote a culture for healthy coexistence , focusing them on the management of life projects, taking into account the aforementioned, it can be affirmed that in the sixth grade of the Juan José Nieto Gil of Cartagena of Indias Educational Institution, during the diagnosis some situations were observed that hinder learning and the work of the teacher, which is manifested with bad behavior and academic performance in students. The objective of the project was to analyze how school coexistence affects the academic performance of students who belong to the sixth grade of the Juan José Nieto Gil de Cartagena de India Educational Institution. With an analytical empirical paradigm and a quantitative methodology, it was obtained as a result. In the research, it was observed in the students belonging to the sixth grade of the Juan José Nieto Gil Educational Institution of the city of Cartagena of India, they present a low performance in the academic part, which is visualized from the reality of the participating actors in the teaching-learning process. It is necessary to work on interpersonal relationships to improve school coexistence, since the relationships that exist between sixth grade students are regular, which incites a bit to indiscipline and disrespect inside and outside the classroom. lessons.

The increasing penetration of power electronics interfaced generation causes among others a displacement of conventional generation. Conventional generation has an inherent voltage control capability and therefore, these capabilities at the disposal of Transmission System Operators are decreasing. A survey conducted by members of the MIGRATE consortium indeed shows that Transmission System Operators expect voltage stability to be of increased concern for securely operating the power system. It is therefore crucial that control room operators are able to efficiently monitor the voltage stability of their power system, as well as get insights on how changes in load or generation influences the voltage stability. In this work, a new concept for monitoring the voltage stability is proposed. This concept includes a new index, the Normalized Voltage Instability Sensitivity Index N-VISI, and is able to effectively illustrate the impact of generation and load developments on the voltage stability in operational timeframes. Especially the way how different penetration levels of power electronics interfaced generation influence the small disturbance voltage stability can be effectively addressed and visualised. Following the illustration of this new index, high-level guidelines for implementing the N-VISI in the control centre are provided.

Conservationist systems of crop management increases the amount of substrate, alters fertility and increases soil biological activity. The objective of this study was to evaluate the influence of soil management systems on the chemical attributes and microbial activity of soil under cassava crop. The experiment was set as completely randomized design in a factorial scheme of 2 x 3 x 2, being two systems of cultivation (minimum with only mown; minimum with mown and incorporation), three types of soil coverage (fallow; Crotalaria juncea L.; Canavalia ensiformis L.) and two soil depths (0-0.10 and 0.10-0.20 m), with four repetitions. The production of dry mass from cover crops, the soil chemical attributes and the soil microbial activity were evaluated. There were no differences between management systems, and the C. juncea cover crop presented superior dry mass production among the soil coverages. The concentrations of soil Ca and K were greater in the fallow coverage and C. juncea areas in the 0-0.10 m soil layer; however, these nutrients differ in the soil layer below (0.10-0.20 m). There were no differences for the basal respiration of soil microorganisms in both soil depths or among soil coverage, but the carbon from microbial biomass was superior in the most superficial soil layer where more substrate is available to soil microorganisms. RESUMO O aporte de resíduos vegetais no solo proporcionado pelos sistemas conservacionistas de manejo aumenta a quantidade de substrato, altera a fertilidade e aumenta a atividade biológica do solo. O objetivo deste estudo foi avaliar a influencia dos sistemas de manejo nos atributos químicos e na atividade microbiana do solo sob cultivo de mandioca. Com delineamento inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 3 x 2, foram avaliados dois sistemas de cultivo mínimo (somente roçado; roçado e incorporado), três tipos de cobertura (pousio; Crotalaria juncea L.; Canavalia ensiformis L.) e duas profundidades (0-0,10 e 0,10-0,20 m), com quatro repetições. Foram avaliados a produção de massa seca das coberturas, os atributos químicos e a atividade microbiana do solo. Não houve diferenças entre sistemas de cultivo mínimo e a C. juncea apresentou a maior produção de massa seca. Os teores de potássio e cálcio foram superiores nas áreas com resíduos de pousio e C. juncea na camada de 0-0,10 m; no entanto, estes nutrientes diferem na camada do solo abaixo 0,10-0,20 m. Não houve diferenças entre a respiração basal de microorganismo do solo em ambas as profundidades e coberturas, mas o carbono da biomassa microbiana foi superior na camada mais superficial, onde há mais substrato disponível para os microorganismos do solo.

UWB (ultra-wide band) systems transmit low power signals through communication channels that operate in closed environments and in short distances resulting in multiple propagation trajectories. Moreover, the noise affecting these channels can be characterized by the use of statistical models with heavier tails that the ones exhibited by gaussian distribution. This article proposes a robust approach for the estimation of the parameters of UWB channels based on the weighted median. More specifically, it develops an algorithm of greedy search that exploits the low density characteristic of the channel’s impulsive response, in which the gains and delays of the relevant channels are determined by applying the weighted median on an scaled and displaced version of the signal received. This newly introduced algorithm is evaluated using extensive simulations in which the performance of the proposed algorithm surpasses the performance of the traditional greedy search algorithm for different levels of impulsive noise. Os sistemas UWB (ultra-wide band) transmitem sinais a baixa potência por meio de canais de comunicação que operam em ambientes fechados e em distâncias curtas, o que origina múltiplas trajetórias de propagação. Além disso, o ruído que afeta esses canais pode ser caracterizado mediante o uso de modelos estatísticos de caudas mais pesadas que as exibidas pela distribuição gaussiana. Neste artigo, propõe-se uma abordagem robusta para estimar os parâmetros dos canais UWB baseado na média ponderada. Em específico, desenvolve-se um algoritmo de busca voraz que aproveita a característica pouco densa da resposta impulsiva do canal, em que os ganhos e os atrasos dos canais relevantes são determinados aplicando a média ponderada sobre uma versão escalada e deslocada do sinal recebido. O algoritmo proposto é avaliado usando extensas simulações nas quais o rendimento do algoritmo proposto supera o desempenho do algoritmo de busca voraz tradicional para diferentes níveis de ruído impulsivo. Los sistemas UWB (ultra-wide band) transmiten señales a baja potencia a través de canales de comunicaciones que operan en entornos cerrados y en distancias cortas, lo que origina múltiples trayectorias de propagación. Además, el ruido que afecta a estos canales se puede caracterizar mediante el uso de modelos estadísticos de colas más pesadas que las exhibidas por la distribución gaussiana. En este artículo, se propone un enfoque robusto para la estimación de los parámetros de los canales UWB basado en la mediana ponderada. Específicamente, se desarrolla un algoritmo de búsqueda voraz que aprovecha la característica poco densa de la respuesta impulsiva del canal, donde las ganancias y los retardos de los canales relevantes se determinan aplicando la mediana ponderada sobre una versión escalada y desplazada de la señal recibida. El algoritmo propuesto se evalúa usando extensas simulaciones en las que el rendimiento del algoritmo propuesto supera el desempeño del algoritmo de búsqueda voraz tradicional para diferentes niveles de ruido impulsivo.

Supplemental Material, Code_Status_-_Supplemental_Data for Factors Associated With DNR Status After Nontraumatic Intracranial Hemorrhage by Kaitlyn Lillemoe, Aaron Lord, Jose Torres, Koto Ishida, Barry Czeisler and Ariane Lewis in The Neurohospitalist

This report summarises recent findings on wind integration from the 17 countries and Wind Europe participating in the International Energy Agency (IEA) Wind collaboration research Task 25 from 2015–2017. Both real experiences and studies are reported. Many wind integration studies incorporate solar energy, and most of the results discussed here are valid for other variable renewables in addition to wind.The participating countries report increasing shares of wind on average: 43% annual energy in Denmark, about 25% in Ireland, Portugal and in the province of Prince Edward Island in Canada, and more than 30% in Iowa, South Dakota, Kansas, and Oklahoma in the USA. During certain hours more than 100% instantaneous share has been achieved in Denmark and Portugal, more than 80% in Italy and Germany, and the island power system of Ireland has seen 79% of demand, against an allowable 65% share from non-synchronous sources.The national case studies address several impacts of wind power on electric power systems. In this report, they are grouped under long-term planning issues and short-term operational impacts. Long-term planning issues include grid planning and capacity adequacy. Short-term operational impacts include reliability, stability, reserves, and maximising the value of wind in operational timescales (balancing related issues). The first section presents the variability and uncertainty of power system-wide wind power, and the last section presents recent wind integration studies for higher shares of wind power. The appendix provides a summary of ongoing research in the national projects contributing to Task 25 for 2018–2020.

Objective. To determine the rate of adverse events in patients with acute heart failure (AHF) who were discharged from the emergency department (ED) after classification as low risk according to MEESSI score (multiple risk estimate based on the Spanish ED scale), to analyze the ability of the score to predict events, and to explore variables associated with adverse events. Methods. Patients in the EAHFE registry (Epidemiology of Acute Heart Failure in EDs) were stratified according to risk indicated by MEESSI score in order to identify those considered at low risk on discharge. All-cause 30-day mortality and revisits related to AHF within 7 days and 30 days were recorded. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was calculated for the MEESSI score's ability to predict these events. Associations between 42 variables and 7-day and 30-day revisits to the ED were analyzed by multivariable logistic regression. Results. A total of 1028 patients were included. The 30-day mortality rate was 1.6% (95% CI, 0.9%-2.5%). The 7-day and 30-day revisit rates were 8.0% (95% CI, 6.4%-9.8%) and 24.7% (95% CI, 22.1%-25.7%), respectively. The AUCs for MEESSI score discrimination between patients with and without these outcomes were as follows: 30-day mortality, 0.69 (95% CI, 0.58-0.80); 7-day revisiting, 0.56 (95% CI, 0.49-0.63); and 30-day revisiting, 0.54 (95% CI, 0.50-0.59). Variables associated with 7-day revisits were long-term diuretic treatment (odds ratio [OR], 2.45; 95% CI, 1.01-5.98), hemoglobin concentration less than 110 g/L (OR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.02-2.75), and intravenous diuretic treatment in the ED (OR, 0.53; 95% CI, 0.31-0.90). Variables associated with 30-day revisits were peripheral artery disease (OR, 1.74; 95% CI, 1.01-3.00), prior history of an AHF episode (OR, 1.42; 95% CI, 1.02-1.98), long-term mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist treatment (OR, 1.71; 95% CI, 1.09-2.67), Barthel index less than 90 points in the ED (OR, 1.48; 95% CI, 1.07-2.06), and intravenous diuretic treatment in the ED (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.40-0.84). Conclusions. Patients with AHF who are at low risk for adverse events on discharge from our EDs have event rates that are near internationally recommended targets. The MEESSI score, which was designed to predict 30-day mortality, is a poor predictor of 7-day or 30-day revisiting in these low-risk patients. We identified other factors related to these events.

This article belongs to the Special Issue Selected Papers from NUTRIMAD 2018. Diet-related risk factors and physical inactivity are among the leading risk factors for disability and are responsible for a large proportion of the burden of chronic non-communicable diseases. Food-based dietary guidelines (FBDGs) are useful tools for nutrition policies and public health strategies to promote healthier eating and physical activity. In this paper, we discuss the process followed in developing the dietary guidelines for the Spanish population by the Spanish Society of Community Nutrition (SENC) and further explain the collaboration with primary healthcare practitioners as presented in the context of the NUTRIMAD 2018 international congress of SENC. From a health in all policies approach, SENC convened a group of experts in nutrition and public health to review the evidence on diet-health, nutrient intake and food consumption in the Spanish population, as well as food preparation, determinants and impact of diet on environmental sustainability. The collaborative group drafted the document and designed the graphic icon, which was then subject to a consultation process, discussion, and qualitative evaluation. Next, a collaborative group was established to plan a dissemination strategy, involving delegates from all the primary healthcare scientific societies in Spain. A product of this collaboration was the release of an attractive, easy-to-understand publication.