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This work is divided into two chapters. The first one deals with a theoretical, documented and technical part about the development of one of the most symbolic flights from the aviation point of view: the first non-stop transatlantic flight between New York and Paris, achieved by Charles Augustus Lindbergh with his Ryan M-2, named as Spirit of St. Louis. It is theoretical and documented since events and decisions justifying the evolution of the history are included and, at the same time, it is technical and scientific, as details linked to aircraft manufacturing, engine performances and specifications, cartography and instrumental panel devices are deeply explained. The second chapter, which is more connected to graphic design, consists of shaping the Spirit of St. Louis, using SolidWorks software. Both chapters share the purpose of analyzing and contextualizing how the starting point of current aviation was born. To achieve this, the following book references, understood as key elements on which this work is based, have been used: The Spirit of St. Louis book, published 25 years after his milestone, in which he explains the transatlantic flight and Spirit of St. Louis, Ryan Monoplane (1927) book, which includes more technical and illustrated figures. Finally, regarding results, the created model shows a reasonable scale error so as to conclude that it is a faithful reproduction, taking into account the original proportions.

Long-haul low-cost carrier (LHLC) business models are generating considerable interest from the aviation practitioners and academics. Despite the high interest for the LHLC business model, only few have compared the LHLC business model to hybrid carrier business model and studied how airlines can compete with LHLCs. This paper analyses the differences of hybrid and long-haul low-cost carrier models and shows how Aer Lingus airlines has secured its dominant position in the Irish-US market. Product comparison with the help of in-depth interviews with key aviation practitioners as well as secondary data about the capacity and demand of the two carriers in question proves the differences between the two models. Porter five forces model provides an overview of the external competitive environment where the airlines in question operate. The research concluded that the hybrid and long-haul low-cost business model characteristics have many similarities, but also significant differences. It was also discovered that LHLC lack capacity and frequency as well as feeder traffic are very important elements for the transatlantic market. Robust route network including interline traffic and low operating cost, elements present in the hybrid airline business model, ensure profitability.

The air transport industry is expanding rapidly and it is a driving force in the globalization of economic activity through its global air service networks. International organizations such as the WTO and ICAO, as well as trade blocks and economic unions such as NAFTA and the EU, are in the process of examining the regulatory framework necessary to enable competition on an enlarged international basis. While much research has been undertaken into issues such as airline competition, airport regulation, and pricing policies,there has been very little focus on the role of the institutions designing and managing the air transport industry in national and international contexts. The purpose of this chapter is to give an overview of the nature and role of institutions in aviation in Europe and the US and to explore potential research issues relating to institutional arrangements in the operation of the air transport sector. The chapter will investigate in a general way some of the institutional differences between Europe and the US and the evolution of institutions in the transatlantic market. Not applicable

The air transport industry is expanding rapidly and it is a driving force in the globalization of economic activity through its global air service networks. International organizations such as the WTO and ICAO, as well as trade blocks and economic unions such as NAFTA and the EU, are in the process of examining the regulatory framework necessary to enable competition on an enlarged international basis. While much research has been undertaken into issues such as airline competition, airport regulation, and pricing policies,there has been very little focus on the role of the institutions designing and managing the air transport industry in national and international contexts. The purpose of this chapter is to give an overview of the nature and role of institutions in aviation in Europe and the US and to explore potential research issues relating to institutional arrangements in the operation of the air transport sector. The chapter will investigate in a general way some of the institutional differences between Europe and the US and the evolution of institutions in the transatlantic market.