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3. Rationale and Study Design for an Individualized Perioperative Open Lung Ventilatory Strategy in Patients on One-Lung Ventilation (iPROVE-OLV)

Author

Carraminana, A, Ferrando, C, Unzueta, MC, Navarro, R, Suarez-Sipmann, F, Tusman, G, Garutti, I, Soro, M, Pozo, N, Librero, J, Gallego, L, Ramasco, F, Rabanal, JM, Rodriguez, A, Sastre, J, Martinez, J, Coves, S, Garcia, P, Aguirre-Puig, P, Yepes, J, Lluch, A, Lopez-Herrera, D, Leal, S, Vives, M, Bellas, S, Socorro, T, Trespalacios, R, Salazar, CJ, Mugarra, A, Cinnella, G, Spadaro, S, Futier, E, Ferrer, L, Cabrera, M, Ribeiro, H, Celestino, C, Kucur, E, Cervantes, O, Morocho, D, Delphy, D, Ramos, C, Villar, J, Belda, J, Monedero, P, Martinez, S, Comino, O, Coy, A, Armengol, L, Pineiro, P, Cruz, P, Duque, P, de la Gala, FA, Sanchez, G, Olmedilla, L, de la Fuente, E, Erquicia, I, Reyes, A, Lopez, E, Palencia, M, Bunger, B, Ramos, R, Terradillos, E, Almaraz, C, Lujan, LM, Lopez, A, Femenia, F, Botella, S, Cimadevilla, B, Pascual, R, Pardo, S, Gonzalez, M, Lopez, C, Trabanco, S, Zaldibar, E, Barolome, MJ, Pereira, D, Otero, T, Blanco, L, Reparaz, JR, Ceresuela, R, Castellano, P, Martinez, P, Martinez, O, Franco, J, Hernandez, J, Pastor, O, Solera, J, Guerra, E, Dib, ZH, Farina, R, Cabrera, S, Arribas, MP, Sastre, JA, de Celis, I, Pascual, MJ, Garcia-Barberena, B, Arango, E, Amaya, O, Madrid, G, Triana, C, Pabon, S, Diaz, DP, Ortells, F, Perez, B, Aracil, R, Sanchez, R, Acosta, J, de la Matta, M, Gonzalez, D, Mirabella, L, Rauseo, M, Lamanna, A, Volta, CA, Ragazzi, R, Cachapuz, M, Correia, I, Parera, A, Argilaga, M, Azparren, G, Bausili, M, Almajano, R, Aragon, C, Colas, A, Cotera, I, Embun, R, Forcada, P, Garces, C, Gil, F, Gracia, A, Herrero, M, Izquierdo, B, Molinos, I, Munoz, N, Puertolas, M, Quesada, N, Recuero, JL, Royo, I, Romero, B, Rubio, B, Sandin, F, Sanjuan-Villarreal, TA, Visiedo, S, Cordoba, J, Pintor, J, Planas, A, Nieves, JM, Garcia, E, Vallejo, C, Santidrian, S, Rofso, P, Arocas, B, Gutierrez, A, Charco, P, Parra, MJ, Carbonell, JA, Jurado, A, Serralta, F, Sancho, L, Barcena, E, Lascorz, L, Belmonte, L, Cuervo, J, Florea, R, Monleon, B, Perez, S, Garcia, L, Hurtado, L, Pardo, P, Segura, N, Utrera, E, Martin, B, Mellado, P, Arcas, JJ, Martinez, N, Maric, M, Munoz, LE, Gonzalez, RC, Busquets, J, Homs, M, Jimenez, A, Pintanel, T, Martinez, E, Moret, E, Sercakacilar, G, Diaz, M, Souteiro, JT, Benito, A, Cebrian, A, Mestres, G, Mohamed, MI, Yousef, SA, Osman, YM, Moreno, A, Tutillo, A, Pilco, H, Pena, A, Llano, M, Carrillo, E, Salazar, C, Dominguez, D, Espinosa, E, and iPROVE-OLV Network

Subjects
one-lung ventilation, postoperative pulmonary complications, respiratory system, mechanical ventilation, positive end-expiratory pressure, recruitment maneuvers
Abstract

Objective: The aim of this clinical trial is to examine whether it is possible to reduce postoperative complications using an individualized perioperative ventilatory strategy versus using a standard lung-protective ventilation strategy in patients scheduled for thoracic surgery requiring one-lung ventilation. Design: International, multicenter, prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial. Setting: A network of university hospitals. Participants: The study comprises 1,380 patients scheduled for thoracic surgery. Interventions: The individualized group will receive intraoperative recruitment maneuvers followed by individualized positive end-expiratory pressure (open lung approach) during the intraoperative period plus postoperative ventilatory support with high-flow nasal cannula, whereas the control group will be managed with conventional lung-protective ventilation. Measurements and Main Results: Individual and total number of postoperative complications, including atelectasis, pneumothorax, pleural effusion, pneumonia, acute lung injury; unplanned readmission and reintubation; length of stay and death in the critical care unit and in the hospital will be analyzed for both groups. The authors hypothesize that the intraoperative application of an open lung approach followed by an individual indication of high-flow nasal cannula in the postoperative period will reduce pulmonary complications and length of hospital stay in high-risk surgical patients. (C) 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc.

Published
2019

4. Relationships Between Outdoor Time, Physical Activity, Sedentary Time, and Body Mass Index in Children: A 12-Country Study

Author

Larouche, R, Mire, Ef, Belanger, K, Barreira, Tv, Chaput, Jp, Fogelholm, M, Hu, G, Lambert, Ev, Maher, C, Maia, J, Olds, T, Onywera, V, Sarmiento, Ol, Standage, M, Tudor-Locke, C, Katzmarzyk, Pt, Tremblay, Ms, Church, Ts, Lambert, Dg, Barreira, T, Broyles, S, Butitta, B, Champagne, C, Cocreham, S, Dentro, K, Drazba, K, Harrington, D, Johnson, W, Milauskas, D, Mire, E, Tohme, A, Rodarte, R, Amoroso, B, Luopa, J, Neiberg, R, Rushing, S, Lewis, L, Ferrar, K, Georgiadis, E, Stanley, R, Matsudo, Vkr, Matsudo, S, Araujo, T, de Oliveira LC, Rezende, L, Fabiano, L, Bezerra, D, Ferrari, G, Belanger, P, Borghese, M, Boyer, C, Leblanc, A, Francis, C, Leduc, G, Zhao, P, Diao, Cm, Li, W, Li WQ Liu, Liu, Eq, GS Liu HY, Ma, J, Qiao, Yj, Tian, Hg, Wang, Y, Zhang, T, Zhang, Fx, Sarmiento, O, Acosta, J, Alvira, Y, Diaz, Mp, Gamez, R, Garcia, Mp, Gomez, Lg, Gonzalez, L, Gonzalez, S, Grijalba, C, Gutierrez, L, Leal, D, Lemus, N, Mahecha, E, Mahecha, Mp, Mahecha, R, Ramirez, A, Rios, P, Suarez, A, Triana, C, Hovi, E, Kivela, J, Rasanen, S, Sanna, Roito, Taru, Saloheimo, Valta, L, Kurpad, A, Kuriyan, R, Lokesh, Dp, D'Almeida, Ms, Mattilda, Ra, Correa, L, Vijay, D, Wachira, Lj, Muthuri, S, Borges, Ad, Cachada, Sos, de Chaves RN, Gomes, Tnqf, Pereira, Sis, Santos, Dmde, dos Santos FK, da Silva PGR, de Souza MC, Lambert, V, April, M, Uys, M, Naidoo, N, Synyanya, N, Carstens, M, Cumming, S, Drenowatz, C, Emm, L, Gillison, F, Zakrzewski, J, Braud, A, Donatto, S, Lemon, C, Jackson, A, Pearson, A, Pennington, G, Ragus, D, Roubion, R, Schuna, J, Wiltz, D, Batterham, A, Kerr, J, Pratt, M, Pietrobelli, A, Larouche, Richard, Barreira, Tiago V., Hu, Gang, Maia, José, Sarmiento, Olga L., Katzmarzyk, Peter T., Mire, Emily F., Chaput, Jean Philippe, Lambert, Estelle V., Olds, Tim, Standage, Martyn, Belanger, Kevin, Fogelholm, Mikael, Maher, Carol, Onywera, Vincent, Tudor-Locke, Catrine, Tremblay, Mark S., and ISCOLE Research Group

Subjects
Male, medicine.medical_specialty, Pediatric Obesity, Time Factors, Sports medicine, Cross-sectional study, health promotion, RJ101, Health Behavior, Physical activity, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Standard score, RA773, Body Mass Index, RC1200, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Residence Characteristics, Surveys and Questionnaires, Accelerometry, medicine, Humans, Orthopedics and Sports Medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, 2. Zero hunger, Sedentary time, exercise, 030229 sport sciences, medicine.disease, motor behavior, Obesity, Country study, Cross-Sectional Studies, Social Class, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, epidemiology, Female, Sedentary Behavior, Psychology, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract

Purpose: This study investigated the relationship between outdoor time and physical activity (PA), sedentary time (SED), and body mass index z scores among children from 12 lower-middle-income, upper-middle-income, and high-income countries. Methods: In total, 6478 children (54.4% girls) aged 9–11 years participated. Outdoor time was self-reported, PA and SED were assessed with ActiGraph GT3X+ accelerometers, and height and weight were measured. Data on parental education, neighborhood collective efficacy, and accessibility to neighborhood recreation facilities were collected from parent questionnaires. Country latitude and climate statistics were collected through national weather data sources. Gender-stratified multilevel models with parental education, climate, and neighborhood variables as covariates were used to examine the relationship between outdoor time, accelerometry measures, and body mass index z scores. Results: Each additional hour per day spent outdoors was associated with higher moderate- to vigorous-intensity PA (boys: +2.8 min/d; girls: +1.4 min/d), higher light-intensity PA (boys: +2.0 min/d; girls: +2.3 min/d), and lower SED (boys: −6.3 min/d; girls: −5.1 min/d). Effect sizes were generally weaker in lower-middle-income countries. Outdoor time was not associated with body mass index z scores. Conclusions: Outdoor time was associated with higher PA and lower SED independent of climate, parental education, and neighborhood variables, but effect sizes were small. However, more research is needed in low- and middle-income countries.

Published
2019
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5. Meta-Analysis of the Relationship between Deep Brain Stimulation in Patients with Parkinson’s Disease and Performance in Evaluation Tests for Executive Brain Functions

Author

Martínez-Martínez, A. M., Aguilar, O. M., and Acevedo-Triana, C. A.

Subjects
Article Subject
Abstract

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative condition, which compromises the motor functions and causes the alteration of some executive brain functions. The presence of changes in cognitive symptoms in PD could be due to the procedure of deep brain stimulation (DBS). We searched in several databases for studies that compared performance in executive function tests before and after the DBS procedure in PE and then performed a meta-analysis. After the initial search, there were 15 articles that specifically evaluated the functions of verbal fluency, working memory, cognitive flexibility, abstract thinking, and inhibition. It was found that there were differences in the evaluation of the cognitive functions in terms of the protocols, which generated heterogeneity in the results of the meta-analysis. Likewise, a tendency to diminish functions like verbal fluency and inhibition was found, being this consistent with similar studies. In the other functions evaluated, no difference was found between pre- and postsurgery scores. Monitoring of this type of function is recommended after the procedure.

Published
2017
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6. Relationships between Parental Education and Overweight with Childhood Overweight and Physical Activity in 9-11 Year Old Children: Results from a 12-Country Study

Author

Muthuri, S. K., Onywera, V. O., Tremblay, M. S., Broyles, S. T., Chaput, J. P., Fogelholm, M., Hu, G., Kuriyan, R., Kurpad, A., Lambert, E. V., Maher, C., Maia, J., Matsudo, V., Olds, T., Sarmiento, O. L., Standage, M., Tudor Locke, C., Zhao, P., Church, T. S., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Lambert, D. G., Barreira, T., Broyles, S., Butitta, B., Champagne, C., Cocreham, S., Denstel, K. D., Drazba, K., Harrington, D., Johnson, W., Milauskas, D., Mire, E., Tohme, A., Rodarte, R., Amoroso, B., Luopa, J., Neiberg, R., Rushing, S., Lewis, L., Ferrar, K., Georgiadis, E., Stanley, R., Matsudo, V. K. R., Matsudo, S., Araujo, T., De Oliveira, L. C., Fabiano, L., Bezerra, D., Ferrari, G., Bélanger, P., Borghese, M., Boyer, C., Leblanc, A., Francis, C., Leduc, G., Diao, C., Li, W., Liu, E., Liu, G., Liu, H., Ma, J., Qiao, Y., Tian, H., Wang, Y., Zhang, T., Zhang, F., Sarmiento, O., Acosta, J., Alvira, Y., Diaz, M. P., Gamez, R., Garcia, M. P., Gómez, L. G., Gonzalez, L., Gonzalez, S., Grijalba, C., Gutierrez, L., Leal, D., Lemus, N., Mahecha, E., Mahecha, M. P., Mahecha, R., Ramirez, A., Rios, P., Suarez, A., Triana, C., Hovi, E., Kivelä, J., Räsänen, S., Roito, S., Saloheimo, T., Valta, L., Lokesh, D. P., D'Almeida, M. S., Mattilda R, A., Correa, L., Vijay, D., Wachira, L. J., Muthuri, S., Da Silva Borges, A., Sá Cachada, S. O., De Chaves, R. N., Gomes, T. N. Q. F., Pereira, S. I. S., De Vilhena E. Santos, D. M., Dos Santos, F. K., Da Silva, P. G. R., De Souza, M. C., Lambert, V., April, M., Uys, M., Naidoo, N., Synyanya, N., Carstens, M., Cumming, S., Drenowatz, C., Emm, L., Gillison, F., Zakrzewski, J., Braud, A., Donatto, S., Lemon, C., Jackson, A., Pearson, A., Pennington, G., Ragus, D., Roubion, R., Schuna, J., Wiltz, J. r., Batterham, A., Kerr, J., Pratt, M., Pietrobelli, Angelo, Muthuri, Stella K, Onywera, Vincent O, Tremblay, Mark S, Broyles, Stephanie T, Chaput, Jean-Philippe, Fogelholm, Mikael, Hu, Gang, Kuriyan, Rebecca, Kurpad, Anura, Lambert, Estelle V, Maher, Carol, Maia, José, Matsudo, Victor, Olds, Timothy, Sarmiento, Olga L, Standage, Martyn, Tudor-Locke, Catrine, Zhao, Pei, Church, Timothy S, Katzmarzyk, Peter T, MRC/UCT RU for Exercise and Sport Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Food and Nutrition, and Nutrition Science

Subjects
Gerontology, Male, Parents, Pediatric Obesity, Physiology, Economics, Physical fitness, Economics of Training and Education, SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN, BODY-MASS INDEX, OBESITY, Social Sciences, lcsh:Medicine, physical activity, DETERMINANTS, RA773, Overweight, Pediatrics, Families, Fathers, 0302 clinical medicine, Sociology, Risk Factors, Medicine and Health Sciences, Public and Occupational Health, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, lcsh:Science, Children, 2. Zero hunger, Human Capital, Family Characteristics, Multidisciplinary, Child Health, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, FAMILY, TIME, 3. Good health, Multidisciplinary Sciences, YOUTH, Physiological Parameters, Population Surveillance, educational attainment, OBESITY, child health, Educational Status, ADIPOSITY, Female, SCHOOL-AGED CHILDREN, medicine.symptom, childhood obesity, TRANSITION, BEHAVIOR, Research Article, Childhood Obesity, Mothers, 030209 endocrinology & metabolism, fathers, Childhood obesity, Education, 03 medical and health sciences, children, medicine, Humans, Body Weights and Measures, economics of training and education, Socioeconomic status, Exercise, Life Style, Educational Attainment, business.industry, Body Weight, lcsh:R, Biology and Life Sciences, Odds ratio, Physical Activity, medicine.disease, Obesity, Educational attainment, BODY-MASS INDEX, mothers, Age Groups, People and Places, Population Groupings, lcsh:Q, business, Body mass index, Demography
Abstract

Background: Globally, the high prevalence of overweight and low levels of physical activity among children has serious implications for morbidity and premature mortality in adulthood. Various parental factors are associated with childhood overweight and physical activity. The objective of this paper was to investigate relationships between parental education or overweight, and (i) child overweight, (ii) child physical activity, and (iii) explore household coexistence of overweight, in a large international sample. Methods: Data were collected from 4752 children (9–11 years) as part of the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment in 12 countries around the world. Physical activity of participating children was assessed by accelerometry, and body weight directly measured. Questionnaires were used to collect parents' education level, weight, and height. Results: Maternal and paternal overweight were positively associated with child overweight. Higher household coexistence of parent-child overweight was observed among overweight children compared to the total sample. There was a positive relationship between maternal education and child overweight in Colombia 1.90 (1.23–2.94) [odds ratio (confidence interval)] and Kenya 4.80 (2.21–10.43), and a negative relationship between paternal education and child overweight in Brazil 0.55 (0.33–0.92) and the USA 0.54 (0.33–0.88). Maternal education was negatively associated with children meeting physical activity guidelines in Colombia 0.53 (0.33–0.85), Kenya 0.35 (0.19–0.63), and Portugal 0.54 (0.31–0.96). Conclusions: Results are aligned with previous studies showing positive associations between parental and child overweight in all countries, and positive relationships between parental education and child overweight or negative associations between parental education and child physical activity in lower economic status countries. Relationships between maternal and paternal education and child weight status and physical activity appear to be related to the developmental stage of different countries. Given these varied relationships, it is crucial to further explore familial factors when investigating child overweight and physical activity. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Published
2016

7. The development and analysis of tutorial dialogues in AutoTutor Lite

Author

Priscilla G. Brust-Renck, Triana C. Williams, Elizabeth M. Cedillos, Valerie F. Reyna, Christopher R. Fisher, Colin L. Widmer, Xiangen Hu, Christopher R. Wolfe, Audrey M. Weil, and Isabella Damas Vannucchi

Subjects
Educational measurement, Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice, Knowledge management, ComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISION, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, Breast Neoplasms, Semantics, Risk Assessment, Intelligent tutoring system, Article, User-Computer Interface, Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous), Fuzzy Logic, Patient Education as Topic, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Mathematics education, Humans, Genetic Testing, TUTOR, General Psychology, Decision Making, Computer-Assisted, computer.programming_language, Natural Language Processing, Internet, GiST, business.industry, Rubric, Reproducibility of Results, Female, Psychology (miscellaneous), Fuzzy-trace theory, Educational Measurement, business, Psychology, computer, Natural language, Computer-Assisted Instruction
Abstract

The goal of intelligent tutoring systems (ITS) that interact in natural language is to emulate the benefits that a well-trained human tutor provides to students, by interpreting student answers and appropriately responding in order to encourage elaboration. BRCA Gist is an ITS developed using AutoTutor Lite, a Web-based version of AutoTutor. Fuzzy-trace theory theoretically motivated the development of BRCA Gist, which engages people in tutorial dialogues to teach them about genetic breast cancer risk. We describe an empirical method to create tutorial dialogues and fine-tune the calibration of BRCA Gist’s semantic processing engine without a team of computer scientists. We created five interactive dialogues centered on pedagogic questions such as “What should someone do if she receives a positive result for genetic risk of breast cancer?” This method involved an iterative refinement process of repeated testing with different texts and successively making adjustments to the tutor’s expectations and settings in order to improve performance. The goal of this method was to enable BRCA Gist to interpret and respond to answers in a manner that best facilitated learning. We developed a method to analyze the efficacy of the tutor’s dialogues. We found that BRCA Gist’s assessment of participants’ answers was highly correlated with the quality of the answers found by trained human judges using a reliable rubric. The dialogue quality between users and BRCA Gist predicted performance on a breast cancer risk knowledge test completed after exposure to the tutor. The appropriateness of BRCA Gist’s feedback also predicted the quality of answers and breast cancer risk knowledge test scores.

Published
2013

15. Improving wear time compliance with a 24-hour waist-worn accelerometer protocol in the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE)

Author

Tudor Locke, C., Barreira, T. V., Schuna, J. M., Mire, E. F., Chaput, J. P., Fogelholm, M., Hu, G., Kuriyan, R., Kurpad, A., Lambert, E. V., Maher, C., Maia, J., Matsudo, V., Olds, T., Onywera, V., Sarmiento, O. L., Standage, M., Tremblay, M. S., Zhao, P., Church, T. S., Katzmarzyk, P. T., Lambert, D. G., Barreira, T., Broyles, S., Butitta, B., Champagne, C., Cocreham, S., Dentro, K., Drazba, K., Harrington, D., Johnson, W., Milauskas, D., Mire, E., Tohme, A., Rodarte, R., Amoroso, B., Luopa, J., Neiberg, R., Rushing, S., Lewis, L., Ferrar, K., Physio, B., Georgiadis, E., Stanley, R., Matsudo, V. K. R., Matsudo, S., Araujo, T., de Oliveira, L. C., Rezende, L., Fabiano, L., Bezerra, D., Ferrari, G., Bélanger, P., Borghese, M., Boyer, C., Leblanc, A., Francis, C., Leduc, G., Diao, C., Li, W., Liu, E., Liu, G., Liu, H., Ma, J., Qiao, Y., Tian, H., Wang, Y., Zhang, T., Zhang, F., Sarmiento, O., Acosta, J., Alvira, Y., Diaz, M. P., Gamez, R., Garcia, M. P., Gómez, L. G., Gonzalez, L., Gonzalez, S., Grijalba, C., Gutierrez, L., Leal, D., Lemus, N., Mahecha, E., Mahecha, M. P., Mahecha, R., Ramirez, A., Rios, P., Suarez, A., Triana, C., Hovi, E., Kivelä, J., Räsänen, S., Roito, S., Saloheimo, T., Valta, L., Lokesh, D. P., D'Almeida, M. S., Annie Mattilda, R., Correa, L., Vijay, D., Wachira, L. J., Muthuri, S., da Silva Borges, A., Oliveira Sá Cachada, S., de Chaves, R. N., Gomes, T. N. Q. F., Pereira, S. I. S., de Vilhena e. Santos, D. M., dos Santos, F. K., Rodrigues da Silva, P. G., de Souza, M. C., Lambert, V., April, M., Uys, M., Naidoo, N., Synyanya, N., Carstens, M., Donatto, S., Lemon, C., Jackson, A., Pearson, A., Pennington, G., Ragus, D., Roubion, R., Schuna, J., Wiltz, D., Batterham, A., Kerr, J., Pratt, M., Pietrobelli, Angelo, ISCOLE Research Group, Tudor-Locke, Catrine, Barreira, Tiago V, Schuna, John M, Mire, Emily F, Maher, Carol A, Olds, Timothy S, Katzmarzyk, Peter T, University of Helsinki, Department of Food and Nutrition, Nutrition Science, MRC/UCT RU for Exercise and Sport Medicine, and Faculty of Health Sciences

Subjects
Male, Gerontology, Pediatric Obesity, Time Factors, Accelerometry, Exercise, Measurement, Physical activity, Sedentary time, Pediatrics, Medicine (miscellaneous), RA773, Accelerometer, Pediatrics, 0302 clinical medicine, Clinical Protocols, Surveys and Questionnaires, Accelerometry, 030212 general & internal medicine, 315 Sport and fitness sciences, Child, Measurement, Nutrition and Dietetics, ALGORITHMS, Nutrition Surveys, 16. Peace & justice, 3. Good health, Sedentary time, Female, medicine.medical_specialty, Waist, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, Physical activity, Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation, Motor Activity, Childhood obesity, 03 medical and health sciences, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, medicine, Humans, WRIST, Accelerometer data, Wakefulness, Life Style, Exercise, Protocol (science), HIP, business.industry, Methodology, 030229 sport sciences, medicine.disease, United States, PHYSICAL-ACTIVITY, Physical therapy, Sleep, business
Abstract

Background We compared 24-hour waist-worn accelerometer wear time characteristics of 9–11 year old children in the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) to similarly aged U.S. children providing waking-hours waist-worn accelerometer data in the 2003–2006 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Methods Valid cases were defined as having ≥4 days with ≥10 hours of waking wear time in a 24-hour period, including one weekend day. Previously published algorithms for extracting total sleep episode time from 24-hour accelerometer data and for identifying wear time (in both the 24-hour and waking-hours protocols) were applied. The number of valid days obtained and a ratio (percent) of valid cases to the number of participants originally wearing an accelerometer were computed for both ISCOLE and NHANES. Given the two surveys’ discrepant sampling designs, wear time (minutes/day, hours/day) from U.S. ISCOLE was compared to NHANES using a meta-analytic approach. Wear time for the 11 additional countries participating in ISCOLE were graphically compared with NHANES. Results 491 U.S. ISCOLE children (9.92±0.03 years of age [M±SE]) and 586 NHANES children (10.43 ± 0.04 years of age) were deemed valid cases. The ratio of valid cases to the number of participants originally wearing an accelerometer was 76.7% in U.S. ISCOLE and 62.6% in NHANES. Wear time averaged 1357.0 ± 4.2 minutes per 24-hour day in ISCOLE. Waking wear time was 884.4 ± 2.2 minutes/day for U.S. ISCOLE children and 822.6 ± 4.3 minutes/day in NHANES children (difference = 61.8 minutes/day, p

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16. Social mindfulness predicts concern for nature and immigrants across 36 nations

Author

Kelly Kirkland, Paul A. M. Van Lange, Niels J. Van Doesum, Cesar Acevedo-Triana, Catherine E. Amiot, Liisi Ausmees, Peter Baguma, Oumar Barry, Maja Becker, Michal Bilewicz, Watcharaporn Boonyasiriwat, Thomas Castelain, Giulio Costantini, Girts Dimdins, Agustín Espinosa, Gillian Finchilescu, Ronald Fischer, Malte Friese, Ángel Gómez, Roberto González, Nobuhiko Goto, Peter Halama, Ruby D. Ilustrisimo, Gabriela M. Jiga-Boy, Peter Kuppens, Steve Loughnan, Marijana Markovik, Khairul A. Mastor, Neil McLatchie, Lindsay M. Novak, Ike E. Onyishi, Müjde Peker, Muhammad Rizwan, Mark Schaller, Eunkook M. Suh, William B. Swann, Eddie M. W. Tong, Ana Torres, Rhiannon N. Turner, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Alexander Vinogradov, Zhechen Wang, Victoria Wai Lan Yeung, Brock Bastian, Kirkland, K, Van Lange, P, Van Doesum, N, Acevedo-Triana, C, Amiot, C, Ausmees, L, Baguma, P, Barry, O, Becker, M, Bilewicz, M, Boonyasiriwat, W, Castelain, T, Costantini, G, Dimdins, G, Espinosa, A, Finchilescu, G, Fischer, R, Friese, M, Gómez, Á, González, R, Goto, N, Halama, P, Ilustrisimo, R, Jiga-Boy, G, Kuppens, P, Loughnan, S, Markovik, M, Mastor, K, Mclatchie, N, Novak, L, Onyishi, I, Peker, M, Rizwan, M, Schaller, M, Suh, E, Swann, W, Tong, E, Torres, A, Turner, R, Vauclair, C, Vinogradov, A, Wang, Z, Yeung, V, Bastian, B, Peker, Müjde, Social Psychology, IBBA, A-LAB, and Amsterdam Sustainability Institute

Subjects
SDG 16 - Peace, Social Psychology, Emigrants and Immigrants, immigrant, climate protection, Ecology, Environment, Verhalten, psychology, migration, Ökologie und Umwelt, community participation controlled study, Natur, ddc:150, Klimaschutz, Humans, Ökologie, controlled study, human, ddc:577, Migration, Sociology of Migration, Social sciences, sociology, anthropology, clinical article, mindfulne, Multidisciplinary, Sozialwissenschaften, Soziologie, Ecology, Nachhaltigkeit, behavior, SDG 16 - Peace, Justice and Strong Institutions, article, nature, soziale Einstellung, organization, sustainability, prejudice, Justice and Strong Institutions, social attitude, Ciências Naturais::Outras Ciências Naturais [Domínio/Área Científica], Psychologie, social capital, ddc:300, community participation, Sozialpsychologie, Vorurteil, Mindfulness, EVS, EVS 2017 (ZA7500 v5.0.0)
Abstract

People cooperate every day in ways that range from largescale contributions that mitigate climate change to simple actions such as leaving another individual with choice – known as social mindfulness. It is not yet clear whether and how these complex and more simple forms of cooperation relate. Prior work has found that countries with individuals who made more socially mindful choices were linked to a higher country environmental performance – a proxy for complex cooperation. Here we replicated this initial finding in 41 samples around the world, demonstrating the robustness of the association between social mindfulness and environmental performance, and substantially built on it to show this relationship extended to a wide range of complex cooperative indices, tied closely to many current societal issues. We found that greater social mindfulness expressed by an individual was related to living in countries with more social capital, more community participation and reduced prejudice towards immigrants. Our findings speak to the symbiotic relationship between simple and more complex forms of cooperation in societies.

Published
2022
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