7 results on '"Universidad del País Vasco (Vitoria)"'
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2. Combining spectral and temporal modification techniques for speech intelligibility enhancement
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Maria Luisa Garcia Lecumberri, Martin Cooke, Vincent Aubanel, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Language and Speech Laboratory (LasLab), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), European Project: 339152,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,SPEECH UNIT(E)S(2014), and Universidad del País Vasco, Vitoria, Spain
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Computer science ,Speech recognition ,Speech sounds ,020206 networking & telecommunications ,02 engineering and technology ,Intelligibility (communication) ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,01 natural sciences ,[INFO.INFO-CL]Computer Science [cs]/Computation and Language [cs.CL] ,Theoretical Computer Science ,Human-Computer Interaction ,Energetic masking ,0103 physical sciences ,0202 electrical engineering, electronic engineering, information engineering ,010301 acoustics ,Speech rate ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,Software ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
Modifying clean speech prior to output in noisy conditions can lead to substantial intelligibility gains. Most algorithms operate by redistributing energy across the signal, leaving the timing of the underlying speech sounds intact. Other techniques do alter the timing of speech relative to the masker. Both classes of approach – spectral and temporal – lead to a reduction in energetic masking. The current study examines how their combination affects intelligibility. Arguments can be made for both synergy and redundancy, and the presence of distortions introduced by both spectral and temporal approaches might even lead to an antagonistic combination. A cohort of native Spanish listeners identified keywords in sentences in unmodified form and following spectral, temporal and spectro-temporal modification, in the presence of a fluctuating masker. Errors in the spectro-temporal condition were substantially lower than following spectral or temporal modification alone, with a three-fold reduction compared to unmodified speech. Spectro-temporal gains were observed for all phonemes. A glimpse-based model of energetic masking incorporating speech rate changes predicts intelligibility ( r = . 96 ), and a glimpsing analysis provides further insights into the distinct mechanisms through which spectral and temporal approaches lead to a release from energetic masking.
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- 2019
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3. Temporal factors in cochlea-scaled entropy and intensity-based intelligibility predictions
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Jeesun Kim, Martin Cooke, Vincent Aubanel, Chris Davis, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Language and Speech Laboratory (LasLab), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Western Sydney University, European Project: 339152,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,SPEECH UNIT(E)S(2014), and Universidad del País Vasco, Vitoria, Spain
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Male ,Time Factors ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Speech recognition ,Intelligibility (communication) ,01 natural sciences ,050105 experimental psychology ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing ,Time difference ,0103 physical sciences ,Humans ,Entropy (information theory) ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,010301 acoustics ,Cochlea ,Mathematics ,[SCCO.NEUR]Cognitive science/Neuroscience ,Speech Intelligibility ,05 social sciences ,Recognition, Psychology ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,Acoustic Stimulation ,Time Perception ,Speech Perception ,Female ,Cues ,Audiometry, Speech - Abstract
International audience; Cochlea-scaled entropy (CSE) was proposed as a signal-based metric for automatic detection of speech regions most important for intelligibility, but its proposed superiority over traditional linguistic and psychoacoustical characterisations was not subsequently confirmed. This paper shows that the CSE concept is closely related to intensity and as such captures similar speech regions. However, a slight but significant advantage of a CSE over an intensity-based characterisation was observed, associated with a time difference between the two metrics, suggesting that the CSE index may capture dynamical properties of the speech signal crucial for intelligibility.
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- 2018
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4. Effects of linear and nonlinear speech rate changes on speech intelligibility in stationary and fluctuating maskers
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Martin Cooke, Vincent Aubanel, Ikerbasque - Basque Foundation for Science, Language and Speech Laboratory (LasLab), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab ), Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut Polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), European Project: 339152,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-ADG,SPEECH UNIT(E)S(2014), European Project: 256230,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2009-C,LISTA(2010), IKERBASQUE, and Universidad del País Vasco, Vitoria, Spain
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Speech Communication ,Adult ,Male ,Time Factors ,Acoustics and Ultrasonics ,Voice Quality ,Acoustics ,Speech recognition ,Intelligibility (communication) ,01 natural sciences ,Speech Acoustics ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,0302 clinical medicine ,Arts and Humanities (miscellaneous) ,Phonetics ,0103 physical sciences ,otorhinolaryngologic diseases ,Humans ,030223 otorhinolaryngology ,010301 acoustics ,Mathematics ,Speech Intelligibility ,Auditory Threshold ,Code rate ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,Nonlinear system ,Noise ,Acoustic Stimulation ,Nonlinear Dynamics ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,Linear Models ,Speech Perception ,Female ,Cues ,Audiometry, Speech ,Speech rate ,Perceptual Masking - Abstract
International audience; Algorithmic modifications to the durational structure of speech designed to avoid intervals of intense masking lead to increases in intelligibility, but the basis for such gains is not clear. The current study addressed the possibility that the reduced information load produced by speech rate slowing might explain some or all of the benefits of durational modifications. The study also investigated the influence of masker stationarity on the effectiveness of durational changes. Listeners identified keywords in sentences that had undergone linear and nonlinear speech rate changes resulting in overall temporal lengthening in the presence of stationary and fluctuating maskers. Relative to unmodified speech, a slower speech rate produced no intelligibility gains for the stationary masker, suggesting that a reduction in information rate does not underlie intelligibility benefits of durationally modified speech. However, both linear and nonlinear modifications led to substantial intelligibility increases in fluctuating noise. One possibility is that overall increases in speech duration provide no new phonetic information in stationary masking conditions, but that temporal fluctuations in the background increase the likelihood of glimpsing additional salient speech cues. Alternatively, listeners may have benefitted from an increase in the difference in speech rates between the target and background.
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- 2017
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5. The listening talker: A review of human and algorithmic context-induced modifications of speech
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Simon King, Maëva Garnier, Martin Cooke, Vincent Aubanel, Language and Speech Laboratory (LasLab), Universidad del País Vasco, Vitoria, Spain, University of Edinburgh, GIPSA - Perception, Contrôle, Multimodalité et Dynamiques de la parole (GIPSA-PCMD), Département Parole et Cognition (GIPSA-DPC), Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 256230,EC:FP7:ICT,FP7-ICT-2009-C,LISTA(2010), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Grenoble Images Parole Signal Automatique (GIPSA-lab), and Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Pierre Mendès France - Grenoble 2 (UPMF)-Université Stendhal - Grenoble 3-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
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Speech production ,Speech perception ,Computer science ,Speech recognition ,HEARING-IMPAIRED LISTENERS ,[SCCO.COMP]Cognitive science/Computer science ,Intelligibility (communication) ,CLEAR SPEECH ,Theoretical Computer Science ,[INFO.INFO-TS]Computer Science [cs]/Signal and Image Processing ,HARD-OF-HEARING ,Active listening ,Cued speech ,Motor theory of speech perception ,MOTHERS SPEECH ,Speech technology ,[SCCO.LING]Cognitive science/Linguistics ,INFANT-DIRECTED SPEECH ,CONVERSATIONAL SPEECH ,Human-Computer Interaction ,ACOUSTIC-PHONETIC CHARACTERISTICS ,WORD RECOGNITION ,Word recognition ,[SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology ,HIGH NOISE-LEVELS ,FLATTENED FUNDAMENTAL-FREQUENCY ,[SPI.SIGNAL]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Signal and Image processing ,Software ,Modification algorithms - Abstract
Speech output technology is finding widespread application, including in scenarios where intelligibility might be compromised at least for some listeners by adverse conditions. Unlike most current algorithms, talkers continually adapt their speech patterns as a response to the immediate context of spoken communication, where the type of interlocutor and the environment are the dominant situational factors influencing speech production. Observations of talker behaviour can motivate the design of more robust speech output algorithms. Starting with a listener-oriented categorisation of possible goals for speech modification, this review article summarises the extensive set of behavioural findings related to human speech modification, identifies which factors appear to be beneficial, and goes on to examine previous computational attempts to improve intelligibility in noise. The review concludes by tabulating 46 speech modifications, many of which have yet to be perceptually or algorithmically evaluated. Consequently, the review provides a roadmap for future work in improving the robustness of speech output. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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- 2014
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6. Automatic recognition of regional phonological variation in conversational interaction
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Noël Nguyen, Vincent Aubanel, Language and Speech Laboratory (LasLab), Universidad del Pais Vasco / Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea [Espagne] (UPV/EHU), Laboratoire Parole et Langage (LPL), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ANR-08-BLAN-0276,SPIM,Imitation in speech: from sensori-motor integration to the dynamics of conversational interaction(2008), and Universidad del País Vasco, Vitoria, Spain
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Linguistics and Language ,French ,Computer science ,computer.software_genre ,050105 experimental psychology ,Language and Linguistics ,Task (project management) ,Key (music) ,conversational interaction ,Naive Bayes classifier ,Natural (music) ,0501 psychology and cognitive sciences ,[SHS.LANGUE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Linguistics ,Set (psychology) ,060201 languages & linguistics ,regional phonological and phonetic variation ,business.industry ,Communication ,05 social sciences ,06 humanities and the arts ,Scale (music) ,Linguistics ,automatic speech processing ,Computer Science Applications ,Accent (music) ,Sociophonetics ,Modeling and Simulation ,0602 languages and literature ,Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition ,Artificial intelligence ,business ,computer ,Software ,Phonological variation ,Natural language processing - Abstract
International audience; One key aspect of face-to-face communication concerns the differences that may exist between speakers' native regional accents. This paper focuses on the characterization of regional phonological variation in a conversational setting. A new, interactive task was designed in which 12 pairs of participants engaged in a collaborative game leading them to produce a number of purpose-built names. In each game, the participants were native speakers of Southern French and Northern French, respectively. How the names were produced by each of the two participants was automatically determined from the recordings using ASR techniques and a pre-established set of possible regional variants along five phonolo-gical dimensions. A naive Bayes classifier was then applied to these phonetic forms, with a view to differentiating the speakers' native regional accents. The results showed that native regional accent was correctly recognized for 79% of the speakers. These results also revealed or confirmed the existence of accent-dependent differences in how segments are phonetically realized, such as the affrication of /d/ in /di/ sequences. Our data allow us to better characterize the phonological and phonetic patterns associated with regional varieties of French on a large scale and in a natural, interactional situation.
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- 2010
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7. New 'pays' (little countries) as local level of the process of Territorial Intelligence in France? Comparative study of the Pays Basque and the Couserans
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Bourret, C., Urteaga, E., Dispositifs d'Information et de Communication à l'Ère du Numérique - Paris Île-de-France (DICEN-IDF), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), HESAM Université (HESAM)-HESAM Université (HESAM)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Departamento de Sociología, Universidad del País Vasco (Vitoria), Université Paris Nanterre (UPN)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), European Project, HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-HESAM Université - Communauté d'universités et d'établissements Hautes écoles Sorbonne Arts et métiers université (HESAM)-Université Paris-Est Marne-la-Vallée (UPEM), Girardot, Jean-Jacques, and dination action of the European Network of Territorial Intelligence - FP6 – 2004 – CITIZENS – 5 – 8. - INCOMING
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[SHS.SOCIO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Sociology ,projet ,[SHS.INFO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Library and information sciences ,representations ,identité ,réseau ,[SHS.HISPHILSO]Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences ,project ,pays ,[SHS.HISPHILSO] Humanities and Social Sciences/History, Philosophy and Sociology of Sciences ,network ,intelligence territoriale ,territorial intelligence ,neighbouring territory ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS ,identity - Abstract
The laws of 1995 and 1999 on planning and development of territory, extended in 2003, allowed the assertion of the "pays" (local countries) which constitute territories having a geographical, cultural, economic and social cohesion carrying joint projects (territories of projects). They met certain success. On January 1st, 2007 France counted 334 recognized "pays". The "pays" are in the heart of the policies of sustainable development of the territory. However, this common denomination hides realities very different, so much on the level of the political situations, cultural, economic and social and on the level of the projects of territory which approach varied fields. They have different competences, various resources and very different budgets. The examples of the Pays Basque in Aquitaine and Couserans in the Midi-Pyrénées region offer significant illustration. These two examples are used to analyze the "pays" within a process of Proximity Territorial Intelligence centred on the identity, the construction of the convergence of the actors' representations, the social networks, the projects culture within the framework of the new uses of ICT and the economy of the immaterial.; Les lois de 1995 et 1999 sur l'aménagement et le développement du territoire, étendues en 2003, ont permis l'apparition des " pays " qui constituent des territoires présentant une cohésion géographique, culturelle, économique et sociale tout en étant porteurs de projets communs (territoires de projets). Ils ont connu un certain succès puisqu'au 1er janvier 2007 la France comptait 334 " pays " reconnus. Les " pays " se trouvent désormais au coeur des démarches d'aménagement et de développement durable du territoire. Pourtant, cette dénomination commune cache des réalités très différentes, tant au niveau des situations politiques, culturelles, économiques et sociales qu'au niveau des projets de territoire qui abordent des domaines variés, disposent de compétences, de ressources très différentes et de budgets qui n'ont pas de commune mesure les uns avec les autres. Les exemples du Pays Basque en Aquitaine et du Couserans en Midi-Pyrénées en offrent une parfaite illustration. Ces deux exemples nous servent à situer les pays au sein d'un processus d'Intelligence Territoriale de proximité centrée sur l'identité, la construction de la convergence des représentations des acteurs, les réseaux sociaux, les cultures à projet dans le cadre des nouveaux usages des TIC et de l'économie de l'immatériel.
- Published
- 2008
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