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Amalan penyelenggaraan bangunan adalah komponen utama yang dapat menentukan prestasi dan kualiti sebuah organisasi atau bangunan. Namun begitu, tanpa pemahaman dan kemahiran yang diperlukan, matlamat sebenar penyelenggaraan tidak dapat dicapai. Artikel ini menerangkan elemen yang mempengaruhi amalan penyelenggaraan bangunan dengan menggunakan kaedah analisis dokumen dan literatur yang berkaitan dengan amalan penyelenggaraan bangunan terbaik. Dapatan kajian ini adalah tujuh elemen iaitu elemen pengurusan am, pengurusan staf, kewangan, pengurusan kontraktor, teknikal dan teknologi, bangunan dan kesedaran. Hasil data ini menunjukkan bahawa gabungjalin diantara elemen ini akan menjadikan amalan penyelenggaraan bangunan yang efisien dan sistematik.

Corporate Real Estate (CRE) is referring to land and buildings owned by companies which are not primarily in the real estate business used for operational purpose. CRE covers the entire range of activities. Awareness of knowledge of CRE in Malaysia lacks because the researcher found that the operation of properties owned by a few large companies is undermanaged and underused. This review paper focuses on the definition of corporate real estate (CRE), components of CRE, and the current practice in the industry. This paper a desk analysis reviewing the literature on general management of the corporate real estate. By using the secondary data such as Company Annual Report, Previous studies and other relevant sources. There are several different issues to examine along the way, from the business strategies, Constituent and tools to help make the right decisions. It draws a framework for CRE analysis. From this paper, we can find the issue to improve the current practice on the CRE in Malaysia.

Unclaimed property in Malaysia has become one of the more hotly debated issues. So far unclaimed property value estimated to reach billions of ringgit. This is a big number, and, if issues stay no action has taken, it will affect not only the society but also economic and national development. If the efficient property management system had to be set up it will have undoubtedly a positive impact. Therefore, there is a need to take a drastic action to find a comprehensive solution and alternatives for solving this issue. Hence, an effective asset management and an efficient estate planning towards unclaimed property must be practiced to ensure a smooth operation of the property management. Generally, unclaimed property is divided into two main categories. Firstly, the inherited estate from a deceased that is not claimed by the heirs and another one is the property the owner of which cannot be traced or missing, known as Al-Mafqud in Islamic law. In this paper, the researcher has focused on the occurrence of unclaimed property in the context of missing persons. The results of this study are based on data gathered through a grounded theory from few agencies such as the Malaysian Civil and Shariah Courts, Small Estate Distribution Unit in the District Land Office and Amanah Raya Berhad as well as the heirs of missing persons. The information of missing person's heirs collected from Royal Malaysia Police (RMP) and the information clarified as confidential. In general, the result shows that, there are for factors contributed to the issues of unclaimed properties in Malaysia; legislation, social status, behavior and the strength and weaknesses of related agency should be given consideration. This results are expected to be catalyst to further action by the government to solve the issue of unclaimed property in Malaysia and concurrently contribute to enhance the quality of property management based on highest and best use concept

PurposeHigher institutions in Nigeria have witnessed an increase in the number of student enrolments; Northern Nigerian universities are not excluded. As the number of students increases, so do their needs in terms of facilities such as lecture halls, libraries, laboratories, accommodation, studios, furniture and other auxiliary facilities services (among others things). The purpose of this study is to explore the structural characteristics of building features’ performance and to statistically group them into building components (dependent) and physical and non-physical building features (independent) constructs, relating to influence of facilities’ performance in student satisfaction in Northern Nigerian universities.Design/methodology/approachQuestionnaires used were designed to collect data on both academic facilities, based on student experience and satisfaction with respect to physical and non-physical facilities. The school building assessment method questionnaire by Sanoff (2001) was adapted. Hence, the validity and reliability of measures was examined via academicians and data analysis with statistical package of social science (SPSS) version 22. In general, the values of alpha coefficients were above 0.80.FindingsThe result of exploratory factor analysis revealed that all factors loaded more than 0.61. In conclusion, the results indicated acceptable factor loadings and effective grouping of the features according to the conceptualised framework for the building component. A hypothetical model of building components was then proposed, suggesting the effects of physical and non-physical building features on building components.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has been applied to a Northern Nigerian university. The research should be expanded to other institutions offering higher education.Practical implicationsBased on a conceptual framework, the study gives practical insights concerning the performance of building component as a key success factor for higher education institutions’ (HEIs) facilities.Originality/valueTherefore, the need to develop and improve instruments that will reflects facilities performance for students satisfaction in Nigerian universities became paramount. Thus there is lack of an integrating framework for facilities performance as well as students satisfaction and experience in the context of Nigerian HEIs, especially in the region of northern Nigeria.

Purpose The role of institutional facilities is of paramount importance to ensure quality of teaching and learning with respect to achieving quality of education in any given higher educational institutions (HEIs). The purpose of this paper is to determine the performance of physical and non-physical facilities of higher institutional facilities. Design/methodology/approach The data were collected from respondents using a closed-end questionnaire. In total, 1,000 questionnaires were administered to students and 735 were returned and valid for analysis. Partial least squares-structural equation modelling was adopted for analysis. Findings It was found that the exogenous constructs [physical facilities (PPE) and non-physical facilities (PNE)] scored 32.7 per cent (R2 = 0.327) of the variance of the facility’s performance. It was also found that the physical facility is the most significant factor that determines facility performance. Research limitations/implications This paper is limited to investigating the performance of physical and non-physical facilities; it is not in any way a measure for the students’ views about other services offered by the institutions. Future research is needed to use relevant information from HEIs’ facilities for validating factors that determine the facility’s performance. Practical implications Physical facility was identified as the most influencing factor that determines the facility performance based on the information provided by respondents. This research should help the facility management department at HEIs when designing the academic facility management. The study will also serve as a yardstick for the Federal Ministry of Education, the National University Commission in academic facility accreditation. This paper contributes to both the body of knowledge in facility management by considering the performance of facilities at HEIs. Originality/value This paper demonstrates the duality of HEIs’ facilities into physical and non-physical facilities and their distinct contribution to the overall facility’s performance.

Corporate waqf is still new for the contemporary Islamic studies in Malaysia. There are limited resources and guidance to explain about corporate waqf. The purposes of this study are to explore the issues, concept and development of corporate waqf. Current structure for corporate waqf also being explored as part of case studies. This paper provides several perspectives and suggestions to this issue. The methodology for this study is secondary data approach by using the data analysis from the related journal and paper. The subject for this study is Selangor Muamalat. This paper come out with the concept and development of the contemporary waqf focused on corporate waqf and there are five current issues identified in the contemporary waqf. Next, seven proposed action plans are suggested to cover the issues. Lastly, the structure of Selangor Muamalat is analyses by focusing on the management structure, financial and operational framework and the Shariah consideration towards Selangor Muamalat structure.

Al-mafqud property means the property of a lost person who can not be ascertained status either alive or dead. The question of al-mafqud property has a great implication on the ownership of the property as the property is frozen as a result of being unable to identify the status of its owner and the benefits resulting from this property are also frozen and barred from being enjoyed by its heirs. This situation has led to many problems that are so critical and extremely difficult to solve and harm the society and the nation as a whole. According to the Jabatan Kehakiman Syariah Malaysia (JKSM) and Amanah Raya Berhad, the value of this al-mafqud property reaches 10 billion. Thus, the efforts of the authoritative party should be taken seriously to find a solution to this al-mafqud property. One potential solution is to use a waqf instrument. However, some sharia and civil laws need to be scrutinized and need to be strengthened to assist in the settlement of al-mafqud property. This paper will discuss the potential and challenges of settlement of al-mafqud property through a wakaf instrument. The concept of waqf property whose owner is Allah swt can be the basis for the property of al-mafqud where the property can not be identified with its owner's status then it shall return to Allah swt after a certain legal process and managed by the Trustee, Mutawalli or Nazir who are appointed to benefit the whole society.

Indoor Environmental Quality (IEQ) for academic buildings is one of the key characteristics of a sustainable campus. The low conditions of IEQ performance can contribute to the sick building syndrome and cause discomfort to the building users. Furthermore, good performance of IEQ can contribute to a comfort and conducive learning and working environment. The purpose of this paper is to discuss on the IEQ performance measurement of academic buildings for public universities in Malaysia. This research involved scientific measurement of academic buildings for public universities in Malaysia. The performance measurement focuses on the six key elements of IEQ; thermal comfort, humidity, noise comfort, air movement, lighting and thickness of CO2. The results were compared to the Malaysian Standard (MS 1525:2007) and UNESCO guideline. The findings showed that most universities are in the standard set, while some universities under the standards set and still in need of improvement. This study is useful for facilities managers in public universities in order to improve the IEQ on academic buildings in achieving sustainable campus. Keywords: Sustainable development, Sustainable environment, Sustainable campus, Indoor Environmental Quality, Malaysian public universities.

Quality of life is a change in the society from a state that is considered unsatisfactory to a better condition which includes not only economic development but also involves various aspects such as social, psychological, cultural, political and environmental. The success of a placement can be measured by the improvement in the quality of life of the local residents. Iskandar Malaysia (IM) is a rapidly growing and developing area of which they are expected to contribute to the lives betterment of people in the economy and in the surrounding area as stated in the Comprehensive Development Plan for South Johor Economic Region. The question arises to what extent the IM development projects beneficial to the survival of the residents in the area as well to help improve the quality of life of the local residents in line with the current rapid development being carried out. Therefore, the main objective of this study is to determine the quality of life of Felda residents in Iskandar Malaysia using quality of life perception index. The research focused on the Felda population in Iskandar Malaysia based on the justification that they are the group of people who receive the most significant impact on the development of IM in the process of land acquisition and loss of shelter and habitat for future employment with the expectations of receiving a better life. IM perception Quality of life measurement model is determined based on the Malaysian Quality of Life Index. In addition, the measurement of quality of life through perception model was constructed to solicit comments from the locals. The research methodology is through the collection of primary data and secondary data from surveys and interviews and collecting data from the relevant agencies. The data were analyzed and the results showed that the quality of life of Felda residents in IM at moderate levels. Only two components are achieved at the satisfactory level namely transportation and housing. This study hopes to benefit the related parties who involve in the policy making in reviewing the existing policy towards a better development which will subsequently increase the level of quality of life of the local and native residents in IM.

The indispensability of land as a veritable resource and bastion upon which, the very survival of mankind rests, has been an indisputable fact over the centuries. It goes without controversy, that the supply (or put better still, the delivery) of this all-time important asset, has over the period of man’s existence, been shrouded in one form of restrictions or the other. It is also needless to say that such restrictions are varied, as they dovetail into one era or the other, and are impacted by the traditions, cultures, ethos and idiosyncrasies of people, in whom ownership or at least ‘usership’ of such lands were vested; which eminently determined how land was being supplied for productive activities. This situation has undoubtedly impacted adversely on the general control and administration of land and its vast resources, since the cumulative consequential outcome of this trend, has given rise to a pre-conceived configurative template by which land administration system is being structured. Sadly to note that that this has copiously been hampering the smooth delivery with which residential lands, especially within urban milieu would have been dispensed. Therefore, it is against the above background, that the study was conducted as part of a doctoral research, to unravel the nexus of these structural and culturo-behavioural nuances of land administration system and the formal delivery of residential land. Essentially, on the one hand, is to gauge how the former impacts on the latter and even vice-versa, and on the other hand, to convoke leading ideas that are beneficial towards solving the myriads of challenges that are associated therewith. Hence, 5 point Likert scale questionnaires were administered upon 450 targeted respondents (career and tenured officials of land agencies, independent land consultants and developers within Nigeria’s southwest), as the sample size from among the total sample space of 2408, from which 850 constituted the sample frame, using simple random, convenience and purposive methods of sampling, from which 427 were retrieved and screened for analysis. The 416 questionnaires that survived the integrity tests were analysed via AMOS’ version 18 software for the Structural Equation Modelling (SEM), demographics and normality for reliability. Among the results are that the style of the configuration of land administration system’s organisational entity allows for unbridled rivalry and thus makes much needed synergy building extremely difficult amongst the constituent departments and sections, among the resultant effects of which is deliberate jettisoning of responsibilities with attendant belated delivery of services. Among the recommendation is the exhibition of political will by the government to restructure the land administration system, so as ensure timely synergy as the need arises, towards hitch-free delivery of residential lands in Nigeria.

As the research shows that small and medium enterprises are comprising of more than 90% of the business around the world. In the developing countries SMEs contribute to the GDP, poverty alleviation, creating jobs, and have many other benefits which are crucial. According to their significance to country side, human side, SMEs needs to be successful to improve the both sides. The niche marketing strategy is one of the most successful strategy applied by different companies around the world. And those who are using the strategy are enjoying the success of their organizations. For SMEs the niche marketing strategy is beneficial because the owner or manger can build a good relation with the consumers and suppliers. A good relationship is necessary for sale purpose and for reputation building.

Abstrac t—The demand for conducive academic building with healthy environment for teaching and learning (T&L) activities are rapidly increasing especially in indoor environmental quality (IEQ). Unsatisfactory of IEQ in academic building threaten the quality of T&L process simultaneously affect the student achievements and teachers performances. This studies are to investigate the IEQ that has been carried out by using survey method and were distributed the questionnaire to the respondent to observe the perception, adaptive behavior and opinion and he questionnaire has been developed based on IEQ elements. The questionnaire was distributed to 370 main user of academic building randomly from 10,000 populations in UTHM It is shown that, the level of user satisfaction is most at the moderate level and some suggestion has been carried out to improve the IEQ in academic building. The collected data has been analyzed by using the Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS). Several parameters of IEQ elements such as Thermal comfort, acoustic comfort, lighting and Indoor air quality (IAQ) are discussed in this research.

PurposeThe paper aims to provide better understanding of internal customer perspectives, i.e. the employees of local authorities (LAs) as a service provider in Malaysia. The research attempts to identify the contributing and the constraining factors affecting the quality of the services to the public.Design/methodology/approachThe paper employs a qualitative approach of primary data collection. Data were obtained through semi‐structured interviews and open‐ended question interviews. The study conducted involved service providers and officials from Johor Bahru City Council in the capital of Johor state, Malaysia.FindingsThe paper revealed that substantial measures should be taken to ensure that the service provider is able to provide better service quality in the delivery system. It was also found that before the service providers are able to offer quality services to the public, the service providers have to first overcome the problems they face.Originality/valueThe paper suggests that it is equally important to understand internal customer satisfaction in advance before the authors expect the service providers to offer better service delivery processes to the service receiver's, i.e. external customers in LAs.

The primary education system in Indonesia involved the community recognized as the school committee, to take a part in the process of achieving the quality of education via the school facility performance, the low level of school committee involvement in the education system has become an issue in the development of education and reflected to the quality of education. This paper discusses the performance of school committees within the management of school facilities in Batubara district of Indonesia. The concepts of Community based Facility Management (CbFM) and Logometrix was deployed as a basis to measure the school committee performance in order to address the needs of quality school management. The data was collected from questionnaires distributed for those who work with and use school facilities spread over seven sub districts of Batubara, Indonesia. The result revealed that performance of existing school committees needed to improve. On the other hand, the measurement of school committee performance was recommended to be used as a guide towards addressing the needs of quality school management and furthermore to improve the quality of education in Indonesia.

School facilities have the important role to ensure the quality of teaching and learning with respect to achieve quality of education. The performance of school facilities significantly affected on student achievement. Therefore, the study on measuring school facility performance is basically important to be taken in order to provide appropriate teaching and learning environment. This paper aims to discuss about framework on measuring the performance of school facilities in public primary school in Batubara district in Indonesia. The concept of facility conditions that identified by Schneider is applied as a basis to measure school facilities performance. The proposed framework is structured through distributed questionnaire spread over Batubara district in order to find the level of school facilities performance from stakeholder perspective, in this case for those who work in school that using facilities. The level of school performance will be ranged from poor to excellent. The results are expected to be used as a guide for school to improve school facilities in public primary school in Indonesia concurrently leading to the improvement of the quality of education in Indonesia in the future.

According to Archibus (1987), space management is to effectively manage the space to reduce the cost of wasted space and optimize the use of space. Nowadays, research on space management plays an important role to ensure the related organization will achieve the target of its business goal. The optimization of space management contributes to the efficiency and success of most organizations. The importance of the costs to build and acquire, to maintain and use should not be taken frivolous. In fact, the expenses associated with the space are the second highest cost after staff salary in higher education institutions. Subsequently, a study on space management especially in higher educational institutions is highly critical more than other organizations. The purpose of this paper is to identify the level of space usage in UTHM as a case study. The study specifically took place at the actual lecture room usage against the students’ time table which was made available by the Academic Management Office of the university (audit). Interview of space user (person in charge) that represents UTHM in higher education institutions has been conducted to find out the level of space usage. The result is differentiation of audit and qualitative use to analyze the level of space usage. The aim is to see if the user use the space efficiently compared to the audit method. To overcome the problem, the space charging model will be suggested as a management tool for the space management. The Space Charging technique will foster attentiveness of the costs of space and eradicate a culture which sees space as free good. Noted that the space management for institute of higher education are very critical and therefore, space and facilities management have to be the main agenda and need to be managed efficiently and appreciated wisely.

The optimization of space management contributes to efficiency and success to most organizations. Space management is very important not only for optimization but also for cost maintenance of the respected property. The study on space management is vital for an organisation as premises (spaces) expenditure represents the second highest factor of spending resources in organisations. Subsequently, a study on space management, especially in higher educational institutions is highly critical. This study focused on space management particularly on space usage in Universiti Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia with respect to actual cost of space wastage analysed by Space Charging Model. The study specifically took place at the actual lecture room usage against the students’ time table which was made available by the Academic Management Office of the university and also considering on the operation and maintenance cost elements which are used. Noted that the space management in higher education institutions is very critical and therefore, the Space Charging technique will foster attentiveness of the costs of space and eradicate a culture which sees space as free good. It is expected that this study will contribute to greater awareness of an effective and efficient space usage by the users and more importantly this shall be reflected in the operation and maintenance cost reduction.

Land has been variously acknowledged as a perennial harbinger of socio-economic power that exudes prestige and class. It is the foundation for food and shelter, driving the very bedrock that significantly provides for most employment opportunities in the country side. Regrettably, as global urbanisation trends soars uncontrollably, land is rapidly becoming increasingly scarce assets in cities. Therefore, supplying of and demand for lands, especially within urban spheres, are though unfortunately never at equilibrium, but the present scenarios in formal window of urban land market, which is solely responsible for the supply of formal land for various developmental purposes, has been very unimpressive. This simply, has rendered delivery to be at its lowest ebb, such that accessibility, which is the measure of demand coefficients from the part of the various land users, to be hampered, the resultant effects of which is consistent decrease of the real estate stock. Hence, it is in astounding recognition of the above ugly scenario that this study was conducted, primarily to validate the potentialities of SLADECOM model which is an end product of a doctoral research. Essentially, this model is meant to remove all the established barriers that are rendering the supply side (i.e delivery) as well as the demand side (i.e accessibility) of the formal market for urban lands, so sub-optimal. Moreover, the following constructs and variables that survived the statistical screening exercise were coined as components of this Sladecom model for empirical validation, such as: structural and culturo-behavioural dynamics (scbd), socio-political and economic dictates (sped), human techno-analytical arsenals (htaa), policy relevance and appropriateness (pra), contents and context of policies (ccp) and role mediation regime (rmr).Furthermore, validation, which is unlike just any other survey, requires high level of integrity, as results from it are almost laws in their plausibility, which simply suggests that respondents with huge experience, towering knowledge and consummate understanding of the issues involved in the subject matter are carefully selected for data collection. Out of the rough total of over 500 individuals considered as the total population for the sample space, 205 individuals qualified for the sample frame, from which the sample size of 120 was chosen, upon which the structured questionnaires were distributed. Therefore, after necessary integrity checks, 92 out 107 questionnaires that were retrieved, were found to be valid, thus formed the denominator for the analyses, using 5 point Likert scale of measurement, corroborated with pie-charts for stronger inferential and descriptive statistical results and explanations. The findings amongst other things are that this model has great potential to drastically reduce multiple roles partitioning among formal land administration machineries and thus increases the speed, quality and quantity of service delivery to prospective teeming land users. Among the recommendations is that decisive actions must be expeditiously taken on generating more functional databases and also increase the frequency of contents updating of these databases. This will no doubt improve the technical prowess of formal land administration machineries, with resultant capability to address myriad of challenges of formal land delivery and accessibility in Nigeria. JEL: R14, R52, R31