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The strength property of slip zone soil determines the evolution mechanism and deformation damage of landslides. When the slip zone soil contains a certain amount of hydrophilic minerals, it, therefore, has swelling properties. These swelling properties cause the mechanical property of cohesive slip zone soils to differ from those of conventional-type of slip zone soils. Thus, four cases of typical landslide cohesive slip zone soils in the Shanxi Province of the Yellow River Basin were used as research objects to study the mechanism of hydrophilic minerals on the mechanical properties of cohesive slip zone soils. The mineral fractions of the cohesive slip zone soils were analyzed using X-ray diffraction tests, followed by direct shear tests to analyze the pattern of the shear strength parameters of cohesive slip zone soils under different hydrophilic mineral contents with water content. Finally, the free swelling rate test was used to verify that montmorillonite minerals are the main hydrophilic minerals affecting the swelling characteristics of cohesive slip zone soils. The results were as follows. The cohesion and internal friction angle of clayey slipband soils exhibited two patterns (negative exponential/negative correlation) with the variation of water content, and the critical values of the pattern of the variation of the shear strength parameters with water content were affected by montmorillonite content ranging from 17.65% to 34.52%. The shear strength attenuation of clayey slip zone soils showed a positive correlation with the change in montmorillonite content, and the swelling property caused by montmorillonite minerals was the intrinsic reason for the shear strength attenuation of clayey slip zone soils under different water content conditions. The research results explain the shear strength decay law of cohesive slip zone soils from the perspective of mineral composition and reveal the unique strength properties of these slip zone soils.

Shasha Cui,1,* Lei Zhang,2,* Hongyan Yan,3,* Qianyu Shi,1 Yujun Jiang,4 Qin Wang,1 Jing Chu2 1Department of Nursing, Nantong Health College of Jiangsu Province, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Nursing, Navy Medical University, Shanghai, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao City, Shandong Province, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Jing ChuNavy Medical University, 800 Xiang Yin Road, Shanghai 200433, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-21-8187 1483Email chujing1999@smmu.edu.cnQin WangNantong Health College of Jiangsu Province, 288 Zhen Xing Dong Road, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail 409778029@qq.comBackground: The COVID-19 pandemic poses a major threat to global public health and economic development. Moreover, it has put considerable psychological pressure on nurses, who have played a vital role in the prevention and control of the epidemic.Objective: This qualitative study aimed at exploring the experiences and psychological adjustments of nurses who voluntarily traveled to Hubei Province in China to provide support during the COVID-19 epidemic.Methods: We conducted semi-structured, face-to-face interviews with twelve nurses recruited from three hospitals in Jiangsu Province and performed qualitative content analysis of the interview data.Results: The following themes emerged from the analysis: (1) motivations for supporting the hardest-hit areas (professional commitment, family support, and media propaganda); (2) challenges faced during the support missions (heavy workloads, changes in working patterns, communication barriers, and barriers associated with wearing personal protective equipment); (3) psychological experiences (a sense of uncertainty, fear of infection, loneliness, stressful events, and sleep disorders); (4) psychological adjustments (adequate training and personal protective equipment, positive responses to stress, and social support); and (5) personal and professional growth (a strong professional identity, a positive work attitude, a perception of expanded possibilities, realization of the value of learning, and cherishing life).Conclusions and Recommendations: Policy makers and nursing managers should implement effective measures for supporting nurses. They include ensuring adequate workforce preparedness for nurses, strengthening protection training, including professional psychologists in support teams, encouraging nurses to apply self-regulation methods, such as exercising and listening to music, and seeking social support to promote mental health.Keywords: coronavirus, nurse, psychological health, mental health, qualitative study

With the continuous development of society, the number of spent lithium-ion batteries has also increased, and the recovery of valuable metals such as Ni, Co, and Li has become the main research direction of many scholars. In this paper, the extraction process of lithium that enters the molten salt after LiCoO2 electrolysis is studied. Oxalic acid and phosphate are added to molten salt containing lithium ions to realize the two-part precipitation method to extract lithium. The influence of pH value, temperature, reaction time, and oxalic acid (or phosphate) addition on the process of oxalic acid calcium removal and phosphate lithium precipitation is analyzed. The results show that the calcium removal rate of oxalic acid has reached 99.72% (Initial conditions: PH = 7.0, T = 70 °C, t = 1.5 h, n(H2C2O4):n(Ca2+) = 1.2:1). The precipitation of Li3PO4 obtained in the phosphate extraction experiment of lithium is as high as 88.44% (Initial conditions: PH = 8.0, T = 70 °C, t = 1.5 h, n(actual dosage of Na3PO4):n(theoretical dosage of Na3PO4) = 1.2:1). The obtained lithium phosphate crystals show regular spherical particles, which can be seen by SEM.

The electrochemical reduction process of ZnFe2O4 in NaCl-CaCl2 melts was studied. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the reduction process of ZnFe2O4 is carried out in multiple steps, and it is difficult to reduce Fe3+ to Fe in one step. Electrochemical tests revealed that the reduction process of ZnFe2O4 includes three steps: First, Fe3+ is reduced to Fe in two steps, then Zn2+ is reduced to Zn in one step. The reduction of Fe3+ on the Mo electrode is a reversible process controlled by diffusion, while the reduction of Zn2+ is an irreversible process controlled by diffusion. The influence of electrolysis voltage and temperature on the process of electric deoxidation has also been studied. It is indicated that properly increasing the temperature is conducive to the diffusion of oxygen ions, thereby increasing the deoxidation rate. With the gradual increase of voltage, the reduction process of ZnFe2O4 is ZnFe2O4&nbsp, → FeO + ZnO → Fe + ZnO → Fe + Zn.

Secondary zinc oxide (SZO), which comes from the zinc industry, is an important secondary resource of zinc and other valuable metals. In this study, the production feasibility and rationality of a cleaner zinc recovery process using SZO and a hydrometallurgical method were described. Zinc extraction is promoted by the addition of ammonium bicarbonate to a NH3–H2O system, and the maximum recovery of zinc could be close to 80% at the optimum leaching conditions of a stirring rate of 400 rpm, an ammonia/ammonium ratio of 7:3, a total ammonia concentration of 4 mol/L, and a liquid/solid ratio of 7 mL/g for 30 min at 35 °C. The kinetics of leaching were modeled using the shrinking core model of constant-size particles, and the rate-controlling step was determined to be the diffusion through the product layer. The apparent activation energy of the reaction was estimated to be 11.04 KJ·mol−1, while the order of reaction with respect to total ammonia concentration was 1.53 and the liquid/solid ratio was 2.26. The analysis results of the initial residue and the leached residue indicated that lead was transferred from PbCl2 to PbCO3 and that ZnFe2O4 was not leached in the NH3-NH4HCO3-H2O system.

Supplementary information

With the increase of zinc resource consumption, the recovery and utilization of zinc resources in zinc suboxide has become one of the current research hotspots. In this study, the electrochemical method was used to remove the impurities in the zinc leaching night and enrich the zinc ferrite in the ammonia leaching residue for the solution and ammonia leaching slag after the ammonia leaching of zinc hypoxide, in order to realize the comprehensive utilization of the essence of zinc immersion night and new resources. The results showed that the reduction potentials of copper, lead, cadmium, and zinc in the ammonia leaching solution were analyzed by electrochemical testing methods to be −0.76 V, −0.82 V, −0.94 V, and −1.3 V, respectively. Through constant potential electrodeposition, the removal rate of copper, lead, cadmium. The removal rate of cadmium is 98.73%, and the removal rate of lead and copper is more than 99%. The purified ammonia leaching solution is evaporated at 90 °C for 25 min to obtain basic zinc carbonate. The purity of ZnO obtained after calcination at 500 °C for 120 min is 96.31%. The ammonia leaching residue was pickled with 3 mol·L−1 acetic acid for 30 min to effectively remove PbCO3, and then magnetic separation was carried out with a current intensity of 1.4 A. The final zinc ferrite content was 83.83%.

The electrochemical reduction mechanism of Mn in LiMn2O4 in molten salt was studied. The results show that in the NaCl-CaCl2 molten salt, the process of reducing from Mn (IV) to manganese is: Mn (IV)→Mn (III)→Mn (II)→Mn. LiMn2O4 reacts with molten salt to form CaMn2O4 after being placed in molten salt for 1 h. The reaction of reducing CaMn2O4 to Mn is divided into two steps: Mn (III)→Mn (II)→Mn. The results of constant voltage deoxidation experiments under different conditions show that the intermediate products of LiMn2O4 reduction to Mn are CaMn2O4, MnO, and (MnO)x(CaO)(1−x). As the reaction progresses, x gradually decreases, and finally the Mn element is completely reduced under the conditions of 3 V for 9 h. The CaO in the product can be removed by washing the sample with deionized water at 0 °C.

The objective of this study was to evaluate inter-rater reliability of Braden Scale, Norton Scale and Waterlow Scale for pressure ulcer risk assessment in clinical practice. The design of the study was cross-sectional. A total of 23 patients at pressure ulcer risk were included in the study, and 6 best registered nurses conducted three subsequent risk assessments for all included patients. They assessed alone and independently from each other. An intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to determine the inter-rater reliability. For the Braden Scale, the ICC values ranged between 0·603 (95% CI: 0·435-0·770) for the item 'moisture' and a maximum of 0·964 (95% CI: 0·936-0·982) for the item 'activity'; for the Norton Scale, the ICC values ranged between 0·595 (95% CI: 0·426-0·764) for the item 'physical condition' and a maximum of 0·975 (95% CI: 0·955-0·988) for the item 'activity'; and for the Waterlow Scale, the ICC values ranged between 0·592 (95% CI: 0·422-0·762) for the item 'skin type' and a maximum of 0·990 (95% CI: 0·982-0·995) for the item 'activity'. The ICC values of total score for three scales of were 0·955 (95% CI: 0·922-0·978), 0·967 (95% CI: 0·943-0·984), and 0·915 (95% CI: 0·855-0·958) for Braden, Norton, and Waterlow scales, respectively. Although the inter-rater reliability of Braden Scale, Norton Scale and Waterlow Scale total scores were all substantial, the reliability of some items was not so good. The items of 'moisture', 'physical condition' and 'skin type' should be paid more attention. However, some studies are needed to find out high reliable quantitative items to replace these ambiguous items in new designed scales.

China, now the world’s second-largest economy with a massive user crowd, there is a surge growth of mobile internet business, products and users. Every year, numerous of new companies and products are incubated or landed in this market, some of them made huge success, and lots of them failed too.

This paper presents that there exists hysteresis nature of the impact of intellectual property on the financing preference. Taking Chinese listed high-tech companies as data sample, impact of intellectual property on the preference was studied. The research result shows that the total number of intellectual property of the high-tech listed company is not obviously correlated to enterprises financing preference.

This paper is to obtain the proper operation modes for the credit guarantee institutions of high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises. Based on the remarkable different high risks between the traditional and high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises, the existing theory model is improved to draw the conclusion that the interdependent credit guaranty is optimum for the high-tech small and medium-sized enterprises.

Technology assets play a crucial role in enabling the competitiveness of companies in most industries. In this paper, we firstly attempt to clearly identify the types of the technological intangible assets that a company must acquire and apply in order to be successful in the marketplace. According to the analytical framework for assets specificity theory, a contract model is proposed to study the under investment of technological intangible assets. Further analyses showed that under investment of technological intangible assets are due to the high degree of transaction costs. We would choose the proper governance mechanism to operate technological intangible assets varies with the degree of asset specificity. Finally, the technological intangible assets governance mechanism matching model is proposed

Mutual guarantee system (MGS) of small and medium enterprises (SMEs)is a complex system mainly serving the SMEs, including mutual guarantee institution formed by SMEs, financial institutions, the industry association and credit re-guarantee institution. From the perspective of system theory this paper illuminated the self-organization mechanisms and the self-organization characteristics of openness, far-from-equilibrium, nonlinearity and fluctuation of mutual guarantee system of SMEs. The implication of self-organization theory is that under some conditions, mutual guarantee system owns internal tendency of autopoietic, self-evolution and evolution from disorder to order, from low level to high level to solve SME's financing problems in some parts. With the usage of self-organization theory, this paper proposed some suggestions and measures to improve the operation efficiency of mutual guarantee system.