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Additional file 3: Composition of metabolites differing between groups in the sera of mice with pulmonary fibrosis.

Additional file 1: Results of western blot analysis of TGF-β1 and ɑ-SMA in lung tissue.

Additional file 4: Original pictures of TGF-β1 and ɑ-SMA expression in mouse lung tissue were analyzed by Western blot at 7 and 14 days after bleomycin perfusion.

Additional file 2: Statistical analysis of metabolomic data by different methods.

Xiao-Yu Li,1,* Hui-Ling Meng,2,* Kai-Guo Li,1 Xiao-Hui Yang,1 Xiao-Dong Zhu,1,3 Ling Li,1 Zhong-Guo Liang,1 Xin-Bin Pan,1 Fan-Yan Zeng,1 Song Qu1,3 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Radiation Oncology, Liuzhou People’s Hospital, Liuzhou, Guangxi 545000, People’s Republic of China; 3Key Laboratory of High-Incidence-Tumor Prevention & Treatment, Guangxi Medical University, Ministry of Education, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Song QuDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Affiliated Cancer Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Cancer Institute of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Nanning, Guangxi 530021, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail 13607887386@163.comBackground and Aim: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is one of the most common cancers in Southern China, Southeast Asia. Radiotherapy is the main treatment for NPC. Still, about 20% of patients with NPC have a recurrence. No effective serum biomarkers are available for recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (rNPC) to date. This study aimed to explore whether amyloid beta (A4) precursor protein (APP) might serve as a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for patients with rNPC.Methods: In a previous study, a tandem mass tag–based proteomic test was performed, which screened 59 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) between nonrecurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (nrNPC) and rNPC. In this study, a protein–protein interaction was conducted to screen the key proteins among the 59 DEPs. APP was validated and evaluated by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay in 70 serum samples [recurrence (n = 35) and no-recurrence (n = 35)]. Also, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was plotted to evaluate the predictive value of APP.Results: The area under the ROC curve was 0.666 (95% CI: 0.514–0.818, P = 0.044). The best cutoff point of the relative expression levels for APP was 1.23 (concentration = 16.95 ng/mL), at which the sensitivity was 55.2% and the specificity was 90.9%.Conclusion: The findings indicated that APP might be a valuable diagnostic and prognostic biomarker for patients with rNPC.Keywords: amyloid beta precursor protein, biomarker, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, protein–protein interaction, recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Additional file 1. Flow diagram of study selection process

In this Article, we expand upon the catalytic hydrothiolation of 1,3-dienes to afford either allylic or homoallylic sulfides with high regiocontrol. Mechanistic studies support a pathway in which regioselectivity is dictated by the choice of counterion associated with the Rh center. Non-coordinating counterions, such as SbF6-, allow for η4-diene coordination to Rh complexes and result in allylic sulfides. In contrast, coordinating counterions, such as Cl-, favor neutral Rh complexes in which the diene binds η2 to afford homoallylic sulfides. We propose mechanisms that rationalize a fractional dependence on thiol for the 1,2-Markovnikov hydrothiolation while accounting for an inverse dependence on thiol in the 3,4- anti-Markovnikov pathway. Through the hydrothiolation of an essential oil (β-farnesene), we achieve the first enantioselective synthesis of (-)-agelasidine A.

Introduces a suitable for steep inclined shaft sports car flexible buffer design method, given the high energy collisions flexible buffer mathematical model and simulation test is conducted, designed a high energy collision flexible buffer, to solve the problem of conventional buffer buffer distance is too long, the vehicle off road and so on, through the friction between the wire rope and the buffer to absorb the energy of the sports car, and realize the effective interception of the vehicle, ensure that the vehicle has a short distance to stop the car, and ensure the safe and reliable operation of the anti-car system. To ensure the safety of coal mine rail transport is of great significance.

Objective: In order to observe the relationship between MTHFR promoter and DN, the determinations on MTHFR promoter methylation level and expression of HCY from DN patients have been carried out. Methods: According to the Diabetes diagnosis and classification standard from WHO in 1999, 85 patients with DM diagnosed by Endocrinology and 30 healthy participants from our medical examination center were chosen as control specimen to study in this paper. All this specimen were divided into A, B, C and D four groups , which are corresponding simple diabetes mellitus group (SDM), early diabetic nephropathy group (EDN), clinical diabetic nephropathy group (CDN) and normal control group. And then, all common materials and clinical experiments data have been collected respectively. (1) Extracted the peripheral blood DNA of each group and determinate the methylation status of MTHFR gene promoter by PCR (MSP). (2) Determinated the serum HCY protein expression of each group. Results: (1) The MTHFR promoter methylation of SDM and diabetic nephropathy group are wear off comparied with normal control group. And MTHFR promoter was in demethylation state in normal control group, a slightly weak in SDN, a obviously weak in early diabetic nephropathy group; the MTHFR promoter was in methylation state in clinical diabetic nephropathy group. (2) The HCY protein of simple diabetes mellitus group, early diabetic nephropathy group and clinical diabetic nephropathy group are Pitch with normal control group. HCY protein level of each group are as 7.41±1.61 umol/L, 10.34±2.89 umol/L, 10.95±5.89 umol/L and 13.03±6.14 umol/L corresponding normal control group, simple diabetes mellitus group, early diabetic nephropathy group and clinical diabetic nephropathy group. And there is no statistical significance about the differences among four groups. Conclusion: The demethylation state of MTHFR promoter was obviously weaker in clinical diabetic nephropathy group than in SDM. The level of serum HCY was obviously higher in clinical diabetic nephropathy group than in SDM. It suggested that MTHFR promoter demethylation may be involoed in the pathogenesis of DN.

Melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is a member of the superfamily of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs), which affects body weight, energy homeostasis and food intake in humans and mice. In this study, the Asp298Asn polymorphism of theMC4Rgene was investigated in Laiwu, Yorkshire×Laiwu and commercial cross-bred pig populations using polymerase chain reaction–restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP), and the relationship of this mutation with backfat thickness was analysed. The results indicated that only genotype 11 exists in 33 individuals of Laiwu pigs, and three genotypes (11, 12 and 22) were detected in Yorkshire×Laiwu and commercial cross-bred populations. The distributions of allele and genotype frequencies in Yorkshire×Laiwu and commercial cross-bred populations were similar, with the frequency of allele 1 being higher than that of allele 2. In commercial cross-bred pigs, the mean backfat thickness of individuals with genotype 22 was significantly higher than that of individuals with genotypes 12 (PPMC4Rgene is associated with backfat thickness in commercial cross-bred pigs with Western pigs as parental lines and, therefore, can be used as a DNA marker for breeding in such populations of pigs.

Current distributed parallel file systems and database systems can not satisfy the demands of data-intensive applications, such as storage capacity, access performance, reliability, scalability, and so on. Cluster-based storage systems have some shortcomings, too. To solve this kind of problems, a novel PC storage cluster solution is proposed, a distributed storage system based on 3-tiered agent architecture is designed, the system reliability model based on the master-slave backup mode is built, and the system availability is analyzed with the Markov model. According to the system availability formula and the values of the system parameters, the novel system can provide higher reliability and availability to satisfy users' requirements.

Through the analysis to the DDoS(distributed denial of service) attack, it will conclude that at different time segments, the arrive rate of normal SYN (Synchronization) package are similar, while the abnormal packages are different with the normal ones. Toward this situation a DDoS definse algorithm based on multi-segment timeout technology is presented, more than one timeout segment are set to control the net flow. Experiment results show that in the case of little flow, multi-segment timeout has the ability dynamic defense, so the system performance is improved and the system has high response rate.

Ultrasonic motors (USM) are new type actuators that exhibit merits such as simple structure, high torque at low speed, compact size, quick response, quiet operation, self-locking when power off, no electromagnetic radiation and higher position accuracy. In the previous study, the authors proposed a new type USM using bending vibration mode. In that new design, elliptical trajectory vibrations are formed on the two driving feet by composing two orthogonal bending vibration modes of a piezoelectric-metal beam, that avoid the mode degeneration problem in the design process. In this paper, our research focuses on the exciting mode of bending vibration ceramics of the proposed motor. Firstly, the vibration characteristics of the proposed motor under different exciting modes by changing the imposed position of the electrode are obtained by transient analysis. Then, the exciting mode is adjusted by changing the imposed area of the electrode, and the vibration strengths of the driving feet are analyzed. Analysis results show that the PZT ceramic away from the neutral plane of the bending mode shape offers more contributions to the bending vibration of the motor under the same exciting voltage, while the PZT ceramic that near to the neutral plane give very few contribution. The study results of this paper can guide the design of general bending vibration transducer.

The accuracy of current transformer (CT) and voltage transformer (VT) is important guarantee of power system protection, monitoring and measurement. A new method based on live working technique for transformer accuracy evaluation is proposed in this paper. Through constructing standard part, which is on-line insert into power lines, and comparing the data of standard part with the data of the measured part, the system can calculate the ratio error and phase displacement of the measured transformer. The results of on-line test have shown that the proposed method is feasible and effective, and the accuracy of proposed system achieves 0.1 grades.

In this brief, it presents the implementation of control of an inverted pendulum system by using the Adaptive Neural- Fuzzy. The inverted pendulum system has been built in the educational kit whose purpose is to educate control engineers in the college students. The inverted pendulum system is known as a nonlinear system whose goal is to maintain the balance of the pendulum while tracking a desired position of the cart. ANFIS (Adaptive Neural-Fuzzy Inference System) is used to control the system. It based on expert experiences optimizes the parameters of fuzzy controller by training and learning sample data. This controller is to control the inverted pendulum. ANFIS is compared with LQR (Linear Quadratic Regulator) and the traditional PID Control. Experimental results show that successful control performances of both balancing and tracking the position for the inverted pendulum system.

This paper established a mathematical model of the inverted pendulum system and put forward a design method of LQR based on PSO. A LQR is designed by this method according to the computer simulation experiments. The simulation results show that the inverted pendulum system with the LQR has good performance. Then the real-time control of the pendulum has been accomplished successfully based on the real-time control model built in Simulink. The LQR designed in the computer simulation experiments is applied to real-time controls. The real-time control experiments also validated the correctness of the theoretical analysis and the rightness of the computer simulation.

In an organic thin film electroluminescence (OTFEL) device with an ITO/PPV/Alq:DCM1/A1 structure, a TPD layer was inserted between the PPV and Alq:DCM1 layers. A device without the TPD layer or with a 5-nm thick TPD layer operating at higher DC voltage (≥8 V) exhibited EL emission from both the PPV (513 nm) and Alq:DCM1 (591 nm) layers, however, a device with a 5-nm thick TPD layer operating at lower voltage (

A blue polymer light emitting diode was prepared by inserting an electron transport layer between cathode and poly (N-vinylene carbazole) (PVK) doped by ladder poly (para-phenylene) (LPPP) layer. In comparison with the single layer LPPP device, the brightness of the device was improved by about one order of magnitude. An explanation based on energy diagram of the devices was presented.

In this paper, Study on the streams encryption key generator based on Chaos Theory, and the number of parameters by introducing a range of piecewise linear chaotic map(PLCM), to achieve encryption algorithm design, analysis results show that this algorithm has good initial value sensitivity nature, distribution, as well as auto-correlation function features. This design can use the logic hardware resources of FPGA reconfigurable to achieve the encryption system.

P2P systems have a dynamic open and anonymous characteristic, which restricts P2P system of cooperation between the users and system reliability and availability. A subjective trust model of P2P network based on reputation and risk is presented to solve the problem. Taking into account the influence on the calculation of confidence at different periods of trading, time decay function which different weight is distributed in accordance with the trading range of different periods has been introduced into this model. And at the same time, taking into account uncertainty that the dynamic behavior of the nodes effects the calculation of confidence, the risk factors have been introduced, which makes the impact of node trust by the malicious acts more sensitive through adjusting weight of credibility of the value and risk value appropriately. The simulation experiments and analysis shows that the model is able to reject malicious behaviors such as slander and conspiracy, and increase the successful proportion of transactions of the system.

In this letter we report a new kind of organic light emitting diode in which an inorganic material was used as electron transport layer. The incorporation of this inorganic material layer increased the brightness in one order.

Remote communication connects with the operating system due to communication delays, causing system instability and performance. In order to eliminate or reduce the impact of delay, communication delay for the destruction of teleportation system stability and transparency issues, the use of predictive control, in theory, can eliminate communication delays. First of all, through the establishment of the system state space model, followed by remote control system feedback control structure, a predictive controller design. Can achieve the objective of reducing communication delays, and then improve the stability and transparency.

[Objective]: An orthogonal design L25 (56) was used to optimize Agrobacterium -mediated AtMYB118 gene genetic transformation system of friable embryogenic calli in Hevea brasiliensis in order to provide references for genetic improvement of its clones. [Method]: Kanamycin at a concentration of 75.0 mg/L was used to select trans - formed calli. The effects of six factors viz . , preculture time, Agrobacterium growth phase (OD600) , acetosyringone (AS) concentration, infection time, co-culture temperature and co-culture time on genetic transformation were evaluated by GUS transient expression detection. [Result]: Six factors were found to significantly affect transformation frequency of long-term cultural friable embryogenic calli. The highest transformation efficiency was achieved by 0-day preculture, long-term cultural friable embryogenic calli as recipients infected by Agrobacterium cultures corresponding to OD600=0.7 for 7 min, followed by co-culture for 5 days in a co-culture medium containing 200 ?mol/L AS at 25 ?. After 4-6 months, 17 GUS positive callus lines were achieved. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis results of transgenic tissues further confirmed that uidA, nptII and AtMYB118 genes had been inserted into genome of calli and expressed. At last , 164 transgenic embryoids were obtained from 1539 cultured embryoids. A transformation efficiency of 10.6% was achieved for longterm cultural friable embryogenic calli using this protocol. Four AtMYB118 transgenic plantlets were obtained. [Conclusion]: The optimized genetic transformation system using friable embryogenic calli of rubber tree as recipients was effective and available,which would provide technological supports on genetic improvement of clones.