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1. Energy Spectrum of Primary Cosmic Rays, According to TUNKA-133 and TAIGA-HiSCORE EAS Cherenkov Light Data

Author

Evgeny Postnikov, Yu. Lemeshev, Mihai Popescu, Roman Raikin, M. Slunecka, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, O. G. Grishin, S. Kiryuhin, K. G. Kompaniets, A. A. Grinyuk, E. A. Osipova, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. M. Grebenyuk, Pavel Bezyazeekov, V. Boreyko, A. V. Tkachenko, Dmitry Zhurov, L. V. Pankov, Andrey Sokolov, N. V. Gorbunov, A. Chiavassa, V. Prosin, L. G. Sveshnikova, M. Kunnas, Anatoly Lagutin, A. Pakhorukov, L. G. Tkachev, N. M. Budnev, A. Yu. Sidorenkov, A. A. Petrukhin, V. Samoliga, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, R. Wischnewski, R. R. Mirgazov, V. A. Poleschuk, A. Pushnin, E.G. Popova, Oleg Fedorov, Valery Zurbanov, Aleksandr Gafarov, B. M. Sabirov, A. V. Skurikhin, A. A. Silaev, A. Borodin, V.A. Tabolenko, P. Kirilenko, Evgenii V Rjabov, I. I. Yashin, Y. Kazarina, A. Yu. Garmash, I. I. Astapov, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, Dieter Horns, A. N. Dyachok, M. Tluczykont, Grigory Rubtsov, N. N. Kalmykov, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, C. Spiering, M. Brueckner, V. S. Ptuskin, A. Ivanova, Yu. A. Semeney, O. A. Gress, V. A. Kozhin, V. V. Kindin, Y. Sagan, V. V. Lenok, A. Porelli, E. A. Kravchenko, E. E. Korosteleva, R. P. Kokoulin, B.A. Tarashansky, Mikhail Panasyuk, and R. Mirzoyan

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Hadron, General Physics and Astronomy, Flux, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Nuclear physics, Primary (astronomy), 0103 physical sciences, Energy spectrum, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The Tunka-133 Cherenkov complex for recording extensive air showers (EAS) collected data over seven winters from 2009 to 2017. The differential energy spectra of all particles was acquired in the 6 × 1015–3 × 1018 eV range of energies over 2175 h. The TAIGA-HiSCORE complex is continually being expanded and upgraded. Data acquired by 30 first-line stations over 35 days during the period 2017–2018 is analyzed in this work. As at the Tunka-133 setup, the primary particle energies above 1015 eV are measured using the density of the Cherenkov light flux at a distance of 200 m from a shower’s axis. Data on lower energies are collected by determining the energy of the light flux near a shower’s axis. This results in a spectrum of 2 × 1014–1017 eV. The combined spectrum for the two systems covers a range of 2 × 1014–2 × 1018 eV.

Published
2019
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2. First Season of Operation of the TAIGA Hybrid Cherenkov Array

Author

M. Brueckner, A. Pakhorukov, E. A. Osipova, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, L. G. Tkachev, Yu. Lemeshev, A. Ivanova, Y. Sagan, A. Yu. Garmash, Pavel Bezyazeekov, V. Boreyko, V. A. Poleschuk, S. Kiryuhin, A. Pushnin, A. V. Skurikhin, M. Kunnas, L. A. Kuzmichev, C. Spiering, V. M. Grebenyuk, Evgeny Postnikov, M. Tluczykont, N. V. Gorbunov, Grigory Rubtsov, N. N. Kalmykov, K. G. Kompaniets, Anatoly Lagutin, E. A. Kravchenko, Mikhail Panasyuk, Dieter Horns, O. A. Gress, A. A. Petrukhin, E. E. Korosteleva, A. V. Tkachenko, V. A. Kozhin, Yulia Kazarina, A. Yu. Sidorenkov, V. V. Kindin, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, R. P. Kokoulin, A. Chiavassa, V. Prosin, V. Samoliga, B.A. Tarashansky, Dmitry Zhurov, N. M. Budnev, R. Mirzoyan, M. Slunecka, B. M. Sabirov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, I. I. Yashin, P. Kirilenko, Andrey Sokolov, V. S. Ptuskin, V.A. Tabolenko, I. I. Astapov, L. G. Sveshnikova, Yu. A. Semeney, V. V. Lenok, A. Porelli, O. G. Grishin, R. R. Mirgazov, Oleg Fedorov, A. Borodin, R. Wischnewski, Evgenii V Rjabov, Aleksandr Gafarov, A. A. Silaev, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, Valery Zurbanov, Roman Raikin, E.G. Popova, A. A. Grinyuk, L. V. Pankov, A. N. Dyachok, and M. Popescu

Subjects
Physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, IACT, Radiation, law.invention, Telescope, law, Observatory, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

Work is currently under way in the Tunka Valley, 50 km from Lake Baikal, to create the TAIGA gamma observatory for studying gamma radiation and cosmic ray fluxes in the 1013–1018 eV range of energies. To detect gamma rays with energies above tens of TeV, a hybrid method of detecting showers is implemented. It is based on data obtained by the TAIGA Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT) and the wide-angle TAIGA-HiSCORE array. The preliminary results from processing the telescope’s data for the low-energy region (>2–3 TeV) are presented. Joint events with energy more than 50 TeV are analyzed and compared to Monte Carlo calculations.

Published
2019
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3. Monte Carlo Simulation of the TAIGA Experiment

Author

R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, Y. Sagan, R. R. Mirgazov, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. M. Grebenyuk, Oleg Fedorov, M. Brueckner, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, A. V. Skurikhin, A. Borodin, A. Ivanova, Yu. Lemeshev, E.G. Popova, V.A. Tabolenko, Dmitry Zhurov, B.A. Tarashansky, S. Kiryuhin, A. V. Tkachenko, Mikhail Panasyuk, Dieter Horns, M. Tluczykont, V. S. Ptuskin, A. Pushnin, Roman Raikin, O. G. Grishin, Anatoly Lagutin, A. Chiavassa, A. A. Petrukhin, R. Mirzoyan, V. Prosin, Evgeny Postnikov, Valery Zurbanov, C. Spiering, A. A. Grinyuk, Yulia Kazarina, M. Kunnas, O. A. Gress, L. G. Sveshnikova, A. Pakhorukov, R. Wischnewski, L. G. Tkachev, A. N. Dyachok, V. A. Poleschuk, M. Slunecka, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, V. A. Kozhin, Andrey Sokolov, I. I. Astapov, M. Popescu, A. Yu. Garmash, E. A. Kravchenko, Evgenii V Rjabov, B. M. Sabirov, E. E. Korosteleva, V. V. Kindin, I. I. Yashin, Grigory Rubtsov, N. N. Kalmykov, R. P. Kokoulin, L. V. Pankov, N. M. Budnev, P. Kirilenko, V. V. Lenok, A. Porelli, Yu. A. Semeney, V. Samoliga, E. A. Osipova, Pavel Bezyazeekov, V. Boreyko, N. V. Gorbunov, Aleksandr Gafarov, A. A. Silaev, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, K. G. Kompaniets, and A. Yu. Sidorenkov

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, Software, Air shower, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, business, Energy (signal processing), Cherenkov radiation, Remote sensing
Abstract

The TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma-ray Astronomy) experiment aims at observing gamma-rays in the energy range from 1 TeV to several 100 TeV. The operation of the observatory is based on a new hybrid approach that combines imaging air Cherenkov telescopes (IACTs) and wide-angle Cherenkov detectors (TAIGA-HiSCORE) for measuring times of extensive air shower (EAS) light front arrival. Monte Carlo simulations are compared to real data to determine the performance of the detector setup. Dedicated software and algorithms are described, model parameters are given, and an overview of the current status of model-based performance studies is presented.

Published
2019
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4. Application of New Approximations of the Lateral Distribution of EAS Cherenkov Light in the Atmosphere

Author

R. R. Mirgazov, V. A. Poleschuk, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, Oleg Fedorov, A. Pakhorukov, L. G. Tkachev, Evgeny Postnikov, A. V. Tkachenko, M. Slunecka, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, A. Borodin, Andrey Sokolov, E.G. Popova, O. A. Gress, L. G. Sveshnikova, Y. Sagan, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, E. A. Osipova, V. V. Lenok, A. N. Dyachok, P. S. Kirilenko, O. G. Grishin, Pavel Bezyazeekov, V. Boreyko, M. Tluczykont, V. A. Kozhin, V. V. Kindin, K. G. Kompaniets, A. V. Skurikhin, R. Nachtigall, A. Porelli, R. Mirzoyan, A. Pushnin, L. V. Pankov, Valery Zurbanov, N. V. Gorbunov, B.A. Tarashansky, A. A. Lagutin, Roman Raikin, Aleksandr Gafarov, I. I. Yashin, V. P. Sulakov, M. Popesku, Dieter Horns, A. Sidorenkov, A. A. Grinyuk, A. A. Silaev, Yu. A. Semeney, V. Samoliga, C. Spiering, Mikhail Panasyuk, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, M. Kunnas, V. S. Ptuskin, A. Chiavassa, E. A. Kravchenko, V. Prosin, A. Ivanova, N. I. Karpov, R. Wischnewski, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. M. Grebenyuk, A. A. Petrukhin, A. Sh. M. Elshoukrofy, Yulia Kazarina, N. M. Budnev, S. Kiryuhin, V.A. Tabolenko, E. E. Korosteleva, A. Garmash, Hussein A. Motaweh, R. P. Kokoulin, I. I. Astapov, Grigory Rubtsov, and N. N. Kalmykov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Photon, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Probability density function, 01 natural sciences, Electromagnetic radiation, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Computational physics, Massless particle, Distribution function, 0103 physical sciences, Range (statistics), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

A new knee-like approximation of the lateral distribution function (LDF) of EAS Cherenkov light in the 30–3000 TeV energy range was proposed and tested with simulated showers in our earlier studies. This approximation fits the LDFs of individual showers accurately for all types of primary particles gamma-rays, protons, and nuclei) and is suitable for reconstructing the shower core, determining the energy, and separating gamma-induced showers from hadron-induced ones. In the present study, the knee-like fitting function is used to determine the parameters of real showers detected by TAIGA-HiSCORE. It is demonstrated that this approximation characterizes properly all types of individual LDFs of experimental events in the 300–1000 TeV range. The accuracy of fit is governed by fluctuations intrinsic to the process of measurement of the Cherenkov photon density. The probability density function of these fluctuations was reconstructed and introduced into simulations. Certain useful methodical applications of the knee-like approximation are con-sidered, and the possibility of shower sorting into nuclei groups is examined. The extensive statistical coverage and detailed LDF measurement data of HiSCORE have provided the first opportunity to examine in depth the LDF of Cherenkov radiation in the 300–1000 TeV range.

Published
2018
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5. TAIGA Gamma Observatory: Status and Prospects

Author

M. Kunnas, Roman Raikin, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, A. A. Grinyuk, K. G. Kompaniets, V. Samoliga, A. V. Skurikhin, Evgeny Postnikov, A. N. Dyachok, Y. Sagan, B.A. Tarashansky, S. Kiryuhin, L. A. Kuzmichev, R. Wischnewski, V. M. Grebenyuk, L. V. Pankov, M. Slunecka, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, A. V. Tkachenko, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, V. A. Poleschuk, M. Popesku, L. G. Sveshnikova, V. S. Ptuskin, R. Nachtigall, E. A. Osipova, A. Chiavassa, V. Prosin, N. I. Karpov, O. A. Gress, M. Tluczykont, Pavel Bezyazeekov, V. Boreyko, O. G. Grishin, V. A. Kozhin, A. Pakhorukov, V. V. Kindin, L. G. Tkachev, Aleksandr Gafarov, N. V. Gorbunov, A. A. Silaev, Valery Zurbanov, A. Pushnin, R. R. Mirgazov, Oleg Fedorov, A. Borodin, E. A. Kravchenko, A. A. Petrukhin, E. E. Korosteleva, A. Sh. M. Elshoukrofy, A. Ivanova, Yulia Kazarina, A. Garmash, R. P. Kokoulin, V.A. Tabolenko, E.G. Popova, V. P. Sulakov, Yu. A. Semeney, A. D. Horns, V. V. Lenok, A. Porelli, P. Kirilenko, C. Spiering, Andrey Sokolov, I. I. Yashin, A. Sidorenkov, Anatoly Lagutin, Grigory Rubtsov, N. N. Kalmykov, I. I. Astapov, N. M. Budnev, R. Mirzoyan, and Mikhail Panasyuk

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Astronomy, IACT, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Particle detector, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, Measuring instrument, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

Over the past few years, the TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma-ray Astronomy) observatory has been being deployed in the Tunka Valley, Republic of Buryatia. It is designed for studying gamma rays of energy above 30 TeV and performing searches for sources of galactic cosmic rays with energies in the vicinity of 1 PeV, which is an energy region around the classic knee in the cosmic-ray energy spectrum. The first phase of the observatory will be situated at a distance of about 50 km from Lake Baikal at the site of the Tunka-133 array. The TAIGA gamma observatory will include a network of 500 wide-angle (0.6 sr) Cherenkov detectors (TAIGA-HiSCORE array) and up to 16 atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes (ACT) designed for analyzing the EAS images (imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes, or IACT) and positioned within an area of 5 km2. The observatory will also include muon detectors of total area 2000 m2 distributed over an area of 1 km2. Within the next three years, it is planned to enhance the area of the TAIGA-HiSCORE array by a factor of four—from 0.25 km2 to 1 km2; to supplement the existing IACT with two new ones; and to deploy new muon detectors with a total coverage of 200 m2. The structure of the new observatory is described along with the data analysis techniques used. The most interesting physical results are presented, and the research program for the future is discussed.

Published
2018
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6. The TAIGA Experiment: From Cosmic Ray Physics to Gamma Astronomy in the Tunka Valley

Author

L. V. Pankov, Evgeny Postnikov, E. A. Osipova, Yu. Lemeshev, V. S. Ptuskin, A. Pushnin, Pavel Bezyazeekov, V.A. Tabolenko, S. Kiryuhin, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. M. Grebenyuk, Yu. A. Semeney, V. Prosin, M. Slunecka, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, B.A. Tarashansky, V. A. Poleschuk, Mikhail Panasyuk, E. I. Kravchenko, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, N. V. Gorbunov, K. G. Kompaniets, Grigory Rubtsov, N. N. Kalmykov, P. Kirilenko, E. E. Korosteleva, Dmitriy Kostunin, R. Mirzoyan, O. A. Gress, R. P. Kokoulin, A. Pakhorukov, Y. Kazarina, L. G. Tkachev, V. A. Kozhin, A. A. Petrukhin, V. V. Kindin, V. V. Lenok, E.G. Popova, V. Samoliga, A. Ivanova, A. Yu. Sidorenkov, N. M. Budnev, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, A. O. Skurikhin, Andrey Sokolov, I. I. Astapov, A. A. Grinyuk, Y. Sagan, A. V. Boreyko, A. N. Dyachok, L. G. Sveshnikova, A. Yu. Garmash, Dmitry Zhurov, O. G. Grishin, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, A. V. Tkachenko, E. V. Ryabov, Aleksandr Gafarov, A. A. Silaev, R. R. Mirgazov, Valery Zurbanov, Oleg Fedorov, A. Borodin, B. M. Sabirov, and I. I. Yashin

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Hadron, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Electron, Radiation, 01 natural sciences, Observatory, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The article presents the relevance and advantages of the new gamma observatory TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy), which is being constructed in the Tunka Valley 50 km from Lake Baikal. Various detectors of the six TAIGA gamma observatory arrays register the Cherenkov and radio radiation, as well as the electron and muon components of EAS. The primary objective of the TAIGA gamma observatory is to study the high-energy part of the gamma-ray spectrum, in particular, in order to search for Galactic PeVatrons. The energy, direction, and position of the EAS axis are reconstructed in the observatory based on the data of the wide-angle Cherenkov detectors of the TAIGA-HiSCORE experiment. Taking into account this information, the gamma quanta are distinguished from the hadron background using the data obtained by the muon detectors and telescopes that register the EAS image in the Cherenkov light. In this hybrid mode of operation, the atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes can operate in the mono-mode, and the distance between them can be increased to 800–1000 m, which makes it possible to construct an array with an area of 5 km2 and more at relatively low cost and in a short time. By 2019, the first stage of the gamma observatory with an area of 1 km2 will be constructed; its expected integral sensitivity for detecting the gamma radiation with an energy of 100 TeV at observation of the source for 300 hours will be approximately $$2 \times 5$$ 10–13 TeV cm–2s–1.

Published
2018
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7. The Search for Diffuse Gamma Rays Using Data from the Tunka-Grande Experiment

Author

S. Kiryuhin, Valery Zurbanov, O. A. Gress, Aleksandr Gafarov, A. Pushnin, A. Chiavassa, V. Prosin, V. A. Kozhin, A. A. Silaev, E. A. Osipova, D. M. Voronin, A. Pakhorukov, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, V. A. Poleschuk, Mikhail Panasyuk, R. R. Mirgazov, A. V. Skurikhin, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, L. G. Sveshnikova, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. S. Ptuskin, E.G. Popova, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, V.A. Tabolenko, E. E. Korosteleva, N. N. Kalmykov, V. P. Sulakov, Yu. A. Semeney, C. Spiering, A. N. Dyachok, Y. Kazarina, N. M. Budnev, and L. V. Pankov

Subjects
010302 applied physics, Physics, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, 0103 physical sciences, Hadron, Energy spectrum, Gamma ray, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Mass composition, 01 natural sciences
Abstract

The Tunka-Grande array is part of an experimental complex located in the Tunka Valley (Republic of Buryatia, Russia) about 50 km from Lake Baikal. This complex also contains the Tunka-133 and Tunka-Rex arrays. The aim of this complex is to study the primary cosmic ray energy spectrum and mass composition in the energy range of 1016–1018 eV, and to search for diffuse gamma rays in the energy range of 5 × 1016–5 × 1017 eV. The design of the Tunka-Grande array and the procedure for reconstructing the parameters of extensive air showers (EASes) are described, and preliminary results are presented from the search for diffuse gamma rays with energies of more than 5 × 1016 eV.

Published
2019
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8. Scintillation detectors for the TAIGA experiment

Author

Evgeny Postnikov, Yu. A. Semeney, P. Kirilenko, V.A. Tabolenko, V. V. Lenok, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, A. Porelli, L. A. Kuzmichev, Aleksandr Gafarov, M. Kunnas, V. M. Grebenyuk, D. Zhurov, Andrey Sokolov, R. R. Mirgazov, E. A. Kravchenko, Valery Zurbanov, A. A. Petrukhin, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, A. A. Grinyuk, A. Chiavassa, V. Prosin, Mikhail Panasyuk, E. E. Korosteleva, B.A. Tarashansky, A. A. Silaev, V. Samoliga, A. Garmash, R. P. Kokoulin, M. Brueckner, Yulia Kazarina, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, E. A. Osipova, L. G. Sveshnikova, V. A. Poleschuk, R. Mirzoyan, A. V. Skurikhin, Oleg Fedorov, Pavel Bezyazeekov, A. Ivanova, R. Nachtigall, A. Pakhorukov, L. G. Tkachev, N. M. Budnev, Yu. Lemeshev, E.G. Popova, N. V. Gorbunov, Dieter Horns, M. Tluczykont, K. G. Kompaniets, I. I. Astapov, A. Borodin, S. Kiryuhin, Grigory Rubtsov, N. N. Kalmykov, O. Grishin, L. V. Pankov, A. N. Dyachok, M. V. Lavrova, A. Vaidyanathan, C. Spiering, O. A. Gress, V. A. Kozhin, V. V. Kindin, Evgenii V Rjabov, R. Wischnewski, M. Popesku, V. Slunecka, V. S. Ptuskin, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, B. M. Sabirov, I. I. Yashin, A. Sidorenkov, A. Pushnin, and Y. Sagan

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Scintillation, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Scintillator, Wavelength shifter, 01 natural sciences, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Instrumentation, Remote sensing
Abstract

It is planned that new TAIGA-Muon detectors will complement the existing Tunka-GRANDE facility of scintillation detectors of the TAIGA gamma-observatory in the Tunka valley, Russia. The new design of scintillation detector with wavelength shifting bars and PMTs is developed. The first prototype of the counter was installed and tested using infrastructure of the Tunka-GRANDE installation in 2017. The mass production of counters has begun in 2018 at the Novosibirsk State University.

Published
2019
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9. Optimization of electromagnetic and hadronic extensive air shower identification using the muon detectors of the TAIGA experiment

Author

K. G. Kompaniets, A. Chiavassa, V.A. Tabolenko, Valery Zurbanov, R. R. Mirgazov, E. A. Kravchenko, E. E. Korosteleva, R. P. Kokoulin, M. Kunnas, O. Grishin, Anatoly Lagutin, T. I. Gress, Oleg Fedorov, D. Voronin, Aleksandr Gafarov, L. G. Tkachev, A. V. Skurikhin, I. I. Astapov, R. Nachtigall, V. V. Lenok, A. A. Silaev, A. V. Zagorodnikov, A. Borodin, Evgeny Postnikov, B.A. Tarashansky, E. A. Osipova, V. Slunecka, A. Krykov, V. S. Ptuskin, A. Silaev junior, E.G. Popova, Dieter Horns, A. Porelli, R. D. Monkhoev, B. M. Sabirov, Pavel Bezyazeekov, V. Boreyko, I. I. Yashin, A. L. Pakhorukov, Mihai Popescu, R. Wischnewski, V. A. Poleschuk, D. Zhurov, M. Brueckner, A. Sidorenkov, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. M. Grebenyuk, A. Garmash, Yu. A. Semeney, Grigory Rubtsov, N. N. Kalmykov, A. Ivanova, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, N. V. Gorbunov, Evgenii V Rjabov, A. V. Tkachenko, Yu. Lemeshev, P. Kirilenko, Roman Raikin, N. M. Budnev, V. Samoliga, A. Vaidyanathan, S. Kiryuhin, V. V. Prosin, A. A. Grinyuk, O. A. Gress, C. Spiering, V. A. Kozhin, V. V. Kindin, A. A. Petrukhin, Y. Sagan, M. Tluczykont, Yulia Kazarina, L. G. Sveshnikova, Andrey Sokolov, A. Pushnin, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, N. Ushakov, L. V. Pankov, A. N. Dyachok, Mikhail Panasyuk, and R. Mirzoyan

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Range (particle radiation), TAIGA, Muon, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Scintillator, Wavelength shifter, Nuclear physics, Air shower, Scintillation detectors, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Instrumentation
Abstract

The TAIGA experiment in the Tunka valley near Lake Baikal is planning an extension with new TAIGA-Muon scintillation detector stations. The main purpose of TAIGA is gamma-ray astronomy in the TeV to PeV energy range and cosmic ray physics. The purpose of the Taiga-Muon detectors is to measure the muon component of air showers for improving cosmic ray composition measurements as well as gamma–hadron separation above 100 TeV. Monte Carlo simulations of the experiment are done with the software packages CORSIKA and GEANT4. Extensive air showers of primary particles in the energy range 100–3000 TeV are created with CORSIKA. The trigger efficiency is calculated and used for optimization. The suppression factor of hadronic showers versus electromagnetic showers is studied, leading to an optimum depth of soil absorber (2 m), at the lowest energy range. Data on the identification efficiency for primary gamma-quanta and proton events are presented as well as the suppression factor.

Published
2020

10. Cherenkov EAS arrays in the Tunka astrophysical center: From Tunka-133 to the TAIGA gamma and cosmic ray hybrid detector

Author

R. R. Mirgazov, A. Chiavassa, V. Prosin, Oleg Fedorov, A. Borodin, L. G. Sveshnikova, A. V. Skurikhin, Evgeny Postnikov, E.G. Popova, O. G. Grishin, Dieter Horns, Martin Tluczykont, M. Slunecka, D. Zhurov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, V.A. Tabolenko, A. V. Tkachenko, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, A. Grinyuk, E. A. Kravchenko, V. Samoliga, E. A. Osipova, K. G. Kompaniets, Razmik Mirzoyan, E. E. Korosteleva, V. Kiryuhin, Pavel Bezyazeekov, Alexander Kryukov, A. Sidorenkov, A. Garmash, Valery Zurbanov, Aleksandr Gafarov, R. P. Kokoulin, Grigory Rubtsov, N. N. Kalmykov, A. A. Silaev, A. Pan, A. A. Petrukhin, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, M. Brückner, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, A. Pushnin, Anatoly Lagutin, D. Voronin, E. V. Ryabov, Victor Grebenyuk, L. Tkachev, A. Pakharukov, I. I. Astapov, Roman Raikin, Ralf Wischnewski, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. V. Lenok, A. Porelli, Yu. A. Semeney, P. Kirilenko, A. N. Dyachok, Ch. Spiering, N. Ushakov, L. V. Pankov, Y. Sagan, I. V. Yashin, M. Popesku, V. S. Ptuskin, O. A. Gress, V. A. Kozhin, V. V. Kindin, V. A. Poleschuk, Mikhail Panasyuk, Y. Kazarina, B.A. Tarashansky, Andrey Sokolov, and N. M. Budnev

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Calorimeter (particle physics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Aperture, Cosmic rays, EAS Cherenkov light array, Energy spectrum, IACT, Detector, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, 13. Climate action, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

One of the most informative methods of cosmic ray studies is the detection of Cherenkov light from extensive air showers (EAS). The primary energy reconstruction is possible by using the Earth’s atmosphere as a huge calorimeter . The EAS Cherenkov light array Tunka-133, with ∼ 3 km 2 geometrical area, is taking data since 2009. Tunka-133 is located in the Tunka Astrophysical Center at ∼ 50 km west of Lake Baikal. This array allows us to perform a detailed study of the energy spectrum and the mass composition in the energy range from 6 ⋅ 1 0 15 eV to 1 0 18 eV . Most of the ongoing efforts are focused on the construction of the first stage of the detector TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy). The latter is designed for the study of gamma rays and charged cosmic rays in the energy range of 1 0 13 eV – 1 0 18 eV . The TAIGA prototype will consist of ∼ 100 wide angle timing Cherenkov stations (TAIGA-HiSCORE) and three IACTs deployed over an area of ∼ 1 km 2 . The installation of the array is planned to be finished in 2019 while the data-taking can start already during the commissioning phase. The joint reconstruction of energy, direction, and core position of the imaging and non-imaging detectors will allow us to increase the distance between the IACTs up to 800 m, therefore providing a low-cost, highly sensitive detector. The relatively low cost together with the high sensitivity for energies ≥ 30–50 TeV make this pioneering technique very attractive for exploring galactic PeVatrons and cosmic rays. In addition to the Cherenkov light detectors we intend to deploy surface and underground muon detectors over an area of 1 km 2 with a total area of about 1000 m 2 . The results of the first season of coincident operation of the first ∼ 4 m diameter IACT with an aperture of ∼ 10°with 30 stations of TAIGA-HiSCORE will be presented.

Published
2020

11. The Tunka-Grande experiment: Status and prospects

Author

N. M. Budnev, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, S. Kiryuhin, Aleksandr Gafarov, Evgeny Postnikov, Y. Kazarina, A. A. Silaev, C. Spiering, E. A. Osipova, D. M. Voronin, Yu. A. Fomin, A. N. Dyachok, A. Chiavassa, V. Prosin, V. V. Lenok, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, V.A. Tabolenko, O. G. Grishin, L. G. Sveshnikova, V. S. Ptuskin, A. Pushnin, Valery Zurbanov, A. V. Skurikhin, E.G. Popova, V. Samoliga, E. E. Korosteleva, A. Pakhorukov, V. P. Sulakov, O. A. Gress, Yu. A. Semeney, A. Ivanova, V. A. Kozhin, R. R. Mirgazov, Oleg Fedorov, V. A. Poleschuk, L. A. Kuzmichev, S. N. Epimakhov, Dmitry Zhurov, N. N. Kalmykov, L. V. Pankov, R. Mirzoyan, and Mikhail Panasyuk

Subjects
Physics, Scintillation, Range (particle radiation), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Charged particle, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Scintillation counter, 010306 general physics, Cherenkov radiation, Radio wave
Abstract

The Tunka-Grande scintillation array is described. The first results from its operation are presented. The prospects for studying primary cosmic rays in the energy range of 1016 to 1018 eV during simultaneous registration of the Cherenkov and charged particle components along with radio emissions from extensive air showers are discussed.

Published
2017
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12. Status of the Tunka Advanced Instrument for Cosmic Ray Physics and Gamma Astronomy (TAIGA)

Author

R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, E. A. Kravchenko, Yu. Lemeshev, E. E. Korosteleva, E. A. Osipova, M. Kunnas, Pavel Bezyazeekov, R. P. Kokoulin, S. Kiryuhin, Aleksandr Gafarov, R. R. Mirgazov, K. G. Kompaniets, V. A. Poleschuk, M. Popesku, A. A. Silaev, A. Pakhorukov, A. Chiavassa, V. Prosin, D. Zhurov, L. G. Tkachev, V. V. Lenok, Oleg Fedorov, B. M. Sabirov, Valery Zurbanov, R. Wischnewski, A. Borodin, V. Slunecka, O. Grishin, A. Porelli, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, A. N. Dyachok, V. S. Ptuskin, Ch. Spiering, A. A. Petrukhin, A. V. Skurikhin, I. I. Yashin, R. Nachtigall, B.A. Tarashansky, Yulia Kazarina, V.A. Tabolenko, A. V. Tkachenko, Yu. A. Semeney, A. Sidorenkov, L. G. Sveshnikova, Andrey Sokolov, R. Mirzoya, Grigory Rubtsov, L. V. Pankov, N. N. Kalmykov, Evgenii V Rjabov, E.G. Popova, M. Tluczykont, A. A. Grinyuk, O. A. Gress, V. A. Kozhin, I. I. Astapov, V. V. Kindin, N. M. Budnev, V. Samoliga, Y. Sagan, Mikhail Panasyuk, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. M. Grebenyuk, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, M. Brueckner, A. Ivanova, A. Pushnin, Evgeny Postnikov, and Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev

Subjects
Physics, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Cherenkov radiation, Muon detector
Published
2018
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13. First results from the operation of the prototype Tunka-HiSCORE array

Author

S. F. Berezhnev, N. M. Budnev, M. Büker, M. Brückner, R. Wischnewski, A. V. Gafarov, O. A. Gress, T. Gress, A. N. Dyachok, S. N. Epimakhov, A. V. Zagorodnikov, V. L. Zurbanov, N. N. Kalmykov, N. I. Karpov, E. N. Konstantinov, E. E. Korosteleva, V. A. Kozhin, M. Kunnas, L. A. Kuzmichev, A. Chiavassa, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, R. R. Mirgazov, R. D. Monkhoev, R. Nachtigall, A. L. Pakhorukov, M. I. Panasyuk, L. V. Pankov, A. Porelli, V. A. Poleshchuk, E. G. Popova, V. V. Prosin, V. S. Ptuskin, M. Rueger, G. I. Rubtsov, Yu. A. Semeney, A. A. Silaev, A. V. Skurikhin, L. G. Sveshnikova, M. Tluczykont, D. Hampf, D. Horns, and O. A. Chvalaev

Subjects
Physics, Data processing, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, General Physics and Astronomy, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Differential spectrum, Observatory, Angle of arrival, Cherenkov radiation, Energy (signal processing), Remote sensing
Abstract

The Tunka-HISCORE wide-angle Cherenkov array, one part of the planned TAIGA integrated gamma observatory intended for investigations in the field of high-energy (>30 TeV) gamma-ray astronomy and cosmic-ray physics, is deployed in the Tunka Valley (Buryat Republic). The first results from operating a prototype array composed of nine stations spread over an area of ∼0.1 square kilometers during the winter of 2013–2014 are presented. Data processing techniques are described, along with data on the accuracy of reconstructing the position of a shower’s axis, energy, and angle of arrival. The differential spectrum of all cosmic-ray particles in a shower in the energy range of 2 × 1014 to 2 × 1016 eV is presented and compared to the available data.

Published
2015
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14. Energy spectrum and mass composition of cosmic rays, by the data of the Tunka-133 array

Author

S. F. Berezhnev, N. M. Budnev, O. A. Gress, A. N. Dyachok, S. N. Epimakhov, A. V. Zagorodnikov, N. N. Kalmykov, N. I. Karpov, V. A. Kozhin, E. N. Konstantinov, A. V. Korobchenko, E. E. Korosteleva, L. A. Kuzmichev, A. Chiavassa, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, R. R. Mirgazov, R. D. Monkhoev, E. A. Osipova, M. I. Panasyuk, L. V. Pankov, A. L. Pakhorukov, E. G. Popova, V. V. Prosin, V. S. Ptuskin, L. G. Sveshnikova, Yu. A. Semeney, A. A. Silaev, A. V. Skurikhin, O. A. Chvalaev, C. Spiering, and I. V. Yashin

Subjects
Core (optical fiber), Physics, Range (particle radiation), Air shower, Primary energy, General Physics and Astronomy, Direction of arrival, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Energy (signal processing), Cherenkov radiation, Computational physics
Abstract

The Tunka-133 Cherenkov light array for the detection of extensive air showers (EAS) acquires data over the five winters from 2009 to 2014. The direction of arrival, the shower core coordinates on the plane of observation, the primary energy, and the depth of the shower maximum are reconstructed for each EAS. A differential all-particle energy spectrum is obtained in the energy range of 6 × 1015–3 × 1018 eV over 1540 h, along with the energy dependence of the average depth of the shower maximum in the range of 6 × 1016–3 × 1018 eV. Based on this dependence, the variation in the average composition of the primary cosmic rays is estimated as a function of energy.

Published
2015
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15. Tunka-25 Air Shower Cherenkov array: The main results

Author

L. A. Kuzmichev, O. A. Gress, Dmitry Chernov, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, I. V. Yashin, R. Wischnewski, V. V. Prosin, L. V. Pankov, E. E. Korosteleva, Yu. A. Semeney, G. Navarra, C. Spiering, and N. M. Budnev

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cherenkov detector, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, law.invention, Nuclear physics, Amplitude, Air shower, Distribution function, Optics, law, Calibration, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, business, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

We present the main results of the Extensive Air Shower Cherenkov array Tunka-25. They cover the energy spectrum from 8 · 1014 to 1017 eV and mass composition of primary cosmic rays in the energy range of 3·1015 − 3 · 1016 eV. A new lateral distribution function (LDF) of Air Shower Cherenkov light and a new method to analyze the maximum depth distribution of the shower have been developed. Both have been successfully applied in the data analysis of Tunka-25. We also discuss methods of time and amplitude calibration of the array, providing an accurate determination of the primary energy and the steepness of the LDF.

Published
2013
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16. The TAIGA experiment: From cosmic-ray to gamma-ray astronomy in the Tunka valley

Author

A. Haungs, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, V. Samoliga, Grigory Rubtsov, N. N. Kalmykov, M. Brückner, A Saunkin, E. A. Osipova, D. Voronin, E.G. Popova, Pavel Bezyazeekov, V. Boreyko, O. G. Grishin, R. Hiller, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, V. A. Poleschuk, A. N. Dyachok, N. V. Gorbunov, N Kirichkov, E. A. Kravchenko, L. Sveshnikova, E. E. Korosteleva, M. Kunnas, N. Karpov, E. Rybov, A. Pakhorukov, R. P. Kokoulin, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, E. Fedoseev, A. V. Tkachenko, A. G. Bogdanov, R. Mirzoyan, A. Pushnin, Aleksandr Gafarov, M. Kleifges, R. R. Mirgazov, V.A. Tabolenko, A. Ivanova, Evgeny Postnikov, N. S. Barbashina, V Platonov, A. A. Silaev, A. V. Zagorodnikov, Oleg Fedorov, Y. Kazarina, K. O. Yurin, L. V. Pankov, A. A. Grinyuk, I. I. Astapov, Dmitriy Kostunin, O. A. Gress, V. Zirakashvili, B. A. Tarashchansky, V. A. Kozhin, O. Chvalaev, S.G. Pivovarov, Yu. A. Tikhonov, V. S. Ptuskin, F.G. Schröder, M. Tluczykont, R. Wischnewski, T. Huege, C. Spiering, Andrey Sokolov, N. M. Budnev, I. I. Yashin, A. Barnyakov, Valery Zurbanov, L. G. Tkachev, K. G. Kompaniets, Yu. A. Semeney, V. V. Lenok, A. Porelli, P. Kirilenko, A. V. Skurikhin, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. M. Grebenyuk, R. Nachtigall, Dieter Horns, A. Chiavassa, A. A. Perevalov, A. A. Petrukhin, S. Epimakhov, S. Kiryuhin, V. V. Prosin, and M. I. Panasyuk

Subjects
Nuclear and High Energy Physics, TAIGA, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cherenkov detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, IACT, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Observatory, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation, Physics, Muon, Gamma astronomy, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Gamma-ray astronomy
Abstract

We present physical motivations and advantages of the new gamma-observatory TAIGA (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and gamma-ray astronomy). TAIGA will be located in the Tunka valley, 50 km to the west of Lake Baikal, at the same place as the integrating air Cherenkov detector for cosmic rays Tunka-133. The TAIGA array is a complex, hybrid detector for ground-based gamma-ray astronomy for energies from a few TeV to several PeV as well as for cosmic ray studies from 100 TeV to several EeV. The array will consist of a wide angle Cherenkov array – TAIGA-HiSCORE with 5km2 area, a net of 16 IACT telescopes (with FOV of about 9.72°×9.72°) as well as muon and other detectors. We present the current status of the array construction.

Published
2017

17. The Primary CR Spectrum by the Data of the Tunka-133 Array

Author

S. F. Berezhnev, N. M. Budnev, A. Chiavassa, O. A. Chvalaev, O. A. Gress, T. I. Gress, A. N. Dyachok, S. N. Epimakhov, N. I. Karpov, N. N. Kalmykov, E. N. Konstantinov, A. V. Korobchenko, E. E. Korosteleva, V. A. Kozhin, L. A. Kuzmichev, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, R. R. Mirgazov, R. D. Monkhoev, E. A. Osipova, A. L. Pakhorukov, M. I. Panasyuk, L. V. Pankov, E. G. Popova, V. V. Prosin, V. S. Ptuskin, Yu. A. Semeney, A. A. Silaev, A. V. Skurikhin, C. Spiering, L. G. Sveshnikova, and A. V. Zagorodnikov

Subjects
Physics, Data acquisition, Calibration (statistics), Primary (astronomy), Energy spectrum, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Spectrum (topology)
Published
2016
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18. First results of the tracking system calibration of the TAIGA-IACT telescope

Author

E. A. Osipova, Pavel Bezyazeekov, Dmitriy Zhurov, V. Boreyko, A. A. Petrukhin, A. V. Tkachenko, Yu. A. Semeney, Yulia Kazarina, A. Pushnin, N. V. Gorbunov, A. N. Dyachok, R. D. Monkhoev, B. M. Sabirov, Yu. Lemeshev, A. V. Skurikhin, S. Kiryuhin, K. G. Kompaniets, V. V. Prosin, R. Nachtigall, Valery Zurbanov, Denis Sidorov, Aleksandr Gafarov, I. I. Yashin, Andrey Sokolov, V. A. Poleschuk, L. G. Sveshnikova, L. V. Pankov, O. Grishin, R. Mirzoyan, M. Brueckner, A. Ivanova, Grigory Rubtsov, A. A. Silaev, N. N. Kalmykov, A. V. Zagorodnikov, Evgeny Postnikov, C. Spiering, P. Kirilenko, T. I. Gress, V. V. Lenok, A. Porelli, L. G. Tkachev, A. Silaev junior, M. Tluczykont, A. Sidorenkov, Y. Sagan, V. Samoliga, B.A. Tarashansky, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. M. Grebenyuk, Dieter Horns, R. R. Mirgazov, A. Chiavassa, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, Evgenii V Rjabov, A. L. Pakhorukov, V. Slunecka, I. I. Astapov, V. S. Ptuskin, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, Mikhail Panasyuk, O. A. Gress, Oleg Fedorov, N. M. Budnev, V. A. Kozhin, V. V. Kindin, A. Borodin, A. A. Grinyuk, M. Kunnas, E.G. Popova, Mihai Popescu, A. Garmash, V.A. Tabolenko, E. A. Kravchenko, R. Wischnewski, E. E. Korosteleva, and R. P. Kokoulin

Subjects
Physics, Rotary encoder, History, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, IACT, Tracking system, Cosmic ray, Computer Science Applications, Education, law.invention, Telescope, Observatory, Sky, law, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, business, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation, Remote sensing, media_common
Abstract

In TAIGA Observatory (Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma-ray Astronomy) we are commissioning the first Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescope (IACT). The telescope has an alt-azimuth mount and 17-bit shaft encoder for each axis, stepper motors are used for axis control. For the pointing calibration of the telescope a CCD-camera is installed on the dish of the telescope and its position allows to capture simultaneously both the Cherenkov camera with LEDs and the sky with observed source. Since October 2017, the telescope has been operating in tracking mode. In this work the TAIGAIACT telescope pointing calibration approach and first results of the tracking operations are described.

Published
2019
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19. Tunka-133: Status 2008 and development of methods for data analysis

Author

N. M. Budnev, R. Wishnevski, O. A. Gress, A. V. Zabolotsky, A. V. Zagorodnikov, N. N. Kalmykov, V. A. Kozhin, E. E. Korosteleva, L. A. Kuzmichev, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, G. Navarra, R. R. Mirgazov, M. I. Panasyuk, L. V. Pankov, V. V. Prosin, V. S. Ptuskin, Yu. A. Semeney, A. A. Silaev, A. V. Skurikhin, O. A. Chvalaiev, B. A. Shaibonov, Ch. Spierin, and I. V. Yashin

Subjects
Physics, Optics, business.industry, Detector, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, business, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The activity on creation of a array with an area of 1 km2 for recording extensive air showers using Cherenkov light began in the Tunka valley in 2006. The new array will allow one to study cosmic rays in the energy range 1015–1018 eV by the unified method. In the winter of 2007–2008, the array operated with 4 clusters, 7 detectors in each cluster. Experimental data obtained during 270 h of fair weather in moonless nights demonstrated unique capabilities of the new array, related with the possibility of recording the pulse shape with a step of 5 ns from each detector.

Published
2009
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20. The Baikal Neutrino experiment: NT200+ and beyond

Author

K.V. Golubkov, A. A. Pavlov, V. A. Poleschuk, T. I. Gress, V. M. Aynutdinov, V.F. Kulepov, R. Vasiliev, O. G. Grishin, A. V. Shirokov, K.V. Konischev, Yu. A. Semeney, B.A. Tarashansky, V. Rubtzov, A. Kochanov, R. R. Mirgazov, V.A. Balkanov, E.G. Popova, A.P. Koshechkin, S.V. Fialkovsky, E.N. Pliskovsky, O. N. Gaponenko, Ya. Davidov, I. A. Belolaptikov, D. Borschov, A. M. Klabukov, G. Pan'kov, V. A. Zhukov, A. I. Panfilov, M.I. Rozanov, E. A. Osipova, A. I. Klimov, L. V. Pankov, L. B. Bezrukov, N. M. Budnev, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, D. P. Petukhov, A. A. Doroshenko, A. N. Dyachok, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, R. Wischnewski, V. V. Prosin, Ch. Spiering, L. A. Kuzmichev, T. Mikolajski, S. Mikheyev, S. I. Klimushin, P. G. Pokhil, I. A. Danilchenko, B. A. M. Shaibonov, G.V. Domogatsky, M.B. Milenin, O. A. Gress, and I. V. Yashin

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, law.invention, Telescope, Neutrino detector, law, Measurements of neutrino speed, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation
Abstract

The 10 Mton scale Neutrino telescope NT 200 + is operating in Lake Baikal since April, 2005. It's main physics goal is the detection of high energy neutrino cascades in the 10 2 – 10 5 TeV energy range. The NT 200 + sensitivity to astrophysical diffuse neutrinos is four times that of it's predecessor NT200 the telescope that has been operating since 1998, yielding a variety of physics results. A km-scale (Gigaton Volume) Neutrino telescope in Lake Baikal is planned, the R&D phase has started in 2006. We give the basic layout of this Baikal km3-detector, which will be made of building blocks similar to NT 200 + .

Published
2007
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21. Amplitude calibration with the HiSCORE-9 array

Author

Grigory Rubtsov, V. A. Poleschuk, M. Brückner, N. M. Budnev, R. R. Mirgazov, V Platonov, D Bogorodskii, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, L. G. Sveshnikova, R. Nachtigall, E. Konstantinov, R. Mirzoyan, L. A. Kuzmichev, O. A. Gress, P Satunin, R. D. Monkhoev, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, M. Tluczykont, R. Wischnewski, A. Pakhorukov, V. Prosin, O. Chvalaev, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, A. Ivanova, Dieter Horns, M. Kunnas, E. E. Korosteleva, S. Epimakhov, M Rüger, S Kiruhin, A Saunkin, D. Voronin, Yu. A. Semeney, V.A. Tabolenko, A. N. Dyachok, and A. Porelli

Subjects
Physics, History, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 530 Physik, Computer Science Applications, Education, Optics, Data acquisition, Amplitude, Calibration, ddc:530, Ultrahigh energy, business, Cherenkov radiation, Time synchronization
Abstract

HiSCORE is a non-imaging wide-angle Cherenkov array for the detection of extensive air showers induced by ultrahigh energy gamma-rays above 10 TeV and cosmic ray studies above 100 TeV. In October 2013 a 9-station engineering array has been deployed in Tunka valley. For HiSCORE-9, two DAQ systems are being used. The second system is a DRS4 based acquisition system with WhiteRabbit integrated time synchronization. We present the first results on the amplitude calibration from the data of this DAQ system.

Published
2015
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22. The BAIKAL neutrino experiment: From NT200 to NT200+

Author

E. A. Osipova, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, P. G. Pokhil, V.F. Kulepov, B.A. Tarashansky, K.V. Konischev, D. Borschov, Yu. A. Semeney, N. M. Budnev, V. A. Poleschuk, I. I. Yashin, B. A. M. Shaibonov, A. A. Doroshenko, V.A. Balkanov, T. Mikolajski, D. P. Petukhov, I. A. Danilchenko, V. M. Aynutdinov, L. V. Pankov, M.B. Milenin, G.V. Domogatsky, A. A. Pavlov, A. I. Panfilov, A. I. Klimov, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, M.I. Rozanov, V. V. Prosin, A. N. Dyachok, O. A. Gress, A.P. Koshechkin, Ch. Spiering, E.G. Popova, S. I. Klimushin, O. N. Gaponenko, V. Rubtzov, Ya. Davidov, R. Vasiliev, S.V. Fialkovsky, V. A. Zhukov, K.V. Golubkov, I. A. Belolaptikov, L. B. Bezrukov, E.N. Pliskovsky, A. M. Klabukov, O. G. Grishin, Ralf Wischnewski, L. A. Kuzmichev, S. Mikheyev, A. Kochanov, R. R. Mirgazov, T. I. Gress, A. V. Shirokov, and G. Pan'kov

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Solar neutrino problem, Astrophysics, law.invention, Telescope, Neutrino detector, law, Measurements of neutrino speed, ddc:530, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino oscillation, Instrumentation
Abstract

The Baikal neutrino telescope NT200 takes data since 1998. In 2005, the deployment of three additional strings for common operation with NT200 was finished. We describe the physics program and the design of the new telescope named NT200+ and present selected physical results obtained with NT200. First results from NT200+ will be presented at the conference., Comment: 4 pages, 5 figures, Proceedings of 29th International Cosmic Ray Conference (ICRC) 2005, Pune, India

Published
2006
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23. BAIKAL experiment: Main results obtained with the neutrino telescope NT200

Author

A.P. Koshechkin, K.V. Konischev, Yu. A. Semeney, V.A. Balkanov, K.V. Golubkov, V.F. Kulepov, A. I. Panfilov, M.B. Milenin, M.I. Rozanov, S. I. Klimushin, V. Rubtzov, B.A. Tarashansky, G. Pan'kov, P. G. Pokhil, Ya. Davidov, V. A. Poleschuk, I. A. Belolaptikov, S.V. Fialkovsky, D. Borschov, A. A. Pavlov, R. Vasiliev, V. A. Zhukov, L. B. Bezrukov, N. M. Budnev, A. Kochanov, R. R. Mirgazov, D. P. Petukhov, O. N. Gaponenko, A. A. Doroshenko, E.G. Popova, O. A. Gress, E. A. Osipova, I. A. Danilchenko, E.N. Pliskovsky, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, A. M. Klabukov, V. V. Prosin, L. A. Kuzmichev, S. Mikheyev, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, I. I. Yashin, R. Wischnewski, V. M. Aynutdinov, A. N. Dyachok, O. G. Grishin, T. I. Gress, A. I. Klimov, Ch. Spiering, A. V. Shirokov, L. V. Pankov, T. Mikolajski, B. A. M. Shaibonov, and G.V. Domogatsky

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Solar neutrino, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Neutrino telescope, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Astrophysics, Solar neutrino problem, Particle detector, Neutrino detector, ddc:530, Neutrino astronomy, Neutrino, Instrumentation, Lepton
Abstract

The Baikal Neutrino Telescope NT200 takes data since April 1998. On April 9th, 2005, the 10 Mton scale detector NT200$+$ was put into operation in Lake Baikal. Selected results obtained during 1998-2002 with the neutrino telescope NT200 are presented., 6 pages, 7 figures, presented at 2nd VLVNT Workshop on Very Large Volume Neutrino Telescope (VLVNT2), Catania, Italy, 8-11 Nov. 2005

Published
2006
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24. The BAIKAL neutrino project: status, results and perspectives

Author

Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, V. V. Prosin, A.G. Chensky, E. A. Osipova, Dmitry Chernov, V. M. Aynutdinov, A.P. Koshechkin, B.A. Tarashansky, P. G. Pokhil, R. R. Mirgazov, A. N. Dyachok, K. Kazakov, E. Vyatchin, S.V. Fialkovsky, I. I. Yashin, Ch. Spiering, N. M. Budnev, T. I. Gress, V. A. Zhukov, M.B. Milenin, B. A. M. Shaibonov, I. A. Danilchenko, V. Rubtzov, E.N. Pliskovsky, A. M. Klabukov, A. I. Klimov, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, L. V. Pankov, O. A. Gress, G.V. Domogatsky, A. A. Pavlov, A. I. Panfilov, V.F. Kulepov, V. Polecshuk, Ole Streicher, G. Pan'kov, L. A. Kuzmichev, S. Mikheyev, R. Vasiliev, Yu. V. Parfenov, K.V. Konischev, Yu. A. Semeney, L. B. Bezrukov, V.A. Balkanov, S. I. Klimushin, M. I. Rosanov, R. Wischnewski, I. A. Belolaptikov, Vy. Kuznetzov, O. N. Gaponenko, and E.G. Popova

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Particle physics, Upgrade, Scale (ratio), Detector, Neutrino, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
Abstract

We review the present status of the Baikal Neutrino Project and present selected results obtained from data taken in 1998 - 2000 (780 live days). We describe the moderate upgrade of NT-200 planned for the next years and discuss a possible detector on the Gigaton scale.

Published
2005
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25. Hardware and first results of TUNKA-HiSCORE

Author

M. Brückner, R. D. Monkhoev, M. Büker, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, Dieter Horns, A. N. Dyachok, A. Porelli, L. G. Sveshnikova, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, V. Prosin, E. E. Korosteleva, R. Wischnewski, A. Ivanova, D. Spitschan, Yu. A. Semeney, V. A. Poleschuk, Gavin Rowell, O. A. Gress, A. Pakhorukov, Grigory Rubtsov, P Satunin, R. Nachtigall, E. Konstantinov, M. Kunnas, O. Chvalaev, M. Tluczykont, N. M. Budnev, U. Einhaus, D. Hampf, R. R. Mirgazov, S. Epimakhov, and L. A. Kuzmichev

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, COSMIC cancer database, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Cherenkov detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Cosmic ray, Cherenkov Telescope Array, law.invention, Air shower, law, ddc:530, business, Instrumentation, Computer hardware, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

As a non-imaging wide-angle Cherenkov air shower detector array with an area of up to 100 km 2 , the HiSCORE (Hundred⁎i Square km Cosmic ORigin Explorer) detector concept allows measurements of gamma rays and cosmic rays in an energy range of 10 TeV up to 1 EeV. In the framework of the Tunka-HiSCORE project we have started measurements with a small prototype array, and planned to build an engineering array (1 km 2 ) on the site of the Tunka experiment in Siberia. The first results and the most important hardware components are presented here.

Published
2013
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26. Results and perspectives of cosmic ray mass composition studies with EAS arrays in the Tunka Valley

Author

V V Prosin, N M Budnev, A Chiavassa, A N Dyachok, S N Epimakhov, F Fenu, Yu A Fomin, O A Gress, T I Gress, N N Kalmykov, N I Karpov, E E Korosteleva, V A Kozhin, L A Kuzmichev, B K Lubsandorzhiev, N B Lubsandorzhiev, R R Mirgazov, R D Monhoev, E A Osipova, M I Panasyuk, L V Pankov, E G Popova, V S Ptuskin, Yu A Semeney, A A Silaev, A V Skurikhin, C Spiering, V P Sulakov, L G Sveshnikova, and A V Zagorodnikov

Subjects
Physics, History, Scintillation, Range (particle radiation), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Detector, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Charged particle, Computer Science Applications, Education, Nuclear physics, 0103 physical sciences, Measuring instrument, 010306 general physics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The study of the cosmic ray mass composition in the energy range 1016 - 1018 eV is one of the main aims of Tunka-133. This EAS Cherenkov array started data acquisition in the Tunka Valley (50 km from Lake Baikal) in autumn 2009. Tunka-133 provides a measurement of the EAS maximum depth (Xmax) with an accuracy of about 30 g/cm2 . Further mass composition analyses at the highest energies (1017 - 1018 eV) will be based on the comparison of primary energy measured by the radio method and the densities of charged particles measured by shielded and unshielded detectors. The high duty cycle of the common operation of the new scintillation array (Tunka-Grande) and the radio extension of the experiment (Tunka-REX) will provide a high statistics of events.

Published
2016
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27. The hardware of the HiSCORE γ-ray and cosmic ray Cherenkov detector

Author

M. Kunnas, R. Nachtigall, S. N. Epimakhov, M. Tluczykont, L. A. Kuzmichev, S. F. Berezhnev, N. M. Budnev, M. Büker, A. Chiavassa, O. B. Chvalaev, O. A. Gress, A. N. Dyachok, U. Einhaus, D. Hampf, D. Horns, A. Ivanova, N. I. Karpov, N. N. Kalmykov, E. N. Konstantinov, A. V. Korobchenko, E. E. Korosteleva, V. A. Kozhin, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, R. R. Mirgazov, A. Pakhorukov, M. I. Panasyuk, L. V. Pankov, V. Poleschuk, E. G. Popova, V. V. Prosin, V. S. Ptuskin, G. P. Rowell, Yu. A. Semeney, B. A. Shaibonov (junior), A. A. Silaev, A. A. Silaev (junior), A. V. Skurikhin, C. Spiering, L. G. Sveshnikova, R. Wischnewski, I. V. Yashin, and A. V. Zagorodnikov

Subjects
Physics, Photomultiplier, COSMIC cancer database, business.industry, Cherenkov detector, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Single station, Cosmic ray, First light, law.invention, Air shower, law, business, Computer hardware
Abstract

The HiSCORE (Hundred Square km Cosmic ORigin Explorer) project is a ground-based large-area wideangle air shower detector array that will measure gamma rays and cosmic rays in the energy range of 10 TeV up to 1EeV. Each detector array station consists of four separate light collectors with an 8-inch photomultiplier (PMT) at each end. The first station prototype has already been deployed to Tunka valley. On-site station integration and first measurements have been made. This poster will focus on the hardware aspects and the first light results of the single station.

Published
2012
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28. HiSCORE - The Hundred∗i square-km cosmic ORigin explorer

Author

V. Prosin, L. G. Sveshnikova, R. Nachtigall, E. Konstantinov, S. Epimakhov, U. Einhaus, M. Büker, P Satunin, V. A. Poleschuk, Yu. A. Semeney, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, R. Wischnewski, Grigory Rubtsov, Dieter Horns, M. Brückner, O. A. Gress, A. Pakhorukov, E. E. Korosteleva, O. Chvalaev, N. M. Budnev, L. A. Kuzmichev, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, Daniel Hampf, C. Spiering, M. Tluczykont, R. R. Mirgazov, A. N. Dyachok, M. Kunnas, A. Ivanova, and N. B. Lubsandorzhiev

Subjects
Physics, Range (particle radiation), COSMIC cancer database, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Primary (astronomy), Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Neutrino, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

Addressing the mysteries of cosmic rays requires a comprehensive observational approach, including information on mass composition and spectrum (from CR nuclei) as well as directional information (gamma-rays or neutrinos). HiSCORE covers both approaches using indirect air-shower observations of cosmic rays from 100 TeV to 1 EeV and gamma-rays in the so far poorly covered energy range from 10 TeV to several PeV. Among other questions of astroparticle and particle physics, HiSCORE will allow cosmic ray composition and spectral measurements in the transition range between Galactic and Extragalactic origin. Searching for gamma-rays from the PeV-accelerators, the pevatrons, will consititute a crucial building-block for solving the question of the origin of Galactic cosmic rays. HiSCORE is an array of non-imaging light-collecting stations for Cherenkov light-front sampling. The lateral Cherenkov photon density and arrival-time distribution are measured, allowing the reconstruction of the direction, the energy, and the particle type (mainly shower depth) of the primary particle. A prototype detector station was developed and first air-shower measurements were performed in the Tunka valley (Siberia). The deployment of an engineering array of up to 1 square-km is planned on the Tunka cosmic ray experiment site in Siberia for 2012/2013.

Published
2012
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29. Tunka-133: the New EAS Cherenkov Light Array for Cosmic Ray Study

Author

Yu. A. Semeney, B. A. M. Shaibonov, L. G. Sveshnikova, B. V. Antokhonov, V. S. Ptuskin, E. N. Konstantinov, C. Spiering, A. Chiavassa, S. F. Berezhnev, O. A. Gress, I. V. Yashin, L. V. Pankov, J. Snyder, V. A. Kozhin, M. Stockham, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, N. N. Kalmykov, V. V. Prosin, A. V. Skurikhin, N. M. Budnev, M. I. Panasyuk, R. R. Mirgazov, A. V. Zablotsky, A.V. Korobchenko, A. N. Dyachok, E.G. Popova, A. A. Silaev, A. V. Zagorodnikov, N. I. Karpov, O. A. Chvalaiev, E. E. Korosteleva, D. Z. Besson, L. A. Kuzmichev, and R. Wischnewski

Subjects
Physics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Cherenkov radiation
Published
2011
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30. TUNKA-133: A new array for the study of ultra-high energy cosmic rays

Author

B. V. Antokhonov, S. F. Berezhnev, D. Besson, N. M. Budnev, R. Wischnevski, O. A. Gress, A. N. Diachok, A. V. Zablotsky, A. V. Zagorodnikov, N. N. Kalmykov, N. I. Karpov, V. A. Kozhin, E. E. Korosteleva, A. V. Korobchenko, L. A. Kuzmichev, A. Chiavassa, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, R. R. Mirgazov, M. I. Panasyuk, L. V. Pankov, V. V. Prosin, V. S. Ptuskin, Yu. A. Semeney, A. A. Silaev, A. V. Skurikhin, M. Stokham, O. A. Chvalaiev, B. A. Shaibonov, J. Snyder, Ch. Spiering, and I. V. Yashin

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, General Physics and Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Ultra-high-energy cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

A new array for studying ultra-high energy cosmic rays was inaugurated in 2009 in the Tunka Valley, about 50 km from Lake Baikal. Having an area of 1 km2, the new facility allows us to study cosmic rays with energies of 1015–1018 eV via the a unified method for registering Cherenkov radiation from extensive air showers (EASes) and is making a substantial contribution to understanding the origin of ultra-high energy cosmic rays. We describe the current state of the experiment, the new methodological approach, our initial results, and the plans for further development of the array.

Published
2011
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31. A new 1 km2 EAS Cherenkov array in the Tunka Valley

Author

E. E. Koresteleva, N. N. Kalmykov, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, N. Karpov, I.A. Yashin, Yu. A. Semeney, A. Chiavassa, B. A. M. Shaibonov, D. Besson, P.M. Mirgazov, A. V. Skurikhin, A. V. Zablotsky, L. A. Kuzmichev, Ch. Spiering, V. S. Ptuskin, L. V. Pankov, N. M. Budnev, R. Wischnewski, O. A. Gress, V. A. Kozhin, O. Chvalaev, B.A. Antokhonov, N.B. Lubsandorzhiev, A. A. Silaev, A. V. Zagorodnikov, S.F. Beregnev, V. V. Prosin, and M. I. Panasyuk

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, business.industry, Cherenkov detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Detector, Photodetector, law.invention, Optics, law, Energy spectrum, High Energy Physics::Experiment, ddc:530, business, Instrumentation, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

A new 1 km2 EAS Cherenkov detector in the Tunka Valley has been put into full operation in the fall of 2009. In this paper we give a short description of the detector and discuss its physics capabilities.

Published
2011
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32. Data acquisition system for the TUNKA-133 array

Author

A. V. Zagorodnikov, R. R. Mirgazov, N. M. Budnev, Ch. Spiering, O. Chvalaev, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, V. V. Prosin, M. I. Panasyuk, Ralf Wischnewski, L. A. Kuzmichev, O. A. Gress, L. V. Pankov, A. V. Skurikhin, A. V. Zablotsky, Yu. A. Semeney, E. E. Korosteleva, V. A. Kozhin, I. V. Yashin, G. Navarra, V. S. Ptuskin, N. N. Kalmykov, and B. A. M. Shaibonov

Subjects
Engineering, Data acquisition, business.industry, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy, Radiowave propagation, DESY, business, Astrophysics
Abstract

The new EAS Cherenkov array TUNKA-133, with about 1 km**2 sensitive area, is being installed in the Tunka Valley. The investigated energy range is 10**15-10**18 eV. It will consist of 133 optical detectors based on EMI9350 PMTs. Optical detectors are grouped into 19 clusters with 7 detectors each. The detectors are connected to the cluster box with RG-58 cables. Every PMT signal is digitized in the cluster box with 200 MHz FADC. The cluster boxes are connected to the data acquisition center with a 1 Gb/s optical link. A detailed description of the data acquisition system (DAQ) is presented., 5 pages, 4 figures, Proceedings of the 10th ICATPP Conference,Como Italy, 8-12 October 2007

Published
2008

33. The Taiga project

Author

I I Yashin, I I Astapov, N S Barbashina, A G Bogdanov, V Boreyko, N M Budnev, M Büker, M Bruckner, A Chiavassa, O B Chvalaev, A V Gafarov, N Gorbunov, V Grebenyuk, O A Gress, A Grinyuk, O G Grishin, A N Dyachok, S N Epimakhov, T V Eremin, D Horns, A L Ivanova, N N Kalmykov, N I Karpov, Y A Kazarina, V V Kindin, N V Kirichkov, S N Kiryuhin, R P Kokouli, K G Kompaniets, E N Konstantinov, A V Korobchenko, E E Korosteleva, V A Kozhin, M Kunnas, L A Kuzmichev, V V Lenok, B K Lubsandorzhiev, N B Lubsandorzhiev, R R Mirgazov, R Mirzoyan, R D Monkhoev, R Nachtigall, A L Pakhorukov, M I Panasyuk, L V Pankov, A A Perevalov, A A Petrukhin, V A Platonov, V A Poleschuk, M Popescu, E G Popova, A Porelli, V V Prosin, V S Ptuskin, G I Rubtsov, M Rueger, V G Rybov, V S Samoliga, P S Satunin, A Saunkin, V Yu Savinov, Yu A Semeney, B A Shaibonov, A A Silaev, A V Skurikhin, M Slunecka, C Spiering, L G Sveshnikova, V A Tabolenko, A Tkachenko, L G Tkachev, M Tluczykont, A D Veslopopov, E P Veslopopova, D M Voronov, R Wischnewski, K O Yurin, A V Zagorodnikov, V N Zirakashvili, and V L Zurbanov

Subjects
Physics, History, Range (particle radiation), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Taiga, Detector, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Particle detector, Computer Science Applications, Education, 0103 physical sciences, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Ultrahigh energy, 010306 general physics, Cherenkov radiation, Muon detector
Abstract

The TAIGA project is aimed at solving the fundamental problems of gamma-ray astronomy and physics of ultrahigh energy cosmic rays with the help of the complex of detectors, located in the Tunka valley (Siberia, Russia). TAIGA includes a wide-angle large area Tunka-HiSCORE array, designed to detect gamma-rays of ultrahigh energies in the range 20 - 1000 TeV and charged cosmic rays with energies of 100 TeV - 100 PeV, large area muon detector to improve the rejection of background EAS protons and nuclei and a network of imaging atmospheric Cherenkov telescopes for gamma radiation detection. We discuss the goals and objectives of the complex features of each detector and the results obtained in the first stage of the HiSCORE installation.

Published
2016
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34. Results from Tunka-133 (5 years observation) and from the Tunka-HiSCORE prototype

Author

Yu. A. Semeney, A. Pakhorukov, A. V. Skurikhin, V. A. Poleschuk, R. Nachtigall, O. A. Gress, A. V. Gafarov, M. Kunnas, A.V. Zurbanov, A. Porelli, S. Kiryuhin, Dieter Horns, V. A. Kozhin, C. Spiering, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, M. Tluczykont, M. I. Panasyuk, M. Rüger, A.V. Dyachok, L. G. Sveshnikova, A. Chiavassa, V. Prosin, S. F. Berezhnev, A.V. Korobchenko, S. Epimakhov, V. S. Ptuskin, E. E. Korosteleva, L. V. Pankov, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, N. I. Karpov, Grigory Rubtsov, N. N. Kalmykov, N. M. Budnev, L. A. Kuzmichev, A. A. Silaev, R. Wischnewski, E. N. Konstantinov, E.G. Popova, R. R. Mirgazov, V. Samoliga, O.A. Chvalaev, M. Brückner, and E. A. Osipova

Subjects
Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Maximum depth, QC1-999, 0103 physical sciences, Energy spectrum, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, 01 natural sciences, Cherenkov radiation, Remote sensing
Abstract

Data obtained with two detectors located at the Tunka Cosmic Ray facility are presented. The Cherenkov light array for registration of extensive air showers (EAS) Tunka-133 collected data during 5 winter seasons since 2009 to 2014. The differential energy spectrum of all particles and the dependence of the average maximum depth on the energy in the range of 6 · 10 15 −10 18 eV measured for 1540 hours of observation are presented.The preliminary all particle energy spectrum by the data of Tunka-HiSCORE prototype array, installed in 2013, is presented. Some additional experiments in the Tunka Valley are briefly described.

Published
2016
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35. Status and new results from the BAIKAL detector

Author

N. M. Budnev, D. P. Petukhov, A. I. Panfilov, E. A. Osipova, A.P. Koshechkin, O. N. Gaponenko, B.A. Tarashansky, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, V. Rubtzov, D. Borschov, P. G. Pokhil, Ya. Davidov, V.F. Kulepov, M.B. Milenin, T. I. Gress, S. I. Klimushin, E.N. Pliskovsky, I. I. Yashin, V. M. Aynutdinov, A. M. Klabukov, K.V. Golubkov, A. Kochanov, M. I. Rosanov, R. R. Mirgazov, R. Wischnewski, A. A. Doroshenko, L. A. Kuzmichev, A. V. Shirokov, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, R. Vasiliev, S. Mikheyev, A. I. Klimov, V. V. Prosin, B. A. M. Shaibonov, V. Polecshuk, S.V. Fialkovsky, O. A. Gress, V. A. Zhukov, A. A. Pavlov, G.V. Domogatsky, G. Pan'kov, L. B. Bezrukov, K Burmistrov, I. A. Danilchenko, O. G. Grishin, K.V. Konischev, T. Mikolajski, I. A. Belolaptikov, Vy. Kuznetzov, Yu. A. Semeney, V.A. Balkanov, E.G. Popova, A. N. Dyachok, Ch. Spiering, and L. V. Pankov

Subjects
Physics, History, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Neutrino telescope, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Particle detector, Computer Science Applications, Education, Neutrino detector, High Energy Physics::Experiment, ddc:530, Neutrino, Lepton
Abstract

We review the present status of the Baikal Neutrino Experiment. On April 9th, 2005 the 10 Mton scale detector NT200+ was put into operation in Lake Baikal. We describe the configuration and physics potential of this detector. Selected results obtained during 1998-2002 with the neutrino telescope NT200 are presented.

Published
2006
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36. Search for a Diffuse Flux of High-Energy Extraterrestrial Neutrinos with the NT200 Neutrino Telescope

Author

V. A. Poleschuk, L. B. Bezrukov, I. A. Danilchenko, M.B. Milenin, R. R. Mirgazov, E. Vyatchin, S.V. Fialkovsky, I. I. Yashin, B. A. M. Shaibonov, V. A. Zhukov, T. I. Gress, P. G. Pokhil, B.A. Tarashansky, S. I. Klimushin, V.F. Kulepov, I. A. Belolaptikov, O. G. Grishin, L. A. Kuzmichev, O. A. Gress, S. Mikheyev, G.V. Domogatsky, D. Borschov, R. Wischnewski, A. V. Shirokov, A.G. Chensky, R. Vasiliev, E. A. Osipova, A. I. Klimov, A.P. Koshechkin, G. Pan'kov, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, E.N. Pliskovsky, A. M. Klabukov, K.V. Konischev, V. M. Aynutdinov, Yu. A. Semeney, O. N. Gaponenko, A. I. Panfilov, V.A. Balkanov, M.I. Rozanov, N. M. Budnev, D. P. Petukhov, Yu. V. Parfenov, A. A. Doroshenko, T. Mikolajski, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, V. V. Prosin, A. N. Dyachok, Ch. Spiering, L. V. Pankov, E.G. Popova, A. A. Pavlov, V. Rubtzov, and Ya. Davidov

Subjects
Physics, High energy, Cherenkov detector, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Neutrino telescope, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, law.invention, law, Extraterrestrial life, ddc:540, Diffuse flux, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Neutrino, Neutrino astronomy
Abstract

We present the results of a search for high energy extraterrestrial neutrinos with the Baikal underwater Cherenkov detector NT200, based on data taken in 1998 - 2002. Upper limits on the diffuse fluxes of $\nu_e+\nu_{\mu}+\nu_{\tau}$, predicted by several models of AGN-like neutrino sources, are derived. For an $E^{-2}$ behavior of the neutrino spectrum, our limit is $E^2 \Phi_{\nu}(E), Comment: 19 pages, 23 figures, submitted to Astroparticle Physics

Published
2005
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37. The Tunka Experiment: Towards a 1-km^2 Cherenkov EAS Array in the Tunka Valley

Author

D. V. CHERNOV, N. N. KALMYKOV, E. E. KOROSTELEVA, L. A. KUZMICHEV, V. V. PROSIN, M. I. PANASYUK, A. V. SHIROKOV, I. V. YASHIN, N. M. BUDNEV, O. A. GRESS, L. V. PANKOV, YU. V. PARFENOV, YU. A. SEMENEY, B. K. LUBSANDORZHIEV, P. G. POKHIL, V. S. PTUSKIN, CH. SPIERING, R. WISCHNEWSKI, and G. NAVARRA

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Energy spectrum, Astrophysics (astro-ph), FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Mass composition, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Cherenkov radiation, Remote sensing
Abstract

The project of an EAS Cherenkov array in the Tunka valley/Siberia with an area of about 1 km^2 is presented. The new array will have a ten times bigger area than the existing Tunka-25 array and will permit a detailed study of the cosmic ray energy spectrum and the mass composition in the energy range from 10^15 to 10^18 eV., Comment: 3 pages, 2 figures, to be published in IJMPA

Published
2004
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38. Primary Energy Spectrum and Mass Composition Determined with the Tunka EAS Cherenkov Array

Author

E. E. Korosteleva, Yu. A. Semeney, N. M. Budnev, Dmitry Chernov, B. K. Lubsandorzhiev, V. V. Prosin, P. G. Pohil, Yu. V. Parfenov, R. Wischnewski, T. I. Gress, L. A. Kuzmichev, L. V. Pankov, C. Spiering, T. Schmidt, I. I. Yashin, and O. A. Gress

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Monte Carlo method, Astrophysics (astro-ph), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Knee region, Mass composition, Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics, Computational physics, Full width at half maximum, Distribution function, Energy spectrum, Parametrization, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

New results of 300 hours of operation of the Tunka array are presented. An improved parametrization of the Cherenkov light lateral distribution function (LDF), based on CORSIKA Monte Carlo simulations and the experiment QUEST, has been used for the reconstruction of EAS parameters. The corrected energy spectrum in the knee region is obtained. The mean depth of the EAS maximum has been derived both from the analysis of LDF steepness and the FWHM of Cerenkov light pulse. The mean mass composition around the knee is estimated., Comment: 3 pages, 3 figures, to be published in IJMPA

Published
2004
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39. Primary CR energy spectrum and mass composition by the data of Tunka-133 array

Author

A. Chiavassa, V. Prosin, A. A. Silaev, A. Pakhorukov, R. D. Monkhoev, T. I. Gress, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, L. A. Kuzmichev, N. N. Kalmykov, A. V. Skurikhin, E. N. Konstantinov, V. S. Ptuskin, A.V. Dyachok, E. E. Korosteleva, S. Epimakhov, S. F. Berezhnev, O. A. Gress, A.V. Korobchenko, L. G. Sveshnikova, V. A. Kozhin, O.A. Chvalaev, E. A. Osipova, Mikhail Panasyuk, N. I. Karpov, E.G. Popova, N. M. Budnev, N. B. Lubsandorzhiev, R. R. Mirgazov, L. V. Pankov, C. Spiering, Aleksey Zagorodnikov, Yu. A. Semeney, and Silaev, A. A.

Subjects
Physics, Nuclear physics, Range (particle radiation), Maximum depth, Primary (astronomy), QC1-999, Energy spectrum, ddc:530, Mass composition, Energy (signal processing), Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

The Cherenkov light array for the registration of extensive air showers (EAS) Tunka-133 collected data during 5 winter seasons from 2009 to 2014. The differential energy spectrum of all particles and the dependence of the average maximum depth on the energy in the range of 6 · 10 15 -10 18 eV measured for 1540 hours of observation are presented.

Published
2015
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40. TAIGA the Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy — present status and perspectives

Author

N M Budnev, I I Astapov, A G Bogdanov, V Boreyko, M Büker, M Brückner, A Chiavassa, A V Gafarov, O B Chvalaev, N Gorbunov, V Grebenyuk, A Grinyuk, O A Gress, T Gress, A N Dyachok, S N Epimakhov, D Horns, A L Ivanova, N I Karpov, N N Kalmykov, Y A Kazarina, V Kindin, N V Kirichkov, S N Kiryuhin, R P Kokoulin, K G Kompaniets, E N Konstantinov, A V Korobchenko, E E Korosteleva, V A Kozhin, M Kunnas, L A Kuzmichev, V V Lenok, B K Lubsandorzhiev, N B Lubsandorzhiev, R R Mirgazov, R Mirzoyan, R D Monkhoev, R Nachtigall, A L Pakhorukov, M I Panasyuk, L V Pankov, V A Poleschuk, E G Popova, A Porelli, V V Prosin, V S Ptuskin, A A Petrukhin, G I Rubtsov, M Rueger, V S Samoliga, P S Satunin, V Yu Savinov, Yu A Semeney, B A Shaibonov Jr B A Shaibonov Jr, A A Silaev, A A Silaev Jr A A Silaev Jr, A V Skurikhin, M Slunecka, C Spiering, L G Sveshnikova, A Tkachenko, L Tkachev, M Tluczykont, R Wischnewski, I I Yashin, A V Zagorodnikov, and V L Zurbanov

Subjects
Physics, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Cherenkov detector, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Taiga, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics, Knee region, Cherenkov Telescope Array, law.invention, law, Instrumentation, Mathematical Physics, Cherenkov radiation
Abstract

TAIGA stands for ``Tunka Advanced Instrument for cosmic ray physics and Gamma Astronomy'' and is a project to built a complex, hybrid detector system for ground-based gamma-ray astronomy from a few TeV to several PeV, and for cosmic ray studies from 100 TeV to 1 EeV. TAIGA will search for ``PeVatrons'' (ultra-high energy gamma-ray sources) and measure the composition and spectrum of cosmic rays in the knee region (100 TeV–10 PeV) with good energy resolution and high statistics. TAIGA will include Tunka-HiSCORE — an array of wide-angle air Cherenkov stations, an array of Imaging Atmospheric Cherenkov Telescopes, an array of particle detectors, both on the surface and underground and the TUNKA-133 air Cherenkov array.

Published
2014
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41. First deployment and prototype data of HiSCORE

Author

R Nachtigall, M Kunnas, S N Epimakhov, M Tluczykont, L A Kuzmichev, S F Berezhnev, N M Budnev, M Büker, A Chiavassa, O B Chvalaev, O A Gress, A N Dyachok, U Einhaus, D Hampf, D Horns, A Ivanova, N I Karpov, N N Kalmykov, E N Konstantinov, A V Korobchenko, E E Korosteleva, V A Kozhin, B K Lubsandorzhiev, N B Lubsandorzhiev, R R Mirgazov, A Pakharukov, M I Panasyuk, L V Pankov, V Poleschuk, E G Popova, V V Prosin, V S Ptuskin, G P Rowell, Yu A Semeney, B A Shaibonov, A A Silaev, A A Silaev (junior), A V Skurikhin, C Spiering, L G Sveshnikova, R Wischnewski, I V Yashin, and A V Zagorodnikov

Subjects
Physics, History, Photomultiplier, COSMIC cancer database, Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Computer Science Applications, Education, Data acquisition, Air shower, Sky, media_common
Abstract

With the HiSCORE (Hundred*i Square kilometer Cosmic ORigin Explorer) experiment we aim at the exploration of the accelerator sky using indirect air shower observations of cosmic rays from 100 TeV to 1 EeV and gamma rays above 10 TeV to several PeV. In this paper the HiSCORE detector is discribed and the results of the first prototype deployment are shown. Several components are discussed like the photomultiplier tubes, the clip-sum-trigger and the DRS4 based data acquisition. We present data taken with a first prototype station in April 2012 at Tunka.

Published
2013
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42. The HiSCORE experiment and its potential for gamma-ray astronomy

Author

L. G. Sveshnikova, A. V. Zagorodnikov, E. E. Korosteleva, R. Wischnewski, M. Kunnas, M. Büker, A. Maurer, Bayarto Lubsandorzhiev, S. Epimakhov, R. Nachtigall, C. Spiering, U. Einhaus, L. A. Kuzmichev, V. A. Poleschuk, D. Hampf, M. Brückner, Yu. A. Semeney, Dieter Horns, M. Tluczykont, E. N. Konstantinov, A. Ivanova, Grigory Rubtsov, N.B. Lubsandorzhiev, V. V. Prosin, A. N. Dyachok, R. R. Mirgazov, Gavin Rowell, Petr Satunin, O. Chvalaev, O. A. Gress, N. M. Budnev, and A. L. Pakhorukov

Subjects
Physics, History, COSMIC cancer database, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Detector, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Gamma ray, Astronomy, Cosmic ray, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Gamma-ray astronomy, Astrophysics, Galaxy, Computer Science Applications, Education, Sky, Cherenkov radiation, media_common
Abstract

The HiSCORE (Hundred*i Square-km Cosmic ORigin Explorer) detector aims at the exploration of the accelerator sky, using indirect air-shower observations of cosmic rays from 100 TeV to 1 EeV and gamma rays in the last remaining observation window of gamma-ray astronomy from 10 TeV to several PeV. The main questions addressed by HiSCORE are cosmic ray composition and spectral measurements in the Galactic/extragalactic transition range, and the origin of cosmic rays via the search for gamma rays from Galactic PeV accelerators, the pevatrons. HiSCORE is based on non-imaging Cherenkov light-front sampling with sensitive large-area detector modules of the order of 0.5 m2. A prototype station was deployed on the Tunka cosmic ray experiment site in Siberia, where an engineering array of up to 1km2 is planned for deployment in 2012/2013. Here, we address the expected physics potential of HiSCORE, the status of the project, and further plans.

Published
2013
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43. The Baikal Neutrino project: Status and perspectives

Author

K.V. Konischev, I. A. Belolaptikov, Yu. A. Semeney, R. Vasiliev, V.A. Balkanov, A. N. Dyachok, Ole Streicher, Yu. V. Parfenov, Vy. Kuznetzov, Dmitry Chernov, R. R. Mirgazov, V. M. Aynutdinov, L. B. Bezrukov, O. A. Gress, V.F. Kulepov, V. A. Zhukov, N. I. Moseiko, A.P. Koshechkin, E. Vyatchin, B. A. M. Shaibonov, L. V. Pankov, V. Rubtzov, E. Popova, E.N. Pliskovsky, G.V. Domogatsky, A. M. Klabukov, M.B. Milenin, M. I. Rosanov, BayarJon Paul Lubsandorzhiev, R. Wischnewski, A. A. Pavlov, A. I. Klimov, E. A. Osipova, N. M. Budnev, V. Polecshuk, O. N. Gaponenko, A.G. Chensky, S. I. Klimushin, Ch. Spiering, A. I. Panfilov, I. I. Yashin, I. A. Danilchenko, G. Pan'kov, T. I. Gress, P. G. Pokhil, B. Tarashanky, L. A. Kuzmichev, Zh.-A.M. Dzhilkibaev, V. V. Prosin, and S. Mikheyev

Subjects
Physics, High energy, Particle physics, Range (particle radiation), Physics::Instrumentation and Detectors, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Neutrino telescope, Diffuse flux, Magnetic monopole, High Energy Physics::Experiment, Atmospheric neutrino, Neutrino, Neutrino oscillation
Abstract

We review the present status of the Baikal Neutrino Project and present results of a search for upward going atmospheric neutrinos, WIMPs and magnetic monopoles obtained with the detector NT-200. Also, the results of a search for very high energy neutrinos are presented. An upper limit on the v e+v μ+v T neutrino diffuse flux of E 2 · F(E) < 1.3 · 10 -6 cm-2 s-1 sr-1 GeV within a neutrino energy range 104 ÷ 107 GeV is obtained, assuming an E -2 behaviour of the neutrino spectrum and flavor ratio v e+v μ+v T = 1: 1: 1- We describe the moderate upgrade of NT-200 planned for the next years and discuss a possible detector on the Gigaton scale.

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