Search

Objective: Myocardial infarction (MI) has gained widespread interest due to its high death and disability rate worldwide. Some miRNAs are markers of heart disease. Therefore, it is necessary to understand the mechanism for repairing MI injury. Methods: Here, we evaluated the relative expression levels of miR-199a-3p in mouse and human myocardial cell models of injury, and its effect on myocardial cells viability using Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, 5-ethynyl-2’-deoxyuridline (EdU) assay, and flow cytometry assay as well as western blot in vitro. Furthermore, we performed bioinformatic online analysis to investigate the role that miR-199a-3p plays in cardiomyocyte injury, measured by dual-luciferase reporter assay. Results: The results showed that miR-199a-3p significantly increased the growth rate of cardiomyocytes after treating them with hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). miR-199a-3p also acted as an inhibitor that directly targeted NACC2, resulting in a higher NACC2 expression level in the injury model of cardiomyocytes than normal myocardial cells and thus preventing miR-199a-3p-induced proliferation promotion in model cardiomyocytes. Conclusion: Our results demonstrate that miR-199a-3p may be a prognostic biomarker in myocardial injury.

Long noncoding RNA colon cancer-associated transcript 1 (LncRNA CCAT1) is highly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and plays a role in autophagy. However, the underlying mechanism still needs to be further clarified. To study the role of LncRNA CCAT1 in regulating autophagy of gastric cancer cells, analyze its downstream targets, and elucidate the mechanism. qPCR detected the expression of LncRNA CCAT1 in gastric cancer cells. The proliferation, migration, and invasion ability of LncRNA CCAT1 and the expression level of autophagy-related proteins in gastric cancer cells were detected. Bioinformatics method predicted the downstream targets of LncRNA CCAT1, and they were verified by dual-luciferase assay. The relationship between LncRNA CCAT1, miR-140, and ATG5 was verified by co-transfection, and the expression levels of ATG5 and ATG5–ATG12 complex proteins were detected. Finally, the role of LncRNA CCAT1 in vivo was confirmed by gastric cancer transplantation model. LncRNA CCAT1 was highly expressed in gastric cancer cells. LncRNA CCAT1 can promote the proliferation, migration, invasion, and autophagy activity of gastric cancer cells. LncRNA CCAT1 can bind to miR-140-3p and regulate its expression, while miR-140-3p further regulates the expression of ATG5. Overexpression of LncRNA CCAT1 can promote tumor growth in nude mice. After LncRNA CCAT1 silencing, the positive expression rate of ATG5 in nude mice was low. LncRNA CCAT1 may inhibit the expression of miR-140-3p by sponge adsorption, thus weakening its inhibitory effect on ATG5. Eventually, gastric cancer cells were more prone to autophagy under the pressure of stress.

The protocol is out of date and does not meet the current methodological standards of Cochrane. Withdrawn by Cochrane Colorectal group, currently no plans to revise/republish.

Guo-Chen Duan, Xiao-Peng Zhang, Hui-En Wang, Zhi-Kang Wang, Hua Zhang, Lei Yu, Wen-Fei Xue, Zhi-Fei Xin, Zhong-Hui Hu, Qing-Tao Zhao Department of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Qing-Tao ZhaoDepartment of Thoracic Surgery, Hebei General Hospital, 348, West He-Ping Road, Shijiazhuang 050051, Hebei Province, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86-31185988756Email tao11182004@163.comBackground: Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have become potential diagnostic biomarker for several types of cancer, including lung cancer. In this study, we aim to determine whether CTCs detected by CellCollector can be used for early-stage diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods: In this study, we recruited 64 volunteers, among whom 44 were suspected lung cancer patients requiring surgical treatment and 20 were healthy volunteers. We simultaneously analyzed PD-L1 expression in CTCs isolated using the GILUPI CellCollector and copy number variation by next-generation sequencing (NGS).Results: We enrolled a total of 44 patients with suspected lung cancer who required surgery and 20 healthy volunteers. The patients were classified into 4 groups based on their pathological results: benign disease, in situ cancer, microinvasive, and invasive. The CTCs detection rate for each group was 10.00% (1/10), 45% (5/11), 50% (7/14), and 67% (6/9), respectively. Among the patients with lung cancer, the CTCs detection rate increased with disease progression. The rate of CTCs positivity was 52.94% (18/34) in patients who were diagnosed with lung cancer by pathology and 10% (1/10) in patients with benign disease. CTCs were not detected in the control group. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve, a measure for distinguishing patients with primary lung cancer, was 0.715 (95% CI 0.549– 0.880, P=0.041). The sensitivity and specificity of the in vivo CTCs detection strategy for the diagnosis of early-stage lung cancer were 52.94% and 90%, respectively. CTCs were associated with clinical pathology but not with the size and location of the nodules.Conclusion: CTCs isolation using the CellCollector in vivo detection method might be effective for distinguishing between benign and malignant nodules and may be used for early-stage diagnosis of lung cancer.Keywords: CellCollector, in vivo, circulating tumor cells, early-stage diagnosis, lung cancer

It is of great significance to study the friction characteristics in the process of slippage and friction of the wet clutch for optimizing vehicle start, improving vehicle driving comfort and prolonging the service life of the clutch. Based on the test data of wet multi-plate clutch under braking condition in SAE#2 test bench friction torque test, we analyze the influence of rotate speed and average pressure on the friction torque through the comparison of friction torque under two friction pairs. The results show that in the case of sufficient lubricating oil flow, the attenuation of multiple pairs of friction plates has nothing to do with the proportion of the groove area of friction plates. Friction torque attenuation will occur under any groove area, but different groove areas will affect the rotate speed and average pressure of this phenomenon. In general, the frictional torque attenuation of wet multi-plate clutch gradually increases with the increase of relative speed and decreases with the increase of average surface pressure.

Fiber bragg grating acoustic emission technology can be applied in bearing detection against on the issue of existing nondestructive testing for helicopter structural components mostly not realizing in-situ on-line monitoring. Description of Fiber grating acoustic emission detection principle, with the strengths and weaknesses of fiber bragg grating sensor; detailed analysis of fault mechanism and frequency of helicopter bearing, and study of the resonance demodulation algorithm for signal post-processing; proposing a case of bearing on-line detection compared with other detection technologies against consistent analysis result.

Breast cancer results from multi-step carcinogenesis, and the transforming process from normal to malignant cells is associated with profound metabolic disturbances. The metabolic transformation due to interplay between tumor and host during the development of breast cancer and its implications for breast cancer therapy have not been extensively investigated. Here, we report a metabonomic study on MCF-7 xenograft mice to delineate characteristic metabolic transformation during the development of breast cancer using a comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography–time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC×GC–TOF/MS) and an ultra performance liquid chromatography–quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Volatile oil extracted from Saussurea lappa Decne (VOSL), and Costunolide and Dehydrocostus lactone (Cos–Dehy), isolated from VOSL, were used to treat the MCF-7 xenograft mice to evaluate their efficiency and to investigate their pharmacological mechanism on inhibiting the growth of tumor. The dynamic changes of serum and urine metabolic profiles indicated that both VOSL and Cos–Dehy were able to attenuate metabolic perturbation MCF-7 xenograft mice, which is consistent with their efficiency that VOSL and Cos–Dehy significantly inhibit the growth of MCF-7 xenograft tumor. Significant alterations of key metabolic pathways, including elevated glycolysis and steroid hormone metabolism, and decreased unsaturated fatty acids metabolism, were observed in MCF-7 xenograft mice, which were attenuated or normalized by VOSL and Cos–Dehy treatment. Arachidonate, docosahexaenoic acid, eicosapentaenoic acid, linoleate, dihomo-γ-linolenate, 20α-hydroxyprogesterone, and cortisone were selected as a panel of candidate pathological biomarkers of MCF-7 xenografts, which may be further developed to be valuable diagnostic markers for the early detection of breast cancer.

A method based on high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet detection was developed for studying the pharmacokinetics of costunolide (Cos) and dehydrocostus lactone (Dehy) in rats after intravenous (i.v.) administration. Following i.v. administration, the maximum plasma concentrations of Cos and Dehy were observed to be 12.29 ± 1.47 and 5.79 ± 0.13 µg/mL, respectively. The bioavailability of Cos was larger than that of Dehy; however, the clearance and the volume of distribution of Dehy were much larger than those of Cos. An ultraperformance liquid chromatography/quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry system with automated MS(E) (E represents collision energy) data analysis software (MetaboLynx(TM)) was used to analyze and identify the metabolites of Cos and Dehy in vivo. Four metabolites of Cos and six metabolites of Dehy were discovered from the plasma, urine and feces of rats. The main metabolic pathway of Cos was phase II biotransformation, but the main metabolic pathways of Dehy was phase І biotransformation. Two sequential desaturations and N-acetylcysteine conjugation were the common metabolic pathways of Cos and Dehy in rats. This information may be useful for the further development of the two drug candidates.

Several Chinese herbs, namely, Pu-Gong-Ying, Gan-Cao, Chai-Hu, Mu-Xiang, Gua-Lou and Huang-Yao-Zi, are frequently used in complex traditional Chinese medicing formulas for breast hyperplasia and breast tumor therapy. The pharmacological effects of these Chinese herbs are all described as 'clearing heat-toxin and resolving masses' in traditional use. However, the chemical profiles of anti-breast cancer constituents in these herbs has not been investigated so far. In this study, a bioactivity-oriented screening platform, which was based on a human breast cancer MCF-7 cellular model, semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet spectrophotometry and ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer, was developed to rapidly screen the six Chinese herbs. Two potential anti-breast cancer compounds, which were costunolide (Cos) and dehydrocostus lactone (Dehy), were identified in Mu-Xiang. Combination of the two compounds showed a synergism on inhibiting the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in vitro, which exhibits a potential application prospect for breast cancer therapy. This bioactivity-oriented screening strategy is rapid, economical, reliable and specific for screening potential anti-breast cancer compounds in traditional Chinese medicines.

Neutron source has broad application prospects in crystallography, neutron irradiation, neutron therapy for cancer, and so on. As a new scheme to produce bright pulsed neutron source, the laser-driven neutron has attracted wide interest. In recent years, laser driven neutron sources have been extensively studied and the great progress has been made. Short pulsed laser driven neutron sources could be a compact and relatively cheap way to produce quasi-monoenergetic neutrons. The yields and the angular distributions of the laser-driven neutron sources are important in the research of laser-driven neutron sources and relevant applications. We conduct experimental investigation of this respect by using the XingGuang-Ⅲ high intense laser facility, which delivers synchronized picosecond and nanosecond laser pulses. The picosecond laser energy is 100 J, the pulse width is 1 ps, and the focusing spot diameter is 20 μm. At this time, the corresponding laser power density reaches 3×1019 W/cm2. A high-energy deuterium ion beam is produced by focusing the picosecond laser on a deuterated polyethylene foil, and the deuterium ion beam is incident on a secondary deuterated polyethylene planar target to activate the D-D reaction to obtain the neutron beam. In the experiment, the neutron yield and its angular distribution are measured by the different-sensitivity BD-PND bubble detectors, which are placed in the target chamber around the target. The emission of the neutron beam is found to be non-uniform. A maximum intensity of 5.13×107 n/sr is observed in the forward direction. The angular distribution of the neutron beam is theoretically calculated by taking into account the energy-angle cross section, the angular and energy distribution of the incident deuterium ion beam. The probability of the neutron energy-angle distribution in the laboratory system is obtained by the coordinate transformation from the probability in the center of mass frame. The results show good agreement with the experimental measurements. This experiment has a certain reference value in the practical application of D-D reaction neutron source.

A phenomenon of negative resistance is found in two-dimensional bistable and periodic potentials via Langevin simulation, where output quantities for noise and signal driven system, such as the power-spectrum density modulus and the signal power amplification, can become minima at finite temperatures. In such a system, the curvature of the potential along non-transport degree of freedom at the barrier is larger than that at the local minima. The temperature-dependent effective barrier, i.e. entropic barrier, is introduced via integration over the non-transport variables. The system shows the negative resistance because of the competence between the signal and the entropic barrier.

The laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectra of jet-cooled CuF have been recorded in the range of 19000-21470cm-1, in which the CuF radicals were produced by the reaction of SF6 with copper atoms from a dc discharge-sputtering source under supersonic jet conditions. Eight observed vibronic transition bands have been assigned as the transition from the ground state X(1Σ+) to B(1Σ+), C(1Π) and an unreported upper state. The rotational structure of all observed bands has been analysed at the estimated rotational temperature 80K. We determined the newly observed band to be the (1Π,v = 1)-X(1Σ+v = 0) transition according to the character of the rotational structure and the isotopic shift analysis. In addition, the lifetimes of the states involved in these bands were measured.

The laser-induced fluorescence excitation spectrum of the A2Σ--X2Π3/2 transition of CuO in the 540-620nm region has been studied, where the CuO molecule was produced by using the technique of dc discharge reaction under a supersonic condition. We have recorded and rotationally analysed the 0-0, 1-0, 2-0 and 3-0 bands. The rotational constants of the upper state A2Σ- were determined and vibrational constants improved. In addition, the lifetime measurement for the A2Σ- state was carried out under the collision-free condition and the lifetimes obtained are 469±2, 456±2, 488±3 and 490±4ns for v'=0, v'=1, v'=2 and v'=3 levels, respectively.

Several Chinese herbs, namely, Pu-Gong-Ying, Gan-Cao, Chai-Hu, Mu-Xiang, Gua-Lou and Huang-Yao-Zi, are frequently used in complex traditional Chinese medicing formulas for breast hyperplasia and breast tumor therapy. The pharmacological effects of these Chinese herbs are all described as 'clearing heat-toxin and resolving masses' in traditional use. However, the chemical profiles of anti-breast cancer constituents in these herbs has not been investigated so far. In this study, a bioactivity-oriented screening platform, which was based on a human breast cancer MCF-7 cellular model, semi-preparative high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ultraviolet spectrophotometry and ultraperformance liquid chromatography coupled to quadrupole-time-of-flight mass spectrometer, was developed to rapidly screen the six Chinese herbs. Two potential anti-breast cancer compounds, which were costunolide (Cos) and dehydrocostus lactone (Dehy), were identified in Mu-Xiang. Combination of the two compounds showed a synergism on inhibiting the proliferation of MCF-7 cells in vitro, which exhibits a potential application prospect for breast cancer therapy. This bioactivity-oriented screening strategy is rapid, economical, reliable and specific for screening potential anti-breast cancer compounds in traditional Chinese medicines.

Realistic visualization of crops, forest, peri/urban, natural scenes raises high interest under the environmental pressure and social demand. Unfortunately, despite the capabilities of the Internet and graphic boards, virtual landscapes and scenes are still restricted to small-scale user communities, with low dynamics, low aestheticism, low respect for biophysical laws. Web large-scale VR vegetation scenes are a challenging topic, due to the complex geometry and its rendering; and due to the lack of efficient modeling method and dynamics understanding. Moreover, VR must involve close objects that can interact easily with contextual background objects as to settle applications. However, specific solutions exist, and some of them can be used for WebVR display: light weighted static plant models, paged land scape map geometry, procedural vegetation generation on the fly. Reconstructions from photos, mixture of real and synthetic images in augmented reality are also of interest for this topic. On the study case "the Ecological project of Chinese ChongMing Island", new techniques are shown: Plant billboards and hybrid models, VRML classical scenes of historical farms, and guided maps with 3D web flash panoramic spot views. Perspectives are finally exposed from new developments: rule based geometry generation Web browsing, fast reconstruction from image models, high-level simulator output, with a background of new Web and graphical hardware approaches.

The PMA symposium series on Plant Growth Modeling and Applications was initiated by LIAMA, the French-Chinese Laboratory for Computer Sciences, Automation and Applied Mathematics. The main goal was to bring together researchers from different disciplines, including plant, environmental and computer sciences, forestry and agronomy, in order to share knowledge, ideas and methods in this new field. PMA06, the second conference in this series, took place in Beijing, China and hosted over 100 participants from 15 different countries. This event was organized in partnership with IEEE and was supported by several Chinese and French Institutes (CAF, CAS, CASIA, CAU, CSIG, NERCITA, CIRAD, INRA, INRIA), as well as by the French Embassy in China and the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). This Proceedings volume contains most of the technical and scientific results that were presented at PMA06, both as oral communications and posters. Long and short papers in the following subject areas have been published: - New advances in plant growth modeling; - Analyzing and modeling plant structure; - Modeling plant interaction with its environment; - Application of plant growth models in agronomy; - Model validation and system in agriculture; - Application of tree growth models in forestry; - Plant geometric models; - Plant and landscape visualization techniques. We hope the readers will find new ideas and research topics in this book that is rich in its diversity of approaches and applications concerning plant growth models.

The perception of landscapes by the public and the prediction of their evolutions according to management plans become an important source of concern in the decision of rural space or forests managers, farmers and local administrations. The use of Geographic Information System (GIS) makes the geo-referenced data exploitation easier and allows production of bi-dimensional maps. Techniques for tri-dimensional visualization are less developed and are usually deficient for interactivity. Because of the very low forest growth, it is however necessary to use virtual realistic mock-ups of stands with interactive visualization tools to explore and discuss different exploitation scenarios producing effects on several decades. The realism of the forest models is of main importance to reproduce accurate visual environment. However, the resulting data complexity will be hardly handled by modern computer without simplification schemes and several visual artifacts such as aliasing will appear. This project aims at providing some robust interactive tools for virtual forest visualization. We consider very general 3D stand descriptions based on polygonal representations, such as AMAP descriptions, without limit in the variety or types of trees. Various simplification schemes are used to display tree models according to the view point with adaptative level of details. Our techniques are based on the geometric analysis of plant architectural shape and define adaptative representations of this geometry. Several computer graphics methods, such as texture mapping and anti-aliasing algorithm, are used to enhance reality experience in display. The specific methods we use include: (1) use of a multiscale topological structure to define progressive simplification of complex foliage and flowers; (2) multi-resolutional construction of plant branching geometry; (3) level of details and speed of display can be balanced and controlled by user; (4) plant models with high and low simplification rates can be displayed in the same forestry scene according to their visual importance. During simplification, original visual appearances of tree models are maintained within permission scope. The usefulness of this interface tool for human-computer interaction for virtual forestry growth experiment will be shown with various software demonstrations. (Texte intégral)

Pharmacokinetics of ivermectin in Carassius auratus was studied following a single oral or intramuscular administration at dose of 0.4 mg/kg.After following these two different administration routes,IVM concentration-time cruves in most tissues of C.auratus exhibited multi-peak phenomenon.After intramuscular administration,non-compartmental pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:Cmax=0.445 mg/L,Tmax=48 h,t1/2z=524.2 h,MRT(0-∞)=788 h and AUC(0-∞)=289.2(mg/L)·h.After oral administration,non-compartmental pharmacokinetic parameters were as follows:Cmax=0.264 mg/L,Tmax=8 h,t1/2z=153.9 h,MRT(0-∞)=269.78 h,and AUC(0-∞)=83.77(mg/L)·h.Comparing parameters of these two administration routes,we found that the rate of absorption and elimination following the oral administration was relatively higher than that following the intramuscular administration,while the bioavailability of the latter was higher.The AUC0-600 values in different tissues of C.auratus have same sequence:gonadbloodkidneyhepatopancreasmuscle.IVM shows some kind of accumulative effect in both gonad and kidney,as high IVM concentration and slow elimination rate and long MRT in these two tissues,especially in ovary.When water temperature is 25 ℃,we suggest IVM withdrawal period in C.auratus no less than 25 or 15 days following a single intramuscular or oral administration respectively at dose of 0.4 mg/kg.As drug withdrawal period had significant relationship with both water temperature and administration dose,so drug withdrawal period should be adjusted properly according to the practical aquaculture conditions.

In this paper we study the chaos synchronization of a new Lü chaotic system containing constants via three methods, i.e., state observer, active control method, and backstepping method. Based on the above three methods, the we design an adaptive controller according to the Lyapunov stability theory which proves that the controller can well realize the asymptotical synchronization between two identical systems. Through numerical simulation, we further verify the effectiveness and the advantage of the above three synchronization methods. The synchronization method based on state observer is believed to be more flexible and efficient through the comparative analysis of three kinds of synchronization methods.