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We discuss three developments in the study of the tangential Casimir force [Z. Zhang, New J. Phys. 24 (2022) 113036]. The first one generalizes the force from dielectrics to magnetodielectrics. This generalization is readily realized with the help of working out the total zero-point energy of multilayered magnetodielectrics. The second one revisits the tangential force for real conductors by taking into account the temperature dependence of their dielectric constants, and provides needed theoretical results for experimental investigations that are expected to be conducted at room temperature. The third investigates the Casimir torque from plates made of isotropic media, which offers a simple way to realize torques for uncharged surfaces., 9 pages

We study the definable topological dynamics $(G,S_G(M))$ of a definable group acting on its type space, where $M$ is a structure and $G$ is a group definable in $M$. In \cite{Newelski-I}, Newelski raised a question of whether weakly generic types coincide with almost periodic types in definable topological dynamics. In \cite{YZ-Sta}, we introduced the notion of stationarity, showing the answer is positive when $G$ is a stationary definably amenable group definable over the field of $p$-adic numbers or an $o$-minimal expansion of real closed field. In this paper, we continue with the work of \cite{YZ-Sta}, focusing on the case where $G$ is a commutative group definable over the field of $p$-adic numbers, and showing that weakly generic types coincide with almost periodic types if and only if either $G$ has definable $f$-generics or $G$ is stationary., arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:2209.08495

This short review is dedicated to the long-awaited event ‘Beijing Symposium of Sinicised Catholic Theology – The Chinese Face of Jesus Christ’ and deals with the historical background of some its events. It is also a personal document filled with statements derived from the given observations.

With the development of nuclear power, the disposal and disposal of high-level waste generated by nuclear power plants have also received great attention from the public. After a comprehensive comparison of methods such as transmutation method, dilution method and isolation method, at present, deep geological disposal of high-level radioactive waste is recognized as the best method for nuclear waste at home and abroad. During the construction stage of the repository, due to excavation, the stress in the surrounding rock is redistributed and the surrounding rock is disturbed. The original fissures in the rock mass expand and connect, resulting in new micro-cracks, and the permeability coefficient of the rock mass becomes larger. It is the excavation damaged zone (EDZ). EDZ is located between the engineering barrier of the high-level radioactive waste repository and the remote surrounding rock, and is an important channel for the migration of radionuclides. Groundwater flowing through the deep surrounding rock fissures and the fracture zone of the disturbed layer cause water-rock reaction to change the composition, which affects the release rate and migration parameters of radionuclides in the high-level glass body. It is necessary to obtain large-scale fissures during excavation in the underground laboratory. Rock and disturbed layer fracture zone, establish nuclide release and migration devices, and obtain groundwater intrusion into deep surrounding rock fissures and disturbed fracture zones that lead to the release and migration parameters of high-level radioactive glass nuclide, which is useful for the safety evaluation of the entire geological disposal site. Researchers conducted simulation analysis through experiments and computer software and found that fissure water, Eh-pH, fissure fillings, colloids in the fissures, and humic acid in the fissures in the EDZ zone all affect the migration of nuclide. Carrying out research on the effect of EDZ on the release of nuclide source terms in high-level radioactive waste and studying on the migration behavior of nuclide under deep surrounding rock conditions, and grasping the release law of key nuclides under deep geological conditions and their migration in EDZ areas and fissuring laws and optimizing migration models will provide technical reserves for nuclear in situ migration experiments during the operation phase of underground laboratories, and provide technical support and scientific basis for the site selection, conceptual design and safety evaluation of my country’s high-level radioactive waste repository.

Additional file 11: Table S2. Clinical information of AD and control CSF in Fig. 1d.

Additional file 10: Table S1. Clinical information of human post-mortem tissues in Fig. 1a, c, e-g, and Fig. S1a-b.

Additional file 1. Concludes the results of the characterization of multifunctional nanoliposomes and DOX-CB and the results of cellular distribution and the cell viability of DOX-CB. The results of additional animal experiments such as evaluation of the GL261-orthotopicglioma in the C57BL/6 mouse model and HE staining of different organs.

CFD was employed to simulate the steam flow in 1.5-stage cascades with three different seal clearances. When the seal clearance is 0, there is no steam seal leakage, no obvious secondary flow in the cascade, and the stage efficiency reaches 88.27%. When the clearance of diaphragm seal and rotor tip seal is 1mm, the leakage of diaphragm seal strongly interferes with the flow in the cascade, which promotes the formation and development of the end-wall secondary flow near rotor hub, and the rotor tip leakage flow has little effect on next stage, and the stage efficiency drops by about 2 percentage points. When the seal clearance is 4mm, the end-wall secondary flow near rotor hub and next stator casing is strengthened significantly, and the attack angle loss increases, so the stage efficiency decreases by about 13 percentage points.

A new superabsorbent composite poly(acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid)/graphene oxide was synthesized by solution polymerization of acrylic acid and 2-acrylamido-2-methyl-1-propane sulfonic acid in the presence of graphene oxide (GO) using ammonium persulfate as an initiator and N,N′-methylene bisacrylamide as a cross-linker. The composite was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, powder X-ray diffraction, high-resolution scanning electron microscope, scanning electron microscope–energy-dispersive spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. It indicated that GO served as a cross-linker during polymerization. The swelling behavior of the composite in deionized water and 0.9% NaCl solution was investigated in detail. It showed that there was a remarkable increment of absorption after the incorporation of GO. The absorption capacities of water and saline increased from 322 and 59 g/g to 768 and 115 g/g, respectively, as the content of GO increased from 0 to 5 wt%. The composite exhibit good water retention performances. The movement of both hydrate and bound water in the composite was greatly blocked due to the steric hindrance and attraction of the hydrophilic groups. Water retention rate was 65.2 and 34.2% after drying for 6 h at 60 and 100 °C, respectively.

Jiejian Chen,1,2 Qiyao Yang,1,2 Minchen Liu,3 Mengting Lin,2 Tiantian Wang,2 Zhentao Zhang,2 Xincheng Zhong,2 Ningning Guo,2 Yiying Lu,2 Jing Xu,1 Changsheng Wang,4 Min Han,2 Qichun Wei1 1Department of Radiation Oncology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People’s Republic of China; 2Institute of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, People’s Republic of China; 3Engineering Research Center of Modern Preparation Technology of TCM, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Qichun WeiDepartment of Radiation Oncology, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Intervention, The Second Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310009, People’s Republic of ChinaTel +86 571 8778 3521Fax +86 571 8721 4404Email qichun_wei@zju.edu.cnChangsheng WangDepartment of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, People’s Republic of ChinaEmail wangcs15@163.comPurpose: Boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) is an emerging binary radiotherapy, which is limited for application due to the challenge of targeted delivery into tumor nowadays. Here, we propose the use of iRGD-modified polymeric nanoparticles for active targeted delivery of boron and doxorubicin (DOX) in BNCT.Methods: 10B-enriched BSH was covalently grafted to PEG-PCCL to prepare 10B-polymer, then surface-modified with iRGD. And, DOX was physically incorporated into polymers afterwards. Characterization of prepared polymers and in vitro release profile of DOX from polymers were determined by several methods. Cellular uptake of DOX was observed by confocal microscope. Accumulation of boron in cells and tissues was analyzed by ICP-MS. Biodistribution of DOX was studied by ex vivo fluorescence imaging and quantitative measurement. Tumor vascular normalization of Endostar for promoting delivery efficiency of boron on refractory B16F10 tumor was also studied.Results: The polymers were monodisperse and spheroidal in water with an average diameter of 24.97 nm, which were relatively stable at physiological pH and showed a sustained release of DOX, especially at endolysosomal pH. Enhanced cellular delivery of DOX was found in iRGD-modified polymer group. Cellular boron uptake of iRGD-modified polymers in A549 cells was remarkably raised fivefold (209.83 ng10B/106cells)compared with BSH. The polymers represented prolonged blood circulation, enhanced tumor accumulation of 10B against BSH, and favorable tumor:normal tissue boron concentration ratios (tumor:blood = 14.11, tumor:muscle = 19.49) in A549 tumor-bearing mice 24 hrs after injection. Both fluorescence imaging and quantitative measurement showed the highest tumor accumulation of DOX at 24 hrs after injecting of iRGD-modified polymers. Improvement of vascular integrity and reduction of vascular mimicries were found after Endostar injection, and raised tumor accumulation of boron as well.Conclusion: The developed nanoparticle is an inspiring candidate for the safe clinical application for BNCT.Keywords: BNCT, drug delivery, polymer–drug conjugate, BSH, doxorubicin

BACKGROUND: Cardiac kinases play a critical role in the development of heart failure, and represent potential tractable therapeutic targets. However, only a very small fraction of the cardiac kinome has been investigated. To identify novel cardiac kinases involved in heart failure, we employed an integrated transcriptomics and bioinformatics analysis and identified Homeodomain-Interacting Protein Kinase 2 (HIPK2) as a novel candidate kinase. The role of HIPK2 in cardiac biology is unknown. METHODS: We used the Expression2Kinase algorithm for the screening of kinase targets. To determine the role of HIPK2 in the heart, we generated cardiomyocyte-specific HIPK2 knockout (CM-KO) and heterozygous (CM-Het) mice. Heart function was examined by echocardiography and related cellular and molecular mechanisms were examined. Adeno-associated virus serotype 9 (AAV9) carrying cardiac-specific constitutively active MEK1 (TnT-MEK1-CA) were administrated to rescue cardiac dysfunction in CM-KOs. RESULTS: To our knowledge, this is the first study to define the role of HIPK2 in cardiac biology. Using multiple HIPK2 loss-of-function mouse models, we demonstrated that reduction of HIPK2 in cardiomyocytes leads to cardiac dysfunction—suggesting a causal role in heart failure. Importantly, cardiac dysfunction in HIPK2 KOs developed with advancing age, but not during development. In addition, CM-KO and CM-Het exhibited a gene dose-response relationship of cardiomyocyte HIPK2 on heart function. HIPK2 expression in the heart was significantly reduced in human end-stage ischemic cardiomyopathy compared to non-failing myocardium, suggesting a clinical relevance of HIPK2 in cardiac biology. In vitro studies with neonatal rat ventricular cardiomyocytes corroborated the in vivo findings. Specifically, adenovirus-mediated overexpression of HIPK2 suppressed the expression of heart failure markers, NPPA and NPPB, at basal condition and abolished phenylephrine-induced pathological gene expression. An array of mechanistic studies revealed impaired ERK1/2 signaling in HIPK2 deficient hearts. In vivo rescue experiment with AAV9 TnT-MEK1-CA nearly abolished the detrimental phenotype of KOs suggesting that impaired ERK signaling mediated apoptosis as the key factor driving the detrimental phenotype in CM-KO hearts. CONCLUSIONS: Taken together, these findings suggest that cardiomyocyte HIPK2 is required to maintain normal cardiac function via ERK signaling.

Adsorption of four dyes, namely methyl violet (MV), rhodamine 6G (R6G), acid chrome blue K (AK) and xylenol orange (XO) onto sodium alginate graft poly(acrylic acid-co-2-acrylamide-2-methyl-1-propanesulfonicacid)/kaolin (SA-g-P(AA-co-AMPS)/KL) hydrogel composite is studied. The factors influencing the adsorption capacities, including the initial concentrations of dye solutions, contact time, initial pH values and dosage of the adsorbent as well as ionic strength of the solution are discussed. It is more effective for the composite to adsorb cationic dyes such as MV and R6G rather than anionic dyes AK and XO. The maximum adsorption capacities of MV, R6G, AK and XO are 1361.1, 1627.8, 563.5 and 312.4 mg/g, respectively. The adsorption thermodynamics for the four dyes are in accordance with both the Freudlich and Redlich-Peterson equations. It is shown that adsorption of the cationic dyes R6G and MV is spontaneous, while that of anionic dyes AK and XO is not. The kinetics studies show that the adsorption of the four dyes fitted a pseudo-second-order equation.

Experiments referring to dynamic fracture of ductile metals, which is strongly dependent on the loading path, have been performed on the platform of an electromagnetically driven expanding ring. The time of the onset of fracture and the time at which the first complete fracture surface is formed were accurately measured by incorporating a B dot probe. The resistive voltage and current of the ring were measured in the experiment as a function of time, and the ratio between them subsequently yields time dependence of the ring resistance, which manifests itself as a quantity extraordinarily sensitive to localized nucleation and growth of fracture and can be used to verify the related theoretical model of dynamic fracture. The temperature of the specimen was determined by Joule heating and plastic work under an assumption of adiabatic process. Hence, the time of initiation of fracture and the loading path including stress, strain, strain rate, and temperature were determined at the same time. The correlation between the initiation of fracture and the loading path can be used to establish a fracture model. A binary model of fracture was proposed to depict the thermodynamic character of fracture, and a phenomenological fracture criterion was established based on experimental observations. The binary model implies that the fraction of fractured atoms obeys a Fermi–Dirac-like distribution. The key point of the proposed fracture criterion lies in that fracture grows when the departure velocity of neighboring instable points due to expansion of the ring is larger than the velocity of energy transport.

It is shown that the correction to the vertex for fermion pair annihilation and production in the low-energy region is equal to the value of the wave function for the two-body system at the origin. The procedure also shows directly that the emergence of the Sommerfeld effect in quantum mechanics is the product of the reduction of the vertex correction from four spacetime dimensions to three-dimensional space. Meanwhile, the reciprocal wave function is introduced into quantum mechanics., 8 pages. A research note available on www.physzhang.com

For a movable mine refuge chamber, the refrigeration system is important to remove miners' body heat and the heat input from the hot outside environment. The refrigeration cycle has been changed from closed cycle using traditional Freon refrigerant to open cycle using high pressure carbon dioxide. The open cycle refrigerator has no compressor and it consumes no electricity. The open system is composed of a Joule–Thomson (JT) valve, an evaporator, a capillary heat exchanger, a pneumatic blower and several connecting tubes. For the evaporator, a stainless steel heat exchanger as well as a smooth tube heat exchanger were designed and tested and compared with a conventional finned tube copper heat exchanger. The tests show that the performance of cooling and dehumidification is nearly the same for the three heat exchangers. Because the stainless heat exchanger has higher strength and lower cost than the two others, it might be the best choice in actual applications. A long capillary tube heat exchanger is used to decrease the carbon dioxide pressure from around 20–35 bar to 5 bar, and at the same time the gas is kept above a temperature of 10 °C by making use of the sensible heat.

This study investigates the performance of a heat pump dryer. Taking the mushroom as the research object, a Heat-Pump Dryer (HPD) was designed and manufactured. Through the measure of air temperature and air humidity in the drying chamber, it shows that air distribution is more uniform in the lower part, drying process lasted 670 min, 90 kg of fresh mushroom ware load in the drying chamber, finally 75.2 kg of water was evaporated and same time 33.2 kW·h of electricity was consumed. The average value of Specific Moisture Extraction Rate (SMER) is 2.3 kg/kW·h for the whole heat pump dryer, if only calculated the power consumption of compressor, the SMER was 3.5 kg/kW·h.

Directly measuring the Higgs self-coupling is of great importance for testing the Brout-Englert-Higgs mechanism in the Standard Model. As a scattering that contains the direct information from the Higgs self-coupling, we investigate the process $\mu^-\mu^+\rightarrow HH$ in the threshold region. We calculate the one-loop corrections to the cross section and consider the non-perturbative contribution from the Higgs self-interactions in the final state. It is found that the scattering in the nonrelativistic domain could be an especial process to testing the Higgs sector directly., Comment: 4 pages

In this paper, a set of heat pump (called as Mechanical Vapor Recompression, MVR) propelled by a centrifugal fan is tested and it shows some special characteristic when it works together with a falling film evaporator. Firstly, an analysis of the fan’s suction and discharge parameters at stable state, such as its pressure and temperature, indicates that a phenomenon of wet compression is probably to appear during vapor compression. As a result, superheat after saturated vapor is compressed is eliminated, which reduces discharge temperature of the system. It is because drops boil away and absorb the super heat into their latent heat during vapor compression. Meanwhile, drops in the suction vapor add to the compressed vapor, which increase the given heat of the MVR heat pump. Next, assistant electric heat could adjust and keep steady of the operating pressure and temperature of an MVR heat pump. With the evaporation temperature up to be high, heat balance is broken and supplement heat needs to increase. Thirdly, the performance of an MVR heat pump is affect by the balance of falling film and evaporation that has an effect on heat transfer. Then, two parameters standing for the performance are measured as it runs in practical condition. The two important parameters are consumptive electricity power and productive water capacity. According to theoretical work in ideal condition by calculation and fan’s input power by measure as running, adiabatic efficiency (ηad) of a centrifugal fan is calculated when it is applied in a heat pump of MVR. Following, based on ηad, practical SMER and COP of an MVR heat pump are discovered to be correlative with it. Finally, in dependence on productive water in theory and in practice, displacement efficiency (ηv) of centrifugal fans is obtained when compressing vapor, and so provide some references of matching a fan for an MVR heat pump. On the other hand, it is helpful to research and develop MVR heat pumps, and also to check electricity power consumption while operating practically in light of electric motor efficiency (ηe) and ηad.

In this paper we analyze certificate structure, discuss on authentication method based certificate in mobile network environment. This paper proposes a privilege management system based on attribute certificate in mobile network environment. The system uses attribute certificate which is a high security privilege management method to provide user privilege in large scale applications. The use of attribute certificate, distribute OCSP service and USIM support are also discussed in this paper.

Horizontal multi-stage fracturing has been currently the primary method for developing tight reservoirs. However, the unavailability of quantitative fracture network characterization remains an impediment in this regard. In light of this, this present work aims at characterizing the fracture morphology of each fracturing stage by using tracer breakthrough curve (BTC) from fracturing fluid recovery. This shall provide a solid guidance for the quantitative recognition of discrete fracture network in tight reservoirs development. Based on field-scale tracer application in Xinjiang oilfield, fracture networks mapped through microseismic monitoring were firstly categorized upon fracture scales. Then correlative relationship between tracer BTCs and fracture morphology categories was built through statistics approach. A single-well tracer injection-withdrawal seepage model which permits an explicit modeling of discrete fractures was developed based on discrete fracture model (DFM) to perform history matching of field tracer BTC. Finally, sensitivity analysis was conducted to quantitatively uncover the general influence of fractures statistical parameters, i.e. central point density, mean and standard deviation of orientation, length and aperture, on the initial concentration, peak concentration and signal duration of BTC. According to microseismic monitoring results, fracture network can be roughly categorized into micro fractures, large fractures and their mix. Corresponding tracer BTCs for different fracture network categories indicate: when micro fractures dominate, tracer BTC gives a normal distribution type with a lower initial and peak concentration and a longer signal duration; when essentially large fractures present, tracer BTC behaves as a unimodal type with a higher initial and peak concentration and a shorter signal duration; when large and micro fractures coexist, tracer BTC resembles a parabolic unimodal type with a higher initial concentration and a longer signal duration. Sensitivity studies based on DFM simulation show: (1) the statistical parameter of mean has a more profound impact on tracer BTC than that of standard deviation; (2) a higher fracture central point density contributes to a larger fracturing range, lower initial and peak concentration and a longer signal duration; (3) fracture orientation exerts a determinant role in the number of fracture intersections with horizontal wellbore, and a higher initial and peak concentration occurs when fractures are approximately parallel to the wellbore; (4) a shorter fracture length will lead to a higher initial and peak concentration due to the limited tracer propagation area underground; (5) with the increase of fracture aperture, more serious flow-filed dispersion happens and thus lower initial and peak concentration occurs. A correlative relationship between fracture network spacial configuration and tracer BTC in tight reservoirs has been obtained via statistically analyzing tracer BTCs for different fracture network types. Furthermore, sensitivity analysis helped single out the key controlling factors for quantitatively recognizing complex fracture networks, which will offer practical means of characterizing discrete fractures for fracturing effect assessment and dynamics prediction.