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Additional file 2. Lesions variables in the validation cohort, shows all TRUS parameters and preoperative variables for each lesion in the validation cohort.

Additional file 1. Lesions variables in the development cohort, shows all TRUS parameters and preoperative variables for each lesion in the development cohort.

Supplemental Document

Improved fat metabolism and reduced body fat have been observed in aquatic and terrestrial animals fed diets supplemented with green tea. Rainbow trout cultured commercially often contain high levels of body and visceral fat, which is linked to reduced yield and added difficulties in processing. Reducing fat levels is of interest to commercial trout producers. In this study, three varieties of green tea were supplemented into feed at 0, 1, 2, and 4% of diet and fed to rainbow trout (34.4 ± 1.5 g initial weight) in triplicate tanks containing 50 fish each. At the end of 60 days, fish were sampled to determine effects on growth performance, fat content (whole body and intraperitoneal (IP)), and muscle fatty acid (FA) profile. Trout fed the highest level (4%) of green tea had an improved muscle FA profile (lower saturated FA and higher polyunsaturated FA) and reduced IP fat content (1.5 ± 0.13% whole body weight) compared to the basal diet (2.0 ± 0.17). However, these fish also had lower weight gain (71.9 ± 11.3 versus 93.2 ± 4.28 g for the basal diet). These effects did not appear to be caused by reduced feed intake, which was significantly higher for trout fed the 4% tea diet (2.21% body weight day−1) in contrast to the other diets (approximately 1.9% body weight day−1). It is unclear why the IP fat content and growth performance declined, but it may be related to lower fat digestibility in the gut or increased fat metabolism from dietary supplementation of green tea.

Aiming at the problem of economic operation of multiple microgrids system, a coordinated optimized operation method of multiple microgrids in integrated energy system based on alliance theory was proposed. Firstly, energy storage station was introduced into multiple microgrids optimal scheduling, the energy flow relationship between various links was studied, and an economic optimal dispatch model was established under the alliance mode of multiple microgrids and energy storage station; Secondly, constructed a Shapely value benefits distribution mechanism to carry out the initial benefits distribution of the alliance and the secondary distribution of the multiple microgrids internal benefits. Finally, taking a typical daily scenario as an example, the optimal operation scheduling strategy of multiple microgrids with the participation of energy storage station was obtained. The results showed that the method proposed in this paper can effectively improve the benefits of all participants and ensure the economic operation of multiple microgrids, at the same time, it realized the full consumption of renewable energy.

The mechanisms involved in the development of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) are poorly understood. One potential mechanism involved in BPH pathogenesis may involve altered expression of genes related to apoptosis and proliferation because reduced cell death and increased proliferation are thought to contribute to prostatic enlargement. This study examined the expression of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL-2) and B-cell lymphoma-extra large (BCL-XL), two important anti-apoptosis factors that are also capable of inhibiting cell proliferation via accelerated G1 arrest or delayed G1/S transition, using immunostaining in simple prostatectomy BPH specimens from patients naïve to androgen manipulation. Since androgens and inflammation are thought to play important roles in BPH pathogenesis, we tested the effect of inhibiting 5a-reductase and/or COX-2 on the expression of BCL-2 and BCL-XL in BPH specimens from prostate cancer patients with BPH. These patients had no prior use of chronic NSAIDs and/or 5a-reductase inhibitors and were treated with celecoxib, finasteride, celecoxib plus finasteride or no treatment for 28 consecutive days prior to surgery. In all specimens, BCL-2 and BCL-XL staining was evident in both luminal and basal epithelial cells, with more intense staining in basal cells. Both luminal and basal cells exhibited decreased BCL-2 and BCL-XL staining in BPH nodules compared to the surrounding normal prostatic tissues. In prostate cancer patients with BPH, celecoxib and/or finasteride did not affect the expression of BCL-2 and BCL-XL in luminal or basal cells in BPH nodules and normal adjacent tissues. These results suggest that BCL-2 and BCL-XL may act as anti-proliferative factors in BPH pathogenesis, and the effect of celecoxib and/or finasteride on BPH is unlikely mediated through modulating BCL-2 and BCL-XL signaling.

Six types of Chinese tea were incorporated into diets at four different levels (0, 1, 2 and 4 %) in order to determine their effects on the growth performance, fatty acid composition of muscle lipids and resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila infection of Ictalurus punctatus (channel catfish) fingerlings. Each diet was fed to catfish in triplicate tanks for 8 weeks. Results show that a 1 % Dragon Well tea (DWT) and Maofeng tea were significantly better than other diets (including the control) in improving weight gain (WG) and feed conversion rate (FCR) of fish; while the 4 % DWT increased FCR (P

The present study reviewed the researches on visual spatial location in recent years. According to recent studies, visual spatial attention processing was location-based when searching for targets presented at different location of visual fields. The present study was intended to explore the spatial effects of visual attention in different spatial reference frames. The experimental method was traditional visual search paradigm, the focus of the present research was to study the difference of visual search speed in spatial locations between central reference frame and four peripheral reference frames in four quadrants , and the spatial effects of the overlapped locations of central reference frame and other four quadrants reference frames. The results indicated that: the main effect of difference reference frames was significant, the main effect capital letter of E and H was significant, the interaction of target locations and reference frames was significant, no other significant main effects and interaction were found. Further more, all the main effects were analyzed in details. According to the results, we can drew the following collusions: (1) In the central reference frame, the participants reacted faster when the targets were presented on the upright position than the other three positions (right, left and below); (2) In the four quadrants reference frames, the targets were detected faster when presented at the central locations of the visual field than at the peripheral locations; the targets were detected faster when presented on the coordinate axis of the central reference frame; and the trend was that the participants' reaction time for the targets tended to that in the central reference frames as the targets were closer to the fixation; (3) Spatial effects of upright and below rather than left and right references were found on the detection for targets presented on locations of central reference and other four quadrant references; that is, the targets were detected faster when presented at the upright position of the reference than at the left or right position.