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Additional file 1: Table S1. Univariate Cox proportional hazard analysis between variables and primary endpoint. Table S2. Sensitivity analysis for the association between the TyG index and outcomes. Table S3. Multivariable Cox regression analysis for the association between the TyG index and outcomes.

Virtual reality is already being used for cognitive or emotional rehabilitation. However, its role in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) has not been fully recognized. Due to the lack of an effective postoperative follow-up system, the incidence of POCD in China is not clear, and although many drugs have been proposed to improve POCD in the animal study, their clinical applications are limited, while virtual reality (VR) provides an innovative method to provide non-pharmacological management.

The purpose of the protocol is to present a scoped review methodology aimed at synthesizing the latest evidence on the assessment and care of urinary function in rural elderly.

Ultrasound-guided nerve block anesthesia (UGNB) is a high-tech visual nerve block anesthesia method that can observe the target nerve and its surrounding structures, the puncture needle's advancement, and local anesthetics spread in real-time. The key in UGNB is nerve identification. With the help of deep learning methods, the automatic identification or segmentation of nerves can be realized, assisting doctors in completing nerve block anesthesia accurately and efficiently. Here, we establish a public dataset containing 320 ultrasound images of brachial plexus (BP). Three experienced doctors jointly produce the BP segmentation ground truth and label brachial plexus trunks. We design a brachial plexus segmentation system (BPSegSys) based on deep learning. BPSegSys achieves experienced-doctor-level nerve identification performance in various experiments. We evaluate BPSegSys' performance in terms of intersection-over-union (IoU), a commonly used performance measure for segmentation experiments. Considering three dataset groups in our established public dataset, the IoU of BPSegSys are 0.5238, 0.4715, and 0.5029, respectively, which exceed the IoU 0.5205, 0.4704, and 0.4979 of experienced doctors. In addition, we show that BPSegSys can help doctors identify brachial plexus trunks more accurately, with IoU improvement up to 27%, which has significant clinical application value., 9 pages

This is the registration for a scoping review titled “Health-promoting behaviors of older adults with chronic conditions and factors influencing healthy behaviors: A scoping review of reviews”. There are no prior registrations. This registration includes the protocol for this scoping review.

It is generally believed that international students have more difficulty than host nationals in dealing with a wide range of academic and social situations. The common challenges reported by students studying abroad encompassed the themes of language. Learning a new language is difficult for many people, especially students, who study abroad and are dependent on language to find their way around. If asked to identify the most significant influence on language learning, motivation would probably be high on most teachers��� and learner���s lists. Language teachers constantly use the term ���motivation��� when they describe successful or unsuccessful learners. However, there is no doubt that motivation is the most complex and challenging issue faced by language learners, especially in such a digital age. A significant number of recent studies have been done on investigating the effectiveness of computer-assisted language learning environments, and the literature on psychology in language learning is very considerable. Relatively little work has been conducted about the psychological factor within a mobile-based environment. Furthermore, few studies have explicitly focused on international students��� perceptions upon their use of mobile devices in motivating their foreign language learning. This dissertation is intended as an investigation of Chinese oversea university students��� experience in Germany of using the MALL applications in motivating their foreign language learning, also as identification of the motivational emotions experienced by these students during language learning activities and the sources of these emotions. The research investigated whether and with what tools or activities do these Chinese students perceive can affect their motivation of learning foreign languages including listening, speaking, reading, writing, and vocabulary learning in informal settings. The reasons behind the mobile devices motivating language use and the emotions the learners experienced are also examined during the learning activities. Keywords: language learning motivation, social-psychological linguistic, motivation in MALL, self-efficacy, motivational emotions, oversea university students, Es wird allgemein angenommen, dass internationale Studierende im Umgang mit einer Vielzahl von akademischen und sozialen Situationen gr����ere Schwierigkeiten haben als Gaststaatsangeh��rige. Die gemeinsamen Herausforderungen, von denen die im Ausland studierenden Studenten berichteten, umfassten das Thema Sprache. Das Erlernen einer neuen Sprache ist f��r viele Menschen schwierig, insbesondere f��r Studenten, die im Ausland studieren und auf die Sprache angewiesen sind, um sich zurechtzufinden. Bei der Frage nach dem bedeutendsten Einfluss auf das Sprachenlernen w��rde die Motivation wahrscheinlich ganz oben auf den Listen der meisten Lehrkr��fte und Lernenden stehen. Sprachlehrer verwenden st��ndig den Begriff ���Motivation���, wenn sie erfolgreiche oder nicht erfolgreiche Lernende beschreiben. Es besteht jedoch kein Zweifel, dass Motivation das komplexeste und schwierigste Thema ist, mit dem Sprachlerner konfrontiert sind, insbesondere in einem solchen digitalen Zeitalter. Es wurde eine betr��chtliche Anzahl neuerer Studien zur Untersuchung der Wirksamkeit computergest��tzter Sprachlernumgebungen durchgef��hrt, und die Literatur zur Psychologie beim Sprachenlernen ist sehr umfangreich. ��ber den psychologischen Faktor in einer mobilen Umgebung wurde relativ wenig Arbeit betrieben. Dar��ber hinaus haben sich nur wenige Studien explizit auf die Wahrnehmungen internationaler Studierender hinsichtlich der Nutzung mobiler Ger��te zur Motivation ihres Fremdsprachenlernens konzentriert. Diese Dissertation soll die Erfahrungen chinesischer ausl��ndischer Universit��tsstudenten in Deutschland mit der Verwendung der MALL-Anwendungen zur Motivation ihres Fremdsprachenlernens untersuchen sowie die Motivationsemotionen dieser Studenten w��hrend der Sprachlernaktivit��ten und deren Quellen identifizieren Emotionen. Die Forschung untersuchte, ob und mit welchen Werkzeugen oder Aktivit��ten diese chinesischen Studierende wahrnehmen, dass sie ihre Motivation zum Erlernen von Fremdsprachen beeinflussen k��nnen, einschlie��lich H��ren, Sprechen, Lesen, Schreiben und Vokabellernen in informellen Umgebungen. Die Gr��nde f��r die Motivation des Sprachgebrauchs durch mobile Ger��te und die Emotionen, die die Lernenden erlebt haben, werden auch w��hrend der Lernaktivit��ten untersucht. Schl��sselw��rter: Motivation zum Sprachenlernen, sozialpsychologische Linguistik, Motivation in MALL, Selbstwirksamkeit, Motivationsgef��hle, Auslandsstudierende

Licorice is one of the most important traditional Chinese medicinal materials in China，It is also widely used in modern medicine, food and chemical industries. Licorice is mainly distributed in central and eastern Asia and eastern Europe, China is the world's largest producer and consumer of licorice. Licorice root is slender and cylindrical, 25~100 cm long, 0.6~3.5 cm in diameter. Licorice grows in deep underground, large amount of soil need to be dug up in harvesting process, so licorice is very difficult to harvest. At present, main harvesting methods of licorice are manual harvesting, harvesting with digging plough and harvesting with licorice harvester. Labor intensity of manual harvest is big, efficiency is extremely low, and there is only about a month from licorice ripen to land frozen, farming season would he missed. Harvesting with digging plough injury licorice seriously, and licorice is hard to be collected. Present existing licorice harvester has great traction resistance because of big depth of excavation and licorice is difficult to separate due to the large amount of soil. In this paper, basic physical characters, current planting patterns of licorice and difficulties of licorice mechanized harvesting were analyzed, operating principle, characteristics and shortcomings of various licorice harvesting methods were discussed, and research suggestions and prospects were put forward aiming to better solve mechanized harvesting problem of licorice.

this data is the original data for publishing in the international journal.

Postoperative cerebral embolism after left upper or lower lobectomy caused by the thrombus in the pulmonary vein stump (PVS) is a rare complication. However, it is still unclear how the cerebral embolism develop after lobectomy, and how can we prevent further embolism after thrombus removal. We present a case of a 55-year-old man without cardiovascular disease history suffering cerebral embolism 2 days after left upper lobectomy. Patient underwent endovascular thrombectomy and discharged hospital 10 days later with proper recovery. No thrombus was detected in an enhanced pulmonary CT after 1 month of aspirin intake, but the length of PVS was measured.

Novel magnetic biochars (MBC) were prepared by one-step pyrolysis of FeCl3-laden biomass and employed for Hg0 removal in simulated combustion flue gas. The sample characterization indicated that highly dispersed Fe3O4 particles could be deposited on the MBC surface. Both enhanced surface area and excellent magnetization property were obtained. With the activation of FeCl3, more oxygen-rich functional groups were formed on the MBC, especially the C═O group. The MBC exhibited far greater Hg0 removal performance compared to the nonmagnetic biochar (NMBC) under N2 + 4% O2 atmosphere in a wide reaction temperature window (120–250 °C). The optimal pyrolysis temperature for the preparation of MBC is 600 °C, and the best FeCl3/biomass impregnation mass ratio is 1.5 g/g. At the optimal temperature (120 °C), the Fe1.5MBC600 was superior in both Hg0 adsorption capacity and adsorption rate to a commercial brominated activated carbon (Br-AC) used for mercury removal in power plants. The mechanism of Hg0 removal was pr...

Ring topology of neighborhood in Mutation Strategy 2. Besides four different local search operation includes external cluster swapping, internal cluster swapping, cluster addition and cluster decrease is proposed to realize variation of the number of clusters during evolution, a neighborhood structure based hybrid mutation strategy provides a proper tradeoff between exploration and exploitation. Dynamic local search based immune automatic clustering algorithm (DLSIAC) is proposed to automatically evolve the number of clusters as well as a proper partitioning of data sets.A dynamic local search is designed to find the optimal number of clusters with a fast speed.The dynamic local search includes external cluster swapping, internal cluster swapping, cluster addition and cluster decrease.A new neighborhood structure based hybrid mutation strategy is proposed to further improve the performance of the algorithm.DLSIAC is also applied to several texture images and SAR images segmentation, with a good performance obtained. Based on clonal selection mechanism in immune system, a dynamic local search based immune automatic clustering algorithm (DLSIAC) is proposed to automatically evolve the number of clusters as well as a proper partition of datasets. The real based antibody encoding consists of the activation thresholds and the clustering centers. Then based on the special structures of chromosomes, a particular dynamic local search scheme is proposed to exploit the neighborhood of each antibody as much as possible so to realize automatic variation of the antibody length during evolution. The dynamic local search scheme includes four basic operations, namely, the external cluster swapping, the internal cluster swapping, the cluster addition and the cluster decrease. Moreover, a neighborhood structure based clonal mutation is adopted to further improve the performance of the algorithm. The proposed algorithm has been extensively compared with five state-of-the-art automatic clustering techniques over a suit of datasets. Experimental results indicate that the DLSIAC is superior to other five clustering algorithms on the optimum number of clusters found and the clustering accuracy. In addition, DLSIAC is applied to a real problem, namely image segmentation, with a good performance.

The thesis has studied the InGaN/GaN-based LEDs, from growth to fabrication and from planar structure to micro-wall structure, to alleviate their efficiency droop and improve their performance. For the epi-wafers, extraordinary performance is observed in tandem LEDs, which is attributed to reduced forward voltage and more uniform carrier distribution, while reduced forward voltage and improved electrical thermal stability are observed in LEDs with Mg doping in the barriers, which are due to reduced depletion length and increased acceptor concentration. For the fabricated devices, the reflective contact is studied, in which the decoupled contact is introduced and InGaxNyOz interfacial layer is designed, while both methods help realize ohmic contact and high reflectivity. In addition, GaN micro-walls are prepared by selective area growth method and micro-wall LEDs are realized. This thesis has performed systematic study on LEDs, and improved performance is realized in three aspects, which are growth, fabrication and epi-wafer structures. ​Doctor of Philosophy (SPMS)