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This article aims to investigate the impact exerted by different types of covering an atrium with glazing on the energy performance of a kindergarten building, provided by the authors as a conceptual design. The considered types of atria included an open atrium, a glazed atrium, and an atrium that operated as a hybrid system. Additionally, the following aspects were taken into consideration: the effect of a glazing-integrated PV system (BIPV); the variety of thermal features represented by the inner boundary between the conditioned and the unconditioned space (Uiu); and the atrium space air-exchange ratio (nue) on the energy balance of the building. Energy performance indicators, including energy demands for space heating and cooling (Eu), delivered energy (Ed), and primary energy (Ep) indicators for heating and cooling mode were estimated for the moderate climates and two locations of the building model, i.e., for Warsaw (Central Poland) and Ahlbeck (Northern Germany). The research results prove that the glazed atrium exerts the most beneficial impact on the energy performance of the building. Nevertheless, certain variables must be considered, especially the air-exchange ratio of the atrium space, as they significantly influence the total annual energy performance. The results obtained with regard to the effect exerted by the presence of BIPV systems differ from those usually expected. This is due to the effect of the total solar-energy-transmittance value (g) modulation caused by the system and, finally, by a significant reduction in passive solar-gain harvesting, which is important for heating-mode results in examined climate conditions. Taking the present analysis into account, it can be concluded that the energy and environmental effects of the glazed integrated PV systems in temperate climates are strongly influenced by the environmental conditions, and, in some cases, these solutions may prove to be not efficient enough in terms of the energy and costs.

Projekt dječjeg vrtića u Trogiru polazi od ideje vrta. Zbog odvojenog redovnog programa i programa za djecu s teškoćama u razvoju, djeca sudjeluju u različitim aktivnostima prilagođenim njihovim sposobnostima, no element vrta mjesto je susreta gdje ne postoje razlike, već samo igra i zajedništvo (inkluzija). Spajanjem elemenata iz okolnog konteksta (staklenik, vrt, kultivacija biljaka) sa sadržajem dječjeg vrtića, prostor vrtića postaje odgojno sredstvo, didaktički sustav koji u prvi plan stavlja ekološki odgoj, kontakt s prirodom i sadnju., The kindergarten project in Trogir starts from the idea of a garden. Due to the separate regular program and the program for children with developmental disabilities, children participate in different activities adapted to their abilities, but the garden element is a meeting place where there are no differences, only play and togetherness (inclusion). By combining elements from the surrounding context (greenhouse, garden, plant cultivation) with the content of the kindergarten, the space of the kindergarten becomes an educational tool, a didactic system that prioritizes ecological education, contact with nature and planting.

Projekt dječjeg vrtića u Trogiru polazi od ideje vrta. Zbog odvojenog redovnog programa i programa za djecu s teškoćama u razvoju, djeca sudjeluju u različitim aktivnostima prilagođenim njihovim sposobnostima, no element vrta mjesto je susreta gdje ne postoje razlike, već samo igra i zajedništvo (inkluzija). Spajanjem elemenata iz okolnog konteksta (staklenik, vrt, kultivacija biljaka) sa sadržajem dječjeg vrtića, prostor vrtića postaje odgojno sredstvo, didaktički sustav koji u prvi plan stavlja ekološki odgoj, kontakt s prirodom i sadnju. The kindergarten project in Trogir starts from the idea of a garden. Due to the separate regular program and the program for children with developmental disabilities, children participate in different activities adapted to their abilities, but the garden element is a meeting place where there are no differences, only play and togetherness (inclusion). By combining elements from the surrounding context (greenhouse, garden, plant cultivation) with the content of the kindergarten, the space of the kindergarten becomes an educational tool, a didactic system that prioritizes ecological education, contact with nature and planting.

Atriums play an irreplaceable role within the plan of modern commercial buildings. However, the presence of skylights makes the atrium suffer from unfavorable conditions such as overheating, high energy consumption, and glare, which can be partially reduced by the sun-shading design of skylights. In this paper, we conducted a field test and questionnaire survey on the daylight quality of commercial buildings in cold zones in China to find out the current problems of daylight quality in atriums and to establish a model of commercial atrium. After the dynamic daylight and energy consumption simulation, the sensitivity analysis of daylight and energy performance is performed for the skylight and shading (SAS) design parameters under three shading types. Finally, the Pareto front solution set of optimized commercial atrium daylight, visual comfort, and energy performance for the three shading types has been obtained using a multi-objective search tool. The results show that SRR has the greatest effect on sDA, DGP, and EUI in all shading cases; while SGT has a greater effect on EUI than on daylight quality; FC has a greater effect on EUI than FV on EUI; and LS and LI have a more significant influence on daylight and visual comfort. The optimal SAS values of no shading, fabric shading and louvered shading were screened as SRR is 0.4–0.5, SGT is Double silver Low-E insulating glass; SRR is 0.5–0.6, SGT is Double silver Low-E insulating glass, FV is 0.5–0.7, FC is 0.5–0.6; SRR is 0.6–0.7, SGT is Double silver Low-E insulating glass, LS is 100 mm/125 mm, and LI is 60–70°. It is expected that this study will provide some information and reference for the design of commercial atriums in cold zones in the future.

To assess the variation in left atrial (LA) and biventricular strain and its prognostic value in the course of suspected myocarditis, this retrospective study included 55 patients with clinically suspected myocarditis who underwent cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) examinations at baseline and follow-up periods. Cine images were used for feature tracking analysis. Paired Student’s t test, McNemar’s test, and Cox proportional hazard regression were used for statistical analysis. The LA total emptying fraction was the only functional index that showed a statistically significant improvement. The initial LA peak’s late negative strain rate (SRa) was the only parameter with a significant predictive power of major adverse cardiac events under univariable (hazard ratio [HR] 2.396, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.044–5.498, p = 0.039) and multivariable Cox survival analysis when adjusted by LA strain parameters (HR 5.072, 95% CI 1.478–17.404, p = 0.010), LA strain and functional parameters (HR 7.197, 95% CI 1.679–30.846, p = 0.008), and LA and biventricular strain and functional parameters (HR 10.389, 95% CI 2.250–47.977, p = 0.003). Thus, our findings indicate that CMR strain is useful for monitoring LA and ventricular function in suspected myocarditis, that LA function may recover preceding ventricular function changes, and that LA strain may serve as an incremental tool to predict adverse outcomes.

International audience

Modern studies of Roman oscilla, in their focus on the Latin etymology of the term and their treatment of the iconography as standardized Dionysiac imagery, neglect the animation of—and subsequent viewer engagement with—the objects themselves. Oscilla were double-sided marble reliefs suspended in the intercolumniations of predominantly domestic atria and peristyles. This thesis develops an experiential methodology to study the oscillum’s form, context, and disposition and examines their presence in elite and sub-elite houses and in atria and peristyles. The traditional view has characterized oscilla as commodified ancient agrarian ornaments that depict standardized imagery fit for a garden space; I argue in this thesis that the oscillum’s presence within such inherently social spaces as the Roman atrium and peristyle warrants more scrutiny. No two discovered oscilla are the same, and it is the varied imagery and forms that visually and mentally stimulate the Roman viewer as he waits in the reception spaces of the atrium and peristyle to conduct business with the head of the household.I discuss the oscilla programs of three Campanian houses, where oscilla are displayed in various parts of the Roman house, in houses of diverse social strata, and in different levels of quality. My first case study, the House of the Telephus Relief in Herculaneum, offers an opportunity to begin reconstructing a wealthy ancient viewer’s cognitive experience as four tondi oscilla are reinstalled in situ. These oscilla depict scenes of active movement, urging the viewer’s physical engagement alongside his intellectual recognition of proper decorum in the socially and politically charged space of the atrium. In my second case study, I investigate the oscilla program in the peristyle of the House of Marcus Lucretius in Pompeii, where images of solitary masks and instruments provoke theatrical participation and recollection; the oscilla frame and simultaneously disrupt the framing of the theatrical garden to draw attention to the aristocratic viewer’s participation in social performances. Finally, at the House of Fortune in Pompeii, a freedman involved in trade commissioned numerous albeit poor-quality oscilla that pair scenes of conflict with those of cooperation to convince the viewer of the patron’s social and civic participation in the domestic sphere. Together, these case cases demonstrate the oscillum, a unique double-sided and suspended decorative object, inherently mobile and mutable, offered multifaceted experiences between the object’s two sides and for many different types of Roman viewers.

En el diseño de los centros comerciales del siglo xxi, encontramos un elemento que se repite: el atrio. Es un espacio interior vacío, al que asoman galerías de paso y tiene varias plantas. También está iluminado cenitalmente. Es un foco de atracción dentro del centro comercial. Los usuarios lo recuerdan positivamente, y lo frecuentan mucho más que otras zonas del centro comercial. Y muy recientemente, se observa una nueva tendencia en todo el mundo, que incrementa el interés de estos espacios: se pueden utilizar para exponer temporalmente obras de arte de gran tamaño suspendidas. Así, el centro comercial se regenera y se redime. No en vano, estos espacios son similares a espacios expositivos como el propio atrio del icónico Museo Guggenheim de Nueva York, o la Sala de Turbinas de la Tate Modern de Londres. We find a repeated element in the design of shopping centers of the 21st century – the lobby. It is an empty interior space that has several floors and is dominated by galleries. It is also zenithally illuminated. It is a focus of attention in the mall. Users remember it positively and frequent it much more than other areas of the mall. Quite recently, there is a new trend around the world that is increasing the interest in these spaces: their usage as temporary exhibits of large hanging artworks. Thus, the mall regenerates and redeems itself. It is for a reason that these spaces are similar to such exhibition spaces as the lobby of New York’s iconic Guggenheim Museum, or the Turbine Hall of London’s Tate Modern.

En el diseño de los centros comerciales del siglo XXI, encontramos un elemento que se repite: el atrio. Es un espacio interior vacío, al que asoman galerías de paso y tiene varias plantas. También está iluminado cenitalmente. Es un foco de atracción dentro del centro comercial. Los usuarios lo recuerdan positivamente, y lo frecuentan mucho más que otras zonas del centro comercial. Y muy recientemente, se observa una nueva tendencia en todo el mundo, que incrementa el interés de estos espacios: se pueden utilizar para exponer temporalmente obras de arte de gran tamaño suspendidas. Así, el centro comercial se regenera y se redime. No en vano, estos espacios son similares a espacios expositivos como el propio atrio del icónico Museo Guggenheim de Nueva York, o la Sala de Turbinas de la Tate Modern de Londres. / We find a repeated element in the design of shopping centers of the 21st century – the lobby. It is an empty interior space that has several floors and is dominated by galleries. It is also zenithally illuminated. It is a focus of attention in the mall. Users remember it positively and frequent it much more than other areas of the mall. Quite recently, there is a new trend around the world that is increasing the interest in these spaces: their usage as temporary exhibits of large hanging artworks. Thus, the mall regenerates and redeems itself. It is for a reason that these spaces are similar to such exhibition spaces as the lobby of New York’s iconic Guggenheim Museum, or the Turbine Hall of London’s Tate Modern.

Cilj urbanističkog rješenja bio je prožeti zelenilo kroz poslovne zgrade, odnosno, uključiti parter i svakodnevno kretanje ljudi. Cilj arhitektonskog rješenja bio je napraviti ravnotežu između zelenila i nezelenog, odnosno, prometnog dijela. Takvo rješenje dijeli zgrade na 2 oprečna dijela., The goal of the urban solution was to permeate the greenery through the office buildings, that is, to include the ground floor and the daily movement of people. The goal of the architectural solution was to create a balance between the greenery and the non-green, that is, the traffic area. Such a solution divides the buildings into 2 opposite parts.

STI na Segurança da Medicação O que é segurança do paciente? De acordo com a OMS, a segurança do paciente significa reduzir o risco de danos desnecessários associados aos cuidados de saúde a um nível mínimo aceitável. Esse “mínimo aceitável” diz respeito às noções coletivas de conhecimento atuais, aos recursos disponíveis em cada situação e ao contexto do atendimento, comparado ao risco de o tratamento não ocorrer. N/A

Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of right atrial tumors and to analyze the experience and efficacy of surgical treatment. Methods The clinical data of 64 patients (37 females and 27 males, at a mean age of 47.0±16.4 years) with right atrial tumors admitted to our hospital from January 2009 to January 2021 were retrospectively collected and analyzed. The clinical features, surgery techniques adopted, postoperative complications and metastatic recurrence of patients were summarized in detail. Results Among all the 64 cases, benign tumors accounted for 78.1% and malignant tumors for 21.9%; while among the 53 patients who underwent surgical treatment, 83.0% of the tumors were benign and 17.0% malignant. The top 3 most common clinical symptoms involved fatigue, chest tightness and pain or precordial discomfort, and facial or lower limbs edema. And the most frequent preoperative complications were atrial fibrillation/flutter, followed by pulmonary embolism. Moreover, the overall in-hospital mortality rate was 3.1%, and the postoperative mortality rate 1.9%. Among the patients with benign tumors, 1 had residual tumor thrombus at the distal end of inferior vena cava, 1 occurred arrhythmia requiring surgical intervention, 3 developed moderate to severe tricuspid regurgitation, and 2 had metastatic recurrences. In the patients with malignant tumors who received surgery, 1 died early postoperatively, 6 developed metastatic recurrences between half a month and 2 years plus 7 months, and 2 cases were lost during follow-up. Conclusion Primary benign tumor is the major type of right atrial tumors. Surgical treatment for benign tumors is safe and effective, even in recurrent cases. Selective surgical treatment for malignant tumors can improve hemodynamics and clinical symptoms, though the overall prognosis tends to be poor.

The article is devoted to the analysis of the hearth as the most important sacred center of Roman dwelling interior space. It addresses such issues as the role of the hearth in a Roman family’s sacra privata; peculiarities of the ritual practice of paterfamilias, materfamilias and their children. Attention is paid to the pantheon of gods related to the hearth and rituals aimed at their veneration. The relevance of this study lies in addressing the religious component of Roman living space, which, unfortunately, is not a priority for the specialists in Roman history who focus more on social aspects analysis of the space of a Roman house. Historicism and scientific objectivity principles served as a methodological basis for the research, the comparative-historical method was also used. A study of Romans’ home religion made it possible to establish that all significant events in the family were accompanied by rituals at the hearth; they also turned to it for help in the event of a threat; the hearth could warn a family of danger ‒ it could “bleed” or be “overturned”. It is important to note that the sacredness of the hearth is also confirmed by the fact that they should have bring it from home and not light a fire on the spot. The paterfamilias’ daughters and not his wife, were involved in daily rituals at the hearth, probably due to their “purity” which they kept until marriage. Research result is the partial reconstruction of family’s sacred sphere, especially ritual practice. Conducting this reconstruction is very problematic and conditionally due to the lack of sources, but it is important to note that even a partial reconstruction allows us to define the main functions of participants in ritual practice and claim that family’s sacred sphere was primarily associated with the hearth, which was the basis of the ancient Romans’ sacra privata. Keywords: atrium, focus, ritual, paterfamilias, materfamilias, Lares, Penates, Vesta

With the development of urbanization, more and more commercial buildings are built in cities, which is resulting in a large amount of building energy consumption that threatens the ecological environment of the earth. Lighting energy in commercial buildings occupies a large proportion of consumption, and improving the quality of natural daylight in commercial atriums is of great significance for building energy efficiency as well as improving indoor comfort. This paper proposes a method for optimizing the daylight quality of commercial atriums. Starting from the perspective of parametric design, this paper investigates the current status and theoretical research on the natural daylight of commercial atriums in cold regions, taking Jinan, China, as an example. Dynamic daylight and glare simulations were performed using Rhino + Grasshopper and Ladybug + Honeybee for every design parameter in the system, followed by correlation analysis and multiple linear regression analysis using SPSS to determine the degree of influence of each design parameter on the daylight quality of the atrium. Based on the results of the above analysis, the multi-objective optimization plug-in Octopus is used to find the combination of design parameters that can achieve the best indoor daylight. The results show that among a total of fourteen atrium design parameters, seven of them are significantly correlated with atrium daylight, and after regression analysis, it is found that the atrium design parameters affect the atrium daylight and glare in the following order: Skylight VT, Skylight ratio, Atrium inclination, Fabric coverage, Fabric VT, Wall reflectivity, Roof reflectivity. The optimal design parameters for commercial atrium daylight quality are obtained according to the Pareto front solution set, which provides some reference and ideas for improving the optimization of commercial atrium daylight in cold regions of China.

A 10‐year‐old female spayed mixed breed dog was evaluated for diarrhea and vomiting. Diagnostic imaging demonstrated the presence of an intracardiac mass. A modified Seldinger technique was used to access the right jugular vein, and an endomyocardial biopsy forceps was introduced through a sheath to obtain several biopsies. Histopathology and immunohistochemistry demonstrated a paraganglioma. The dog underwent 1 fraction of radiotherapy and l‐asparaginase chemotherapy and was discharged. The dog developed a pulmonary thromboembolism 2 days after radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and the owner elected humane euthanasia. Although long‐term assessment of treatment response was unable to be performed, this novel diagnostic option could be considered for similar cases due to success in obtaining a histopathologic diagnosis, which is essential in developing a disease‐specific treatment plan. This report also describes the use of radiotherapy for primary treatment of an intracardiac neoplasm, which can be a consideration in the future.

To evaluate the reproducibility of mid-trimester intracranial anatomy assessment. Women undergoing mid-trimester scan (between 18th to 25th gestational weeks) for fetal anatomy assessment were included in the study. Measurements of lateral ventricle (LV), cisterna magna (CM) and transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD) were obtained for reproducibility analyses. Inter-observer reproducibility analysis was made with correlation coefficients. A total of 162 women were included in the analysis while one woman was excluded from the study due to diagnosis of vermian agenesis. Correlation coefficient (CC) of cisterna magna measurements have shown weak to moderate interclass correlation (r=0.28, P=0.001). Measurements of lateral ventricle have shown moderate to strong interclass correlation (r=0.73, P, NA

Atria within buildings present an environment which allows smoke to spread around a building in a fire situation. This could create dangerous conditions for the evacuation of people. Smoke control ventilation systems in atria work in the case of a fire, keeping evacuation routes available for people. They play a significant role in sustainable, holistic building fire strategies, and are most often designed following prescriptive requirements. However, contemporary, complex atria with additional architectural elements—such as transversal balconies—may not meet the standard approach, and require individual, performance-based research. This article proves a thesis that the atrium’s architecture can impact the effectiveness of smoke control systems, and suggests how to verify them based on CFD simulations. In the presented example, the authors suggest an improvement of people’s safety in a fire scenario by extending the preliminary smoke control system parameters, or by providing smoke curtains at additional levels of the atrium.

Objectives: – To evaluate the effect of a single dose of pimobendan on left atrial (LA) function in healthy cats. Animals: – Eleven client owned healthy cats. Material and methods: – Standardized and repeated echocardiographic examinations were performed on healthy and conscious cats before and after a single dose of orally administered pimobendan (1.25 mg/cat). Left atrial systolic functional parameters were assessed. Results: – Some of the tested parameters of LA function showed significant improvement after pimobendan administration, whereas no significant effect on left ventricular function was observed. In particular, LA minimal diameters obtained from M-mode images in short (p=0.018) and long (p=0.009) axis reduced after pimobendan administration, whereas LA fractional shortening from short (p=0.027) and long (p=0.042) axis and LA appendage emptying velocity (p

Resumen: La onda P en el electrocardiograma (ECG) representa exclusivamente la despolarización de las aurículas, puesto que, la repolarización auricular queda oculta en el QRS. Sin embargo, cuando la repolarizacón auricular se hace evidente en el ECG se convierte en un elemento clave para el diagnóstico de algunas enfermedades. Diferente a lo que sucede en la repolarización ventricular, la repolarización auricular sigue el mismo sentido de la despolarización, pues sigue un sentido cráneo-caudal y se da desde el epicardio hacia el endocardio. Abstract: The electrocardiogram (ECG) wave represents exclusively the depolarization of the atria, so auricular repolarization is hidden in the QRS. However, when auricular repolarization is evident in the ECG, it becomes a key element in the diagnosis of some diseases. Different from what happens in ventricular repolarization, auricular repolarization follows the same sense of depolarization, since it follows a cranial-caudal direction and is from the epicardium to the endocardium. Palabras clave: Aurícula, Electrocardiograma, Keywords: Atrium, Electrocardiogram

International audience; La notice présente les résultats de la campagne de fouilles de 2021 dans la maison VI 11, 11-12/7 de Pompéi. Pour identifier les premières phases de construction et d’occupation de la maison, dans le secteur le plus ancien, celui correspondant au quartier de l’atrium de l’unité 12, et comprendre comment les aménagements précoces associés à l’atrium testudinatum ont été mis en place, trois sondages ont été effectués (pièces 2, 3, 6). Les données produites par ces trois sondages et celles extraites de l’étude des superstructures de la pièce (16), effectuée en 2019, nous permettent d’avancer des premières hypothèses sur les phases d’occupation de l’espace correspondant à la maison VI 11, 12 : I – Avant l’édification de la domus VI 11, 12, la stratigraphie des âges du Bronze et du Fer II – La construction de la maison à atrium testudinatum III – La période du Ier style IV – Les réaménagements d’époque impériale V – Avant l’éruption VI – Les activités de la période contemporaine

Die vorliegende Diplomarbeit befasst sich mit dem Thema ein nachhaltiges, ökologisches und ökonomisches Hotel in Antalya zu entwerfen. Das Klima in Antalya tritt im Allgemeinen in das mediterrane Klima ein. Die Sommer sind heiß und trocken, die Winter regnerisch und stürmisch. Da Antalya eine Touristenstadt ist, gibt es hier Unmengen an Hotels, die vorwiegend für Großfamilien mit Kindern sind. Dieser Entwurf ist anders als die „herkömmlichen“ Hotelprojekte, die es in Antalya schon gibt. Das Ziel des Entwurfes ist ein Treibhaus- und/oder Gewächshaushotel mit all seinen nachhaltigen Nutzen entlang der Küste zu schaffen. Neben der nachhaltigen Gebäudestruktur des Öko-Hotels werden viele energiesparenden Maßnahmen eingesetzt. Im Fokus stehen hierbei die Verwendung von natürlichen Baumaterialien in monolithischer Bauweise, unterirdische monolithische Betonzisterne für Trink- oder Nutzwasser zur Bewässerung des Innengartens und ebenso eine Meerwassersolaranlage, die als zusätzliches Trinkwasser fungieren soll. Durch Gebäudeintegrierte Photovoltaik-Module (GiPV) an der Fassade und auf dem Dach des Atriums wird die Sonnenenergie genutzt und in Strom zur Erwärmung des Duschwassers umgewandelt. Ein Gebäude, dass nicht nur nimmt, sondern auch gibt! Gegen die Monotonie im Alltag soll das Öko-Hotel eine abwechslungsreiche und beruhigende Entspannung fördern. Als therapeutische Zwecke wird die Thalasso- und Kneipp-Therapie angewendet. Thalasso ist einfach eine Heilbehandlung am und mit dem Meer, aber mit allem, was dazugehört: Wasser, Algen, Schlick, Wind, Salz und frischer, daher schadstoff- und pollenfreier Meeresluft. Einzigartige, heilende Kräfte für Körper und Seele!, This diploma thesis describes the idea of designing a sustainable, ecological and economical hotel in Antalya. The climate in Antalya generally enters the Mediterranean climate. Summers are hot and dry, winters are rainy and stormy. Antalya is a tourist city, there are tons of hotels here, which are mainly for large families with children. This design is different from the „conventional“ hotel projects that already exist in Antalya. The aim of the design is to create a greenhouse and/or glasshouse hotel with all its sustainable benefits along the coast. In addition to the sustainable building structure of the eco hotel, many energy-saving measures are used. The focus here is on the use of natural building materials in monolithic construction, underground monolithic concrete cisterns for drinking water or water for other purposes to irrigate the inner garden and also a seawater solar system, which is intended to serve as additional drinking water. Building-integrated photovoltaic modules (BiPV) on the facade and on the roof of the atrium use solar energy and convert it into electricity to heat the shower water. A building that not only takes, but also gives! Against the monotony of everyday life, the eco-hotel is intended to promote varied and soothing relaxation. Thalasso and Kneipp therapy are used for therapeutic purposes. Thalasso is simply a healing treatment by and with the sea, but with everything that goes with it: water, algae, mud, wind, salt and fresh sea air, which is therefore free of pollutants and pollen. Unique, healing powers for body and soul!

International audience; Pour nourrir la réflexion de ce volume sur l'"éCohabiter", nous interrogeons des formes de cohabitation centrées sur les enjeux écologiques au sein de l'habitat collectif expérimental construit récemment en France.

Transforming historical listed buildings into workplaces is a serious challenge, particularly for buildings with relatively small windows in the façades, which determine scarce daylighting indoors. This paper studied how daylighting can be significantly increased in a case-study historical building through rooflighting systems, as the façade cannot be modified. The case-study was a historic and iconic warehouse built-in 1681 in Trondheim, Norway. The optimized configuration was analyzed in terms of daylight amount and view analysis, according to EN 17037 and to LEED v4.1 protocol. A critical evaluation of the actual applicability of the optimized Scenario in the real building was carried out along with the constructors. A 3D model was built in Rhinoceros, and daylighting simulations of the base-case (the building in the existing configuration) and for 6 alternative Scenarios were run through Climate Studio. The following metrics were calculated: Daylight Factor (DF), Spatial Daylight Autonomy (sDA), Annual Sunlight Exposure (ASE), and views. An optimized configuration was eventually identified through the Galapagos component in Grasshopper, with an average DF value of 2.7% (against 0.9% in the base-case configuration), higher than the target DFm of 2.4% for Norway), and a sDA value of 50.2% (14.2% in base-case configuration).

Background:Cardiac tumors are very rare and most frequently benign. Myxomas are the most common primary cardiac tumors accounting for about 50% of cases. The clinical presentation of atrial myxomas depends on size, anatomical location and their effects on the surrounding structures rather than the histological type. Restrictive cardiomyopathy can present with features of heart failure with typical massive ascites out of proportion to peripheral oedema known as egg on stick appearance. We present a case of a probable right atrial myxoma in a 20year old lady mimicking restrictive cardiomyopathy. Case report: Mrs. HD, a 20-year old Fulani lady was referred to us with 3 years history of progressive abdominal swelling, dyspnea on exertion and easy fatiguability. No orthopnea, paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea, chest pain, palpitation or syncope. Relevant examination findings include a chronically ill looking young lady, with egg on stick appearance and mild pitting pedal edema. She had tachycardia, blood pressure 90/70mmHg and elevated Jugular venous pressure. The liver was palpable about 4cm below the right costal margin and there was massive ascites demonstrable by fluid thrill. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed huge, well-defined right atrial mass measuring 64 x 35 x 56.8 mm attached to the superior wall of the atrium on apical four chamber view. Conclusion: Atrial mass should be considered in the differential diagnosis of a patient presenting with features of restrictive cardiomyopathy. Echocardiography and histology are required for definitive diagnosis

International audience; In questo contributo, si presenta un'analisi dettagliata di un settore della casa ad atrio testudinato di Pompei, I 16, 5.

Through the detailed design of the passive design of the geometric parameters of the atrium, it is beneficial to achieve the design goal of a nearly zero-energy building. In the architectural design stage, the geometric design parameters of the atrium are verified and evaluated with different objectives such as energy consumption, carbon emissions, and costs, and then the most appropriate solution according to different design requirements is selected, which can reduce energy consumption and save costs. This paper proposes a method to optimize the energy consumption of a building’s atrium. Taking Jinan City as an example, this paper conducted 1260 energy consumption simulations for buildings with different geometric parameters of the atrium, based on the investigation of the geometric scale and energy consumption of the multi-story office buildings with near-zero energy consumption in cold areas with atriums. The degree of influence of each parameter on building energy consumption was determined. Finally, the parameter selection combination with the best effect is proposed. The results show that the selected four parameters are significantly related to energy consumption, and a new atrium design parameter was found through the combined analysis of the parameters: the body shape coefficient of the atrium. It was found that the importance of atrium design parameters on building energy consumption is as follows: the body shape coefficient of the atrium, the height-span ratio of the atrium (DSR), the atrium building volume ratio (VR), the skylight area ratio (SR), the atrium width-to-depth ratio (FDR). Seven groups of optimal design parameters were obtained by analyzing the design decisions with energy consumption as the target. Taking carbon emission and cost as the targets, three groups of optimal design parameters were obtained according to the Pareto frontier solution set, such as DSR = 2, VR = 0.13, SR = 0.1, and FDR = 2.5. It provides some references and ideas for the optimization of the energy consumption of the atrium of multi-story nearly zero-energy office buildings in the cold regions of China.

La fibrillation auriculaire (FA) est l’arythmie cardiaque soutenue la plus fréquente et elle peut mener à des conséquences médicales sévères, comme les accidents vasculaires cérébraux (AVC). Des remodelages électrophysiologiques, c’est-à-dire dans les courants ioniques, ainsi que des remodelages structurels, comme l’hypertrophie et la fibrose, ont été associés avec la fibrillation auriculaire. Ces remodelages peuvent affecter la conduction auriculaire, augmentant les risques de fibrillation auriculaire. Plusieurs facteurs de risque ont été associés avec la fibrillation auriculaire, parmi ceux-ci, on compte les niveaux élevés d’angiotensine II. L’angiotensine II est l’effecteur principal du système rénine-angiotensine (SRA) et ses effets néfastes sont médiés par le récepteur de type I à l’angiotensine II (AT1R). La suractivation du SRA, par l’action d’AT1R peut entraîner, entre autres, l’hypertension, l’insuffisance cardiaque, ainsi que des arythmies, comme la fibrillation auriculaire. Cependant, les mécanismes par lesquelles l’angiotensine II affectent directement le cœur et prédispose à la fibrillation auriculaire sont encore peu connus. L’objectif de ce projet de recherche consiste à étudier les remodelages électriques et structurels chez des souris transgéniques surexprimant le récepteur AT1 de manière cardiomyocyte-spécifique. Ces souris, nommées souris AT1R, permettent de voir l’effet de la suractivation du SRA uniquement au niveau cardiaque, sans modification hémodynamique. Les souris AT1R ont été utilisés à deux âges afin de distinguer les effets directs d’AT1R sur l’électrophysiologie auriculaire (50 jours), de ceux induit par la présence de remodelage structurel (6 mois). Ceci a été validé par la quantification de la fibrose auriculaire par marquage histologique de type rouge Sirius. L’utilisation des deux groupes est importante puisque la fibrose est connue pour affecter l’électrophysiologie cardiaque et altérer la conduction auriculaire. L’hypothèse de ce projet de recherche est que la surexpression d’AT1R induit un remodelage électrique auriculaire qui altère la conduction et mène au développement de fibrillation auriculaire. La présence de remodelage structurel amplifierait ces effets néfastes, favorisant davantage la survenue de fibrillation auriculaire. Les données obtenues montrent une diminution du courant sodique d’environ 60% comparativement aux souris contrôles (CTL) dès l’âge de 50 jours. Cette diminution est associée avec une augmentation de l’expression protéique sarcolemmale de la PKCα, une protéine kinase capable de phosphoryler le canal Nav1.5 menant à la réduction du courant sodique. L’expression génique du canal Nav1.5 (encodé par le gène Scn5a) n’était pas modifiée à 50 jours, suggérant une absence de régulation transcriptionnel pour ce canal. De plus, une diminution de l’expression génique des connexines 40 et 43 a été observée chez les souris AT1R dès 50 jours. Une prolongation de la durée de l’onde P, qui correspond au temps nécessaire à la dépolarisation des oreillettes, est observée à 50 jours sur les électrocardiogrammes des souris AT1R par rapport aux CTL. À 6 mois, la présence de remodelage structurel n’aggrave pas les remodelages au niveau du courant sodique et des connexines, mais prolonge encore davantage la durée de l’onde P. La susceptibilité à la fibrillation auriculaire est légèrement augmentée à 50 jours et nettement plus à 6 mois. En conclusion, la surexpression d’AT1R induit directement des remodelages électriques qui affectent la conduction dans l’oreillette, et ce indépendamment de la présence de remodelage structurel. Le remodelage structurel affecte la conduction auriculaire, mais n’amplifie pas les altérations du courant sodique et des connexines observées dans ce projet. Ainsi, ce projet apporte des connaissances sur les mécanismes par lesquels l’angiotensine II peut altérer la conduction auriculaire et mener à la fibrillation auriculaire, indépendamment des effets hémodynamiques., Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia and is associated with an increased risk of strokes and other morbidities. Atrial fibrillation has been associated with ionic currents remodeling, as well as structural remodeling, such as fibrosis and hypertrophy. These atrial remodeling can slow down atrial conduction velocity increasing the risk of atrial fibrillation. Several risk factors have been associated with atrial fibrillation and elevated levels of angiotensin II are one of them. Angiotensin II is the primary effector of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS). Angiotensin II type 1 receptors (AT1R) are responsible for the several pathologies induced by RAS overactivity, such as hypertension, heart failure and atrial fibrillation. However, the direct effects of angiotensin II on the heart and its role in atrial fibrillation pathophysiology remain largely unexplored. The objective of this research project is to study electrical and structural remodeling in transgenic mice overexpressing AT1R specifically in cardiomyocytes. These mice, identified as AT1R mice, do not have hemodynamic changes and are therefore suitable for studying the direct effect of RAS overactivation on the heart. Two age groups were used to distinguish the direct effects of AT1R on atrial electrophysiology (50-day-old mice) from those induced by structural remodeling (6-month-old mice). The presence of atrial fibrosis solely in 6 months old AT1R mice was confirmed using Picrosirius Red histological method. Characterizing electrical remodeling with and without structural remodeling is important since fibrosis is known to modulate cardiac electrophysiology and impair atrial conduction. The hypothesis of this project is that AT1R overexpression induces atrial electrical remodeling which alters conduction, leading to atrial fibrillation. Structural remodeling is expected to worsen conduction defects, further increasing the risk of atrial fibrillation. In this project, we measured an approximately 60% decrease in sodium current in 50 days old AT1R mice compared to controls (CTL). This change in sodium current was associated with an increase of PKCα protein expression in the sarcolemmal fraction. PKCα is a protein kinase able to phosphorylate Nav1.5 channels, resulting in a decrease in its function. Scn5a gene expression, encoding for Nav1.5 channels, was not changed at 50 days, suggesting an absence of transcriptional regulation of the sodium current. Moreover, a decrease in connexins 40 and 43 gene expression was observed in AT1R mice from the age of 50 days. Accordingly, a prolongation in P wave duration, which corresponds to atrial depolarization, is observed at 50 days in AT1R mice compared to CTL. At 6 months, structural remodeling did not worsen the reduction in sodium current or connexins induced by AT1R overexpression but was associated with a further prolongation of P wave duration. Susceptibility to AF was slightly increased in 50 days old AT1R mice and even more at 6 months. In conclusion, AT1R overexpression directly induces electrical remodeling, which slows down atrial conduction, independently of structural remodeling. Structural remodeling further alters atrial conduction without changes in sodium current or connexins expression. This project provides knowledge on mechanisms by which angiotensin II alters atrial conduction and leads to atrial fibrillation, even in absence of angiotensin II-induced hemodynamic changes.

Surgical removal of tumors of the atrium is challenging due to their deep location, vascularization, and to their complex three-dimensional relationships with the highly functional white matter fibers of the region. To assess the feasibility and the effectiveness of the ipsilateral interhemispheric transprecuneus approach (IITA) for tumors involving the atrium and the posterior third of the temporal horn, a retrospective chart review of all patients who had undergone a surgical treatment for intraventricular tumors between January 2008 and January 2017 was performed, and the step-by-step approach is described. Ten patients affected by lesions of the atrium of the lateral ventricle underwent surgical treatment, seven of which were approached through the IITA. The mean age was 42.8 years (range 6–63 years). The symptoms presented included severe, drug-resistant headache (90%), lateral homonymous hemianopsia (50%), seizures (30%), and speech disturbances (30%). Histological examinations revealed seven patients with meningioma (70%), one with a metastasis (10%), one with a choroid plexus papilloma (10%) and one with a cavernoma (10%). In all cases, a gross total removal was obtained. All patients had a significant improvement in their headache. Two patients experienced a worsening of the pre-operative visual disturbances, while two patients had a significant improvement. No patients without pre-operative visual disturbances described a post-operative worsening of visual symptoms. The IITA represents a feasible approach for tumors of the atrium. The three-quarter prone position facilitates the enlargement of the interhemispheric fissure by increasing the working angle and facilitating the exposure of the lateral wall of the atrium.

In previous studies using isolated, paced guinea pig left atria, we observed that FSCPX, known as a selective A1 adenosine receptor antagonist, paradoxically increased the direct negative inotropic response to A1 adenosine receptor agonists (determined using concentration/effect (E/c) curves) if NBTI, a nucleoside transport inhibitor, was present. Based on mathematical modeling, we hypothesized that FSCPX blunted the cardiac interstitial adenosine accumulation in response to nucleoside transport blockade, probably by inhibiting CD39 and/or CD73, which are the two main enzymes of the interstitial adenosine production in the heart. The goal of the present study was to test this hypothesis. In vitro CD39 and CD73 inhibitor assays were carried out; furthermore, E/c curves were constructed in isolated, paced rat and guinea pig left atria using adenosine, CHA and CPA (two A1 adenosine receptor agonists), FSCPX, NBTI and NBMPR (two nucleoside transport inhibitors), and PSB-12379 (a CD73 inhibitor), measuring the contractile force. We found that FSCPX did not show any inhibitory effect during the in vitro enzyme assays. However, we successfully reproduced the paradox effect of FSCPX in the rat model, mimicked the “paradox” effect of FSCPX with PSB-12379, and demonstrated the lipophilia of FSCPX, which could explain the negative outcome of inhibitor assays with CD39 and CD73 dissolved in a water-based solution. Taken together, these three pieces of indirect evidence are strong enough to indicate that FSCPX possesses an additional action besides the A1 adenosine receptor antagonism, which action may be the inhibition of an ectonucleotidase. Incidentally, we found that POM-1 inhibited CD73, in addition to CD39.

Background An RFA lesion quality indicator, Surpoint Tag Index® (TI) incorporates key factors: power, time, and contact force, impacting lesion quality. TI accurately estimates lesion depth in animal studies. However, the relationship between TI and in‐vivo atrial wall thickness in patients exhibiting bidirectional block remains unknown. Objective To describe the relationship between atrial wall thickness and TI in CTI exhibiting bidirectional block. Methods Data from 492 RFA lesions from 25 patients undergoing PVI and CTI ablations in SR with point‐by‐point RF lesions (30 min. Results In lesions exhibiting bidirectional block, the thinnest (1–2 mm; 5% lesions) and thickest (8–10 mm; 6% lesions) portions of the CTI correlated with the lowest (429 ± 75) and highest (516 ± 64) TI. The bulk of thickness (2–6 mm; 80%) correlated with a TI of 455 ± 72 (p = 0.001). There was a weak but positive correlation between TI and CTI thickness (r = 0.2; p ≤ 0.01). Examined in sectors, the anterior 1/3rd CTI was the thickest (4.8 ± 1.9 mm) but correlated with a similar TI value (479 ± 75 vs. 471 ± 70; p = 0.34) as the thinner middle 1/3rd (3.8 ± 1.7 mm; p ≤ 0.0001). Conclusion A mean TI value of 455 correlates with bidirectional block across the bulk of CTI with lower and higher values needed for the thinner and thicker portions, respectively. Tissue composition, aside from wall thickness, influences TI values for the creation of the bidirectional block.

This project seeks to propose an ideal model for housing in a future where it is no longer feasible at a lower density. It identifies several characteristics of good housing, primarily: individual response to site, desirability, and sustainability, then applies them in the design of an apartment building on a specific site. The project also touches on questions of what makes a living space desirable, namely the preservation of the tenant's individuality and the fostering of community, each of which is examined and applied through the architecture. The project stresses that individuality is supported through a tenant's choice of living space and, therefore, that buildings following this model should not be identical copies, but rather unique responses to their own sites following the guiding principles of this project. It addition, as a secondary objective, the project explores the intricacies of mass timber construction and building code. Master of Architecture As the population rises and it becomes clearer that we can no longer afford to gobble up land for low density housing, our idea of what housing should be must also grow. It's inescapable that the future of housing involves refocusing on medium density apartments so that we can house more people on less land, but making that happen would involve a paradigm shift in what we consider the ideal housing condition. Convincing people to stay in apartment buildings instead of moving into a single-family house requires buildings that respond to their individual site, provide desirable apartments, respect the environment, and preserve the sense of community that is often found in low density developments. This project seeks to propose a model for the future of housing.

Tumor thrombus in left atrium (LA) is very rare but a serious complication in patients with malignancy. It has a significant impact on clinical decision making, staging and prognosis in oncological patients. Tumor thrombus is seen in a wide variety of malignancies. While rare, lung cancer tumor thrombus may occur. Rarely, it can even extend into LA. Usually, it is managed by surgical resection with chemotherapy. We describe a rare case of tumor thrombus in a patient with squamous cell carcinoma of lung that was managed with chemo- and radiation therapy. Cardiol Res. 2019;10(6):382-387 doi: https://doi.org/10.14740/cr943

Background Congenital coronary artery fistula in association with aneurysm of the involved coronary artery in adults is rare. Moreover, the right coronary artery- left atrial fistula is also uncommon. Most of the cases are asymptomatic. However, symptomatic patients need therapeutic interventions. The potential complications associated with this anomaly are life-threatening, therefore, there is a need to explore more on differential diagnosis, investigations, management strategies and prevention of complications. Case presentation We present herewith a 26-year-old male patient with symptoms of chest pain and dyspnea. He was diagnosed with aneurysmal dilatation of the right coronary artery in its entire course which terminated as a fistulous communication into the left atrium. The closure of the fistula was done using autologous pericardial patch under cardiopulmonary bypass. Currently, the patient is being followed up after surgery and receiving anticoagulants. Conclusion The advancement in the diagnostic imaging modalities have made it possible to find similar abnormalities more frequently. Due to rare nature of this anomaly, there is a need to explore and discuss management strategies that include medical management, surgical intervention or percutaneous interventions for a successful outcome.

Palladio?s heritage has aspects that are interrelated with the vernacular architectural heritage of the Mediterranean, and it entails a collective knowledge. The aim of this research is to analyse his work and its evolution over time, paying specific attention to three architectural design elements: the patio, the portico and the atrium in relation to their proportions and ratios. This work will highlight how geometry shapes the space and the form of these three elements, producing architecture for well-being. The main results may constitute a possible new frontier of research where these three design elements make a connection between interior and exterior spaces, strengthen a greater visibility of the geometry, create ?intermediate spaces? and enhance the idea of a ?Continuous Monument?. The paper will underline how mathematical factors such as proportions, ratios and constructive geometry, together with climatic reasons, are important in architecture for both its configuration and geometry and they are a constant in Palladio?s heritage and his Mediterranean cultural influence.

Management of symptomatic atrial tachycardia (AT) during pregnancy seems challenging, especially those originating from left atrial appendage (LAA), which easily tend to be incessant and mediate cardiomyopathy. It’s contradictory between therapy and pregnancy. In this study, we report a case of a woman who presented with persistent AT, which lead to heart failure, during early pregnancy. She underwent successful catheter ablation using CartoSound and electroanatomic mapping without fluoroscopy. An electrophysiology (EP) study confirmed a focal LAA tachycardia. Soon after, left ventricular function of her heart normalized, and the patient successfully delivered a healthy child.

The design of smoke management systems in large-volume enclosures is of utter importance for life safety, property protection, and business continuity in case of fire. Despite the recent international trend in smoke control design towards the use of advanced fire models, simple plume entrainment correlations are the basis of the discipline and are still a common practice since they are often incorporated in technical documents for the design of smoke control systems. Different plume entrainment correlations have been developed over the years and are cited in different national codes and design guides. These correlations have been widely investigated for fires in small enclosures, but their applicability and accuracy in large enclosures is not clear. The present work studies the suitability and applicability of these approaches to properly predict the fire induced conditions within large volumes. The results obtained from the plume entrainment correlations have been compared with full scale experimental data in an 8.000 m3 enclosure. Based on the results obtained by this analysis performed in a large-volume enclosure, the current methods available of modelling fire and determining the smoke produced by the fire might not be suitable. It was observed that for the steady state, the McCaffrey correlation gave results closest to the experiments, and for the transient evolution of the smoke layer, the Zukoski correlation. On the contrary, the popular Thomas method underpredicted smoke production and entrainment, giving the highest smoke layer interface heights and leading to estimations that are not conservative (with errors between 36.5% and 101%). The authors analyze the reasons for the discrepancies and give some practical recommendations for the design of smoke control in large volume buildings, such as that the use of such models to predict the smoke production of a given fire shall be only a first approximation and not a design tool, especially when using those models that have not shown a good match to the experimental data.

In this report, T-cell lymphoma in the atrium of a 1.5-year-old Holstein bull is described. Macro-scopically, a large white to a yellow tumour mass with a size of 4.5×3.5×2 cm was observed in the left atrium. Histopathological examination revealed extensive infiltration of medium- to large-sized lymphocytic cells with round to oval nuclei and stippled chromatin, surrounded by a narrow rim of pale eosinophilic cytoplasm. Immunohistochemically, the tumour cells indicated positivity with CD3 and Ki-67, but negativity with CD79α, CD20 and S100. On the basis of the histologic and immuno-histochemical findings, this tumour was diagnosed as a T-cell lymphoma.

The considerationof local climate is essential for the application of atrium in building. Different strategies and approaches in atrium configuration are required for different climates in ensuring its effectiveness. Nevertheless, the final aim is still similar which is to provideacomfortable environment for the users. Hence, this study was executed to examine the effects of top and side configurations on the indoor thermal environment of semi-enclosed atrium in the tropical climate. The methodologies involvedfield measurement and questionnaire survey. The field measurements were executed at two different configurations of semi-enclosed atriums in the tropical climate of Malaysia. Meanwhile,the questionnaire surveys were executed simultaneouslywith the field measurements inobtainingthe users’ thermal sensation and satisfaction. The findings indicated that the top configuration hadmore influence to the indoor thermal environment compared to the side configuration as it determinedthe amount of solar heat penetration into the atrium area. Meanwhile, the side configuration influencedthe air velocity inside the atrium. The Faculty of Engineering and Built Environment’s atrium that has opaque top finishes was found to have the average indoor operative temperature of lessthan 30 °C throughout the day, though the average outdoor air temperature was more than 30 °C. It also had more hours with neutral thermal sensation felt by the users compared to the Faculty of Economics and Management’s atrium that has transparent materials for the top finishes. The study isuseful in guiding the selection of appropriate strategy for an atrium in tropical climate.

International audience

Koncept eko IT parka nastaje kao reakcija na urbanistički neplanirano postojeće stanje s područja Drinske i Gacke ulice. Zbog manjka sadržaja, koji bi okupljao potencijalne korisnike ovoga prostora, važna komponenta prilikom promišljanja koncepta bila je formacija javnih prostora i sadržaja. Ideja je bila stvoriti eko zajednicu koja bi bila mjesto susreta suvremenog čovjeka, njegovog prostora za rad i boravka u prirodi. Parter IT parka u potpunosti je prepušten korištenju zajednice pa se tako fluidnim pješačkim koridorima formiraju tematski javni zeleni „otoci“ s različitim sadržajima za sve dobne skupine. Zgrade su povezane mostovima kako bi se stvorio dojam cjelovitosti i omogućio dodatni „parter“ predviđen za korištenje isključivo korisnika IT centra. Poslovna zgrada zamišljena je kao integracija glavnih urbanističkih ideja i smjernica. Kroz zgradu se provlači tema zelenih oaza, a fluidno pješačko kretanje po parteru preslikava se na amorfan oblik atrija zamišljenog s ciljem postizanja fluidnosti otvorenog prostora prema prostorima za rad., The concept of the eco IT park is created as a reaction to the unplanned existing urban situation in the area of Drinska and Gacka streets. Due to the lack of content, which would bring together potential users of the space, an important component during concept creation was the formation of public spaces and public content. The idea was to create an eco-community that would be a meeting spot for modern man, his workspace and stay in nature. The parterre of the IT park is intended for community use. Fluid pedestrian corridors are forming all-age themed public green "islands" with diverse content. The buildings are connected by the bridges to create the impression of integrity and provide an additional "ground floor" intended for use exclusively by users of the IT center. The office building is conceived as an integration of major urban ideas and guidelines. The theme of green oases runs through the building, and the fluid pedestrian movement on the ground floor is reflected in the amorphous shape of the atrium conceived with the achievement of the fluidity of the open space towards the work space.

The vertebrate heart is comprised of two types of chambers—ventricles and atria—that have unique morphological and physiological properties. Effective cardiac function depends upon the distinct characteristics of ventricular and atrial cardiomyocytes, raising interest in the genetic pathways that regulate chamber-specific traits. Chamber identity seems to be specified in the early embryo by signals that establish ventricular and atrial progenitor populations and trigger distinct differentiation pathways. Intriguingly, chamber-specific features appear to require active reinforcement, even after myocardial differentiation is underway, suggesting plasticity of chamber identity within the developing heart. Here, we review the utility of the zebrafish as a model organism for studying the mechanisms that establish and maintain cardiac chamber identity. By combining genetic and embryological approaches, work in zebrafish has revealed multiple players with potent influences on chamber fate specification and commitment. Going forward, analysis of cardiomyocyte identity at the single-cell level is likely to yield a high-resolution understanding of the pathways that link the relevant players together, and these insights will have the potential to inform future strategies in cardiac tissue engineering.

Single cardiomyocytes are widely used for investigations of the cellular and molecular mechanisms of regulation and modulation of cardiac performance. Intact cardiomyocytes allow one to study in detail cell function avoiding the effects of extracellular matrix and neighboring cells. The most established protocols of cardiomyocyte isolation are based on the isolated heart perfusion using a Langendorff-apparatus or on intraventricular perfusion using a syringe. However, the yield of single cardiomyocytes obtained by these methods may be low due to the cell injury following non-uniform enzyme digestion of connective tissue in different heart chambers. Moreover, isolation of atrial cardiomyocytes is challenging because of their small size and complex geometric shape. Here we present a new protocol for simultaneous isolation of high quality cardiomyocytes from the atria, ventricular free walls and interventricular septum. The protocol is based on the combination of the Langendorff perfusion method with the intraventricular and intra-atrial injection technique taking into account the collagen content variation between the different heart chambers. Obtained cells demonstrate rod-shaped morphology, a clear and regular sarcomere striation pattern and rat-specific frequency-dependence of contraction and calcium transient parameters. Our protocol provides gentle cell isolation that increases the yield of single cardiomyocytes suitable for biophysical researches ., Graphical abstract Image, graphical abstract

Aims To assess left atrial (LA) function in sinus rhythm in veteran athletes with a history of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (AF) exposed to prolonged endurance exercise compared with veteran athletes without AF and controls with and without paroxysmal AF from a non-athletic population. Methods and results Three hundred and two male participants from four groups, veteran recreational skiers with paroxysmal AF (n = 62), veteran skiers without AF (n = 89), and controls from a non-athletic population with (n = 62) and without paroxysmal AF (n = 89) underwent an echocardiographic examination in sinus rhythm to evaluate LA anatomy and function. The skiers (mean age 70.8±6.7 years) reported an average exposure to regular endurance exercise for 40–50 years. LA maximum and minimum volumes were larger in skiers (P, Graphical Abstract

[ES] Las enfermedades cardiacas conforman la primera causa de muerte en todo el planeta, siendo las arritmias uno de los principales trastornos relacionados con estas patologías. La fibrilación auricular (FA) es conocida como la arritmia cardíaca producida con mayor frecuencia en personas adultas y constituye un problema de salud pública muy grave. Uno de los factores de riesgo más habituales y con mayor relevancia, especialmente en pacientes de edad avanzada, es la dilatación de las aurículas, que favorece una conducción lenta y larga, factores que aumentan la predisposición a padecer FA. La dilatación de las aurículas provoca el estiramiento del tejido, dando lugar a la activación de nuevos canales de conducción. En el estudio de la FA, las simulaciones computacionales del corazón humano sirven como instrumento para la comprensión de la electrofisiología y su utilización está ganando un papel fundamental en la ayuda a la toma de decisiones de los profesionales médicos a la hora de seleccionar una terapia. Para que estos modelos sean útiles en la práctica clínica diaria, es necesario que sean específicos, personalizados y satisfagan las necesidades médicas. Puesto que la mayoría de los estudios de modelos de miocitos auriculares se siguen centrando en las características electrofisiológicas, se hace necesario el estudio de modelos con mayor complejidad que incorporen la electromecánica y que posibiliten el estudio de los efectos de la contracción auricular sobre el funcionamiento del corazón bajo determinadas condiciones., [EN] Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death worldwide, arrhythmias being one of the main disorders related to these pathologies. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is known as the most frequently occurring cardiac arrhythmia in adults and is a very serious public health problem. It is a chronic, complicated and gradual disease of the atria, the prevalence of which increases with age. One of the most common and most relevant risk factors, especially in elderly patients, is atrial dilatation, which favors slow and long conduction, factors that increase the predisposition to suffer AF. The dilation of the atria causes stretching of the tissue, leading to the activation of new conduction channels. In the study of AF, computational simulations of the human heart serve as a tool for understanding electrophysiology and their use is gaining a fundamental role in helping medical professionals make decisions when selecting a therapy. For these models to be useful in daily clinical practice, they need to be specific, personalized, and satisfy medical needs. Since most studies of atrial myocyte models continue to focus on electrophysiological characteristics, there is a need to study models with greater complexity that incorporate electromechanics and make it possible to study the effects of atrial contraction on the functioning of the heart under certain conditions.

A proposta deste trabalho consiste na reflexão acerca da análise tipo-morfológica de arquiteturas caracterizadas por conter um espaço vazio interior de grandes proporções, como átrios ou pátios, e de que maneira podemos melhor compreendê-los. Sabe-se que atinente ao tema da morfologia e da análise espacial há o entendimento de muitos autores consagrados da história e crítica da arquitetura de que o objeto arquitetônico é pensado, projetado e analisado a partir ponto de vista do volume cheio, da composição por adição com subtração como resíduo, restando um vazio interior desta operação, tal visão compõe-se um status quo da questão. Essa compreensão da composição nos faz questionar em até que ponto esta análise da forma não poderia ser produzida a partir do conceito de vazio-protagonista. O conceito proposto embasa-se em arquiteturas compostas por um grande espaço interior que prevalece nas relações de hierarquia entre os demais espaços construídos sendo o espaço articulador de toda a composição. Deste modo, esta tese propõe-se a compilar, relacionar e analisar criticamente os vazios arquitetônicos de grande volume, dimensão e escala relativa ao todo do edifício. Os nove estudos de caso propostos abordam as tipologias arquitetônicas de átrio e pátio selecionadas no âmbito de Porto Alegre entre os séculos XX e XXI. Nesse contexto, a arquitetura do ecletismo é representada pelo trio: Correios e Telégrafos (1913 – Memorial do Rio Grande do Sul), Delegacia Fiscal - atual MARGS (1916), Banco Nacional do Comércio (1931 – Santander Cultural). Já o trio de arquiteturas modernas portoalegrenses em análise são: Magazine Mesbla (1950– IFRS-Campus Porto Alegre, Banco da Província - Agência Centenária (1958 – Banco Santander) e Palácio da Justiça de Porto Alegre (1968). E finalmente, há a análise da arquitetura modernista contemporânea através das obras: Faculdades de Arquitetura Ritter dos Reis - Prédio Arquitetura (1986), Faculdades FAPA - Prédio 04 (2007) e Museu Fundação Iberê Camargo (2008). Tais obras representam de certa forma o momento econômico, social e cultural da capital gaúcha, além de serem importantes referêcias das características de tecnologia construtiva, gabarito e uso no âmbito da história da arquitetura gaúcha. A metodologia de análise adotada buscou compatibilizar disciplina (teoria) e realidade (praxis) através de um detalhado estudo bibliográfico comparativo e a prática do redesenho dos edifícios de estudo de caso, produzindo dessas comparações a síntese de resultados. De modo geral, o vazio interior de grandes proporções coloca-se como protagonista das arquiteturas produzidas desde o início do século XX em Porto Alegre e ainda se faz presente contemporaneamente na iconografia da arquitetura da cidade de uma sociedade ávida pelo espetáculo que os vazios proporcionam e ao mesmo tempo pela limpeza visual que impacta e organiza espaços. Há também uma contínua presença de vazios interiores dessa natureza na história da capital gaúcha, que associado à forma e à escala torna a escolha desse tema atual, instigante e inédito na bibliografia no âmbito dos nove estudo de caso de Porto Alegre. The purpose of this paper is to reflect on the type-morphological analysis of architectures characterized by containing a large interior empty space, such as atriums or courtyards, and how we can better understand them. Concerning the subject of morphology and spatial analysis, it is known that many well-known authors of the history and critique of architecture understand that the architectural object is thought, designed and analyzed from the point of view of full volume, composition by addition. with subtraction as residue, leaving an inner void of this operation is a status quo of the matter. This understanding of composition makes us question to what extent this analysis of form could not be produced from the concept of void-protagonist. Such The proposed concept is based on architectures composed of a large interior space that prevails in the hierarchical relations between the other built spaces and the articulating space of the whole composition. Thus, this thesis proposes to compile, relate and critically analyze the architectural voids of great size, dimension and scale in front of the whole of the building. The nine case studies proposed selected within Porto Alegre between the twentieth and twenty-first century. In this context, the architecture of eclecticism is represented by the trio: Correios e Telégrafos (1913 – Memorial do Rio Grande do Sul), Delegacia Fiscal - atual MARGS (1916) and Banco Nacional do Comércio (1931 – Santander Cultural). Already the trio of modern Porto Alegre’s architectures under review are: Magazine Mesbla (1950– IFRS-Campus Porto Alegre), Banco da Província - Agência Centenária (1958 – Banco Santander) and Palácio da Justiça de Porto Alegre (1968). And finally, there is the analysis of contemporary architecture through the works: Faculdades de Arquitetura Ritter dos Reis - Prédio Arquitetura (1986), Faculdades FAPA - Prédio 04 (2007) and Museu Fundação Iberê Camargo (2008). Such works represent in a certain way the economic, social and cultural moment of the capital of Rio Grande do Sul, besides being important representatives of the characteristics of constructive technology, high and use of these buildings in the history of Rio Grande do Sul’s architecture. Such works represent in a way the economic, social and cultural moment of the capital of Rio Grande do Sul, in addition to being important references of the characteristics of constructive technology, feedback and use in the context of the history of Rio Grande do Sul architecture. The adopted analysis methodology sought to make discipline (theory) and reality (praxis) compatible through a detailed comparative bibliographic study and the practice of redesigning the case study buildings, producing from these comparisons the synthesis of results. In general, the interior void of great proportions stands out as the protagonist of the architectures produced since the beginning of the 20th century in Porto Alegre and is still present at the same time in the iconography of the city architecture. There is also a continuous presence of intner voids of this nature in the history of the capital of Rio Grande do Sul, which, associated with form and scale, makes the choice of this subject current, exciting and unprecedented topic in the bibliography within these nine case study architecture in Porto Alegre.

[ES] Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son la principal causa de defunción en el mundo. Provocan que cada año mueran más personas como consecuencia de alguna de estas enfermedades que por cualquier otra causa. Entre sus manifestaciones, la fibrilación auricular es la arritmia sostenida más prevalente en la población general, con una alta tasa de morbimortalidad asociada a fenómenos embólicos, deterioro de la clase funcional y consultas al servicio de urgencias. Es una patología con un alto coste tanto social como económico, por lo que resulta necesario la creación de nuevas estrategias que permitan disminuir el impacto en la salud de las personas y en la sociedad. De esta manera, las simulaciones computacionales electrofisiológicas mediante el uso de modelos cardíacos están siendo cada vez más utilizada para estudiar factores que favorecen la progresión y terminación de la fibrilación auricular. Por esta razón, el presente trabajo tiene por objetivo estudiar el efecto de los cambios estructurales en el tejido (fibrosis, líneas de ablación) en el desarrollo de la fibrilación auricular. Se ha desarrollado una herramienta que permite asignar de forma aleatoria diferentes grados de fibrosis y se ha utilizado para definir dichos grados de fibrosis tanto en simulaciones 3D de tejido como en simulaciones 3D de aurícula completa. Además, se ha estudiado en un paciente real el efecto de introducir diferentes patrones de ablación., [EN] Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of death in the world. They cause more people to die each year as a result of one of these diseases than from any other cause. Among its manifestations, atrial fibrillation is the most prevalent sustained arrhythmia in the general population, with a high rate of morbidity and mortality associated with embolic phenomena, deterioration of functional class and emergency department visits. It is a pathology with a high social and economic cost, making it necessary to create new strategies to reduce the impact on the health of individuals and society. Thus, electrophysiological computational simulations using cardiac models are increasingly being used to study factors that favour the progression and termination of atrial fibrillation. For this reason, the present work aims to study the effect of structural changes in tissue (fibrosis, ablation lines) on the development of atrial fibrillation. A tool has been developed to randomly assign different degrees of fibrosis and has been used to define these degrees of fibrosis in both 3D tissue simulations and 3D whole-atrial simulations. In addition, the effect of introducing different ablation patterns has been studied in a real patient.

Fågeltornet som är ett folkets hus, ett naturrum och en utbildningsplats har kvar element av det gamla folkets hus oprogrammerade och öppna program men även annat har integrerats. Produktionen som inryms i byggnaden består av en bredkaveldunodling vilket är ett pilotprojekt av odling i våtmark. Att återinföra vatten till dikad torvmark som tidigare har varit våtmark hjälper till att binda växthusgaser i marken och odling i återskapat våtmark skulle kunna ge markägare en anledning att inte bara låta de gamla åkermarkerna stå. Odlingen blir både ett forskningscenter, ett naturrum och en ingång för att prata om naturvård och klimat. Bredkaveldunet har även rumsliga kvalitéer. Det över två meter höga gräset mot det 25 meter höga fågeltornet ger en lek med skalan där det kan ge illusionen av ett vanligt fågeltorn i vanligt högt gräs.Som besökare går man ner genom bredkaveldunen in i byggnaden och har som sin enda riktning upp i fågeltornet för att sedan komma ut på andra sidan byggnaden eller upp på andra våningen och se ut över fågelsjön. En annan resa genom byggnaden är den cirkulära rörelsen som man kan ta sig igenom både i byggnaden runt tornet samt i själva tornet. The bird watching tower contains a Folkets hus (litt. “The people's house”), a Naturum (visitor centre) and an education centre and it has some elements from the former Folkets hus, as it has spaces that can be used for different purposes. The building contains a production where common cattails are grown and turned into insulation boards. The project would be the first of its kind in Sweden and research on using wetlands for plantation could be an incentive to recreate wetlands, which binds greenhouse gases. The bird watching tower would be a place where you can start a conversation about our environment and the nature around us. Common cattails can grow up to a height of three meters and therefore have a great impact on the space around it. The tall tower and the common cattail can lure the eye and almost look like a smaller bird watching tower in high grass.As a visitor, you can take different paths through the building, and they all show different things. You can either walk through the common cattail plantation and go inside the building where the direction is pointing up in the tower and then see the beautiful recreated bird lake when you walk outside, or you can walk around the building and the tower in a circular motion.

Rješenje urbanističkog zadatka proizašlo je iz potrebe zadanog dijela grada za većim i kvalitetnijim zelenim površinama. Rješenje botaničkog vrta ima povijesni, hortikulturni te ponajviše turistički značaj. Na središnji botanički trg vežu se svi sadržaji ujedno s tri poslovne zgrade. Arhitektonskim rješenjem ovog zadatka obuhvaćena je najjužnija poslovna zgrada. Zgrada ispunjava sve projektom propisane zahtjeve te uvodi u sebe koncept zatvorenog središnjeg atrija. Botanički vrt iz urbanističkog rješenja dopire do samog pročelja zgrade gdje su vertikalne jezgre na fasadi sakrivene u visećem vrtu bršljana. Navedeni bršljan s pročelja se preslikava u unutrašnjost zgrade kao zelena atrakcija koja pada od najviše etaže atrija sve do prizemlja. Sve potrebne prostorije povezane su galerijski na unutrašnji središnji atrij, zajedno sa dodatnim sadržajima poput javnog kafića na poluotvorenoj terasi, The solution of the urban context arose from the need of larger and better quality green areas in the given part of the city. The idea of botanical garden has historical, horticultural and mainly tourist significance. All facilities along with three business buildings are connected with the central botanical square. The architectural solution of this task includes the office building on the south. The building meets all the requirements given by the project and introduces the concept of a closed central atrium. The botanical garden from the urban solution reaches the facade of the building where the vertical cores on the facade are hidden by the hanging ivy garden. The mentioned ivy from the facade is reflected in the interior of the building as a green attraction that falls from the highest floor of the atrium all the way to the ground floor. All the necessary rooms are connected by the gallery around the inner central atrium, along with additional spaces such as a public cafe on a semi-open terrace.

International audience; Cet article présente les activités menées sur le terrain en 2020 dans le cadre du projet « Modes d’habiter à Pompéi à l’époque républicaine : diffusion et utilisation du type de la maison à atrium testudinatum ». Les recherches ont été consacrées, cette année, au relevé par photogrammétrie des structures in situ de I 16, 5-7, au rangement des mobiliers retrouvés pendant le dégagement d’une partie de la maison 5, et stockés à son intérieur, ainsi qu’à l’analyse stratigraphique d’un secteur de cette même maison, les pièces 13-15. L’examen a permis de restituer l’histoire de construction de cet espace, dans laquelle il a été possible de distinguer cinq phases, décrites dans l'article. Les données récoltées ont été enregistrées dans une base de données structurée, en partant des modèles élaborés par l’Istituto Centrale per il Catalogo e la Documentazione. De plus, des photographies des peintures conservées à l’intérieur des pièces 14 et 15 ont été effectuées, par fluorescence ultraviolette (UV) et par infrarouge proche (IR et VIL), afin de retrouver les détails estompés et d’évaluer la distribution spatiale des pigments employés. Les premiers résultats de l'imagerie multispectrale ont été présentés par Marcella Leone.