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There is an urgent need to expand the scale and scope of refugee resettlement schemes, and yet country approaches to resettlement vary markedly and there is little cross-country learning from approaches and refugee experiences. In Japan, resettlement focuses on economic self-sufficiency through employment; whereas the UK, through Community Sponsorship volunteers, on providing social connections to facilitate integration. This paper explores the strengths and short-comings of each approach and examines the ways in which refugee resettlement programmes prioritising different integration domains might influence refugee experiences of integration more widely. Drawing on principles and domains set out in the Indicators of Integration Framework (Ndofor-Tah, C. Strang, A. Phillimore, J. Morrice, L., Michael, L., Wood, P., Simmons, J. (2019) Home Office Indicators of Integration framework 2019), insight is provided into the multi-dimensionality of integration and new understandings about the nature of social connections are offered. The findings highlight the context specific nature of integration policy and practice and underline the importance of a holistic approach. We conclude that resettlement initiatives might incorporate both employers and local communities working in collaboration to support newly arrived refugees but with some state involvement.

This chapter explores the mechanisms and processes within the family for achieving economic self-sufficiency as a young person in the UK. Overall, the parental generation steps in to help their children to a greater extent than the grandparental generation did. We explore four groups of young people; Voluntary Dependents, Gradual Progressors, Ambitious and Entrepreneurs. Categories are based on their current level of economic self-sufficiency as well as their desire to become so. The analysis illustrates distinct patterns with regard to parenting style, mechanisms of transmission as well as content of transmission between these four groups. Overall, in three of four groups we see that the parents are clearly facilitating the transition from school to work by providing primarily financial support, but this is also blocking the achievement of economic self-sufficiency.

In this chapter, we compare the findings reported by the authors of chapters 4 to 14 and offer some general reflections and conclusions. Our overall goal is to provide answers to the research questions posed in chapter 1 and to assess the conceptual model developed in chapter 2. To this end, we proceed as follows. First, we outline the dimensions of the comparative discussion of the findings as derived from our theoretical model. Second, we offer a structured overview of the findings reported in each case study and compare these to each other. Then we turn to answering the research questions that guided this study.

Objective: To analyze the contribution of family agriculture in the construction of peasant food strategies as a response to socio-productive problems in communities in the municipalities of Tenejapa and San Juan Cancuc, in the Tseltal region of Chiapas’ Highlands. Methodology: The research is a case study that serves to characterize the strategies of social reproduction in a rural self-subsistence economy. The data were obtained through qualitative research techniques, including interviews, field visits, analysis of corn, coffee, honey and vegetable production systems, and focus group discussions. Results: It can be highlighted that agro-food diversity is the main strategy for social reproduction among self-subsistence farmers and that the most valued assets are land and production techniques, as well as the multifunctional nature of agriculture. Limitations: The study and its method can be a reference for analysis of social reproduction strategies in peasant families of indigenous peoples, specifically in contexts of self-subsistence economy. To analyze strategies of farming families with little economic or agricultural diversification, it is necessary to consider other variables and possibly complement the qualitative research method with other quantitative methods to quantify income, for example, a socioeconomic survey. Conclusions. The diversification of agriculture and family food is a viable method to strength social reproduction strategies among peasant families in an economic context of self-subsistence. The agro-food policies could take a multi-scalar approach. Objetivo: analizar el aporte de la agricultura familiar en el diseño de estrategias alimentarias campesinas, como respuesta a los problemas socio-productivos en comunidades de los municipios Tenejapa y San Juan Cancuc, en la región tseltal de Los Altos de Chiapas. Metodología: la investigación es un estudio de caso para caracterizar las estrategias de reproducción social en una economía rural de autosubsistencia. Los datos se obtuvieron a partir de técnicas de investigación cualitativas entre las que destacan entrevistas, recorridos en parcelas, análisis de los sistemas productivos maíz, café, miel y hortalizas y discusión con grupos focales. Resultados: la diversidad agroalimentaria es la principal estrategia de reproducción social entre los campesinos de autosubsistencia y que los bienes más preciados son las tierras, las semillas nativas y las técnicas de producción, así como el carácter multifuncional de la agricultura. Limitaciones: el estudio y su método puede ser un referente para análisis de estrategias de reproducción social en familias campesinas de pueblos indígenas, específicamente en contextos de economía de autosubsistencia. Para analizar estrategias de familias campesinas con poca diversificación económica o agrícola, se requiere considerar otras variables y posiblemente complementar el método de investigación cualitativo con otros métodos cuantitativos que permitan cuantificar los ingresos, por ejemplo, una encuesta socioeconómica. Conclusiones: la diversificación de la agricultura y de la alimentación familiar es un método viable para fortalecer las estrategias de reproducción social entre las familias campesinas en contexto económico de autosubsistencia. Las políticas públicas para fortalecer la agricultura familiar campesina podrían adoptar un enfoque multi-escalar.

This paper investigates market citizenship as a framework for refugees and newcomers in accessing the rights of citizenship. In a first part, it examines relevant theories of citizenship to situate market citizenship. Next, it outlines the parameters of market citizenship and its applicability to the case of refugees in claiming rights through the US resettlement system. Finally, it moves on to identify weaknesses in the framework and posit some alternative strategies.

Past approaches to food security in the countries of the Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) were informed by concerns about food availability. They aimed at domestic self-sufficiency and self-sufficiency by proxy (via farmland investments abroad). These strategies have failed. Water scarcity at home increasingly compromises agricultural production. Farmland investments abroad have not matched ambitious related announcements due to a complex mixture of commercial, socio-economic and political factors. They do not contribute meaningful quantities to the Gulf countries’ food imports. The failure of such strategies has prompted a shift of focus instead towards value chain management as a means to secure food availability. Rather than trying to fight food import dependence, the Gulf countries now accept and manage it. However, malnutrition that leads to high levels of obesity and diabetes constitutes a risk factor in the face of COVID-19. Food accessibility for vulnerable population segments such as migrant labour is another issue that requires yet further policy measures, such as safety nets – whose expansion would be politically controversial if not impossible, however.

We thank Michael Camasso and Radha Jagannathan as well as Asimina Christoforou, Gerbert Kraaykamp, Fay Makantasi, Tiziana Nazio, Kyriakos Pierrakakis, Jacqueline O’Reilly and Jan van Deth for their contribution to the CUPESSE project (Seventh Framework Programme; Grant Agreement No. 61325). CUPESSE received additional funding from the Mannheim Centre for European Social Research (MZES) and the Field of Focus 4 “Self-Regulation and Regulation: Individuals and Organisations” at Heidelberg University. We further acknowledge helpful comments on this article by two anonymous reviewers. Julian Rossello provided valuable research assistance., Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (https ://doi.org/10.1057/ s4130 4-018-0186-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users., Existing datasets provided by statistical agencies (e.g. Eurostat) show that the economic and financial crisis that unfolded in 2008 significantly impacted the lives and livelihoods of young people across Europe. Taking these official statistics as a starting point, the collaborative research project “Cultural Pathways to Economic Self-Sufficiency and Entrepreneurship in Europe” (CUPESSE) generated new survey data on the economic and social situation of young Europeans (18–35 years). The CUPESSE dataset allows for country-comparative assessments of young people’s perceptions about their socio-economic situation. Furthermore, the dataset includes a variety of indicators examining the socio-economic situation of both young adults and their parents. In this data article, we introduce the CUPESSE dataset to political and social scientists in an attempt to spark a debate on the measurements, patterns and mechanisms of intergenerational transmission of economic self-sufficiency as well as its political implications., CUPESSE project (Seventh Framework Programme; Grant Agreement No. 61325)

¿La diversificación productiva ha permitido a las familias campesinas de Los Altos de Chiapas consolidar sus estrategias de reproducción social? Para contestar esta pregunta, en este artículo se caracteriza la agricultura familiar campesina a fin de comprender su nivel de consolidación económica. La metodología investigativa es un estudio de casos a escala regional y local, que incluyó revisión estadística para caracterizar la problemática, levantamiento de una encuesta en dos municipios de la región, observación participativa de las labores de agricultura tradicional en parcelas demostrativas de mejoramiento de maíz nativo, seguimiento a procesos de producción orgánica de hortalizas, miel y café. El resultado es un perfil de la economía agrícola regional que permite analizar las estrategias de diversificación productiva y destacar los procesos de manejo agroecológico de maíz, café y miel. El estudio posibilita discutir la tipología de Agricultura Familiar Campesina (AFC) que propone la FAO para caracterizar el nivel de consolidación de la agricultura familiar campesina. Las conclusiones nos permiten comprender en qué fase de consolidación económica se encuentran las estrategias campesinas. El estudio ofrece pautas para mejorar los procesos de organización de la economía familiar campesina. Has productive diversification allowed the peasant families of Los Altos de Chiapas to consolidate their strategies of social reproduction? To answer this question, this article characterizes peasant family agriculture to understand its level of economic consolidation. The research methodology is a case study on a regional and local scale, including a statistical review to characterize the problem, conducting a survey in two municipalities in the region, participatory observation of traditional agriculture work in demonstration plots of native corn improvement, monitoring of organic production processes of vegetables, honey and coffee. The result is a profile of the regional agricultural economy that allows the analysis of productive diversification strategies, highlighting the processes of agroecological management of corn, coffee and honey. The study allows us to discuss the typology of Peasant Family Agriculture (CFA) proposed by FAO to characterize the level of consolidation of peasant family agriculture. The conclusions allow us to understand in what process of economic consolidation the peasant strategies are found. The study offers guidelines to improve the processes of organization of the peasant family economy. ¿La diversificación productiva ha permitido a las familias campesinas de Los Altos de Chiapas consolidar sus estrategias de reproducción social? Para contestar esta pregunta, en este artículo se caracteriza la agricultura familiar campesina a fin de comprender su nivel de consolidación económica. La metodología investigativa es un estudio de casos a escala regional y local, que incluyó revisión estadística para caracterizar la problemática, levantamiento de una encuesta en dos municipios de la región, observación participativa de las labores de agricultura tradicional en parcelas demostrativas de mejoramiento de maíz nativo, seguimiento a procesos de producción orgánica de hortalizas, miel y café. El resultado es un perfil de la economía agrícola regional que permite analizar las estrategias de diversificación productiva y destacar los procesos de manejo agroecológico de maíz, café y miel. El estudio posibilita discutir la tipología de Agricultura Familiar Campesina (AFC) que propone la FAO para caracterizar el nivel de consolidación de la agricultura familiar campesina. Las conclusiones nos permiten comprender en qué fase de consolidación económica se encuentran las estrategias campesinas. El estudio ofrece pautas para mejorar los procesos de organización de la economía familiar campesina.

Wohnungslose Menschen in Hamburg haben unterschiedliche und komplexe Aushandlungsprozesse bezüglich der Nahrungsversorgung entwickelt - gemeinsam ist ihnen jedoch, dass nach Möglichkeit auf Spenden und das Nutzen von Essensausgabestellen verzichtet wird. Selbstversorgung wird mit Selbstbestimmung gleichgesetzt und daher angestrebt. Roofless people in Hamburg have developed different and complex processes of negotiating food in their daily lives, but they all share the idea that donations and using food banks or soup kitchens should be avoided wherever possible. Self-sufficiency is equated with agency and therefore strived for.

Актуалізовано теоретичні визначення муніципального управління та місцевого самоврядування. Обґрунтовано, що їх взаємозв’язок виражений економічною основою, яка є цілком компліментарною щодо підсистеми соціально-економічного розвитку громад та виражається у їх самодостатності., Problem setting. In modern conditions, the role of communities in the economic and social development of the state, as entities that are the only ones in all of its administrative-territorial system that are governed by the method of widespread local self-government.Recent research and publications analysis. Economic and social problems of local self-government, financial and economic bases of activity at the level of local self-government were researched in the works of national representatives of state-management science: T. Bezverkhniuk, O. Vasylieva, M. Izha, М. Mykolaichuk, Yu. Obolenskyi, L. Prykhodchenko, І. Rozputenko, S. Sakhanienko and other. In the presence of a large number of works devoted to the social and economic foundations of local self-government, the problems of purely economic self-sufficiency of municipal entities remain weakly studied.Highlighting previously unsettled parts of the general problem. The objective is to develop a theoretical instrumentalism for evaluating and shaping the economic self-sufficiency of communities, practical recommendations for raising it. The main objectives are: the definition of the potential of the economic basis of local self-government and the related clarification of the content of the concept of “economic self-sufficiency of the community”, review and comparison of the leading foreign practices of the formation of the economic basis of the municipal level formations with the practices that have developed in Ukraine during the process of decentralization reform of years 2015-2018.Paper main body. Municipal government is a broader concept, it means managing municipal entities in general (development of the industrial, financial sector, restructuring of the economy, etc.); and local self-government - only on matters of local importance.The economic basis of local self-government is a system of economic objects, resources, as well as relations on their formation and use in order to address local issues. At the same time, taking into account the established traditions and approaches, the term “economic self-sufficiency of local self-government” is more justified in scientific use, since this term highlights, notes and emphasizes the special importance not only of the financial component, i.e. the budget, but also the importance of increasing its revenues as a result the interaction of social and economic subsystems of local self-government, emphasizing their complementarity in modern conditions.This is complementarity of the financial, social and economic subsystems that will lead to synergy in the use of the potential of additional economic reserves at the level of municipalities. In modern Ukraine, on the one hand, the state is not going to give full autonomy to the communities, preferring to control them economically. On the other hand, local self-governments themselves, especially in newly formed communities that are united in 2016-2018, are not able to work autonomously, without financial support from the state. But at the same time it must be admitted that modern decentralization is a step that removes us from the application of state theory, approaches dualistic, and greatly approximates the prospect of the application of the social theory of local self-government.Conclusions of the research and prospects for further studies. Ensuring an adequate economic basis of local self-government is a complex debating point and a practical problem not only for national reality, but also for developed countries with the established experience of municipal government. At the same time, in modern conditions, it is impossible to put the absolute meaning of the concept of economic self-sufficiency and to insist on the full provision of local budgets with their own revenues. In addition, economic self-sufficiency is not the main goal of public management of the community – it is only a key tool for improving the quality of the population life.The theoretical definition of Municipal Government and Local Government was updated. Their interconnection is substantiated. It is expressed by an economic basis that is complementary to the subsystem of socio-economic development of communities. The economic basis is illustrated in the self-sufficiency of communities.

Objetivo: Compreender o conhecimento de mulheres cegas sobre fatores de risco e detecção precoce do câncer de mama. Método:Estudo transversal, desenvolvido em 2010, no Instituto dos Cegos, Campina Grande/PB, Brasil.Participaram 16 mulheres que responderam um questionário com questões abertas e de múltipla escolha sobre os fatores de risco e detecção precoce do câncer de mama. Utilizou-se estatística descritiva e análise de conteúdo temática. Resultados: Emergiram as categorias: Déficit de conhecimentos acerca da detecção precoce do câncer de mama e Mitos sobre o câncer de mama. As participantes desconheciam os fatores de risco para o câncer de mama e não praticavam o autocuidado para a detecção precoce. Conclusão: O conhecimento de mulheres cegas sobre fatores de risco e detecção precoce do câncer de mama é permeado por dúvidas e mitos, devendo os enfermeiros desenvolver estratégias de educação em saúde, rastreamento e detecção precoce.

Objective: Understanding self-care among nursing professionals in mental health. Method: qualitative study conducted in a psychiatric unit of a teaching hospital in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Merleau-Ponty's phenomenology of perception was used as a philosophical theoretical framework and Paul Ricoeur's hermeneutic phenomenology was used as a methodological framework. The research was conducted with 10 nursing professionals in mental health, out of a total population of 15 professionals, by means of open interview, within the period from September to December 2010. Results: through the metaphor of discourses, the theme emerged: the world of psychiatry. Conclusion: care in the world of psychiatry is unveiled as a stage of intense interpersonal exchanges, matches and mismatches with the other involved in care. This space of objective and subjective relationships and events interferes with care for the other and each nursing professional's self-care.

Objetivo: Analisar o processo de cuidar de si na enfermagem. Método: Trata-se de um estudo reflexivo e de revisão integrativa de literatura realizada nos bancos de dados BDENF, LILACS, SciELO e MEDLINE, utilizando os descritores controlados “autocuidado”, “enfermagem”, “trabalho” e “hospital” e o não controlado “cuidar de si”. Resultados: Foram analisados 5 produções científicas, sendo os resultados agrupados em dois pilares: caracterização dos estudos encontrados; e questões teóricas trazidas pelos estudos, tais como a interface entre o cuidar de si e o descuidado da enfermagem, o cuidar de si em meio às teorias e a concepção espiritual e, as implicações do cuidar de si para a enfermagem. Conclusão: Conclui-se que o cuidar de si deve ser uma prática incorporada pelos enfermeiros e acadêmicos para que estes não sofram desgaste através das vivências cotidianas do trabalho, para que este hábito favoreça a si mesmo e o cuidar do outro.

Objective: To highlight the patient's coexistence with chronic kidney disease during hemodialysis from the application of Nola Pender's theory Health Promotion Model (MPS). Method: Descriptive study done with an intra-group design, in a self-care workshop with 48 customers in Campos dos Goytacazes, Rio de Janeiro, from 2013 to 2014. It was evidenced self-care behavior in the diagram: individual characteristics and experiences; cognitions and specific affections of the most important motivational behavior, representing modifiable categories through nursing actions. Results: Nursing guidelines led individuals to acquire MPS behaviors in order to meet their welfare needs, because they value their lives. The workshop stimulated the development of reflective consciousness, providing conditions for reflection on their reality and harmonization with life. Conclusion: The guidelines gives rise conditions for the individual acquire a health promotion behavior, reverberated in meeting their self-care needs and well-being.

Objective: To conduct a search of published scientific works about the importance of exercise in promoting multidimensional care for the paraplegic or quadriplegic individual, as well as to investigate the knowledge of nursing about the benefit of such activities and to clarify the role of the nurse in assisting the person paraplegic or quadriplegic. Methods: This is an integrative review, conducted in the databases LILACS, SciELO, MEDLINE, BDENF e CAPES portal, corresponding to the years from 2004 to 2014. Results: Patients affected by spinal cord injury have deficits of care and self-care. Thus it was found that exercise offers many benefits including biopsychosocial. Conclusion: It was observed that the practice of physical exercise does not yet have effectiveness, however, it is important that nurses know about these benefits to guide the patients' family members in the provision of quality care.

Objetivos: Identificar o significado para os homens sobre o exame clínico de toque digital da próstata para detecção precoce de câncer, caracterizar a causa do déficit na procura de exame preventivos e serviços de saúde pelos homens e discutir atuação do enfermeiro na promoção da saúde dos homens. Método: Estudo qualitativo descritivo com pesquisa de campo norteada por formulário semi-estruturado. Resultados: Os significados atribuídos ao toque digital da próstata foram constrangimento, desconforto, estigma e importante. A informação e o acesso estão condicionados aos fatores socioeconômico dos participantes. Conclusão: Enfermeiros devem assistir na educação em saúde e na saúde integral, uniformizando as informações para diferentes ngrupos socioeconômicos, minimizando o estigma e o constrangimento, ressaltando a importância do autocuidado para o homem, visando melhorar a busca pelos serviços de saúde, exames de rastreamento e prevenção. Descritores: Detecção Precoce de Câncer,Neoplasia da Próstata, Promoção da Saúde, Saúde do Homem.

Economic self-sufficiency has emerged as a policy goal of antipoverty programs in many nations. Although the policy direction of these programs is clear, the definition and measurement of economic self-sufficiency is not. This study revisits a scale that was designed in 1993 and has experienced a growth in use after two decades of little attention. Using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis and bivariate correlations, the scale’s validity was tested with a sample of low-income survivors of intimate partner violence. The discussion focuses on how the resulting Scale of Economic Self-Sufficiency–14 (SESS-14) relates to policy, practice, and research.

Objective: to verify the contribution of professional Primary Health Care (PHC) supported self-care to patients with active tuberculosis (TB). Methods: quantitative study, cross-sectional conducted with 100 phc practitioners in the city of Natal /RN. We used structured instruments to collect data. Results: 80% of interviews were answered by family health unit professional's; 41% worked in the unit for more than 10 years; 44% reported great capacity for bonding and health education; 55% rated the care as reasonable. Conclusion: we feel the need to meet the patient holistically, addressing their individual social aspects and considering the health services in order to strengthen the bond between patient and professional service.

Objective: To analyze the scientific production about nursing care at home for patients with heart failure. Methods: The survey of articles occurred by consulting the nursing journals, with publications available online and in full, indexed in LILACS and MEDLINE. We identified 599 articles, of which 17 comprised the study sample. Results: The texts originated the following categories: home care, health team in home care and proposals for better quality of care. Conclusion: It is important to awaken to the need for further investment and research in this area, which proved to be a very positive proposal of humanized care, since it allows the patient to be in the comfort of your home, with the support of his family, and encourage self-care and enable greater autonomy.

Objective: To describe the socioeconomic and reproductive profile of female prisoners. Method: The sample consisted of 47 female inmates of penitentiaries and Teresina peaks. For data collection a form prescribed by the researcher was used. Data were collected from July to August 2013, which were tabulated and analyzed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 20.0. Results: Showed a profile of young, unmarried women, who exercised occupation that required little skill, low education and income. Regarding reproductive health, 42,5% were multiparous, and 40,4% had less than six visits. The abortion rate was high, 42,5%. Conclusion: There was a need to plan educational strategies to prevent injuries to sexual and reproductive health of prisoners, being essential to the development of tactics to break down educational barriers and generate behavior change and promote self-care.

Objective: to learn about the scientific production of nursing care regarding self-care. Method: an integrative review was conducted, data were collected on the basis of Latin American Literature data and Caribbean Health Sciences Library and the Scientific Electronic Library Online, through the descriptors: nursing and self-care. Eighteen articles were found and used to constitute the analysis corpus. Such articles were published between 2003 and 2013. For data analysis a table containing relevant variables to the characterization of articles and discursive textual analysis. Results: four categories emerged concerning self-care, lack of care, self-care in professional training and self-care as an ethical principle of nursing work. Conclusion: the findings of this study may contribute to the production of knowledge in nursing, expanding the appreciation of self-care to care for others.

Objetivo: traçar uma proposta de sistematização da assistência de enfermagem para uma idosa com lesão medular, usuária de uma unidade de saúde de natal/rn. Métodos: estudo de caso utilizando três instrumentos para coleta de informações relacionadas ao grau de dependência e às condições de autocuidado da paciente sob estudo para elaboração do planejamento da assistência. Resultados: quatro diagnósticos de enfermagem foram elaborados com base na nanda e teoria do déficit de autocuidado: mobilidade física prejudicada, padrão de sono prejudicado, manutenção do lar prejudicada e déficit de autocuidado para vestir-se e arrumar-se. quatro intervenções correspondentes foram traçadas, formulando um plano assistencial. Conclusão: propõe-se o uso dos instrumentos que avaliam a dependência e o autocuidado das pessoas para a condução da sistematização da assistência ao cuidar de idosos como lesão medular na residência como contribuição para a prática de enfermagem com essa população. Descritores: Processos de enfermagem, Idoso, Traumatismos da medula espinhal.

The fragmentation of international law has led to the emergence of specialized and (quasi) autonomous legal regimes - the "self-contained regimes" or special regimes. This article aims to investigate the degree to which European Union law could be a potential candidate for a "self- contained regime" and questions the relationship between this special regime and general international law. The methodological approach consists in providing a critical analysis of the Report on Fragmentation of International Law of the International Law Commission, concluded in 2006 and the ECJ case law in order to identify and explain pro et contra arguments regarding the following assertion: although EU law is not totally decoupled from general principles of international law, the new legal order of the EU has taken a historical turn towards self- containedness. Embracing the European legal perspective, this inquiry will advocate a presumption in favor of the self-contained character of the EU legal order, based on the EU sui generis modus operandi, the establishment of its own constitutional legal order, accommodating its own norms, techniques and features of modern law-making within its sphere of application, albeit the possible fallback on general international state responsibility and countermeasures mechanisms in case the mechanisms inherent in the EU system fail.

Objetivos: identificar os conteúdos relativos à sexualidade que vem sendo trabalhados no ambiente escolar e analisar a compreensão de escolares quanto ao modo de transmissão e prevenção ao HIV/Aids. Método: estudo descritivo, tipo inquérito, realizado com 54 alunos do nono ano do segundo segmento do ensino fundamental de duas escolas municipais de João Pessoa- PB. Dados analisados no Software Statistica 9.0 da Statsoft. Resultados: Na Escola A, privilegiou-se aspectos relacionados à higiene do corpo (44,0%). Na Escola B, evidenciou-se prevenção de doenças sexualmente transmissíveis (58,6%), infecção pelo HIV/Aids (51,7%) e uso de preservativo(44,8%). Conclusão: A informação direcionada ao cuidado de si deve extrapolar os limites preventivistas e higienistas, incorporando metodologias extensivas, inclusivas e reflexivas, que favoreçam a experiência para uma sexualidade profícua e consequente redução da vulnerabilidade ao HIV/Aids.

Objetivo: Refletir sobre a importância da atuação do enfermeiro como educador no controle da tuberculose na unidade básica de saúde. Metódos: Estudo de caráter descritivo-exploratória, realizado nas bases de dados: LILACS, BDENF e SCIELO no período de 2000 a 2010, onde selecionamos 09 bibliografias potencias. Resultados: As categorias emergentes foram “DOTS como Fator facilitador a adesão ao tratamento da tuberculose”, “a importância do vínculo para a atuação do enfermeiro como educador” e “Fatores que fragilizam a obtenção do sucesso terapêutico”. Conclusão: O enfermeiro encontra-se em uma posição mais propicia para a educação em saúde, favorecendo a prevenção, e ensinamento do auto-cuidado, e desenvolvendo programas que envolvam a sociedade.

OBJETIVO: discutir sobre cuidados de enfermagem relatados pelos enfermeiros ao paciente com insuficiência cardíaca à alta hospitalar. MÉTODO: estudo descritivo qualitativo, realizado num hospital universitário, tendo como sujeitos enfermeiros assistenciais. Os dados foram obtidos por entrevistas com enfermeiros. Para análise, utilizado método de análise de conteúdo segundo Bardin, sendo delimitada categoria relacionada à arte de cuidar de enfermagem ao paciente hospitalizado com IC na alta hospitalar. Atendendo Resolução 196/96 do CNS, aprovada pelo Comitê de Ética sob parecer 310/ 11. RESULTADOS: na arte de cuidar destacam-se aspectos sobre terapia farmacológica dos pacientes de IC, orientações sobre sintomas de descompensação da doença, estímulo para autonomia e autocuidado. CONCLUSÃO: a educação à saúde contínua permitirá ao enfermeiro fornecer informações relevantes para estes pacientes, contribuindo para aperfeiçoar o planejamento da assistência de enfermagem, visando mudanças no estilo de vida e minimização de reinternações. DESCRITORES: Cuidados de enfermagem, Insuficiência cardíaca, Alta do paciente, Enfermagem.

Objective: To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of self-medication among pension housed patients at the central healthcare unit of Teresina in the downtown region. Method: This is an exploratory epidemiological study with a quantitative, cross-sectional descriptive approach. For data collection a semi-structured questionnaire was applied on the behaviors of 300 patients. Results: Of the total respondents, the practice of self-medication was common in 241 (80.33%) of individuals. The greatest achievement of this was seen in those coming from municipalities in the interior of Maranhao 116 (48.13%), which surpassed even that with a small gap the individuals from the interior of Piaui, to practice self-medication in 101 (41.91%). Conclusion: It is understood that self-medication is an old widespread practice. The search for relief from their ailments and the poor public healthcare offered to the population admits that individuals opt for self-medication as a first option.

Objetivo: O objetivo do estudo foi identificar as produções científicas relacionadas ao autocuidado de doentes renais em tratamento conservador. Metodologia: Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa da literatura realizada por meio de levantamento bibliográfico junto às bases de dados LILACS, BDENF e MEDLINE, no mês de maio de 2010, utilizando como descritores: insuficiência renal crônica e autocuidado, e a palavra-chave enfermagem. Foram selecionadas 16 produções que compuseram a amostra do estudo. Resultados: Os resultados apontaram para dois eixos de análise: promoção da saúde como fator lentificador para fase dialítica na doença renal crônica e educação em saúde como prática do autocuidado no tratamento conservador. Conclusão: Conclui-se que a maioria dos estudos analisados aborda os aspectos clínicos e o tratamento medicamentoso, sem dar ênfase aos programas preventivos, a prevenção de complicações e a lentificação da doença renal.

Objetivos: Descrever e analisar a utilização da taxonomia CIPE ao processo de enfermagem fundamentado na teoria de Orem a uma paciente submetida à Mastectomia Radical. Método: estudo de caso, realizado com a paciente de 53 anos, sexo feminino, internada em uma unidade oncológica do Município do Rio de Janeiro, em abril de 2011. Resultados: foram identificados os principais diagnósticos de enfermagem segundo a CIPE: integridade da pele em risco, dor atual em mama direita, risco para auto-estima e auto cuidado baixos. Em seguida construímos o plano de cuidados contendo as intervenções e resultados propostas pela CIPE. Conclusão: Foi possível associar o uso da teoria de Dorothea Orem como instrumento associado à taxonomia CIPE, adequando-se a forma de planejamento da assistência de enfermagem.&nbsp

The attainment of self-reliance (zi li geng sheng) is an important goal for China. However, approaches to achieving it have altered greatly since the People’s Republic was established in 1949. Following the split between China and the Soviet Union in 1960, Mao Zedong claimed that China could achieve this goal by promoting economic self-sufficiency at the national level as well as at subnational levels. This approach resulted in a considerable economic burden for China. While national economic self-sufficiency probably was forced on China by the hostility of foreign nations towards it, subnational self-sufficiency was not. Following the death of Mao Zedong in 1976 and the eventual rise to power of Deng Xiaoping, China’s market reforms began in 1978. With the introduction of the household responsibility system in agriculture, China gave up relying on communes and collectives for its agricultural production. The market reforms began in rural areas but were only slowly extended to urban areas because of some opposition to some politbureau numbers to the market reforms. The process of the market reforms since 1978 is outlined with some attention being given to the political hurdles involved in achieving these reforms. As a result of these reforms, the goal of subnational economic self-sufficiency has well and truly been abandoned and national self-sufficiency is no longer practised. These changes have brought new economic risks for China and the Chinese people. The benefit, however, has been greater economic growth and the enhanced global status of China. While economic self-sufficiency is no longer an over-riding goal for China, one part of zi li geng sheng is still very important for it nationally, namely, to control one’s destiny, that is, to be in charge of one’s own affairs, goals and decision-making.

Die Studie gibt Empfehlungen zur ökologisch tragfähigen Gestaltung eines Gemeinschaftsgartens in einem Sahel-Dorf.

Objetivo: Analisar as práticas dos profissionais de enfermagem de um Hospital de Urgência e Emergência, direcionadas ao autocuidado; caracterizá-los quanto à carga horária semanal de trabalho e averiguar as dificuldades que encontram para cuidarem de si. Método: Estudo exploratório-descritivo e qualitativo, realizado com uma equipe de enfermagem, em julho de 2009, num Hospital de Urgência e Emergência de Campina Grande/PB/Brasil. O material empírico foi analisado através da análise de conteúdo, tendo obedecido aos preceitos éticos da resolução 196/96, submetida ao Comitê de Ética do Centro de Ensino Superior e Desenvolvimento (CESED) que o aprovou em 25/05/2009, nº 1846.0.000.405-09. Resultados: Evidenciou-se percepção dos profissionais de Enfermagem relacionada ao autocuidado; Práticas dos profissionais de enfermagem direcionadas ao autocuidado para manutenção da saúde; e Dificuldades encontradas pelos profissionais para o autocuidado. Conclusão: As práticas dos profissionais de enfermagem direcionadas ao autocuidado demonstraram aspectos negativos relacionados à temática. Descritores: Autocuidado, Enfermagem, Qualidade de vida.

У даній статті досліджено проблеми розроблення і реалізації регіональної політики в Україні, розроблено механізм формування економічної самодостатності регіону, запропоновано методику оцінки фінансово-податкового потенціалу території. This article explores the problems of developing and implementing regional policy in Ukraine, the mechanism of economic self-sufficiency in the region was developed. The estimation of financial and tax areas' potential is suggested.