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A scoping review on the what is known about wound care competency in medical students curricula

Günümüzde çalışma hayatının sorunsuz, güvenli ve sağlıklı yürüyebilmesi için işçi, işveren ve devlet taraflarının etkileşimli bir şekilde hareket etmeleri gerekmektedir. Bu üçlü kesimin birlikte hareket etmesi demek güvenli ve sağlıklı ortam oluşturulması ve dolayısıyla olası iş kazalarının önüne geçilebilmesi için ön koşul olarak değerlendirilmektedir. Genel iş kolu olarak düşünüldüğünde eğitim öğretim sınıfında iş kazası olasılığının az olması teorisi ilgili alanlarda yeterli güvenlik önlemleri alınmadığında hiç azımsanmayacak sayıda kaza durumunu ortaya çıkarabileceği düşünülmektedir. Tehlike ve risk odaklı kaza olasılığının eğitim öğretim faaliyetlerinde az olması bu sektörün önlem alma anlamında geri planda tutulması durumunu oluşturmamalıdır. Eğitim öğretim sektöründe de diğer işletmelerde olduğu gibi önce önlem sonra iş parolasının ön planda tutulması gerekliliğini doğurmuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı Ordu ilinin seçilen bir ilçesinde son beş yılda gerçekleşen iş kazaları sayısı, türü ve sektör bazlı olarak araştırılmıştır. Araştırma doğrultusunda; gerçekleşen iş kazalarının azaltılması, sağlıklı ve güvenli eğitim öğretim ortamlarının oluşturulması, okul idari yapısının iş sağlığı ve güvenliği hizmetlerine yönelik farkındalıkların artması, yasal yükümlüklerinin hatırlatılması ve kurumda proaktif yaklaşımın benimsenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda eğitim kurumlarında öğrenci ve çalışan sayısının fazla olması, veli giriş-çıkışlarının yoğun olması sebebiyle kaza olma potansiyelinin fazla olabileceği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır., − Today, workers, employers and government parties need to act interactively in order for the working life to run smoothly, safely and healthily. The fact that these three groups act together is considered as a prerequisite for creating a safe and healthy environment and thus preventing possible occupational accidents. The aim of this study was to investigate the number, type and sector-based of occupational accidents in the last five years in a selected district of Ordu Province. In line with the research; It aimed to reduce occupational accidents, to create healthy and safe educational environments, to increase awareness of the school administrative structure about occupational health and safety services, to remind legal obligations and to adopt a proactive approach in the institution. As a result of the study, it has been concluded that the potential for an accident may be high due to the high number of students and employees in educational institutions and the high number of parents entering and leaving.

Amaç: İntörnlük uygulaması ile hemşirelik öğrencilerinin mesleki bilgi, beceri ve yetkinlik arasındaki ilişkiyi araştıran çalışmalar olsa da ülkemizde bu konuyla ilgili kanıtlar sınırlıdır. Bu nedenle çalışma bir devlet üniversitesinde aktif öğrenime devam eden intörn hemşirelik öğrencilerinin mesleki ve akademik yeterliliklerinin Türkiye Yükseköğretim Yeterlilikler Çerçevesine (TYYÇ) göre öz değerlendirmesini belirlemek amacıyla yapıldı.Yöntem: Araştırma tanımlayıcı tiptedir. Araştırma bir devlet üniversitesinde aktif öğrenime devam eden intörn hemşirelik öğrencileri ile 30 Mayıs-30 Haziran 2022 tarihleri arasında yürütüldü. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından TYYÇ göre hazırlanan anket formunun öğrencilerden yüz yüze görüşerek toplanmasıyla elde edildi. Verilerin değerlendirilmesinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler (yüzde, frekans, ortalama), bağımsız gruplarda t testi ve pearson korelasyon analizi kullanıldı.Bulgular: Katılımcıların TYYÇ’ye göre lisans düzeyi sağlık temel alanı mesleki ve akademik ağırlıklı yeterliliklerinin öz değerlendirmesi puanları incelendiğinde en fazla puanın alana özgü yetkinlikten alındığı görüldü. Katılımcıların cinsiyeti, hemşireliği isteyerek seçme ve mezuniyet sonrası yapma isteği ve gelecekteki kariyer planları değişkenlerinin TYYÇ ve alt boyutları kapsamında öz yeterliliklerini etkilemediği ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir farklılık göstermediği belirlendi (p˃0.05). Öğrencilerin alan ders puanları ile TYYÇ ve alt boyutları kapsamında öz değerlendirme puanları karşılaştırıldığında “Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği” dersi puanı dışında farklılık göstermediği ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlılık olmadığı bulundu (p˃0.05). Halk Sağlığı Hemşireliği dersinden alınan puan artıkça TYYÇ alt boyutlarından “Alana özgü yetkinlik” boyutundan alınan puanın artığı ve istatistiksel olarak anlamlı olduğu belirlendi (p˂0.05).Sonuç ve Öneriler: Hemşirelikte intörnlük uygulamasının bilgi, beceri ve yetkinliklerini artırılmasında etkilerinin olumlu yönde olduğu ancak istenilen düzeyde olmadığı bulundu. Mesleki açıdan kendisini ‘bilgi, beceri ve yerlilikler’ noktasında geliştirebilecekleri ulusal standart bir müfradatın ve değerlendirmekriterlerin geliştirilmesi önemli bir ihtiyaçtır., Aim: Although there are studies investigating the relationship between internship practice and nursing students' professional knowledge, skills and competence, the evidence on this subject in our country is limited. For this reason, this study was conducted to determine the self-evaluation of the professional and academic qualifications of intern nursing students who continue their active education at a state university according to the National Qualifications Framework for Higher Education in Turkey (NQF-HETR).Method: The research is of descriptive type. The research was carried out between 30 May and 30 June 2022 with intern nursing students continuing active education at a state university. Data were obtained by collecting the questionnaire form prepared by the researchers according to NQF-HETR, by interviewing the students face to face. Descriptive statistics (percentage, frequency, mean), independent groups t test and Pearson correlation analysis were used to evaluate the data.Results: When the self-assessment scores of the participants' undergraduate level health basic field vocational and academic competencies according to NQFHETR were examined, it was seen that the highest score was obtained from the field-specific competence. It was determined that the variables of the participants' gender, willingness to choose nursing willingly and after graduation, and future career plans did not affect their self-efficacy within the scope of NQF-HETR and its sub-dimensions, and did not show a statistically significant difference (p˃0.05). When the students' field course scores were compared with their self-evaluation scores within the scope of NQF-HETR and its sub-dimensions, it was found that there was no difference except for the "Public Health Nursing" course score and there was no statistical significance (p˃0.05). As the score obtained from the Public Health Nursing course increased, it was determined that the score obtained from the sub-dimensions of NQF-HETR, "Field-specific competence", increased and was statistically significant (p˂0.05).Conclusion and Suggestions: It was found that the effects of internship practice in nursing in increasing knowledge, skills and competencies were positive, but not at the desired level. It is an important need to develop a national standard curriculum and evaluation criteria, in which they can develop themselves professionally in terms of "knowledge, skills and indigenousness".

Alissara Vanichkulbodee,1,2 Pholaphat Charles Inboriboon,3 Andrew H Balk,2 Jiraporn Sri-on1 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Department of Emergency Medicine, Truman Medical Center, University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC) School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA; 3Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USACorrespondence: Alissara Vanichkulbodee Email alissara115@gmail.comIntroduction: Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is increasingly utilized in emergency departments (EDs) throughout Thailand. Although emergency medicine (EM) residents are trained in POCUS, Thai medical students receive limited training. An introductory POCUS course was implemented for medical students to prepare them for internships.Objective: This study described the perception and use of POCUS by graduates of an introductory POCUS course.Materials and Methods: Medical students who completed the POCUS course were surveyed during their intern year from 2012 to 2015. The survey collected demographic characteristics. The Likert Scale was used to assess POCUS practice patterns and perceptions of the course.Results: There were 230 respondents (98% response rate). All thought that POCUS was important. Furthermore, 96% of respondents felt that the POCUS course meaningfully impacted their ability to deliver care. POCUS use was greatest for obstetrics/gynecology and trauma cases. Over half of respondents (55.2%) felt very confident with using extended-Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma. Most respondents (81.8%) were positively impacted by the course, and 61.7% were satisfied with the scope of the course. Recommendations for improvement included increasing the course length, the content, and the hands-on time for POCUS practice.Conclusion: Graduates positively perceived the course and felt it dramatically impacted their clinical practice as novice physicians. An introductory POCUS course should be incorporated into the medical school curriculum to prepare graduates for practice. Future goals include increasing the scope of POCUS practice to help guide interns and residents in emergency patient care such as lung ultrasound in COVID-19 or pneumonia patients and studying the impact this course has on patient outcomes.Keywords: eFAST, intern, medical education, point-of-care ultrasound

Introduction: The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic has brought about additional challenges beyond the usual transitional stresses faced by a newly qualified doctor We aimed to evaluate the impact of COVID-19 on interns' stress, burnout, emotions, and implications on their training, while exploring their coping mechanisms and resilience levels Methods: Newly graduated doctors interning in a Paediatric department in Singapore, who experienced escalation of the pandemic from January to April 2020, were invited to participate Participants completed the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS), Maslach's Burnout Inventory (MBI), and Connor Davidson Resilience Scale 25-item (CD-RISC 25) pre-pandemic and 4 months into COVID-19 Group interviews were conducted to supplement the quantitative responses to achieve study aims Results: Response rate was 100% (n=10) for post-exposure questionnaires and group interviews Despite working through the pandemic, interns' stress levels were not increased, burnout remained low, while resilience remained high Four themes emerged from the group interviews - the impacts of the pandemic on their psychology, duties, training, as well as protective mechanisms Their responses, particularly the institutional mechanisms and individual coping strategies, enabled us to understand their unexpected low burnout and high resilience despite the pandemic Conclusion: This study demonstrated that it is possible to mitigate stress, burnout and preserve resilience of vulnerable healthcare workers such as interns amidst a pandemic The study also validated a multifaceted approach that targets institutional, faculty as well as individual levels, can ensure the continued wellbeing of healthcare workers even in challenging times [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] Copyright of Asia Pacific Scholar is the property of Centre for Medical Education (CenMed) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use This abstract may be abridged No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract (Copyright applies to all Abstracts )

Background The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated an enforced 8-week induction period (18 May to 12 July 2020) for all new interns in Ireland. These unprecedented circumstances presented a unique opportunity to assess this induction period. Aim To assess the impact of a prolonged induction period on the technical abilities of interns embarking on their clinical careers. Method We distributed a 12-item questionnaire to new interns at our institution during the COVID-19 pandemic. Section 1 of the questionnaire was designed to assess the rate of self-reported improvement in the successful and independent execution of practical ‘intern’ tasks. Section 2 of the questionnaire captured the subjective experience of interns during this time in relation to the effectiveness of an 8-week induction period with senior intern support available. Statistical analysis of categorical predictor and ordinal outcome variables was performed using the two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) test. Results Our results demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in the proficiency at first attempt phlebotomy in week 8 compared with week 1 (p

Entry-level employees (ELEs) play a vital role in the Naval Surface Warfare Center Port Hueneme Division (NSWC PHD) Contracting Office, as they enable the office to complete contract requirements for current and future missions. More specifically, ELEs are responsible for procurement planning, preparing documents, conducting negotiations, and ensuring compliance with regulations and policies. NSWC PHD spends between $100,000 and $250,000 annually to recruit, onboard, and train each ELE with the expectation that ELEs will transition into full-time employees after graduation. With one to three ELEs hired annually, the total annual cost of recruiting, onboarding, and training ELEs ranges from $300,000 to $750,000. Despite recent improvement in the retention rate of ELEs, only 58.3% of ELEs over the past five years chose to maintain full-time employment with NSWC PHD upon completion of their internships, meaning over 40% of funds spent on the internships fail to produce the desired results. This shortfall translates into reduced numbers of staff devoted to managing contracts. In turn, this shortfall causes delays in contract completion, overworks existing employees, and lowers office morale. This study will gather data on ELEs’ perceptions of the program and how these perceptions inform their decisions whether to seek full-time employment with NSWC PHD. The intention is to provide information and insight to managers charged with overseeing the internship experience. Civilian, Department of the Navy Civilian, Department of the Navy Approved for public release. Distribution is unlimited.

Practica de traducere asigură realizarea principiilor esențiale de formare de specialitate a viitorilor traducători, fiind o primă probă de adaptare şi integrare în domeniul profesional. Scopul studiului constă în evidențierea atitudinii studenților și angajatorilor față de practică ca o etapă importantă a procesului educațional universitar. THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERNSHIPS IN THE FUTURE TRANSLATORS PROFESSIONAL INTEGRATION Translation internship ensures the awareness of specialized training principles by the future translators, being the first test for adaptation and integration in the professional field. The aim of the study is to determine the attitude of students and employers towards the internship as an important stage of the higher education process., {"references":["RÂBACOV, Gh. ș.a. Ghid metodic pentru studenții din anul terminal. Chișinău. : ULIM, 2013. 186 p. ISBN 978-9975-124-16-4.","НЕЧАЕВА, Н., БЕРЕНДЯЕВ, Н. Организация производственной практики студентов переводческих образовательных программ: Взгляд вуза и отрасли. Вопросы методики преподавания в вузе. 2019. Том 8. № 29, c. 69-80.","СИКАТИ-ЖУРАВЛЕВА, Н., ТАННИНГ, Ж. Психологические аспекты прохождения стажировки в зоне конфликта между ожиданиями работодателя и возможностями практиканта. В: Организация производственных практик в вузе: проблемы и перспективы: сб. ст. Первой Междунар. науч.-практ. конф., г. Владимир 26–27 окт. 2010 г. Владимир: Владимирский гос. ун-т, 2010, с. 20–24.","Citatepedia.org.[citat 26.02.2022]. Disponibil http://www.citatepedia.ro/index.php?id=188638","BABBIE, E. R. The Practice of Social Research. London: Cengage Learning, 2015. 592 p. ISBN 9781305445567","Despre formarea și dezvoltarea profesională și personală. [Acessat 20.02.2022]. Disponibil : https://carieraplus.wordpress.com/2014/11/07/despre-formarea-si-dezvoltarea-profesionala-si-personala/","Oшибки переводчиков, которые привели к катастрофическим последствиям. [Дата обращения: 23 февраля 2022]. Режим доступа: https://habr.com/ru/company/englishdom/blog/486880/"]}

Practica de traducere asigură realizarea principiilor esențiale de formare de specialitate a viitorilor traducători, fiind o primă probă de adaptare şi integrare în domeniul profesional. Scopul studiului constă în evidențierea atitudinii studenților și angajatorilor față de practică ca o etapă importantă a procesului educațional universitar. THE IMPORTANCE OF INTERNSHIPS IN THE FUTURE TRANSLATORS PROFESSIONAL INTEGRATION Translation internship ensures the awareness of specialized training principles by the future translators, being the first test for adaptation and integration in the professional field. The aim of the study is to determine the attitude of students and employers towards the internship as an important stage of the higher education process.&nbsp

BackgroundCareer identity is defined as the ability to substantialise career goals and results from the social learning process achieved through interactions with others.This study aimed to understand how the internship experience in Korea affects career identity, which provides a foundation for developing professional values while promoting personal goals and aspirations.MethodsWe conducted eleven semi-structured interviews with interns at a university hospital in Korea who had completed internships and chosen a speciality. The interview transcripts underwent inductive thematic analysis using consensual qualitative research approaches. Themes identified were categorised from three domains for the year-long internship experience: personal cognitive, social interaction, and system domains.ResultsResearchers derived seven categories and 20 subcategories from the transcripts: (1) self-reflection throughout internship training, (2) practical awareness of the internship programme’s operation, (3) perception of individual competence, (4) recognition of mentor importance, (5) situational awareness in the clinical department, (6) relationship experience, and (7) experience of institutional limitations. The internship experience, during which the individual is in charge and core values drive career decisions, is important for the formation of career identity and career orientation.The internship programme provides information about the clinical department to applicants seeking residency and serves a mediating role, providing information about applicants to the clinical departments. Internship is an important period during which career identity is formed.ConclusionThe internship programme provides information about clinical departments to applicants seeking residency; it is an important period during which career identity is formed. This study helps provide an in-depth understanding of interns and a base for developing institutional and policy support for students during an uncertain time when specialties should be selected.

Background: Psychiatric disorders have been rising in last few years and emerging as leading cause of disease burden. Psychiatry as a discipline of medicine carry a lot of stigma due to which there is a lack of young medical students or professionals in choosing psychiatry as a career. Aims and Objectives: To study the impact of psychiatry posting on attitude towards psychiatry and estimation of likelihood of Psychiatry as a career choice in female interns. Materials and Methods: A cross sectional observational study of 112 female interns who met the Inclusion criteria. A written informed consent was obtained from the interns. A selfassessable ATP-30 scale was used to assess the attitude of the interns, this questionnaire was filled by the interns on the first day and after the two weeks of their posting in psychiatry department. The data collected was analysed with the help of SPSS version (21.0) info. Results: Ninety-eight interns were considered for further analysis because 14 female interns fulfilled the exclusion criteria. More than 95% interns reported to have positive attitude towards psychiatry throughout the posting. Results showed a statistically significant (

The purpose of the study is to analyse the system of attracting young professionals to the modern companies in order to reveal their potential. The relevance has been substantiated and the advantages of this area have been noted in the article. The ability of young people to learn quickly, their high adaptability to changes, readiness for additional loads and business trips, flexibility and mobility have been noticed. The importance of building the system “school – university – organization” has been considered. The main options for recruiting young specialists have been highlighted: selection for initial positions, for trainee positions, programs for selecting the best candidates. The most important motivating factors for young professionals when choosing an employer and future field of activity have been identified. The increasing role of professional growth opportunities, the importance of professional development and the possibilities to realize their potential, the availability of a social package and a convenient work schedule have been noted.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to explore research productivity and attitudes by Saudi interns. Materials and Methods: Interns from two hospitals in Jeddah, Saudi Arabia were invited to participate in an online survey. Results: Fifty-seven interns responded to the survey. An accurate response rate is not possible because the invitation email reliably reached only a half of all 400 interns. Fifteen interns (26.3%) presented their research findings at a conference, and seven (12.3%) had managed to publish their findings. The main attractions to research were improving prospects of a successful residency/fellowship match (71.7%) and desire to learn more about the research subject (17%). Conclusion: Most interns in our sample expressed interest in being involved in research. The driving forces behind such eagerness, however, remain to be explicitly explored—although the majority of the sampled interns cited improved chances for a successful residency/fellowship match as the main reason.

Background There is some anecdotal evidence that anxiety about the responsibility of an intern influences rural future intentions. Additionally, research has shown that urban interns have reported that they are worried about being ‘forced’ to work in non-metropolitan hospitals in their first year after graduation. This study sought to explore rural medical students’ perceptions and expectations of a rural internship and how local health services and/or their medical school can prepare them best for a rural intern position. Methods Four focus groups were conducted with 62 final-year medical students upon completion of a 12-month rural clinical school placement. Focus groups were audio-recorded and transcribed verbatim for thematic analysis to identify key themes. Results Most students have high levels of anxiety around starting work but they acknowledge that this may be exaggerated. They believe that in rural areas they get higher quality supervisory support than in urban hospitals as people know you better, whereas in the city you are more anonymous. However, the level of responsibility placed on rural interns was considered to be a double-edged sword. While rural interns were allowed to do more than be a ‘paper-pusher’ this level of responsibility means they are more accountable. The majority felt that doing your first training years in a metropolitan hospital can be crucial to getting on a training program in your chosen speciality. Conclusions There appears to be a relatively high level of anxiety about rural internships amongst final-year medical students. Students need more targeted information around specialisation, particularly around regional training hubs, if we want to achieve higher levels of interns choosing a rural career path.

Amaç: Ahlaki duyarlılığın gerçek hayattaki ahlaki karar verme sürecinde ilk adımı oluşturduğu düşünülmektedir. Etik anlamda yüklü bir uygulama olarak görülen sağlık alanında, hizmet sunucuların ahlaki duyarlılığının izlenmesi gerek hizmet kalitesi gerekse etik uygulama açısından önem arz etmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı intörn doktorlarda ahlaki duyarlılığın ve ahlaki duyarlılık ile ilişkili olabilecek faktörlerin saptanmasıdır.Gereç ve Yöntem: Örneklem yöntemi kullanılmamış, araştırmaya katılmayı kabul eden 116 intörn doktor araştırmaya alınmıştır. Verilerin toplanması amacıyla, intörnlerin sosyodemografik özelliklerini içeren 12 soru ve 30 soru içeren Ahlaki Duyarlılık Anketi’nden oluşan veri toplama formu uygulanmıştır. Normal dağılım gösteren ölçek sonuçları için istatistiksel analiz Student t test testi ve ANOVA Testi ile yapıldı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan gönüllülerin Ahlaki Duyarlılık Anketi toplam puan ortalaması 89,14 olarak tespit edildi. Toplam puan, yarar sağlama ve oryantasyon alt ölçek puanlarına göre ahlaki duyarlılık düzeyi kadınlarda daha yüksek bulundu (p0.05).Sonuç: Bulgular, Ahlaki Duyarlılık Anketi ortalama puanları dikkate alındığında intörn doktorların ahlaki duyarlılıklarının üst orta düzeyde olduğunu göstermektedir. İntörnlerin ahlaki duyarlılığını kadın cinsiyet ve yüksek gelir düzeyi algısı olumlu yönde etkilemektedir. Bu etkinin sebeplerini aydınlatmak için izlem çalışmaları ve nitel araştırmalar planlanabilir., Background: Moral sensitivity is thought to be the first step in real-life moral decision-making. In the field of health, which is seen as an ethically loaded practice, monitoring the ethical sensitivity of service providers is essential both in terms of service quality and ethical practice. This study aimed to determine the moral sensitivity and the factors that may be related to the moral sensitivity of interns.Methods: A total of 116 intern doctors who accepted to participate were included in the study without using a sampling method. In order to collect the data, a data collection form consisting of sociodemographic characteristics of the interns and Moral Sensitivity Questionaire (MSQ) was used. As the scores obtained from the scale showed normal distribution, Student's t-test was used for the comparison of two groups, and the ANOVA test was used for the comparison of three groups.Results: The mean MSQ total score of the volunteers participating in the study was 89.14. The moral sensitivity level was higher in women in total score, benevolence, and orientation subscale scores (p

الملخص: أهداف البحث: إن الهدف من هذه الدراسة هو استكشاف أنواع الإساءة اللفظية، وتكرارها لدى طلبة التمريض المتدربين وتحديد مدى تفشي الاكتئاب والضغط النفسي والقلق بينهم. طرق البحث: أجريت دراسة مقطعية في مستشفى تعليمي في أحد المناطق الحضرية في المملكة العربية السعودية لجمع البيانات من طلاب التمريض المتدربين باستخدام استبانة الإساءة اللفظية واستبانة الاكتئاب والقلق والضغط النفسي. النتائج: أكمل ٥٤ متدربا الاستبانات، وتعرض ٥٥٪ منهم لنوع واحد من الإساءة اللفظية مرة واحدة على الأقل في العام، و٥٪ تعرضوا لعدة مرات في الأسبوع. التجاهل كان الشكل الأكثر شيوعا من أشكال الإساءة اللفظية بنسبة ٥٠.٨٪، وكان رد الفعل العاطفي الأكثر شيوعا هو الشعور بالقهر بما نسبته ٥١.١٪. بالنسبة لرد الفعل السلوكي، كان ''التوقف عن التحدث إلى الشخص المعتدي'' هو رد الفعل الأكثر تكرارا، والذي يقوم به المتدربون بنسبة ٥٧.٩٪. معظم المتدربين) ٥٩.٣ ٪ (لم يظهروا أي من علامات الاكتئاب، و١٨.٥٪ منهم عانوا من اكتئاب شديد إلى حاد. معظم المتدربين (٧٠.٤٪) لم يعانوا من أي علامات تدل على القلق، ونحو ١١٪ منهم كان لديهم قلق شديد إلى حاد. لم يكن لدى الغالبية (٧٠.٤٪) أي علامات للضغط النفسي، فقط ٥.٦٪ منهم عانوا من التوتر الشديد. الاستنتاجات: الإساءة اللفظية هي مصدر قلق كبير في أماكن التدريب السريري. تحديد مستواها وأشكالها وردود الأفعال أمرا مهما، لا سيما بين ممرضي المستقبل. Abstract: Objective: This study aimed to investigate the forms and frequency of verbal abuse (VA) among nursing student interns and determine the prevalence of psychological disorders (i.e. depression, stress, and anxiety) within this group. Materials and methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in an urban teaching hospital in KSA. Nursing student interns responded to the Verbal Abuse Questionnaire and Depression Anxiety Stress Scales. Results: A total of 54 interns completed the questionnaires; 55% of them had been exposed to one type of VA at least once a year, and 5% of them had experienced VA several times a week. ‘Ignoring’ was the most frequently experienced form of VA (50.8%), and feeling overwhelmed was the most commonly experienced emotional reaction (51.1%) to VA. ‘Stop talking to the abusive person’ was the most frequently reported behavioural reaction to VA (57.9%). Most of them (59.3%) did not report a sign of depression, but 18.5% of them had severe to extremely severe depression. Most interns (70.4%) did not report a sign of anxiety, but approximately 11.1% of them had severe to extremely severe anxiety. A majority (70.4%) of the interns did not report a sign of stress, and only 5.6% of them reported experiencing severe stress. Conclusion: VA is a major problem that is encountered in clinical settings, especially by future nurses. The present findings underscore the need to further examine the levels and forms of VA that are experienced by them and their reactions to such stress-inducing behaviours. الكلمات المفتاحية: الإساءة, المتدرب, الاضطراب النفسي, اللفظية, التمريض, Keywords: Abuse, Intern, Psychological disorder, Stress, Verbal abuse

Almost half of NHS doctors are junior doctors, while high proportions are women and/or Black, Asian, and Minority Ethnic (BAME) individuals. Discrimination against this population is associated with poorer career-related outcomes and unequal representation. We aimed to qualitatively explore junior doctors’ experience of workplace racial and gender-based discrimination, and its impact on their psychological distress (PD). In this study, we carried out a secondary analysis of data from a UK-based parent study about junior doctors’ working cultures and conditions. Interview data was examined using thematic analysis. Transcripts (n = 14) documenting experiences of race and/or gender-based discrimination were sampled and analysed from 21 in-depth interviews conducted with UK junior doctors. Four themes were generated about the experiences and perpetrators of discrimination, the psychological impact of discrimination, and organisational interventions that tackle discrimination. Discrimination in various forms was reported, from racially charged threats to subtle microaggressions. Participants experienced profoundly elevated levels of PD, feeling fearful, undermined, and under-confident. Discrimination is associated with elevated levels of PD, whilst negatively impacting workforce sustainability and retention. This reduces the opportunity for more diversity in NHS medical leadership. We encourage NHS hospitals to review their policies about discrimination and develop in-person workshops that focus on recognising, challenging, and reporting workplace discrimination.

En el presente documento se exponen los argumentos, el desarrollo y resultados esperados del proceso de implementación del plan de mejora o manual de funciones específicas para pasante. Esto, tras haber realizado la práctica profesional dentro de la Cámara de la Industria Automotriz de la Asociación Nacional de Empresarios de Colombia, de ahora en adelante, ANDI. Principal agremiación representante del sector privado de Colombia y reconocida por el Ministerio de Comercio, Industria y Turismo (MinCIT, 2021). Inicialmente se evidencian los aspectos generales de la ANDI, tales como: Misión, Visión, Valores, ubicación geográfica y estructura organizacional. De esta manera, al brindar una conceptualización de las funciones y composición de esta agremiación, en general, se facilita el entendimiento de los beneficios de la aplicación del proyecto dentro de la Cámara de la Industria Automotriz. Sustentando la manera en cómo la contribución al mejoramiento del desempeño del pasante, facilita el aprovechamiento de la visión fresca, disruptiva e intrépida, por la que se caracteriza el talento joven (Confama, 2021), fructuoso en procesos de constante evolución. Además, se expone el procedimiento del proyecto, por medio del planteamiento del objetivo general y los objetivos específicos. Finalmente, se exponen las conclusiones y resultados que traería una primera aplicación de proyecto, junto con una sección de seguimiento de práctica profesional, donde se destacan los logros y experiencia obtenida por el autor durante su pasantía en la Cámara de la Industria Automotriz de la ANDI. This document presents the arguments, development and expected results of the implementation process of the improvement plan or manual of specific functions for interns. This, after having carried out the professional practice within the Chamber of the Automotive Industry of the National Association of Entrepreneurs of Colombia, from now on, ANDI. Main association representing the private sector in Colombia and recognized by the Ministry of Commerce, Industry and Tourism (MinCIT, 2021). Initially, the general aspects of ANDI are evidenced, such as: Mission, Vision, Values, geographic location and organizational structure. In this way, by providing a conceptualization of the functions and composition of this association, in general, the understanding of the benefits of the application of the project within the Chamber of the Automotive Industry is facilitated. Supporting the way in which the contribution to the improvement of the intern's performance, facilitates the use of the fresh, disruptive and intrepid vision, by which young talent is characterized (Confama, 2021), fruitful in processes of constant evolution. In addition, the procedure of the project is exposed, through the approach of the general objective and the specific objectives. Finally, the conclusions and results that a first project application would bring are presented, along with a professional practice follow-up section, where the achievements and experience obtained by the author during his internship at the ANDI Chamber of the Automotive Industry are highlighted. Profesional en Negocios Internacionales http://unidadinvestigacion.usta.edu.co Pregrado

We investigated South African clinical and counselling psychology supervisors’ (n=44) perceptions of supervision training, their supervision experiences, and their perceived competence, confidence and effectiveness in providing supervision. Results indicated that many supervisors prematurely engage in supervision responsibilities and initiate supervision prior to receiving formal training in supervision. With limited regulatory guidelines available on supervision training and practices in South Africa, the findings indicate a need for the South African psychology profession to establish a formal regulatory framework on supervision training and practices. This includes identifying supervision training needs, developing training programmes, and instituting formal training requirements for practitioners who participate in clinical supervision.Significance: The sample of South African clinical and counselling psychologists involved in the supervision of trainee psychologists tended to engage in clinical supervision in advance of obtaining three years of independent clinical practice and prior to receiving appropriate training in providing supervision. There is a need for the Professional Board for Psychology of the Health Professions Council of South Africa (PBP-HPCSA) to appropriately monitor and enforce ethical obligations of psychologists who engage in supervision of trainee psychologists. Psychologists who provide clinical supervision to trainee psychologists ought to take personal responsibility for ensuring that they are appropriately trained and have acquired the necessary competencies to provide supervision before deciding to engage in supervision activities. Formal guidelines and policies regulating clinical supervision are necessary for ensuring psychology supervisors obtain appropriate training in supervision and fulfil mandatory HPCSA accredited supervision training requirements.

Four of Australia’s leading pharmacy schools formed the National Alliance for Pharmacy Education (NAPE) to support the advancement of the pharmacy profession as a critical member of the healthcare team. NAPE builds capacity to design, implement, and evaluate an accredited curriculum framework, learning and assessment strategy, and workplace-integrated learning program for intern pharmacists through a commitment to shared values, collaboration, and engagement with key stakeholders. This article discusses NAPE’s strategies for delivering a consistent, outcomes-driven, accredited pharmacy intern training program (ITP) across Australia. Since the program's commencement 12 years ago, enrolments in the program have increased, accompanied by high completion rates and excellent outcomes. The strategies which underpin the collaboration have been successful in ensuring the program’s quality, consistency, and sustainability. Refereed/Peer-reviewed

Background: Empathy is foundation of the positive physician and patient connection. Physician empathy and the patients' perceived of the physician's empathy can lead to a more positive clinical outcome. Empathy has identified as a main goal of instruct. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study employing a convenience sample of interns and their patients in hospitals in Kashan, Iran, 2018. The Jefferson Scale of Physician Empathy was completed by interns and their patients evaluated by completing the Jefferson Scale of Patient Perceptions of Physician Empathy. Results: The mean score of interns' empathy and the perception of patients' empathy was 72.65 ± 7.99, and 18 ± 3.07, that the mean score of interns' empathy is very low. The gender of interns had no significant effects on their empathy (P = 0.236), and there was no significant relationship between patient's perceived empathy with age (P = 0.3), sex (P = 0.651), and marital status. Statistically significant correlation was found between scores of interns' empathy and patients' perceived empathy (r = 0.49, P = 0.001). According to questionnaire (self-reported), the interns' empathy in surgical ward was significantly higher than the internal medicine wards (P = 0.01). However, according to self-assessment, the interns' empathy in wards was alike (0.08). There was no significant relationship between patients perceived empathy with different wards (0.92). Conclusion: Due to the low empathy score of interns, medical students should be trained on value-based curriculum. Also because the patients' empathy perception in the different wards was alike, the difference of interns' empathy is unimportant. Hence, in the future studies, perceived empathy by patients is more accurate.

Amaç: Türkiye’de ve tüm dünyada tıp eğitiminin daha nitelikli olabilmesi için birçok adım atılmış, çalışmalar yapılmış, değişimler yaşanmıştır. Bu alanda yapılan çalışmalar 1980 yılında başlamış günümüze kadar gelmiştir. Çalışmamızın amacı; tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin, tıp eğitimine bakış açılarının mezuniyet öncesi dönemde öğrenilip tıp eğitim programlarının ilerleyebilmesine katkıda bulunmak, TUS hakkında mevcut güncel görüşleri saptamak ve öğrencilerin branş tercihlerini belirlemektir. Gereç ve Yöntem: Bu çalışmaya 2016-2017 döneminde Aile Hekimliği Ana bilim dalında staj yapan 102 erkek (%56), 80 kız (%44) olmak üzere toplam 182 intern alındı. Araştırma retrospektif bir çalışmadır. Dönem VI öğrencilerinin hepsine hazırlanan anket formları dağıtıldı ve öğrencilere yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile anket uygulandı. Bulgular: Çalışmaya katılan internlerin %44’ü kız (n=80), %56’sı erkekti (n=102). Çalışmamıza katılan tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinin en prestijli olarak gördüğü ve tercih etmeyi düşündükleri bölümler sırasıyla; %15,9 aile hekimliği, %9,9 göz hastalıkları ve %9,3 dermatoloji, diğer %9,3’lük kısmı kulak burun ve boğaz hastalıkları olarak tercihlerini belirtmişlerdir. Sonuç: Vardığımız sonuç hekim ve hekim adaylarının ortak amaçları tıpta uzmanlık sınavını kazanmaktır. Pratisyenliğin tıpta uzmanlık sınavını kazanana dek bir geçiş basamağı olarak düşünülmesi de ilerleyen dönemlerde pratisyen hekim sıkıntısını artıracağını düşündürmektedir. Uzmanlık bölümü seçiminde ise; uzmanlık sınavından alınan puanın, maddi getirinin ön planda olduğu, dahili branşların ilk tercihlerde yer aldığı görülmektedir., Objective: Several studies have been performed, changes have been occured and many steps have been taken in order to provide more qualified medical education worldwide including Turkey. The studies in this field have started in 1980 and have appeared as an issue today. The aim of our study is to help the medical students to generate a new perspectives of medical education before graduation and to contribute to the advancement of medical education programs, to determine current opinions about examination for speciality in medicine and to determine the future expertise preferences of the students. Material and Methods: In this study, during 2016-2017 semester 102 male (56%) and 80 female (44%) interns of Family Medicine Department were included. This investigation has a retrospective design. The questionnaire forms were distributed to all sixth grade students and a questionnaire was applied to the students. Results: 44% (n=80) of the participants were female and 56% (n=102) were male. The most popular sections which have been considered as the most prestigious and have been preferred by the students were; 15.9% family physicians, 9.9% of eye diseases and 9.3% of dermatology, and the other 9.3% of the patients stated their preferences as ear nose and throat diseases. Conclusion: Our study demonstrated that common goals of the physician and physician candidates are to pass the examination of the specialty in medicine. Presuming general practice as a transitional step until passing the specialty examination in medicine suggests that general practitioner shortage may appear in the following periods. The marks obtained from the exam and long-term commercial profits from the specialization field play important role in the preference of specialization. Internal departments have been located in the first preferences.

Bu çalışma, hemşirelik bölümü intörn öğrencilerinin merhamet düzeyleri ve etkileyen faktörlerini belirlemek amacıyla, çalışmaya katılmayı kabul eden 46 hemşirelik intörn öğrencisiyle tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak yapıldı. Veriler sosyo-demogrofik özellikleri içeren soru formu ve Merhamet Ölçeği (MÖ) kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin analizi bilgisayar ortamında; yüzdelik, ortalama, parametrik ve nonparametrik testler kullanılarak yapıldı. Yaş ortalaması 22,46±2,08 olan öğrencilerin %80,4’ü kadın, %58,7’si süper/anadolu lisesi mezunu, %80,4’ü orta gelirli, %63’ü çocukluğunu ilde geçirmiş ve %82,6’sı çekirdek aile yapısına sahiptir. Öğrencilerin MÖ toplam puan ortalaması 4,07±0,54 olup, alt boyut puan ortalamalarının sırasıyla 4,08± 0,82 (sevecenlik), 4,11±0,68 (umursamazlık), 3,80±0,88 (paylaşımların bilincinde olma), 4,22±0,70 (bağlantısızlık), 3,96±0,77 (bilinçli farkındalık) ve 4,26±0,76 (ilişki kesme) olduğu görüldü. Çalışmada, kadınların erkeklere göre MÖ paylaşımların bilincinde olma alt boyutundan daha yüksek puan aldıkları belirlendi. Çocukluğunu il merkezinde geçirenlerin ve arkadaşlarının sorunlarını çözmede aktif rol alanların merhamet düzeylerinin daha iyi olduğu saptandı (p

The endeavor of mankind to sustain life, the inevitable interaction between man and environment, the point that the concept of environment is today, the concept of environment require to be addressed in international dimensions as well as in the national dimension. In addition, many protocols, arrangements and contracts concerning the environment at the international level clearly demonstrate the importance of this issue. Therefore, the steps to be taken in the national sense are also very important for the creation of a globally meaningful whole. The means to be used/used in creating environmental awareness and the environmental policies that are carried out effectively are the main building blocks to provide this integrity. The Stockholm Conference, organized by the United Nations on June 5, 1972, is considered to be the turning point of international policies on environmental issues. This conference, which was attended by the participation of 113 countries, including our country, has proved that it is necessary to seek a global solution to environmental problems as well as to establish a generally accepted platform for environmental issues. It was also recognized as the World Environment Day on June 5th with the declaration issued as the conclusion of the conference. The Environment Day is dedicated to carrying out an important function, such as increasing environmental protection activities and increasing environmental awareness to improve environmental quality. The environmental conception that starts with the Stockholm Conference has become an increasingly important and more comprehensive topic in our country and around the world. For this reason, examined first in Turkey, followed by international environmental practices, legislation and contracts in study.

Treball Final de Grau en Criminologia i Seguretat. Codi: CS1044. Curs acadèmic: 2020/2021 En primer lugar, en este trabajo, se estudia el sistema penitenciario español, su origen, organización y estructura; y para ello, partimos del artículo 25.2 de la Constitución Española (el artículo 1 de la LOGP tiene idéntico contenido), que consagra los principios esenciales del mismo, fundamentalmente la reinserción social del penado, aunque sin olvidar la prevención general y la retribución. Asimismo, en este trabajo se muestra una visión de la actual política criminal española, caracterizada por un modelo populista-punitivo que se traduce en el endurecimiento del Código Penal por parte de los partidos políticos para obtener beneficios electorales, exponiendo para ellos las sucesivas reformas del Código Penal desde su promulgación en 1995 hasta la actualidad. También se proporciona una perspectiva de la situación existente en las instituciones penitenciarias desde la entrada en vigor del Código Penal de 1995 ya que se produjo un crecimiento excesivo de la población penitenciaria en España durante algunos años, situándose entre los países con más personas privadas de libertad de la Unión Europea. El aumento de los internos en prisión se debió principalmente al incremento de las penas impuestas por el Código Penal de 1995 (así como en sus ulteriores reformas) y por el empleo limitado de las penas alternativas a prisión, consecuencias que analizaremos a lo largo del presente trabajo. In the first place, in this work, the Spanish prison system, its origin, organization and structure are studied; and for this, we start from article 25.2 of the Spanish Constitution (article 1 of the LOGP has the same content), which establishes its essential principles, fundamentally the social reintegration of the convicted person, although without forgetting general prevention and retribution. Likewise, this work shows a vision of the current Spanish criminal policy, characterized by a populist-punitive model that translates into the hardening of the Penal Code by political parties to obtain electoral benefits, exposing to them the successive reforms of the Penal Code from its promulgation in 1995 to the present. It also provides a perspective of the existing situation in penitentiary institutions since the entry into force of the 1995 Penal Code came into force, since there was an excessive growth of the prison population in Spain for some years, ranking among the countries with more people deprived of liberty from the European Union. The increase in inmates in prison was mainly due to the increase in penalties imposed by the 1995 Penal Code (as well as its subsequent reforms) and the limited use of alternative penalties to prison, consequences that we will analyze throughout the present job.

Alissara Vanichkulbodee,1,2 Pholaphat Charles Inboriboon,3 Andrew H Balk,2 Jiraporn Sri-on1 1Department of Emergency Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Vajira Hospital, Navamindradhiraj University, Bangkok, Thailand; 2Department of Emergency Medicine, Truman Medical Center, University of Missouri-Kansas City (UMKC) School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, USA; 3Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USACorrespondence: Alissara Vanichkulbodee Email alissara115@gmail.comIntroduction: Point-of-care ultrasonography (POCUS) is increasingly utilized in emergency departments (EDs) throughout Thailand. Although emergency medicine (EM) residents are trained in POCUS, Thai medical students receive limited training. An introductory POCUS course was implemented for medical students to prepare them for internships.Objective: This study described the perception and use of POCUS by graduates of an introductory POCUS course.Materials and Methods: Medical students who completed the POCUS course were surveyed during their intern year from 2012 to 2015. The survey collected demographic characteristics. The Likert Scale was used to assess POCUS practice patterns and perceptions of the course.Results: There were 230 respondents (98% response rate). All thought that POCUS was important. Furthermore, 96% of respondents felt that the POCUS course meaningfully impacted their ability to deliver care. POCUS use was greatest for obstetrics/gynecology and trauma cases. Over half of respondents (55.2%) felt very confident with using extended-Focused Assessment with Sonography in Trauma. Most respondents (81.8%) were positively impacted by the course, and 61.7% were satisfied with the scope of the course. Recommendations for improvement included increasing the course length, the content, and the hands-on time for POCUS practice.Conclusion: Graduates positively perceived the course and felt it dramatically impacted their clinical practice as novice physicians. An introductory POCUS course should be incorporated into the medical school curriculum to prepare graduates for practice. Future goals include increasing the scope of POCUS practice to help guide interns and residents in emergency patient care such as lung ultrasound in COVID-19 or pneumonia patients and studying the impact this course has on patient outcomes.Keywords: eFAST, intern, medical education, point-of-care ultrasound

Amaç: Sağlıklı yaşam biçimi önemli bir kavramdır. Bu çalışma internlerdeağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışları ve ilişkili etmenleri değerlendirmekamacı ile planlandı. Yöntem: Araştırmaya 126 internhekim katıldı. Sosyodemografik özellikleri, ile diğer ilişkili faktörlerisorgulayan 21 soru ve 52 sorudan oluşan, Sağlıklı Yaşam BiçimiDavranışları Ölçeği II (SYBDÖ II) içeren anket yüz yüze uygulandı.Veriler SPSS 17.0 ile analiz edildi. Bulgular: Öğrencilerin %56,7’sierkekti. %47,6’sı sağlığını oldukça iyi algılamakta %17,5’i düzenlifiziksel egzersiz yapmakta, %13,6’sı düzenli sigara içmekteydi SYBDÖII toplam puan ortalaması 124,6±17,1 idi. Alt ölçek puanlarındaen yüksek ortalama(±StandartSapma) 24,6(±4,2) manevi gelişimde,en düşük ortalama 16,6(±3,6) fiziksel aktiviteydi. Çoklu modelanalizinde; düzenli egzersiz yapmak, ana öğünü atlamamak pozitifyönde, sağlık algısının “iyinin altında” olması, düzenli sigara içiciolma negatif yönde (p

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Context Work readiness is often described in terms of the clinical competence medical graduates bring to day 1 of internship. Despite being increasingly viewed as a key graduate outcome, work readiness has remained poorly defined. Objective This narrative review draws on the international literature to explore how different research methods provide differing insight into what constitutes work readiness of medical graduates. From this, we explored contributory factors and developed a conceptual framework to better understand work readiness. Methods Databases were searched using the terms including “ready,” “readiness,” “preparedness,” “medical graduates,” “intern,” and “junior doctor.” Information was summarized using a textual description template that included information on study setting, participants, methodologies, limitations, and key result areas (including measures/themes and study conclusions). Consensus discussions between authors led to the naming and understanding of the key themes. Results Seventy studies were included in the review. Study participants included final‐year medical students (n = 20), junior doctors early in internship (n = 24), and junior doctors late in internship or postgraduate year 2 and above (n = 23). Most studies explored work readiness through the retrospective self‐report of the students and/or junior doctor participants. Quantitative research methods elaborated on key skills‐based competencies, whereas qualitative research methods provided insight into key contextual and individual characteristics that contributed to preparedness. Conclusions Different research methods provided insight into competencies, as well as individual and contextual aspects, associated with preparedness for practice. The transition from university to clinical practice is significant and requires personal capability and confidence, as well as a supportive training context. Enabling students to engage authentically in clinical environments enhanced preparedness by promoting understanding of role and responsibility. Individual resilience is important, but contextual factors, including provision of adequate support and feedback, can enhance or subtract from feeling prepared. We propose a novel conceptual framework for better understanding work readiness., Our article reviews the literature on work readiness, or preparedness, for the first year of work as a junior doctor. We explored contributory factors and provide a novel framework for understanding work readiness related to the individual as well as education and training environments. We discuss work readiness in light of greater understanding of the pedagogy of transition.

Background In South Korea, most graduated medical students undertake a 1-year internship before beginning residency and specialization. Interns usually work in a tertiary hospital and rotate between different, randomly assigned departments to be exposed to different medical specialties. Their jobs are mostly simple and repetitive but are still essential for the patient care process. However, owing to the lack of experience and overwhelming workload, interns at tertiary hospitals in South Korea are usually inefficient, often delaying the entire clinical process. Health care providers have widely adopted mobile electronic medical records (mEMRs) as they have been shown to improve workflow efficiency. Objective This study investigates the association between the frequency of mEMR usage and the clinical task completion interval time among interns in a tertiary hospital. Methods This mixed methods study was conducted at the Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea. Interns who worked at the Samsung Medical Center from March 2018 to February 2019 were included. The hospital electronic medical record (EMR) system known as DARWIN (Data Analysis and Research Window for Integrated kNowledge) was launched with PC and mobile. Both versions are actively used in hospitals by personnel in various positions. We collected the log data from the mEMR server and the intern clinical task time-series data from the EMR server. Interns can manage the process of identifying patients, assigning the clinical task, finishing the requested clinical intern tasks, etc, through the use of the mEMR system. We compared the clinical task completion interval among 4 groups of interns divided by the mEMR frequency quantile. Then, System Usability Score (SUS) questionnaires and semistructured interviews were conducted. Results The regular mEMR users were defined as those who logged in more than once a day on average and used the mEMR until the level after login. Among a total of 87 interns, 84 used the mEMR to verify the requested clinical tasks. The most frequently used item was “Intern task list.” Analysis of the 4 intern groups revealed an inverse relationship between the median time of the task completion interval and the frequency of mEMR use. Correlation analysis showed that the intern task completion time interval had a significant inverse relationship with the individual frequency of mEMR usage (coefficient=-0.27; 95% CI -0.46 to -0.04; P=.02). In the additional survey, the mean SUS value was 81.67, which supported the results of the data analysis. Conclusions Our findings suggest that frequent mEMR use is associated with improved work efficiency in hospital interns with good usability of the mEMR. Such finding supports the idea that the use of mEMR improves the effectiveness and workflow efficiency of interns working in hospitals and, more generally, in the context of health care.

No abstract available. Article truncated after 150 words. On March 10, 2017, the Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) announced revisions to its common program requirements related to duty hours (1). Effective on July 1, 2017, the most important change will be an increase in the maximum consecutive hours that an intern may work. Interns will now be able to continuously perform patient care work up to a maximum of 24 hours with an additional 4 hours for managing care transitions. This reverses the controversial reduction to 16 hours that occurred in 2011 (2). The regulation of house staff duty hours formally began in the late 1980s. It was precipitated largely because of the publicity resulting from the 1984 death of Libby Zion in a New York teaching hospital that was attributed partly to poor decisions made by fatigued and overworked house staff (3). Consequently, the state of New York in 1989 passed laws restricting the …

It was the middle of March when we were two weeks into our clinical rotation and just started to get the hang of the new hospital. When one morning after reaching the hospital and finishing our patient rounds and notes, we received a frantic message from our co-rotator, mentioning all clinical rotations for MD students have been suspended due to COVID-19, according to the new AMA guidelines. We immediately booked our flight tickets and flew back to Mumbai.

This discursive article considers models and types of internships internationally and how particular models can be used as a strategic tool to shape effective university-industry partnerships. It argues why research into the nature, purpose and impact of internships in industry partnerships is urgently required.

Bu araştırmanın amacı Anadolu Meslek Liselerinin son sınıflarında işletmelerde beceri eğitimi yapan Bilişim Teknolojileri öğrencilerinin işletmelerde karşılaştıkları sorunlar, okul ile işletme arasındaki ilişkiler, koordinatör öğretmenin staj eğitimindeki iş ve işlemleri ve çözüm önerilerini gündeme getirmektir. Araştırma için anket çalışmasına başlamadan önce, literatür taraması yapılarak mevcut durum ve uyulması gereken yönetmelikler belirlenmiştir. Literatür taramasının ardından öğrencilerin sorunları ve çözüm önerilerini tespit etmek amacıyla anket hazırlanmıştır. Anket 2019 - 2020 eğitim ve öğretim yılında halen staj yapan 367 öğrenciye uygulanmıştır. Araştırmada ilişkisel tarama modeli kullanılmıştır. Örneklemi 2019-2020 eğitim- öğretim yılında İstanbul İlinin Ataşehir İlçesinde bulunan Dr. Nureddin ERK - Perihan ERK Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesi, İbrahim Müteferrika Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesi ve Nuri Cıngıllıoğlu Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Lisesinde okuyan Bilişim Teknoloji Alanının Veritabanı Programcılığı Dalı, Web Programcılığı Dalı ve Ağ İşletmenliği Dalının 367stajyer öğrencisi oluşturmaktadır.Veriler, 2006 - 2007 eğitim ve öğretim yılında Mahmut Sami DEMİRCİ tarafından geliştirilen anket formu ile toplanmıştır. Anket Kocaeli İlinin Gebze İlçesinde uygulanmıştır. Yazar tarafından güvenirlik ve geçerlilik testleri yapılmıştır ve meslek liseleri tarafından da kullanılmaktadır.Anket aracılığı ile elde edilen veriler SPSS 22.0 programında çözümlenmiştir.Analizlerde betimsel istatistikler, t- Testi, Anova analizleri kullanılmıştır. Elde edilen bulgulara göre; işletmelerde beceri eğitimi yapan öğrencilerin büyük bir kısmının alanıyla ilgili yerlerde staj yaptığı fakat az sayıda işletmenin okulda eğitim aldığı dala uygun olmadığı anlaşılmıştır. Bilhassa kız stajyer öğrencilerin çoğunun kamu kurum ve kuruluşlarında staj yaptığı ve özel işletmelerde staj yapanların çalışma koşullarının biraz ağır olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Öğrencilerin işletmelerde beceri eğitimi sırasında ilgili kanun ve yönetmeliklerle kendilerine verilen hakları yeterince bilmedikleri ve kullanamadıkları ortaya çıkmıştır. Haftanın üç gününün işletmelerde geçmesinin, iki gününün okulda geçmesinin ve işletmelerde beceri eğitiminin eğitim - öğretim yılında yapılmasının isabet olduğu anlaşılmıştır. Okul ile işletmeler arasında az oranda uyuşmazlık olduğu ve okul - işletme işbirliğinin az olduğu, stajyer öğrencilerin maddi olarak sıkıntı görmedikleri tespit edilmiştir. Koordinatör öğretmenlerinin görevlerini tam olarak ifa etmedikleri ve gelişim tablolarının işletmelerin niteliklerine büyük oranda uyum sağladığı, genel olarak staj yapılan işletmelerin küçük ölçekli olup yazılımdan ziyade donanım ağırlıklı iş yaptıkları anlaşılmıştır. İşletmelerde beceri eğitiminin stajyer öğrencinin okulda tüm eğitim - öğretim yılı boyunca aldıkları teorik ve pratik eğitimin pekiştirilmesi, işletmeler hakkında genel bilgilere sahip olmaları, mezun olduktan sonra iş hayatına zemin hazırlama, işletmelerin prosedürlerini öğrenme vb. avantajları da anlaşılmıştır. Bilişim sektörü firmaları, hizmetleri ile ülke ekonomisine maddi gelir ve istihdam açısından önemli katkılar sağlamaktadır. Bilişim teknolojileri alanı altında, ağ işletmenliği, bilgisayar teknik servisi, veri tabanı programcılığı ve web programcılığı dallarında öğretim programları hazırlanmıştır. Türkiye’de bilişim sektöründe bu dalların öğretim programlarının hazırlanarak eğitimine başlanması ile sektörde yıllardır süregelen eğitim açığını giderecek önemli bir girişim olacağı düşünülmektedir. Bilişim Teknolojileri Alanı Çerçeve Öğretim Programı’nın hazırlanmasında, Millî Eğitim Bakanlığında görevli uzman ve alan öğretmenleri, sektör temsilcileri, üniversiteden alan uzmanları ve meslek elemanları ile işbirliği içinde çalışılmıştır. Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Liselerinin son sınıflarında okuyan öğrenciler mesleki yeterlilik ve tecrübe açısından haftanın üç günü alanıyla ilgili işletmelerde staj yapmaktadır. İş dünyasında en prestijli meslek Bilişim Teknolojileri mesleğidir. Günümüzde bu mesleğin eleman ihtiyacının büyük bir kısmını Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Liselerinden karşılanmaktadır. Bilişim mesleğinde başarılı olmak, ancak okullardaki iyi bir teorik eğitimin akabinde kaliteli bir stajyerlik eğitimi ile mümkündür. Stajyerlik iş dünyasında gerçekleşen bir süreçtir. İş dünyasının okuldan farklı bir ortam olması nedeniyle, stajyer öğrenciler bu aşamada birçok problem yaşamaktadırlar. Bu çalışmada, Mesleki ve Teknik Anadolu Liselerinde Bilişim Teknolojileri eğitimi alan öğrencilerin stajyerlikteki karşılaştıkları problemler tespit edilip, bu problemlere makul çözüm önerilerinde bulunulacaktır., The aim of this research is to bring up the problems faced by Information Technology students who have been training skills in the last years of Anatolian Vocational High Schools, the relationships between the school and the business, the work and operations of the coordinator teacher in internship education and solution suggestions.Before starting the survey for the research, the current situation and the regulations to be followed were determined by scanning the literature.After the literature review, a questionnaire was prepared in order to identify the problems and solution suggestions of the students. The questionnaire was applied to 367 students who are still doing their internship in 2019-2020 academic year. Relational screening model was used in the research. Its sample is in Ataşehir district of Istanbul province in 20192020 academic year. Nureddin ERK - Perihan ERK Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School, İbrahim Müteferrika Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School and Nuri Cıngıllıoğlu Vocational and Technical Anatolian High School's Database Programming Branch, Web Programming Branch and Network Management Branch are 367 students. The data were collected through a questionnaire developed by Mahmut Sami DEMİRCİ in the 2006-2007 academic year. The survey was applied in Gebze District of Kocaeli Province Reliability and validity tests have been performed by the author and are also used by vocational high schools. The data obtained through the survey were analyzed in SPSS 22.0 program. Descriptive statistics, t-test and Anova analyzes were used in the analysis. According to the findings; It is understood that the majority of the students who do skill training in enterprises do internships in the fields related to their field, but the business is not suitable for the branch they study at school.Especially, it was determined that most of the female students do internships in public institutions and organizations and those who do internships in private enterprises are heavy. It was revealed that the students did not know and use the rights given to them with the relevant laws and regulations during the skill training in the enterprises. It has been understood that three days of the week is spent in enterprises, two days are spent in school and skill education is done in the academic year. It has been determined that there is a small amount of conflict between the school and the enterprises, and there is little cooperation between the school and the enterprises, and the intern students do not have financial difficulties. It is understood that the coordinator teachers do not perform their duties fully and that the development tables adapt to the qualities of the enterprises in general, and the internship firms are generally small and do hardware rather than software. Strengthening the theoretical and practical education of the trainee student in the school during all the education and training years, having general information about the enterprises, preparing the ground for business life after graduation, learning the procedures of the enterprises, etc. the advantages are also understood. IT sector companies make important contributions to the national economy in terms of financial income and employment with their services. Under the information technologies field, training programs have been prepared in the fields of network management, computer technical service, database programming and web programming. Turkey in the IT industry in the sector to begin preparing the training curriculum of this branch will be a major training initiative to eliminate the deficit is considered ongoing for many years. In the preparation of the Information Technologies Framework Curriculum, in cooperation with experts and field teachers, sector representatives, university experts and professors from the Ministry of Education. Students studying in the last years of Vocational and Technical Anatolian High Schools are doing internships in the businesses related to their field three days a week in terms of professional competence and experience. The most prestigious profession in the business world is the Information Technologies profession. Being successful in the informatics profession is possible only after a good theoretical education in schools with a quality internship education. Internship is a process that takes place in the business world. Since the business world is a different environment than the school, trainee students have many problems at this stage. In this study, the problems faced by students who receive Information Technology education in Vocational and Technical Anatolian High Schools will be identified and reasonable solutions will be offered to these problems.

La tasa de encarcelamiento en España es una de las más elevadas de Europa, sin embargo, el sistema penitenciario español, se proclama en la Constitución de 1978 y en su normativa específica como un sistema orientado a la reeducación y rehabilitación del penado. Por lo que el objetivo de este trabajo está en comprobar la vida en prisión, y el tratamiento penitenciario que garantiza la reinserción del ex encarcelado a su salida de prisión. Para ello, parto de la idea de los orígenes de la prisión como concepto de transformación del individuo, para luego analizar los centros penitenciarios en España, su organización y sus actividades llevadas a cabo en ellos. Donde se podrá observar los obstáculos que presenta la aplicación de tratamientos específicos a los reclusos, y lo más importante el problema que presenta la prisión como centro de privación de la libertad, resultando una de-socialización de la persona interna, con dificultades de inclusión en la sociedad a la salida de prisión. La taxa d'empresonament a Espanya és una de les més elevades d'Europa, no obstant això, el sistema penitenciari espanyol, es proclama en la Constitució de 1978 i en la seva normativa específica com un sistema orientat a la reeducació i rehabilitació del penat. Pel que l'objectiu d'aquest treball està a comprovar la vida a la presó, i el tractament penitenciari que garanteix la reinserció de l'ex empresonat a la seva sortida de presó. Per a això, part de la idea dels orígens de la presó com a concepte de transformació de l'individu, per a després analitzar els centres penitenciaris a Espanya, la seva organització i les seves activitats dutes a terme en ells. On es podrà observar els obstacles que presenta l'aplicació de tractaments específics als reclusos, i el més important el problema que presenta la presó com a centre de privació de la llibertat, resultant una de-socialització de la persona interna, amb dificultats d'inclusió en la societat a la sortida de presó. The rate of incarceration in Spain is one of the highest in Europe, however, the Spanish prison system was proclaimed in the 1978 Constitution, and its specific regulations as a system were aimed at the re-education and rehabilitation of the prisoner. Therefore, the objective of this work is to verify life in prison, and the prison treatment that guarantees the reintegration of the inmate upon their release from prison. To do this, I'll begin with the idea of the origins of prison as a concept for rehabilitation of the individual and later, analyze the penitentiary centers in Spain, their organization, and the activities carried out in them. Where possible, I'll observe the obstacles presented by the application of specific treatments to inmates, and most importantly, the problem presented by the prison as a center of deprivation of liberty that results in a de-socialization of the person with difficulties of inclusion into society upon release from prison.

Pek çok yönetim uygulaması gibi mentorluk da kendisini değişen şartlara göre yeniden düzenlemektedir. Tersine mentorluk, bilişim teknolojilerinin gelişmesi, çalışma koşullarının farklılaşması, iş hayatına giren yeni kuşakların önceki kuşaklardan farklı beklentilere sahip olması gibi sebeplerle yeni bir mentorluk anlayışı olarak ortaya çıkmıştır. Bu çalışmada tersine mentorluğa ilişkin izler taşıdığı düşünülen ve 2015 yılında gösterime girmiş olan The Intern (Stajyer) filmi incelenmiştir. Filmin başrolleri arasındaki ilişki tersine mentorluk işlev ve alt işlevleri bağlamında ele alınmıştır. Nitel araştırma yöntemleri benimsenerek yürütülen çalışmada analiz tekniği olarak betimsel analiz tercih edilmiştir. Yapılan analiz ile birlikte; bilgi paylaşımı, açığa çıkarma ve görünürlük, meydan okuma ve zorluklar, sosyal ağlar, kabul ve onaylama, arkadaşlık, cesaretlendirme ve rol model alt işlevlerinin filmde işlendiği sonucuna ulaşılmıştır. Koçluk, yetenek gelişimi ile destek ve geribildirim alt işlevlerinin ise filmde yer almadığı görülmüştür., Like many management practices, mentoring reorganizes itself according to changing circumstances. Reverse mentoring has emerged as a new mentoring mentality due to the development of information technologies, differentiation of working conditions and the fact that new generations entering the business life have different expectations from previous generations. The Intern (The Intern) as a movie which was thought to have traces of reverse mentoring and was released in 2015, was examined in the study. The relationship between the starring characters of the film is discussed in the context of reverse mentoring functions and sub-functions. Qualitative research methods were adopted and descriptive analysis was used as the analysis technique. With the analysis functions of knowledge sharing, exposure and visibility, challenging ideas, social networks, acceptance and confirmation, friendship, affirmation and encouragement and role model have been concluded in the film. Coaching, support and feedback with skill development functions were not included in the film.

Objective: to evaluate the impact of restricting duty hours on anaesthesia and intensive care residents’ quality of life, quality of education and quality of care. Method: an electronic article search was conducted in the medical literature in three databases: Medline, Embase and Cochrane. The inclusion criteria were a population of residents rotating in anaesthesia, resuscitation or emergency medicine with duties including nights. The studies had to evaluate the impact of restricting duty hours on the quality of life of the residents, and/or the residents’ education and/or the quality of care. The quality of the articles was evaluated using the Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument score (MERSQI). A qualitative analysis was performed. Results: of the 1604 articles identified, the final number of articles included in the systematic review was sixteen. Eight studies in total evaluated the impact of restricting duty hours on education. Two studies find a better quality of education after the implementation of the restricted duty hours. Naps during teaching and the attendance at educational activities were significantly reduced with the restricted duty hours. All the study results showed an improvement in the residents’ quality of life after restricting duty hours.Conclusion: regarding their education, residents are generally satisfied with the implementation of restricted duty hours. The study shows an improved state of health among residents with less fatigue and burnout.; Objectif : évaluer le retentissement de la diminution des heures de garde des internes d’anesthésie-réanimation sur leur qualité de vie, la qualité de leur formation et la qualité des soins. Méthode : une recherche électronique d’articles a été réalisée dans la littérature médicale au sein de trois bases de données : Medline, Embase et Cochrane. Les critères d’inclusion étaient une population d’internes exerçant en anesthésie, en réanimation ou en médecine d’urgence avec une activité de garde la nuit. Les études devaient évaluer le retentissement de la diminution de la durée des gardes sur la qualité de vie de l’interne, et/ou la formation de l’interne et/ou la qualité des soins. La qualité des articles a été évaluée en utilisant le score Medical Education Research Study Quality Instrument (MERSQI). Une analyse qualitative a été réalisée. Résultats : sur les 1604 articles identifiés, le nombre final d’articles inclus dans la revue systématique était de seize. Huit études au total ont évalué le retentissement de la réduction des heures de garde sur la formation des internes. Deux études retrouvent une meilleure qualité de la formation après la mise en place de la réduction des heures de garde. L’endormissement en cours et la présence aux activités de formation est significativement diminuée après la réduction des heures de garde des internes. Tous les résultats des études retrouvent une amélioration de la qualité de vie des internes après la réduction des heures de garde. Conclusion : concernant leur formation, les internes sont globalement satisfaits de la diminution des heures de garde. L’étude montre également un état de santé des internes amélioré avec moins de fatigue et de burn-out.

Introduction Promoting resilience is key during intern year as residents transition to becoming clinical providers. Residents consistently demonstrate a decline in empathy and an increase in burnout throughout training. Interventions involving mindfulness, stress management, and small-group discussions can reduce burnout. We created a curriculum to normalize the intern experience and provide debriefing opportunities to further improve resilience and decrease burnout. Methods Thirty-two interns met monthly, one-on-one, with a pediatric chief resident to discuss personal, professional, and emotional well-being and complete just-in-time resilience exercises. After 6 and 12 months, we conducted follow-up surveys containing 5-point Likert questions and open-ended questions to determine interns' perceptions of the initiative. Results We obtained response rates of 44% (14 interns) and 38% (12 interns) for the 6- and 12-month surveys, respectively. Interns found the sessions helpful for normalizing the intern experience (6 months: 4.6 ± 0.7, 12 months: 4.8 ± 0.5), stress management (6 months: 4.0 ± 1.0, 12 months: 4.3 ± 0.7), and feeling connected to program leadership (6 months: 4.6 ± 0.9, 12 months: 5.0 ± 0.0). Thematic analysis identified normalizing the intern experience, ability to express concerns, and mentorship as benefits. Discussion Normalization of the intern experience and targeted wellness and resilience exercises can have a positive impact on interns' satisfaction with program support for their well-being. Through a time-limited intervention, chief residents can be utilized in a mentorship role that is well received by interns and rewarding for the chief residents.

Amaç-Türkiye’demuhasebe kelimesini duyduğumuzda ilk akla gelen devlet, vergi ve paradır.Muhasebe işlerini yürüten kişiler de muhasebecilerdir. Muhasebecinin unvanının;Serbest Muhasebeci, Mali Müşavir veya Yeminli Mali Müşavir olmasının bir önemiyoktur. Sadece muhasebecidir. Muhasebeci her ay hizmet karşılığı ücret alır,bundan dolayı müşteri muhasebecisini elemanı gibi görür ve herhangi bir vergiödemesi çıkmasını istemez. Bir vergi ödemesi çıkarsa bunun sorumlusunumuhasebeci olarak görür ve kendisini zarara uğrattığını düşünür.Yöntem- Bir meslekmensubu bu unvanlara sahip olabilmek için birçok aşamadan geçerek, yetkinlikkazanır. Muhasebe meslek mensupları üç guruba ayrılırken, bu üç gurubun yasalunvanları Serbest Muhasebeci, Serbest Muhasebeci Mali Müşavir ve Yeminli MaliMüşavirdir.(SM, SMMM, ve YMM)Bulgular-Üniversiteeğitiminden başlayarak, stajyerlik, sonrasında yeterlik sınavları ve ruhsatalma süreci sonunda acaba meslek mensupları hak ettikleri saygınlığıgörebiliyor mu? Meslek mensupları geçmişten günümüze, mesleki anlamında kendinigeliştirmektedir. 1993 yılında Tek Düzen Muhasebe sisteminin yürürlüğe girmesi,bilgisayarlarlı muhasebe sistemlerinin yaygınlaşmasıyla birlikte, bu meslek daha da teknik bir yapıyageçmiştir. Sonuç- Meslek mensupları müşterilerine iyi hizmet verirken,aynı zamanda devlet ile aralarında adil bir köprü görevi de üslenmektedir. Busüreçlerde yaşanılan zorluklar, mücadeleler ve çözüm yolları, kadın meslekmensuplarının mesleğe katılımı, kadın olarak yaşadıkları zorluklar ve katkılarımerak konusudur. 100 meslek mensubu ile yapılan bir anket ile bu sorularav-cevap aranmıştır., Purpose- The first state that comes to mind when we hear the word accounting inTurkey, is a tax and money. Accounting persons are also accountants. The titleof the accountant; It does not matter whether he/she is a Public Accountant orCertified Public Accountant. He/She is just an accountant. The accountantreceives a monthly fee for the service, so the client considers the accountantto be an employee and does not require any tax payment. If a tax paymentarises, he considers it responsible as an accountant and thinks that he hasharmed himself.Methodolgy- In order to obtain these titles, a professional membergoes through many stages and gains competence. While the professionalaccountants are divided into three groups, the legal titles of these threegroups are Independent Accountant, Certified Public Accountant and CertifiedPublic Accountant (SM, SMMM, and YMM).Findings- Can the members of the profession see the dignity they deserve, startingfrom university education, internship, after the proficiency exams and at theend of the licensing process? Members of the profession have developedthemselves in the professional sense from the past to the present. With theintroduction of the Uniform Accounting system in 1993 and the spread ofcomputerized accounting systems, this profession has become more technical.Conclusion- While the members of theprofession provide good services to their customers, they also act as a fairbridge between the state and them. The difficulties, struggles and solutions inthese processes, the participation of women professionals in the profession,the difficulties they face as women and their contributions are of curiosity. Aquestionnaire was conducted with 100 professionals and the answers to therelated issues were sought.

65 p., En este documento se muestran los trabajos realizados durante los 5 meses de pasantía, en la cual se efectuó un apoyo técnico - administrativo en la sección técnica (S-10) del BATALLÓN DE INGENIEROS N°5 “CR FRANCISCO JOSE DE CALDAS” BICAL, cuya sede principal está ubicada en la ciudad de Bucaramanga, Santander. Esta labor fue ejecutada dentro de las instalaciones de la Segunda División del Ejército Nacional de Colombia, el cual tiene como misión preservar el orden en la jurisdicción asignada y complementada con otras actividades como mantenimiento de instalaciones propias y trabajos de infraestructura para mejorar la calidad de vida de la comunidad. Dentro de las tareas realizadas se destacaron: reconocimientos y avalúos del estado de las estructuras de distintas unidades, como las del BITER, BAGAL y BICAL; realización de paquetes técnicos los cuales incluyen el informe de reconocimiento, planos de las instalaciones, presupuestos y memorias de cálculo; por otro lado, calcular las cantidades de obra de los distintos proyectos que se están ideando, para así verificar su viabilidad y factibilidad con el fin de ser ejecutados. Todo esto se realiza siguiendo la normativa legal vigente, como la NSR 10, norma sanitaria para el funcionamiento de restaurantes y servicios afines y las bases de datos del ejército nacional. Con la presente pasantía se alcanzaron resultados positivos, no solamente de carácter técnico-administrativo, sino que también obtuvieron componentes personales y actitudinales los cuales serán de gran valor en el ejercicio de la profesión, tales como la responsabilidad, compromiso, disciplina y trabajo en equipo., Tactical unit, business practice, intern, recognition, budget, calculation memory, Battalion, Brigade, maintenance squad, BITER, BAGAL, BICAL. Description: This document shows the work done during 5 months of the internship, in which technical - administrative support was carried out in the technical section (S-10) of BATALLÓN DE INGENIEROS N ° 5 "CR FRANCISCO JOSÉ DE CALDAS" BICAL which is located in Bucaramanga, this job was carried out within the facilities of the Second Division of the Colombian National Army, which has the task of preserving order in the assigned jurisdiction, and completed with other activities such as maintenance of own facilities and infrastructure works to improve the quality of life of the community. Among the activities carried out, the following stood out: recognitions and appraisals of the state of the structures of different unit, like those of the BITER, BAGAL and BICAL; realization of technical packages that include the recognition report, facilities blueprints, budget and calculation reports; calculate work quantities of the different projects that are being planned, in order to verify its feasibility and feasibility in order to be executed. All this is done following the current legal regulations, such as the NSR 10, sanitary standard for the operation of restaurants and related services, and databases of the national army. With this internship, positive results were achieved, not only of a technical-administrative nature, but also had personal and attitudinal components that will be of great value in the exercise of the profession, such as responsibility, commitment, discipline and teamwork., Pregrado, Ingeniero(a) Civil, 1.Resumen ................................................................................................................................ XI 2.Abstract ...............................................................................................................................XIII 3.Introducción .......................................................................................................................... 16 4.Objetivos ............................................................................................................................... 17 4.1. Objetivo General ........................................................................................................... 17 4.2. Objetivos Específicos .................................................................................................... 17 5.Marco Teórico ....................................................................................................................... 18 5.1. Presentación Del Sitio De Trabajo ................................................................................ 18 5.1.1. Visión ..................................................................................................................... 18 5.1.2. Misión .................................................................................................................... 18 5.1.3. Reseña histórica ..................................................................................................... 19 5.1.4. Organigrama (S-10) ............................................................................................... 22 6. Marco Conceptual ................................................................................................................ 24 6.1. Aspectos Generales de Batallón .................................................................................... 24 6.2. Definición de Términos ................................................................................................. 24 7. Marco Legal ......................................................................................................................... 26 8. Metodología ......................................................................................................................... 28 8.1. Generalidades ................................................................................................................ 28 8.2. Desarrollo de la Práctica ............................................................................................... 30 8.2.1. Proyecto 1: Paquete técnico del proyecto de mantenimiento del rancho de tropa del Batallón de instrucción, entrenamiento y rentrenamiento N°5 Andrés María rosillo........... 30 8.2.2. Proyecto 2. Visita técnica a los alojamientos y control de obra al mantenimiento de la capilla, y construcción de placa huellas del batallón de artillería N°5 “CT José Antonio Galán”. .................................................................................................................................. 40 8.2.3. Proyecto 3: Monumento en memoría de héroes y soldados caidos en combate. .. 47 8.2.4. Proyecto 4: Mantenimiento de la batería sanitaria, compañía ASPC del "BICAL"................................................................................................................................................ 49 8.2.5. Proyecto 5: Presupuesto para mantenimiento del alojamiento de instrucción del Batallón BICAL, donado por la Alcaldia Mesa de los Santos. ............................................. 50 8.2.6. Proyecto 6: Propuestas para adecuación y/o diseño de la guardia del Batallón N°5 “CR. Francisco José de Caldas”............................................................................................ 53 8.2.7. Proyecto 7: Relación de instalaciones según grado de deterioro del BICAL ........ 56 8.2.8. Proyecto 8: Seguimiento y registro fotográfico de remodelación y mantenimiento del área de transportes del BICAL. ....................................................................................... 57 8.2.9. Proyecto 8: Modelamiento de placa para realizar ejercicio. .................................. 60 9. Resultados y Análisis de Resultados .................................................................................... 61 10. Conclusiones ...................................................................................................................... 63 11. Recomendaciones ............................................................................................................... 64 12.Referencias Bibliográficas .................................................................................................. 65 13. Anexos ................................................................................................................................ 66, Ej. 1

Résumé : Introduction : Le stage hospitalier pour un interne en médecine est un lieu ou les connaissances sont mises en pratiques et où de nouveaux aspects sont acquis. Notre objectif était d’évaluer l’encadrement d’un interne de Psychiatrie en phase socle au CREDAH au centre hospitalier Charles Perrens à Bordeaux. Méthode : Nous avons tout d’abord décrit l’enseignement prévu. Nous avons ensuite élaborer un questionnaire sur le stage. Ce questionnaire a été rempli en auto-évaluation, en évaluation par l’étudiant et en évaluant par un pair enseignant. Nous avons réalisé sur les réponses à ce questionnaire une analyse numérique de texte. Résultats : L’interne devait être encadré par 2 seniors universitaires. Il devait réaliser des bilans diagnostiques des troubles neurodéveloppementaux. La finalité du stage devait être la maîtrise de cette pratique. L’encadrement devait se faire à travers une supervision, des cours et des présentations faites par les internes. Le contrôle devait se faire lors des présentations des cas, par le visionnage d’une vidéo d’une consultation et par l’observation directe d’un rendu diagnostic. Malgré des perturbations et des éléments non complètement réalisé comme le contrôle des connaissances, l’encadrement est globalement jugé comme satisfaisant et adapté. L’analyse numérique démontre des points de vue différents avec des thématiques diversement abordées. Discussion : L’encadrement a été jugé globalement adapté avec des points améliorables. Il peut servir de base à la réflexion sur l’encadrement des internes dans des stages en consultation. Abstract: Introduction : In hospital internships, medical interns apply their knowledges and learn new things. Our aim was to assess the supervision of a new intern in the CREDAH department at Charles Perrens hospitals in Bordeaux. Method : At first, we described the planned supervision. Next, we created an assessment questionnary for the placement. This questionnary has been completed in self-evaluation, in student-evaluation and by a peer teacher. On the questionnary returns we applied a text mining analysis. Results : The intern should be supervised by two seniors. He should perform a diagnostic assessment of neuro-development disorders. The placement finality should be the proficiency of this assessment. The supervision should consist in discussion on cases, lessons and oral presentation by interns. The knowledges check should consist in the viewing of the video of a consultation, the cases presentation and the observation of a diagnostic restitution. Despite disturbances and items not fully completed, the supervision is considered as adequate and satisfying in its entirety. Text mining shown different point of view and topics covered variously. Discussion : The supervision has been found to be generally appropriate. It can be used as a basis for thinking about interns int placement with consultations., Mémoire dans le cadre du diplôme universitaire de pédagogie des sciences de la santé ; Université de Bordeaux ; année 2017-2018

Every day a number of people from the heart stops beating for most of them that this early cessation of heartbeat. With operations of CPR in 4 to 6 minutes of cardiopulmonary arrest and before the onset of brain death can be established circulation and survival for patients with the death of 2 to 4 folds. The aim of this study was to Comparison of knowledge of medical and paramedical intern about of CPCR, 2015. This descriptive analytical and sampling method was census. Restore their data using a standard questionnaire with Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.82 .Spss20 data using statistical software analysis and descriptive statistics and Chi-square test was used. The mean score of 3/6 students that showed poor knowledge of students participating in the study. The lowest score of zero and the highest score was 12. Was found between gender and level of knowledge (p=0/05). Between education and the knowledge of the relationship was not statistically significant (p=0/764). The knowledge of medical and paramedical students groups scheduled for next semester as part of the treatment system personnel are working poor and require special attention in order to provide guidelines for planning authorities to increase the awareness of students.

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude and practice of prescription writing among interns in medical college. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among the interns in a Medical College, after taking approval from the Institutional Ethics Committee. Participants were asked to write prescription for a common ailment in a given prescription blank page. A structured questionnaire was designed based on new Medical Council of India (MCI) prescription writing pattern to analyse the prescription. The data was analysed using descriptive statistics. Results: Among 84 interns, most of the participants had written the drug by generic name (95.2%) and have signed in the prescription sheet (98%). None of them were aware of the latest prescription writing pattern recommended by Medical Council of India (MCI). The writing of generic name in capital letter was not done by 97.6% of interns. Conclusion: Our study concluded that interns were not aware of new Medical Council of India (MCI) prescription writing pattern. Majority of interns have made errors while writing the prescription. Thus there is a need for regular formal education regarding prescription writing, before the start of internship. They can be given training under medical education unit regarding the recent updates of prescription writing.

В статье рассматривается положение института наставничества в современном законодательстве. Разбираются проблемы, которые возникают при реализации данного института, и пути их решения., The article discusses the position of the institution of mentoring in modern legislation. Understand the problems that arise during the implementation of this institution and their solutions.

Son yıllarda üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal güvenliğe erişimini artıracak önemli yasal değişiklikler yapılmıştır. Bununla beraber, üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal güvenliği hakkında mevzuatta açıklayıcı ve anlaşılır düzenleyici hükümler bulunmamaktadır. Bu durum uygulamada birçok soruna ve karışıklığa neden olmaktadır. Bu araştırmanın amacı, üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal güvenlik hukuku içerisindeki yerlerini tespit etmek ve uygulamada yaşanan sorunları irdeleyerek bu sorunlara çözüm önerileri getirmeye çalışmaktır. Araştırma amacına ulaşmak için stajyer üniversite öğrencileri, staj adı altında iş ilişkisi içerisinde çalışan öğrenciler, 3 dönem teorik bir dönem iş başı programı dahilinde staj yapanlar, 2547 sayılı kanuna tabi kısmi zamanlı çalışan öğrenciler ve bursiyerlerde oluşmak üzere 52 görüşmeci ile derinlemesine mülakat gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada, staj sırasında öğrenci-işçi ayrımının kesin çizgilerle ayrılamaması nedeniyle öğrencilerin emek sömürüsü tehlikesi ile karşı karşıya kaldığı bulgulanmıştır. Staj adı altında işçi gibi çalışan öğrencilerin tüm sosyal sigorta kollarına tabi olması gerekmektedir. Bursiyerlerin büyük bir bölümü sosyal sigorta sisteminin kapsamı dışında kalmaktadır. Üniversite öğrencilerinin çoğunluğunun iş gücü piyasasında kayıt dışı ve gündelik işlerde çalışmıştır. Üniversite öğrencilerin sosyal sigorta bilinçlerinin yeterli düzeyde değildir. Üniversite öğrencileri genellikle sosyal güvenlik kavramını kısa vadeli bir sosyal risk olan sağlık ve iş kazası ile özdeşleştirmektedir. Üniversite öğrencilerinin sosyal güvenceye erişimini arttırmak için; bursiyer ve üniversitelerde kısmi süreli çalışan öğrencilerin sigortalılıkları yeniden düzenlenmelidir. Staj denetimleri emek sömürüsünü engelleyecek biçimde yeniden yapılandırılmalıdır. Üniversite öğrencilerinin kayıt dışı çalışmasına neden olan sosyal yardım ve hizmet kanunlarındaki düzenlemeler gözden geçirilmeli, konu ile ilgili mevzuat sadeleştirilmelidir. Öğrencilerin sosyal güvenlik bilgi ve bilinç düzeyleri arttırılmalı, konu ile ilgili Sosyal Güvenlik Kurumu ve Üniversiteler işbirliği ile kampanyalar düzenlenmelidir.Anahtar Kelimeler: Üniversite Öğrencilerin Sosyal Güvenliği, Stajyer, Kısmı Zamanlı Çalışan, Bursiyer, Denizli In a recent years, significant legal changes have been realized to increase access to social security of the university students. Nevertheless there are not explanatory and comprehensible regulatory provisions in legislation regarding the social security of university students. This phenomenon causes many problems and confusion in practice. This study aims to determine the place of university students in social security law and to try to offer solutions to these issues by examining the problems in practice. In order to achieve the aim of this study, in-depth interviews were conducted with 52 participants including intern university students, students working in a business relationship under the name of internship, interns in the 3 terms training in classroom 1 term on-the-job program, and students working part-time who are subject to the law no. 2547 as well as scholarship holders. In this study, it has been found that students are faced with the danger of labour exploitation, due to the fact that the division between student and employee cannot be performed in a certain way. The university students who work as employee under the name of internship have to be covered to all social insurance branches. The most of the scholars are outside the scope of the social insurance system. The majority of university students worked in informal sector and casual jobs in the labour market. The social insurance awareness of the university students are insufficient. The university students often consubstantiate the concept of social security with a short-term social risks which are health care and occupational accident. To increase university students' access to social security; the insurance of scholarships and part-time students should be reorganized. The internship audit should be restructured to prevent labour exploitation. The regulations in the social assistance and service laws that cause the unregistered work of university students should be reviewed, the relevant legislation should be simplified. The social security information and awareness levels of the students should be increased and related campaigns should be organized, in cooperation with Social Security Institution and universities.Key Words: Social Security of University Students, Intern, Part Time Employee, Scholarship student, Denizli 189

На основе анализа юридической литературы и законодательства Российской Федерации о должностях стажера, помощника нотариуса и лиц, обеспечивающих деятельность нотариуса, обосновано несколько суждений: помимо нотариуса, участниками нотариальных действий могут быть стажер, помощник нотариуса и лица, обеспечивающие деятельность нотариуса; стажер, помощник нотариуса и лица, обеспечивающие деятельность нотариуса, не наделены статусом «нотариус»; стажер, помощник нотариуса и лица, обеспечивающие деятельность нотариуса, принимают участие в нотариальных действиях от имени нотариуса; целесообразно во вновь принимаемом Федеральном законе РФ «О должности нотариуса в Российской Федерации» предусмотреть главу «Участники нотариальных действий»., In the article on the basis of the analysis of legal literature and the legislation of the Russian Federation about positions of the trainee, the assistant to the notary and the persons providing activity of the notary several judgments are proved: in addition to the notary by the parties to notarial acts can be an Intern, assistant of the notary and the person providing the activity of the notary, Intern, assistant to the notary and persons that support the activities of a notary, does not have the status of «notary», Intern, assistant to the notary and persons that support the activities of notary public, take part in notarial acts on behalf of a notary; it is advisable in the newly adopted Federal law of the Russian Federation «On the post of notary in the Russian Federation» provide for the head of «Members of notarial acts».

The present work aimed to understand how teachers of Ensino Fundamental II (elementary school) from the public school system of a municipality of the Zona da Mata of Alagoas acknowledge the supervised stage. The study was based on a field survey conducted in five schools of the investigated municipality. It was possible to observe that among the teachers who participated in the research, 82.22% had the opportunity to follow trainees, and all of the teachers considered that the internship contributes to their teaching practice. However, it was noticeable that not all teachers are prepared for this experience. In this sense, we consider of utmost importance to invest in teacher training with a focus on the supervised internship and closer ties between educational institutions (school and higher education) involved in the training process. El presente trabajo consolida una investigación que tuvo como objetivo comprender cómo los maestros de primaria de las escuelas públicas de un municipio de la Zona da Mata de Alagoas reconocen la pasantía supervisada. El estudio se basó en una investigación de campo realizada en cinco escuelas del municipio investigado. Se pudo observar que entre los docentes que participaron en la investigación, el 82,22% tuvo la oportunidad de acompañar a los pasantes, y todos consideraron que la pasantía contribuye a su práctica docente. Sin embargo, se notó que no todos los profesores están preparados para esta experiencia. En este sentido, consideramos fundamental invertir en la formación del profesorado con foco en el internado supervisado y en el fortalecimiento de los vínculos entre las instituciones educativas (escuela y educación superior) involucradas en este proceso de formación. O presente trabalho consolida uma investigação que objetivou compreender como professores do Ensino Fundamental II da rede pública de ensino de um município da Zona da Mata de Alagoas reconhecem o estágio supervisionado. O estudo foi baseado numa pesquisa de campo realizada em cinco escolas do município investigado. Foi possível observar que dentre professores que participaram da pesquisa, 82,22% tiveram a oportunidade de acompanhar estagiários, e todos consideraram que o estágio contribui para sua prática docente. Contudo, foi perceptível que nem todos os professores encontram-se preparados para essa experiência. Nesse sentido, consideramos fundamental investir em capacitação docente com foco no estágio supervisionado e no estreitamento dos laços entre as instituições educacionais (escola e ensino superior) envolvidas nesse processo formativo. Palavras-chave: Ambiente escolar, Estagiário, Experiência docente, Percepção, Professor colaborador

Introduction We describe the development and implementation of tools medical educators or researchers can use for developing or analyzing residents' through attending physicians' clinical reasoning in an outpatient clinic setting. The resource includes two scenario-based simulations (i.e., diabetes, angina), implementation support materials, an open-ended postencounter form, and a think-aloud reflection protocol. Method We designed two scenarios with potential case ambiguity and contextual factors to add complexity for studying clinical reasoning. The scenarios are designed to be used prior to an open-ended written exercise and a think-aloud reflection to elicit reasoning and reflection. We report on their implementation in a research context but developed them to be used in both educational and research settings. Results Twelve physicians (five interns, three residents, and four attendings) considered between three and six differential diagnoses (M = 4.0) for the diabetes scenario and between three and nine differentials (M = 4.3) for angina. In think-aloud reflections, participants reconsidered their thinking between zero and 14 times (M = 3.5) for diabetes and zero and 11 times (M = 3.3) for angina. Cognitive load scores ranged from 4 to 8 (out of 10; M = 6.2) for diabetes and 5 to 8 (M = 6.6) for angina. Participants rated scenario authenticity between 4 and 5 (out of 5). Discussion The potential case content ambiguity, along with the contextual factors (e.g., patient suggesting alternative diagnoses), provides a complex environment in which to explore or teach clinical reasoning.

En el presente trabajo se evidencia la experiencia que vive un estudiante de negocios internacionales al elegir como opción de grado las prácticas empresariales. Sin duda, es una elección enriquecedora que tienen los universitarios, como meta intermedia, para alcanzar el título profesional. No obstante, para llegar a esta elección, los estudiantes deben pasar satisfactoriamente la fase académica, donde cada quien recibe de manera dinámica los conocimientos necesarios para formar un perfil profesional íntegro, competitivo y responsable. Por consiguiente, una vez terminado el periodo académico, los estudiantes que eligen las pasantías como opción de grado, tienen la oportunidad y la gran ventaja de vivir un semestre lleno de múltiples enseñanzas, las cuales le permiten a cada pasante conocer por primera vez el campo laboral con una visión real de lo que es ser un profesional, lo cual implica: conocer la dinámica de la organización, distinguir el área de trabajo, cumplir unas funciones laborales, tomar decisiones, acatar órdenes, consejos, adaptarse al día a día absorbiendo todo lo nuevo, que le ayudara a moldear un historial de experiencias provechoso en la construcción de un perfil profesional único y de éxito. De esta manera y como se menciona al inicio, el desarrollo de este trabajo, describe la vivencia de un practicante, quien tuvo el privilegio de trabajar en una multinacional, llamada Loyalty Marketing Services Colombia S.A.S, donde se brinda oportunidad de trabajo a los más jóvenes, se concientiza a la gente por el cuidado del medio ambiente, se trabaja pensando en el bienestar de los empleados, y se busca diariamente en ser mejores, para lograr la satisfacción, en la atención de los clientes, de manera responsable, ordenada y con cumplimiento. In the present work wants to demonstrate the experience that an international business student lives when he selects the business internship as a grade option. Without a doubt, it is an enriching election that the undergraduates have as a medial goal, to achieve their professional degree. However, in order to achieve this election, the students should pass the academic phase satisfactorily, where each person get of a dynamic method the necessary knowledges to form a professional, upright, competitive and responsible profile. Therefore, once that the academic period have finished, the students that choose the assistantship as a grade option, they have the opportunity to live a semester full of multiple lessons, which allow for each intern know for the first time the labor field with a real view to be a professional, which imply: to know the dynamic of the company, to examine the work area, to achieve the labor functions, make a decision, comply with orders, advices, to adapt every day, absorbing every new things, that their help to mold an historical of experiences, this useful in the construction of a unique and successful professional profile. In this way and as mentioned at the beginning , the development of this assignment it describe the life lesson of a assistant, who had the privilege to work in a multinational, called Loyalty Marketing Services Colombia S.A.S, which afford opportunity of job to youngest, it makes aware to the people keep the environment, it works thinking in the wellbeing of employees and it wants every day to be better to manage to satisfaction in the services of clients , in a responsible, organized way with fulfillment. http://www.ustavillavicencio.edu.co/home/index.php/unidades/extension-y-proyeccion/investigacion Pregrado

Cet article porte sur les interactions sociales vécues par différents acteurs du contexte de stage en enseignement. À partir d’un cadre théorique interactionniste stratégique, la recherche, réalisée à l’aide d’entretiens avec des tuteurs, des stagiaires et des élèves, montre la diversité des postures, des enjeux et des stratégies mobilisés par chacun. Les résultats documentent les effets multiples des interactions sociales sur l’adaptation de ces acteurs au contexte de stage, contribuant à nourrir la réflexion sur la conception de dispositif de formation à partir de l’expérience qu’en font les acteurs. This article focuses on the social interactions experienced by different individuals in the context of a teaching practicum. Based on a strategic interactionist theory framework, the research, conducted through interviews with tutors, interns and students, shows the diversity of postures, issues and strategies mobilized by each. The results document the different effects of social interactions on the individual’s adaptation in the context of the internship, which contributes to and feeds the thought process for designing training device based on each individual’s experience.