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This study exemplifies the practical application of the Discrete Event Simulation (DES) approach for evaluating the effectiveness of suggested processes and design modifications in improving the existing bottlenecks of an Emergency Department. EDs are under escalating pressure to deliver efficient care while handling considerable challenges, such as overcrowding, delays, length of stay, safety risks, or staffing. Many ED appointments are non-urgent and can be treated in an alternative outpatient setting. Suitable demand-capacity matching and adjusted admission protocols reduce ED patients' Length of Stay (LOS) and improve boarding times. Alternatively, new design suggestions include applying results-pending areas where lower acuity patients wait for their pending lab or imaging results. In this study, DES assesses underlying conditions and existing bottlenecks in an existing ED. The current ED flow involved a "pull-until-full" for exam room boarding and bedside registration after triage fulfillment. Nonetheless, the ED experienced boarding delays for patients waiting to be admitted into the hospital. This study explored two scenarios in DES as potential alternatives for reducing LOS: the implication of a "rapid-admit" protocol and a "results-pending" area. Findings showed that the Rapid-Admit process reduced the admitted patient's LOS by 16%. On average, the results-pending implication reduced the admit LOS by an average of 32% across all ESI levels. These findings suggest the importance of process, staffing, and spatial modifications to achieve ED operational improvements. DES enabled a data-driven approach to evaluate bottlenecks, enhance architect-owner communication, and optimize the system for future design and process improvement alternatives.

Knowledge about approved providers’ governance and leadership practice that affect the provision of sustainable quality early childhood education and care (ECEC) in Southeast Queensland (SEQ) is under-researched. Examining this identified gap potentially allows for the consideration of strategies for improved quality of ECEC provision that may be transferable across Australia as legislation overseeing quality in long day care (LDC) services is mandated nationally by the Australian Children’s Education and Care Quality Authority (ACECQA). This study specifically aimed to identify factors that can be categorised as sustainable and unsustainable practice. In the context of this study, ‘sustainable’ refers to the capacity for quality early childhood provision to be maintained in the long term, including the human resource ecological systems in long day care services. These considerations are explored using Kemmis’ theory of practice architectures and practice characteristics.

The GoTriple discovery platform is based on an extensible ingestion platform that supports the harvesting of repositories by using the standard OAI-PMH protocol. The platform is open and welcomes data providers that want to see their contents’ metadata indexed in GoTriple. Besides large aggregators like Isidore, OpenAIRE, DOAJ and BASE in fact, GoTriple has already integrated several smaller publications and research data archives. To ease the onboarding of new providers, a specific web application, the Harvesting Management System, has been developed. It easily allows data providers to register to the platform and propose one or more SSH-related data sources+ accessible via OAI-PMH. These “proposed sources” will be later verified by GoTriple administrators, both to test the technical correctness of the import process and to ensure the relevance of the acquired data in the context of SSH. During this workshop, we will present the whole process for becoming a GoTriple provider through a step-by-step approach. We welcome real prospect users with whom we can live test the integration of their repositories in GoTriple. No specific technical knowledge is needed to participate in this session but in case you want to participate in the tests, the coordinates of your OAI-PMH endpoint are needed: its URL, the data model used (Dublin Core or Europeana Data Model), and the set to harvest., The TRIPLE project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement No 863420 Disclaimer. The content of this publication is the sole responsibility of the authors and can in no way be taken to reflect the views of the European Commission. The European Commission is not responsible for any use that may be made of the information it contains.

Journal of The Dental Association of Thailand, 73, 2, 113-122

Тема выпускной квалификационной работы: «Миграция инфраструктуры Ñ‚ÐµÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ñ Ð¾ÐºÑ€ÑƒÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ на облачные платформы Ñ€Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð¸Ð·Ð²Ð¾Ð´Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐ»ÐµÐ¹Â».Данная работа посвящена миграции Ñ‚ÐµÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ñ Ð¾ÐºÑ€ÑƒÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ в облачные платформы, а также Ñ‚ÐµÑ Ð½Ð¸Ñ‡ÐµÑÐºÐ¾Ð¹ поддержке инфраструктуры. Задачи, которые решались в Ñ Ð¾Ð´Ðµ исследования:1. Исследование сущности и роли Ñ‚ÐµÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ñ Ð¾ÐºÑ€ÑƒÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹, выполнение краткого обзора Ð¸Ð¼ÐµÑŽÑ‰Ð¸Ñ ÑÑ типов и видов окружений.2.Формализация и описание Ñ„ÑƒÐ½ÐºÑ†Ð¸Ð¾Ð½Ð°Ð»ÑŒÐ½Ñ‹Ñ ÑÐ»ÐµÐ¼ÐµÐ½Ñ‚Ð¾Ð² Ñ‚ÐµÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ñ Ð¾ÐºÑ€ÑƒÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹.3.Описание текущей реализации Ð°Ñ€Ñ Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐºÑ‚ÑƒÑ€Ñ‹ Ñ‚ÐµÑÑ‚Ð¾Ð²Ñ‹Ñ Ð¾ÐºÑ€ÑƒÐ¶ÐµÐ½Ð¸Ð¹ ЕПГУ Госуслуг.4. Анализ процесса миграция инфраструктуры в облачные платформы.5. Разработка модели принятия решений выбора облачного провайдера.6.Апробация процесса миграции микросервиса и инфраструктуры в облачные платформы Ñ€Ð¾ÑÑÐ¸Ð¹ÑÐºÐ¸Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð¹Ð´ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð².Во время выполнения работы была проанализирована предметная область. В Ñ€Ð°Ð¼ÐºÐ°Ñ Ð¸ÑÑÐ»ÐµÐ´Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð½Ð¸Ñ Ð°Ñ€Ñ Ð¸Ñ‚ÐµÐºÑ‚ÑƒÑ€Ñ‹ портала ЕПГУ сформированыкритерии принятия решений по выбору провайдера-кандидата для миграции в облачные платформы.По результатам анализа Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ñ Ð°Ñ€Ð°ÐºÑ‚ÐµÑ€Ð¸ÑÑ‚Ð¸Ðº была предложена математическая модель на основании рейтинга методом порогового агрегирования. В качестве результата работы был предложена таблица с итоговыми оценками Ð¾Ð±Ð»Ð°Ñ‡Ð½Ñ‹Ñ Ð¿Ñ€Ð¾Ð²Ð°Ð¹Ð´ÐµÑ€Ð¾Ð².Предложено было осуществить миграцию тестового базы Ð´Ð°Ð½Ð½Ñ‹Ñ testdev с использованием Yandex.Cloud. Продукты данной компании уже использовались ранее в инфраструктуре РТ Лабс. В процессе миграции использовались системы мониторинга.В следствии анализа результатов миграции, был предложен Ð¿ÐµÑ€ÐµÑ Ð¾Ð´ инфраструктуры в облачную платформу компании Selectel, которая является оптимальным кандидатом-провайдером. Представлены методы настройки кластера с помощью Managed Kubernetes и инструменты для его поддержки., The theme of graduate qualification work: "Migration of test environment infrastructure to cloud platforms of Russian manufacturers".This work focuses on the decision and implementation of the migration of test environments to cloud platforms, as well as technical support of the infrastructure. The tasks that were solved during the research:1. Research the essence and role of test environments of such systems, performing a brief overview of the types and kinds of environments available.2. Formalization and description of functional elements of test environments.3. Description of the current implementation of the EPGU Gosuslugi test environment architecture.4. Analysis of infrastructure migration to cloud platforms.5. Developing a decision-making model for selecting a cloud provider.6. Approbation the process of microservice and infrastructure migration to cloud platforms of Russian providers.During the work, the subject area was analyzed. As part of a study of the architecture of the EPGU portal, criteria for making decisions on the selection of a candidate provider for migration to cloud platforms were formed.Based on the results of the analysis of these characteristics, a mathematical model based on the rating method of threshold aggregation was proposed. As a result, a table with the final scores of cloud providers was proposedIt was proposed to migrate the testdev database using Yandex.Cloud, the provider used for the architecture in the form of ClickHouse DBMS. Monitoring and alerting systems were used in the migration process.As a result of analyzing the results of the migration, it was proposed to move the infrastructure to the cloud platform of Selectel, which is an optimal candidate provider. Methods of cluster configuration with Managed Kubernetes and tools for its support are presented.

Процесс принятия решения о покупке - это процесс выбора альтернативных решений. Факт совершения необходимой покупки является лишь видимым результатом порой длительной борьбы желаний и сомнений, происходящих в сознании потребителя поиска информации и оценки вариантов, прежде чем он решится на приобретение товара., The process of making a purchase decision is the process of choosing alternative solutions. The fact of making the necessary purchase is only the visible result of sometimes a long struggle of desires and doubts occurring in the consumer's mind to search for information and evaluate options before he decides to purchase the goods., Экономика и предпринимательство, Выпуск 1 (150) 2023, Pages 1107-1111

У роботі приведено відомості про системи безперервної післядипломної освіти медичних працівників різних країн, проведено аналіз існуючої в Україні системи безперервного професійного розвитку медичних працівників, проведено SWOT-аналіз системи, виявлено сильні та слабкі сторони, встановлено які існують загрози та можливості. Обгрунтована необхідність модернізувати систему БПР. Розроблено рекомендації щодо удосконалення системи БПР медичних працівників в Україні.

Objective Chronic kidney disease is a worldwide public health issue, with increasing prevalence resulting in high morbidity and mortality. As a result, recognizing and treating it early can lead to improved outcomes. We hypothesized that some providers might be more comfortable making this diagnosis than others. Methods Retrospective study of 380 patients with chronic kidney disease seen between 2012 and 2016 in an outpatient setting. Results Three hundred and sixteen patients were treated by physicians and sixty-four by advanced practice providers. Chronic kidney disease was identified by the primary care providers in 318 patients (83.6%). Patients recognized with chronic kidney disease were older, 76 ± 8.8 vs 72 ± 7.45 years, p = 0.001; had lower GFR, 37 [29, 46] vs 57 [37, 76] ml/min/1.73 m2, p

Rad se bavi pretplatničkim ugovorima u elektroničkim komunikacijama, njegovim pravnim određenjem, načinima sklapanja i prestanka te zaštitom krajnjih korisnika, poglavito kroz proučavanje relevantnih zakonskih odredbi i sudskih odluka. Pretplatnički ugovor u elektroničkim komunikacijama je nominantni, dvostrano-obvezujući, naplatni pravni posao između operatora javno dostupnih elektroničkih komunikacijskih usluga i krajnjeg korisnika koji se sklapa adhezijom. Sastavni dijelovi pretplatničkog ugovora u elektroničkim komunikacijama su opći uvjeti, posebni uvjeti korištenja usluga i cjenik usluga za koje se taj ugovor sklapa. Može se sklopiti unutar poslovnih prostorija operatora, izvan poslovnih prostorija operatora te na daljinu. Jedan od najčešćih načina prestanka ugovora je raskid, a ugovor može još, osim raskidom, prestati istekom ugovorenog roka, smrću pretplatnika koji je fizička osoba, odnosno prestankom postojanja pretplatnika koji je pravna osoba, na temelju zakona te na temelju pravomoćne odluke suda, odnosno konačne odluke Agencije. U pogledu pravne zaštite, krajnji korisnici na raspolaganju prvo imaju mogućnost ulaganja prigovora svom operatoru u dvostupanjskom procesu, zatim predaju zahtjeva pred Agencijom te mogućnost žalbe na odluku Agencije pred Visokim upravnim sudom., The thesis analyse subscription contracts in electronic communications and its legal determination, the modes of entering into contract, the ways of terminating at contract, as well as the end-users legal protection, mainly through legislation and case-law. Subscription contract in electronic communication is a nominate, synallagmatic contract entered into between electronic communications provider and end-users, concluded by accession. The constituent elements of the contract are the provider's general terms and conditions, terms of use of services and the services price-list. A contract can be concluded in provider's business premises, out of premises and at the distance. A contract can be terminated in a few different ways and the most common one is a rescission. Besides by rescission, an electronic communications contract can be terminated by virtue of law, death of an end user who is a natural person or cessation of existence of a legal entity, the lapse of time or by final court or regulatory agency decision. Regarding legal protection of the end-users, they can file an objection to their provider in two-stage process, then file an objection to a regulatory agency, and finally they can appeal to the High Administrative Court of the Republic of Croatia.

Background There is a need for information and healthcare support for the fertility desires and contraceptive needs of people living with HIV (PLHIV) in order to provide safer conception support for sero-discordant couples wanting to safely conceive. A model to integrate sexual and reproductive health and HIV services was developed and implemented in a district hospital and six clinics in the eThekwini District, South Africa. Methods To evaluate the model’s success, a cross-sectional survey was conducted before and after implementation of the model. As part of this evaluation, fertility desires of PLHIV (both male and female), and providers’ perspectives thereof were explored. Changes in desires and attitudes after integration of services were investigated. Results Forty-six healthcare providers and 269 clients (48 male, 221 female) were surveyed at baseline, and 44 providers and 300 clients (70 male, 230 female) at endline. Various factors including relationship status, parity and antiretroviral treatment (ART) access influenced PLHIVs’ desires for children. Concerns for their own and their child’s health negatively impacted on PLHIV’s fertility desires. These concerns declined after integration of services. Similarly, providers’ concerns about PLHIV having children decreased after the implementation of the model. Conclusions Integrated services are important to facilitate provision of information on contraceptive options as well as safer conception information for PLHIV who want to have children.

To increase fairness and equity in access to rehabilitation services, a strategy emerging from the literature is patient prioritization. Selecting explicit prioritization criteria is a complex task because it is important to simultaneously consider the objectives of all stakeholders. The of this study was to compare service users’ and service providers’ perspectives regarding patient prioritization criteria in two rehabilitation programs. We conducted a multiple case study in two rehabilitation programs, i.e., a driving evaluation program and a compression garment manufacturing program. We sent a web-based survey asking two groups (patients and providers) to individually produce a set of criteria, then individual answers were coded and combined in a single set of criteria. Stakeholders identified a total of 32 criteria to prioritize patients. Some criteria, such as age, occupation, functional level, pain, absence of caregiver, and time since referral, were considered important by both stakeholders in both programs. Patients and providers tended to have similar opinions about criteria to prioritize patients in waitlists. Taking into consideration the opinions of all stakeholders concerning prioritization criteria is an important part of the decision-making process. Experience Framework This article is associated with the Quality & Clinical Excellence lens of The Beryl Institute Experience Framework (https://www.theberylinstitute.org/ExperienceFramework). Access other PXJ articles related to this lens. Access other resources related to this lens.

It is shown that in conditions of the crisis phenomena in world and domestic economy it is necessary to search for new forms and instruments of functioning of trade enterprises. Provided by the widespread use of IT outsourcing as a means of outsourcing by functions for the creation and management of it infrastructure of the commercial enterprise. It solutions and it support aimed at reducing operating costs and reducing the human factor in business processes. Analyzed the following tools that can be used in the framework of the implementation of outsourcing as a form of improving production processes in a retail company: outstaffing – withdrawal of personnel from the state; МRO – maintenance and logistics operations; vendor managed inventory – manage inventory through supplier; the concept of 4PL, which implements the technology of VMI. It is emphasized that the use of outsourcing in the restructuring of commercial enterprise means inventory and reconstruction of economic relations of the enterprise with the aim of creating effective together partner firms, mostly on a contractual basis. In the development of outsourcing along with the positive factors and negative. However, the influence of factors of the first group is significantly stronger, so the volume of services transmitted in outsourcing is growing rapidly. In each situation the management of the commercial enterprise should be based on hard economic calculations to determine the feasibility of outsourcing., Показано, как в условиях кризисных явлений мировой и отечественной экономики необходимым является поиск новых форм и инструментов функционирования торговых предприятий. Указано на широкое использование IT-аутсорсинга как способа передачи внешнему исполнителю функций по созданию и управлению ИТ-инфраструктурой торгового предприятия. ИТ-решения и ИТ-поддержка направлены на сокращение операционных затрат и еще больше на сокращение человеческого фактора в бизнес-процессах. Проанализированы следующие инструменты, которые возможно использовать в рамках реализации аутсорсинга как формы совершенствования производственными процессами торгового предприятия: аутстаффинг – вывод части персонала из штата; МRO – ремонтное обслуживание и логистические операции; VMI-управление товарно-материальными запасами с помощью поставщика; концепция 4PL, которая реализует технологию VMI. Сделано ударение, что использование аутсорсинга при структурной перестройке торгового предприятия означает инвентаризацию и переконструирование всех хозяйственный связей данного предприятия с целью создания эффективной совокупности партнерских фирм, преимущественно на договорных основах. В развитии аутсорсинга наряду с положительными факторами действуют и негативные. Тем не менее, влияние факторов первой группы существенно сильнее, поэтому объем услуг, передаваемый в аутсорсинг, быстро растет. В каждой конкретной ситуации менеджмент торгового предприятия должен на основе усердных экономических расчетов определить целесообразность использования аутсорсинга., Показано, як в умовах кризових явищ світової та вітчизняної економіки необхідним є пошук нових форм та інструментів функціонування торгівельних підприємств. Вказано на широке використання IT-аутсорсингу як засобу передачі зовнішньому виконавцю функцій зі створення і управління ІТ-інфраструктурного торгівельного підприємства. ІТ-рішення та ІТ-підтримка спрямовані на скорочення операційних витрат та ще більше скорочення людського фактора у бізнес-процесах. Проаналізовані такі інструменти, що можливо використовувати у межах реалізації аутсорсингу як форми удосконалення виробничими процесами торгівельного підприємства: аутстаффінг – виведення частини персоналу зі штату; МRO – ремонтне обслуговування та логістичні операції; VMI – управління товарно-матеріальними запасами за допомогою постачальника; концепція 4PL, яка реалізує технологію VMI. Зроблено наголос, що використання аутсорсингу при структурній перебудові торгівельного підприємства означає інвентарізацію і переконструювання всіх господарський зав’язків даного підприємства з ціллю створення ефективної сукупності партнерських фірм, переважно на договірних основах. У розвитку аутсорсингу поряд з позитивними факторами діють і негативні. Проте, вплив факторів першої групи суттєво сильніше, тому обсяг послуг, що передається в аутсорсинг, швидко зростає. В кожній конкретній ситуації менеджмент торгівельного підприємства повинен на основі конкретних економічних розрахунків, які визначають доцільність використання аутсорсингу.

Maria Sember, Chad Donley, Matthew Eggleston Department of Emergency Medicine, Mercy Health Youngstown Hospital, Youngstown, OH, USACorrespondence: Chad DonleyDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Mercy Health Youngstown Hospital, 1044 Belmont Avenue, Youngstown, OH, 44504, USATel +1 330-480-3667Fax +1-330-729-7961Email cwdonley@gmail.comIntroduction: Emergency department (ED) overcrowding is a nationally recognized problem and multiple strategies have been proposed and implemented with varying levels of success. It has caused patients to present to the ED but leave without being seen (LWBS). These patients suffer delayed diagnosis, delayed treatment, and ultimately increased morbidity and mortality. In efforts to decrease the number of patients who leave without being seen, one proposed solution is to place a provider in triage to evaluate these patients at the initial point of contact.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patient’s presenting to the Emergency Department from October through January for the years 2013 through 2017. A list of all patient dispositions for each study month was analyzed and compared for the 4 consecutive years with the implementation of an Advanced Practice Provider (APP) in triage.Results: A total of 2162 patients dispositioned as LWBS during the entire study period of October 2013 through January 2017 were enrolled in the analysis. After implementation of a provider in triage, there was a 39% overall decrease (95% CI 0.005) in patients who left the ED before completion of treatment. There was a 69% reduction (95% CI 0.005) in patients who left before seeing the provider in triage. After seeing the provider, we saw an 83% reduction (95% CI< 0.001) in LWBS. Overall, our initial LWBS rate was found to be 5%, and after implementation of a provider in triage that rate decreased to 1%.Discussion: The addition of a provider in triage decreased our LWBS rate from 5% to 1%. The addition of a provider in triage also helped identify sick patients in the waiting room and helped facilitate more rapid assessment of ED patients on arrival.Keywords: LWBS, triage, provider, ED overcrowding, walkouts, LWOTs, PIT

Maria Sember, Chad Donley, Matthew Eggleston Department of Emergency Medicine, Mercy Health Youngstown Hospital, Youngstown, OH, USACorrespondence: Chad DonleyDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Mercy Health Youngstown Hospital, 1044 Belmont Avenue, Youngstown, OH, 44504, USATel +1 330-480-3667Fax +1-330-729-7961Email cwdonley@gmail.comIntroduction: Emergency department (ED) overcrowding is a nationally recognized problem and multiple strategies have been proposed and implemented with varying levels of success. It has caused patients to present to the ED but leave without being seen (LWBS). These patients suffer delayed diagnosis, delayed treatment, and ultimately increased morbidity and mortality. In efforts to decrease the number of patients who leave without being seen, one proposed solution is to place a provider in triage to evaluate these patients at the initial point of contact.Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted on patient’s presenting to the Emergency Department from October through January for the years 2013 through 2017. A list of all patient dispositions for each study month was analyzed and compared for the 4 consecutive years with the implementation of an Advanced Practice Provider (APP) in triage.Results: A total of 2162 patients dispositioned as LWBS during the entire study period of October 2013 through January 2017 were enrolled in the analysis. After implementation of a provider in triage, there was a 39% overall decrease (95% CI 0.005) in patients who left the ED before completion of treatment. There was a 69% reduction (95% CI 0.005) in patients who left before seeing the provider in triage. After seeing the provider, we saw an 83% reduction (95% CI< 0.001) in LWBS. Overall, our initial LWBS rate was found to be 5%, and after implementation of a provider in triage that rate decreased to 1%.Discussion: The addition of a provider in triage decreased our LWBS rate from 5% to 1%. The addition of a provider in triage also helped identify sick patients in the waiting room and helped facilitate more rapid assessment of ED patients on arrival.Keywords: LWBS, triage, provider, ED overcrowding, walkouts, LWOTs, PIT

This is a protocol for a Cochrane Review (update). Background Key barriers to effectively supporting adherence include poor awareness amongst healthcare professionals (HCPs), scarce clinical tools and interventions, and suboptimal patient-provider communication. A Cochrane review assessed the impact of feedback interventions amongst physicians published until 2016. Other HCPs are increasingly involved in supporting adherence. Objectives To assess the effects of providing healthcare providers with medication adherence feedback as a mechanism for improving patients’ medication adherence. To assess the impact of the intervention upon clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, economic/financial outcomes and processes of care. Search methods We will search RCTs and cluster RCTs on CENTRAL, CINAHL, Embase, MEDLINE, PsychArticles and PsychInfo, and grey literature sources. Selection criteria Inclusion criteria are any reported intervention providing adherence feedback to HCPs as a key component, for long term medication for chronic diseases. Data collection and analysis One author performs title and abstract screening. Four authors will review full texts, extract data, and assess risk of bias. We will assess intervention effects on medication adherence, clinical outcomes, patient-reported outcomes, economic/financial outcomes and processes of care. We will assess heterogeneity, sensitivity, and undertake meta-analysis where appropriate. Main results The search yielded 4415 articles (pending grey literature). Publication is anticipated Q1 2023. Author’s conclusions Medication adherence feedback to HCPs could contribute significantly to reducing key barriers associated with poor adherence. The Cochrane review will provide evidence of effectiveness amongst HCPs whist updating that regarding physicians.

Identifying reforms that minimize US healthcare costs is imperative. This commentary explores one intervention with potential cost-saving implications that has received comparably minimal consideration: spiritual care provision. It highlights the staff and patient costing benefits of spiritual care in addressing spiritual distress and urges practical policy and research initiatives to maximize its impact.

Inconsistent access to a healthcare provider (HCP), which can lead to advanced morbidity, is an oft-cited barrier to advancing health. Extensive review of the literature consistently suggests men are far less likely to engage within the healthcare system. This is particularly problematic pertaining to preventive services. As many health conditions are preventable and/or treatable in earlier stages, delay in screening and treatment often leads to long-term negative health outcomes. Lack of early and frequent preventive healthcare (e.g. primordial, primary, and secondary prevention) may even be perceived as “normative” where poorer health outcomes in males are expected.1 In fact, some evidence demonstrates a clear connection that seeking help via healthcare runs contrary to masculinity and dominant masculine principles, such as being strong/sturdy, working through pain, avoiding weakness or anything perceived as feminine, among other psychosocial phenomena.2,3 Changing healthcare “culture” concerning the care of men (i.e. gender-sensitive care) may provide a salient avenue to encourage more consistent and preventive contact or “touch points” in the patient-provider dynamic. There is a need to understand how social norms and practices in healthcare and medical settings can be effectively leveraged to address life-long male health outcomes versus focusing on late(r)-stage palliative care. The purpose of this article is to advance dialogue concerning practical considerations, such as resources (e.g. time, money) and methods (e.g. practitioners considering whether men respond best to immediate efforts to establish rapport versus a traditional power-based dynamic during the medical interaction) so as to inform gender-sensitive touchpoints in the healthcare of men. Location and types of facilities where men are willing to seek care (preventative or palliative) also need to be considered in a holistic, gender-sensitive patient-provider model of healthcare. Implications, policies, and evidence-based practical strategies for leveraging medical education, prevention programming, proper and improper recognition and management, and long-term treatment are presented and discussed with the practitioner in mind.

Objective: To understand how Title X providers currently engage with fertility awareness-based methods (FABMs) for pregnancy prevention in Title X clinics across the United States. Materials and Methods: We developed a survey to assess knowledge of fertility for purposes of pregnancy prevention, attitudes toward FABMs use for pregnancy prevention, and practices when patients request FABMs for pregnancy prevention. Results: In total, 329 participants who met all inclusion criteria completed the survey. Respondents were generally highly knowledgeable on fertility, felt neutrally toward FABMs or thought they were a nonviable option for most women, and were likely to respond to patient requests for FABMs for pregnancy prevention by providing information. Qualitative responses included several barriers to provision of FABMs for pregnancy prevention and few successes to provision. Conclusions: Fertility knowledge and discussion of specific methods increased with the number of methods included in the clinic's written materials or with the number of different FABMs someone at that clinic had been trained on. Significant clinician or administrative barriers may exist to offering FABMs to patients. Incorporating up-to-date information on a range of FABMs—rather than treating them as one method—into contraceptive counseling represents an opportunity to increase the contraceptive offering for clients who want them, leading to increased patient satisfaction and successful family planning outcomes.

El siguiente proyecto describe un plan de mejora para la empresa Compass Group Services Colombia, en el área de Compras; la cual se dedica a servicios de alimentación y servicios de soporte hacia grandes, medianas y pequeñas empresas. Compass Group necesita de sus proveedores para llevar a cabalidad su actividad económica y el servicio que presta, por este motivo el plan de mejora se centra en proponer un sistema para la selección y evaluación de los proveedores para así medir su cumplimiento. De la actividad de compras depende directamente que tan bien se presta el servicio y al ser una empresa B2B tiene que tener el menor riesgo posible, ya que un error podría significar una perdida importante. Por esta razón la compañía debe tener los estándares más altos con sus proveedores, para prevenir problemas y errores, ya que si alguno de estos llegará fallar la responsable directa hacia el cliente es Compass Group y no el proveedor de ésta. The following project describes an improvement plan for Compass Group Services Colombia, in the area of Purchasing; which is dedicated to food services and support services for large, medium and small businesses. Compass Group needs its suppliers to fully carry out its economic activity and the service it provides, for this reason the improvement plan focuses on proposing a system for the selection and evaluation of suppliers in order to measure their compliance. Purchasing activity directly depends on how well the service is provided and as a B2B company you have to have as little risk as possible, since a mistake could mean a significant loss. For this reason, the company must have the highest standards with its suppliers, in order to prevent problems and errors, because if any of these fail, it is Compass Group and not its supplier that is directly responsible to the customer. Profesional en Negocios Internacionales Pregrado

INTRODUCCION………………………………………………………………………………10 1. OBJETIVOS…………………………………………………………………………………11 1.1 GENERAL…………………………………………………………..………………………11 1.2ESPECÍFICOS……………………………………………………………..………………11 2. CAPITULO I. DESCRIPCION DE LA ENTIDAD…………………………………………12 2.1 RESEÑA HISTÓRICA………………………………………………………………........12 2.2 MISIÓN…………………………………………………………………………………….15 2.3 VISIÓN………………...……………………………………………………………………15 2.4 ESTRUCTURA ORGANIZACIONAL…………..……………………………………….16 2.5 PLATAFORMA ESTRATÉGICA - PORTAFOLIO DE SERVICIOS…………………17 2.6 VALORES CORPORATIVOS………………………………………………………….17 2.7 POLÍTICA INTEGRADA DE GESTIÓN……………………………………………….18 2.8 OBJETIVOS DE LA GESTIÓN INTEGRADA…………………………………………19 2.9 MAPA DE PROCESO…………………………………………………………………19 3. ANÁLISIS- PLATAFORMA ESTRATÉGICA- ORGANIGRAMA Y EL MAPA DE PROCESOS……………………………………………………………………………………20 4. MARCO REFERENCIAL……………………………………………………………………22 4.1 MARCO TEÓRICO…………………………………………………………………………22 4.2 MARCO CONCEPTUAL…………………………………………………………………23 4.3 MARCO LEGAL……………………………………………………………………………24 5. CAPITULO II……………………………………………………………………………….26 5.1 CARACTERIZACIÓN DE LA UNIDAD FUNCIONAL………………………………..26 5.2 ORGANIGRAMA…………………………………………………………………………27 5.3 FUNCIONES – PORTAFOLIO DE SERVICIOS………………………………………27 6. CAPITULO III ACTIVIDADES REALIZADAS EN LA PRÁCTICA……………………28 6.1 DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROBLEMA……………………………………………………28 6.2 PLAN DE TRABAJO……………………………………………………………………28 6.3 INSTRUMENTOS……………………………………………………………………….30 6.4 CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES…………………………………………………30 6.5 DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LAS ACTIVIDADES……………………………31 7. RESULTADOS ………………………………………………………………………….32 8. CONCLUSIONES………………………………………………………………………33 9. RECOMENDACIONES…………………………………………………………………34 REFERENCIA BIBLIOGRÁFICA………………………………………………………35 ANEXO……………………………………………………………………………………36 En el presente informe se expone el resultado de la práctica institucional en la empresa comercializadora Multidrogas de Colombia S.A.S en la cuidada de Montería. Se llevó a cabo en el área de comprar de la empresa antes mencionada. Multidrogas es de carácter privado y está comprometida con el mejoramiento continuo del Sistema de Gestión de Calidad y el desarrollo de un talento humano altamente competente, con quienes se debe fomentar una cultura de innovación, creatividad y garantizar estándares de calidad en todos los procesos, con el fin de generar una productiva operación y propender por el mejoramiento de la calidad de vida de los colombianos. Pregrado Administrador(a) en Salud Práctica Empresarial

The internet translates as one of the greatest innovations of man during the 20th century, having in the last decades dispersed throughout the planet, besides introducing benefits to the knowledge and interaction between peoples, it has provided concern in the exposure of personal information; data policy; crimes and dissemination of untrue information. The changing society observes which measures would be ideal in the preservation of privacy and honor, and in guaranteeing freedom of expression, a fact that allowed the creation of legal mechanisms for regulation, such as the Marco Civil da Internet (2014). Therefore, the present research is based on the analysis of freedom of expression enshrined in the Federal Constitution and its relationship in the scope of the internet from the Civil Framework adopted in the country, thus describing the changes introduced and the theory of relativity of fundamental rights when in conflict between the principles. In view of this, the role of internet providers and the duties to be taken by them will be discussed, as well as accountability for non-compliance with the law. The research used the deductive method based on freedom of expression in social networks and the like, the historical procedure based on the evolution of the legislation and the monograph aimed at the study of the premises raised. There was a lack of legal means to punish criminal conduct, as well as the need for international legislation in view of the universality of the Internet and its numerous problems. Internet es una de las mayores innovaciones humanas durante el siglo XX, habiéndose extendido por todo el planeta en las últimas décadas, además de introducir beneficios para el conocimiento y la interacción entre los pueblos, ha brindado preocupación en la exposición de información personal; política de datos; comisión de delitos y difusión de información falsa. La sociedad cambiante observa qué medidas serían ideales para preservar la privacidad y el honor, y garantizar la libertad de expresión, hecho que permitió la creación de mecanismos legales de regulación, como el Marco Civil da Internet (2014). Por lo tanto, la presente investigación se basa en el análisis de la libertad de expresión consagrada en la Constitución Federal y su relación en el ámbito de internet desde el Marco Civil adoptado en el país, de esta manera los cambios introducidos y la teoría de la relatividad de fundamental derechos en los conflictos entre principios. Ante ello, se discutirá el papel de los proveedores de internet y los deberes que deben asumir, además de la responsabilidad por el incumplimiento de lo dispuesto en la ley. En la investigación se utilizó el método deductivo, partiendo de la libertad de expresión en las redes sociales y similares, el procedimiento histórico a partir de la evolución de la legislación y el monográfico con el objetivo de estudiar las premisas planteadas. Faltaban medios jurídicos efectivos para sancionar las conductas delictivas practicadas, así como la necesidad de una legislación internacional dada la universalidad de internet y sus múltiples problemas. A internet se traduz como uma das maiores inovações humanas durante o século XX, tendo nas últimas décadas se dispersado pelo planeta, além de introduzir benefícios ao conhecimento e interação entre os povos, tem proporcionado preocupação na exposição de informações pessoais; política de dados; prática de crimes e disseminação de informações inverídicas. A sociedade em modificação observa quais medidas seriam ideais na preservação da privacidade e honra, e na garantia à liberdade de expressão, fato que permitiu a criação de mecanismos legais para a regulamentação, como o Marco Civil da Internet (2014). Assim sendo, a presente pesquisa se firma na análise da liberdade de expressão consagrada na Constituição Federal e sua relação no âmbito da internet a partir do Marco Civil adotado no país, dessa forma se descrevera as mudanças introduzidas e a teoria da relatividade dos direitos fundamentais nos conflitos entre os princípios. À vista disso, se discorrerá sobre o papel dos provedores de internet e os deveres a serem tomados pelos mesmos, além da responsabilização pelo não cumprimento do previsto na lei. Empregou-se na pesquisa o método dedutivo partindo da liberdade de expressão nas redes sociais e afins, o procedimento histórico a partir da evolução da legislação e o monográfico visando o estudo das premissas levantadas. Constatou-se a carência de meios legais efetivos que visem à punição das condutas delituosas praticadas, bem como a necessidade de uma legislação internacional tendo em vista a universalidade da internet e seus inúmeros problemas.

Family planning (FP) has been a global health priority for decades, yet barriers persist, including women being turned away from facilities without receiving services. This study assessed the provider role and perspective in client turnaway in three districts of Malawi. In 2019, data collectors surveyed 57 FP providers from 30 health facilities. All reported being comfortable providing FP to married women with children and married adolescents under 18 years old with children, whereas 12% of the providers expressed discomfort providing such services to married adolescents under 18 without children. Sixty percent of the providers required clients desiring FP and wishing to initiate oral contraceptives or injectables to be currently menstruating. Data collectors later conducted in-depth interviews (IDIs) with 8 of the 57 providers about client turnaway. During IDIs, providers’ most frequently mentioned reasons for turnaway was client pregnancy or suspicion of pregnancy. Providers expressed fears that initiating FP with a pregnant woman could cause community mistrust in the efficacy of modern contraception. Provider support for FP waned for nulliparous clients, regardless of age or marital status. To improve FP services in Malawi, providers need continuous education on all available methods of FP, a reduction in stockouts and programs to further sensitize the community to how contraception works. Understanding how Malawi has helped providers overcome social and cultural norms regarding provision of FP to adolescents might help other countries to make improvements.

Des de l'aparició dels telèfons intel·ligents l'increment d'aplicacions ha crescut exponencialment, i una de les quals no falta mai són les aplicacions del temps. Si bé la majoria són simples widgets que et redirigeixen a les seves pàgines webs, a mesura que han sorgit noves tecnologies per a les creacions d'aquestes, han anat evolucionant. Una d'aquestes tecnologies seria per exemple Flutter, que permet desenvolupar aplicacions per a Android i IOS, els dos grans sistemes operatius que ocupen el mercat. És per això que he dirigit el meu projecte a la creació d'una aplicació per a totes dues plataformes que barregi la senzillesa dels widgets antics amb els nous estils d'aplicacions més dinàmics, amb noves funcions i mapes interactius. Al llarg d'aquesta memòria es descriurà; el procés de creació de l'aplicació; l'estudi de les API que proporcionen les dades i la creació d'aquests models de dades; el disseny de les pantalles que componen l'aplicació, des de l'esbós principal passant per les aplicacions a usar per a això, fins a la creació final d'aquestes donant una explicació detallada de cada element que ho compon i el perquè. Finalment es descriuran les funcionalitats dissenyades, tant el seu desenvolupament com la seva implementació. Una vegada totes les funcions han estat implementades, s'ha passat a la fase de testatge. L'aplicació ha estat testada en diferents models, tant en antiguitat com en grandària. Finalment, s'ha polit el disseny perquè sigui agradable i dinàmic. Finalment es mostraran les pantalles del resultat final tal com vindria després de la descàrrega des del store. Desde la aparición de los smartphones el incremento de aplicaciones ha crecido exponencialmente, y una de las que no falta nunca son las aplicaciones del tiempo. Si bien la mayoría son simples widgets que te redirigen a sus páginas webs, a medida que han surgido nuevas tecnologías para las creaciones de estas, han ido evolucionando. Una de estas tecnologías sería por ejemplo Flutter, que permite desarrollar aplicaciones para Android y IOS, los dos grandes sistemas operativos que ocupan el mercado. Es por esto que he dirigido mi proyecto a la creación de una aplicación para ambas plataformas que mezcle la simpleza de los widgets antiguos con los nuevos estilos de aplicaciones más dinámicos, con nuevas funciones y mapas interactivos. A lo largo de esta memoria se describirá; el proceso de creación de la aplicación; el estudio de las API que proporcionan los datos y la creación de estos modelos de datos; el diseño de las pantallas que componen la aplicación, desde el boceto principal pasando por las aplicaciones a usar para ello hasta la creación final de estas dando una explicación detallada de cada elemento que lo compone y el porqué. Por último se describirán las funcionalidades diseñadas, tanto su desarrollo como su implementación. Una vez todas las funciones han sido implementadas, se ha pasado a la fase de testeo. La aplicación ha sido testeada en diferentes modelos, tanto en antigüedad como en tamaño. Por último, se ha pulido el diseño para que sea agradable y dinámico. Finalmente se mostrarán las pantallas del resultado final tal y como vendría tras la descarga desde el store. Since the emergence of mobile phones the rising number of applications has been increasing exponentially, and one of the must have are the weather apps. Even though most of them are just widgets that usually redirect to their web pages, as new technologies have appeared for the development of applications, these have been evolving. One of these would be for example Flutter, which allows you to develop applications for both Android and IOs, the two most important operating systems nowadays. And that reason is why I have led my project to the development of an application for both platforms that mixes the simplicity of the old widgets with the style from the new ones, more dynamics, with new functions and interactive maps. Throughout this memory it will be described; the creation process of the application; the API study that provide us with all the data and the creation of their data models; the design of our mobile screens, from the first sketch and which applications have been used to the final design, explaining every element used and why. Lastly, all the functionalities designed will be descrived, both their development and implementation. Once all the functionalities have been implemented, it was turn to the test phase. The application has been tested with different models, both antiquity and size to check if it fits well. Lastly, the design has been polished to make it more comfortable and dynamic. Finally all the screens will be shown just as they will be after downloading it from the store.

The business practice carried out in the Comercializadora de Multidrogas SAS of the city of Monteria, in the semester 2021-2, was developed in a support modality in the marketing department in order to contribute to continuous improvement for the provision of quality services. This work aims to analyze the needs of the company in order to carry out an implementation of the improvement plan. Achieving this from the Using the DOFA matrix as a method of business analysis. Bearing in mind that several loyalty surveys were carried out on both suppliers and customers in which the aforementioned matrix could be identified and thus provide an improvement plan for the area. LISTA DE FIGURAS………………………………………………………7 LISTA DE ANEXOS…………………………………………………………8 GLOSARIO……………………………………………………………………9 RESUMEN…………………………………………….…………………….11 ABSTRACT……………………………………………..………………….. 12 INTRODUCCION………………………………………..…………………13 1. OBJETIVOS……………………………………………….……………..14 1. OBJETIVOS……………………………………………….……………..14 1.2 ESPECÍFICOS………………………………………….………………14 2. CAPITULO I: DESCRIPCION DE LA ENTIDAD………………..……15 2.1 NOMBRE DE LA INSTITUCIÓN………………………………............15 2.2 MISIÓN……………………………………………………………………17 2.3 VISIÓN…………………………………………………………………….17 2.4 OBJETIVOS ESTRATÉGICOS…..……………………………………18 2.5 VALORES ESTRATÉGICOS………………………..………………..18 2.6 ESTRUCTURA ORGANIZACIONAL…………………………………19 2.6.1. ORGANIGRAMA…………………………………………………….19 2.6.2 MAPA DE PROCESOS………………………………………………20 2.7 ACTIVIDADES DE LA ENTIDAD………………………………………20 3. CAPITULO II: DESCRIPCION DE LA DEPENDENCIA……………22 3.1 ORGANIGRAMA DE LA DEPENDENCIA…………………………………………………………22 3.2 FUNCIONES……………………………………………………………23 4. CAPITULO III: ACTIVIDADES REALIZADAS………………………..24 4.1 DESCRIPCIÓN DEL PROBLEMA………………………………………24 4.2 PLAN DE TRABAJO…………………………………………………….24 4.3 CRONOGRAMA DE ACTIVIDADES……………………………………25 4.4 DESCRIPCIÓN DETALLADA DE LAS ACTIVIDADES………………25 4.4.1 Etapa 1…………………………………………………………………25 4.4.2 Etapa 2…………………………………………………………………25 4.4.3 Etapa 3…………………………………………………………………25 4.4.4 Etapa 4…………………………………………………………………26 5 MARCO REFERENCIAL………………………………………………27 51 MARCO TEÓRICO………………………………………………………27 5.1.1 La Calidad…………………………………………………………27 5.2 MARCO CONCEPTUAL………………………………………………28 5.3 MARCO LEGAL……………………………………………………….28 5.3.1 Ley 100 d 1993………………………………………………………..29 5.3.2 Ley 1438 de 2011…………………………………………………….29 5.3.3 Ley 1753 de 2015…………………………………………………….29 5.3.4 Ley 1751 de 2015………………………………………………………31 5.3.5 Ley 1258 de 2008………………………………………………………31 5.3.6 Ley 222 de 1995………………………………………………………..31 6. RESULTADOS O LOGROS ……………………………………………33 7. CONCLUSIONES……………………………………………………….35 8. PROPUESTA……………………………………………………………36 REFERENCIA BIBLIOGRÁFICA………………………………………..37 ANEXO……………………………………………………………………..38 La práctica empresarial realizada en la Comercializadora de Multidrogas S.A.S de la ciudad de Montería, en el semestre 2021-2, se desarrolló en modalidad de apoyo en el departamento de mercadeo con el fin de contribuir con una mejora continua para la prestación de servicios con calidad. Este trabajo pretende analizar las necesidades de la empresa para así llevar a cabo una implementación del plan de mejora, logrando esto a partir de la matriz DOFA como método de análisis empresarial. Teniendo en cuenta que se llevó a cabo varias encuestas de fidelización, tanto a proveedores como a clientes, en los cuales se pudo identificar la matriz mencionada y así dar un plan de mejora para el área. Pregrado Administrador(a) en Salud Práctica Empresarial

Применение социальных сетей как площадки для продвижения услуг и товаров предприятия-провайдера позволяет воздействовать на целевую аудиторию, которая либо уже является потребителем связи данного оператора, либо заинтересована в приобретении той или иной услуги. В рамках исследования была рассмотрена возможность использования механизма стимулирования пользователей через социальные сети. Выявлены закономерности срока жизни абонента от уровня рекомендации агента влияния в социальных медиа. The use of social networks as a platform for promoting the services and goods of an enterprise provider allows you to influence the target audience, which is either already a consumer of the communication of this operator, or is interested in purchasing a particular service. As part of the study, the possibility of using a mechanism to stimulate users through social networks was considered. The regularities of the life span of a subscriber from the level of recommendation of an agent of influence in social media are revealed.

Organizational transformation is an integral part of implementing, joining, or adopting digital platforms in platform-based ecosystems. Insights into the perspective of digital platform providers presented in this paper aim to contribute to understanding the digital platform providers’ intention to implement their solution for supporting platform-based business models and operations. This research is motivated by the scarce existing literature on this matter and based on the application of qualitative data- extraction and assessment methods for identifying concepts that define the role of DP providers. Ten factors describing providers perspective were identified and which are related to previous factors describing other stakeholders’ intentions as well. By evaluating their capabilities across the conceptual model presented in this paper, providers can assess their readiness to implement DP and thereby evaluate perceived values and risks impacting their intention to implement a DP.

This paper presents an Open Government Data (OGD) publisher framework, with work roles, field of work, and environmental descriptions. Previous knowledge about publishers' work is fragmented, with gaps and variations, indicating a high level of complexity with variations in approaches and processes. A two-stage research approach, based on Design Science Research, was used to synthesize the publisher framework. First, a tentative framework was synthesized from previous research, empirical material, and public documents. Second, it was reviewed by informed OGD experts, as well as researchers attending a work conference, and evaluated in two international contexts. As a result, the publisher framework includes environments, social units, and fields of work. The publisher framework is ready to be evaluated in other international contexts, where as, practitioners can use it to inform their work.

The article analyzes the responsibility of the provider in the context of the digital single market and in the light of the characteristics of the information society. Starting from the analysis of the categories contained in Directive 2000/31/EC, it compares with the regulations contained in the Digital Service Act (2020). The analysis of the European and national jurisprudence is aimed at answering the question whether the choices made by the proposed regulation are intended to accountability and empowering the provider, comparing the purposes considered by the European legislator in Directive 2000/31/ EC and those of Digital Sevice Act.

Patient-centered communication and patient-provider relationships directly affect patient outcomes. The purpose of this study was to compare inpatient perception of provider/nurse communication in both COVID versus non-COVID diagnoses groups. A qualitative retrospective study was conducted by performing a priori coding analysis on Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems surveys from 4 different hospitals for both COVID and non-COVID diagnoses. Five themes emerged from non-COVID patient data: inconsistent health care provider communication, variable patient-provider education, pandemic influenced patient satisfaction and mental health stress, inconsistent hospital services, and stable provider professionalism. Five themes arose from the COVID patient data: provider gratitude, controversial communication methods, consistent patient education, lack of quality patient care, and poor timeliness. There is evidence of shared patient perceptions between both COVID and non-COVID patients, but also differences including timeliness and quality of care. The pandemic influenced all patients by creating non-mutually exclusive themes including overall gratitude and patient satisfaction. Future research should focus on a quantitative analysis of pandemic-related patient-provider communication effects on patient outcomes.

Continuing medical education (CME) or continuing professional development (CPD), which is currently being implemented in Ukraine, is an education throughout a professional career, which allows medical healthcare providers effectively perform their professional duties with the best results. This is achieved thanks to the coherent cooperation of accreditation bodies, providers or organizers of CPD and medical specialists, as well as by introducing an effective model of accreditation, which ensures that providers are provided medical workers with the proper education. Purpose — to describe the basic principles of educational activity within the framework of CPD, based on the provider accreditation model which is currently generally recognized and most effective in the world. Recommendations provided in the article can be used by the CME/CPD participants or stakeholders who are aimed at active participation in the implementation of a new accreditation system., Непрерывное медицинское образование (BMO) или непрерывное профессиональное развитие НПР, которое сегодня внедряется в Украине, является учебой на протяжении всей профессиональной карьеры, позволяющей медицинским работникам эффективно исполнять свои профессиональные обязанности с наилучшими результатами. Это достигается благодаря согласованному сотрудничеству аккредитационных органов, провайдеров или организаторов НПР и медицинских специалистов, а также путем внедрения эффективной модели аккредитации, которая и будет обеспечивать предоставление провайдерами надлежащего образования медицинским работникам. Цель — описать основные принципы образовательной деятельности в рамках НПР, что базируется на модели аккредитации провайдеров НПР, являющаяся общепризнанной и наиболее эффективной в мире. Рекомендации, предоставленные в статье, могут быть использованы участниками НМО/НПР или заинтересованными сторонами, которые нацелены на активное участие во внедрении новой системы аккредитации. Авторы заявляют об отсутствии конфликта интересов., Безперервна медична освіта (БМО), або безперервний професійний розвиток (БПР), що наразі впроваджується в Україні, є навчанням упродовж усієї професійної кар'єри, яке дає змогу медичним працівникам ефективно виконувати професійні обов'язки з найкращими результатами. Це досягається завдяки злагодженій співпраці акредитаційних органів, провайдерів або організаторів БПР і медичних фахівців, а також шляхом впровадження ефективної моделі акредитації, яка і буде забезпечувати надання провайдерами належної освіти dмедичним працівникам. Мета — описати основні принципи освітньої діяльності в рамках БПР, що базується на моделі акредитації провайдерів БПР, яка наразі є загальновизнаною та найефективнішою у світі. Рекомендації, надані в статті, можуть бути використані учасниками БМО/БПР або зацікавленими сторонами, які націлені на активну участь у впровадженні нової системи акредитації. Автори заявляють про відсутність конфлікту інтересів.

(1) Background: Access to hormonal contraceptives (HC) strongly differs between countries and varies from over the counter (OTC) to prescription-only availability. This study aimed to identify opinions among physicians in Switzerland regarding extended access to HC. (2) Methods: Web-based survey among physicians (gynecologists, general practitioners, and pediatricians) in Switzerland. (3) Results: Hundred sixty-three physicians, mainly gynecologists, participated in this survey and 147 (90%) were included for analysis. A total of 68% (n = 100) answered that prescription-only status could be extended under certain conditions but physicians were concerned about patients’ safety (97%, n = 142). Moreover, there was concern about insufficient patient education on HC (93%, n = 136) and that women may forego preventive examinations (80%, n = 118). Participants did not support OTC availability (93%, n = 136). Pharmacists prescribing (including initiation of HC) revealed controversial results, but a combined access model (initial prescription from physician and follow-up prescriptions by pharmacists) found acceptance in 70% (n = 103). (4) Conclusions: Participating physicians stated that prescription-only status for HC could be lifted under certain conditions but also some concerns, e.g., patients’ safety or neglection of preventive examinations, were raised. Future research should focus on specific conditions in which extended access to HC could be agreed on.

V okviru magistrskega dela z naslovom Brezplačna pravna pomoč v civilnih postopkih je predstavljen institut brezplačne pravne pomoči. Država s pozitivnimi ukrepi teži k temu, da tudi socialno šibkim posameznikom zagotovi možnost, da se seznanijo z obveznostmi in možnostmi, ki jih imajo na voljo in nato pred sodnimi organi uveljavljajo svoje pravice. Magistrsko diplomsko delo je razdeljeno na dva dela. V prvem delu je predstavljena teoretična podstat obravnavane tematike. Ta vključuje kratek zgodovinski pregled instituta brezplačne pravne pomoči, ki mu sledijo mednarodni in nacionalni pravni viri. V okviru obravnave Zakona o brezplačni pravni pomoči so natančneje predstavljeni upravičenci do brezplačne pravne pomoči, izvajalci, oblike, vrste brezplačne pravne pomoči ter postopek, ki ga je treba izvesti in v katerem se presodi, ali je prosilec upravičen do brezplačne pravne pomoči. Predstavljeno je tudi eno ključnih vprašanj za vsakega upravičenca, to so stroški postopka. Obrazložitev institutov je ustrezno podkrepljena s sodno prakso nižjih, pritožbenih sodišč, vrhovnega sodišča in ustavnega sodišča. Iz pregleda sodne prakse je razvidno, da se sodišča od sprejetja Zakona o brezplačni pravni pomoči pogosto srečujejo z vprašanji, vezanimi na institut brezplačne pravne pomoči. Drugi del naloge je praktično usmerjen. Z namenom boljšega uvida v praktično izvajanje instituta in s ciljem seznanitve o potrebi po izboljšavah na tem področju je bil pripravljen vprašalnik, ki je bil posredovan vsem odvetnikom, ki so na seznamu odvetnikov in nudijo pomoč po posameznih območnih zborih Odvetniške zbornice Slovenije. Predstavljena je analiza prejetih odgovorov o aktualni ureditvi in predlogov sprememb trenutno veljavnega besedila zakona. Brezplačna pravna pomoč je že bila namreč predmet številnih izboljšav, vendar je pri oblikovanju novih sprememb potrebno upoštevati tudi mnenja odvetnikov kot ključnih akterjev. The master's thesis with the topic Free legal aid in civil proceedings addresses the topic of free legal aid in Slovenian legal system. Through such positive measures as free legal aid, the state aims to achieve that socially vulnerable individuals become acquainted with their rights and obligations, and provides them the opportunity to exercise their rights before judicial authorities. The master's thesis is divided into two parts. The first is theoretical and describes a brief historical overview of free legal aid, as well as its international and national legal framework. Focusing primarily on national legal framework, the regulation of the Free Legal Aid Act is presented, more precisely: the beneficiaries of free legal aid, providers, forms, types, the scope of free legal aid, and the procedure of examination whether the applicant is entitled to free legal aid or not. The cost of civil proceedings, being one of the key issues for each beneficiary, is also highlighted. The theoretical part is enriched with the case-law of lower courts, the courts of appeal, the Supreme Court, and the Constitutional Court. The case-law review shows that since the adoption of the Free Legal Aid Act, the courts have often encountered issues related to the institute of free legal aid. The second part of this thesis is practice-oriented. Striving for a better feedback on the practical application of the institute, and with the aim to identify areas for potential improvement, a questionnaire was prepared and sent to all attorneys who provide free legal aid at different regional assemblies of the Slovene Bar Association. An analysis was made of the answers to the questionnaire, which provides ideas for possible changes within the current system. The institute of free legal aid had namely been subject to many improvements, however, in the event of future changes, the opinions of practitioners should be considered as the key element.

The article reveals the main approaches to determining the legal nature of the natural gas supply contract, men-tioned in the researchers of Soviet and modern Ukrainian civilians. The author gives a description of the natural gas supply contract, which by its legal nature contains the features of various civil law contracts - supply contract, transportation contract, public contract, connection contract, etc. The analysis of the main features, essential con-ditions of the natural gas supply contract, which distinguishes this contract from other civil obligations in order to distinguish the main characteristics of the relevant type of obligation as an independent.Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the Law of Ukraine “On Natural Gas Market”, the Rules of natural gas supply and the Standard contract for natural gas supply to household consumers, approved by the National Energy and Utilities Regulatory Commission, Ukraine and other regulations in the gas sector, which set out the essential terms of the contract for the supply of natural gas and the necessary requirements for its conclusion with the consumer. The conditions which are binding on the parties and established by the Regulator and those which are fixed at the discretion of the parties to the contract are specified.It is also necessary during researching of natural gas contracts determine a distinction between the conditions established for household consumers and enshrined in the model contract and non-household consumers who use gas for professional and / or commercial activities under the conditions provided for in Section II of the Rules for the supply of natural gas. Another aspect of the article is the study of the long-term development and improvement of natural gas contracts by creating transparent and competitive conditions between consumers in the market as an independent civil obligation., У статті розкриваються основні підходи до визначення правової природи договору постачання природно-го газу, зазначені у працях радянських та сучасних українських цивілістів. Автором надано характеристику договору постачання природного газу, який за своєю правовою природою містить в собі ознаки різних ци-вільно-правових договорів – договору постачання, договору транспортування, публічного договору, догово-ру приєднання тощо. Здійснено аналіз основних особливостей, істотних умов договору постачання природ-ного газу, що відрізняють зазначений договір від інших цивільно- правових зобов’язань задля виокремлення основних характеристик відповідного виду зобов’язання як самостійного.Особливу увагу приділено аналізу Закону України «Про ринок природного газу», Правил постачання природного газу та Типового договору постачання природного газу побутовим споживачам, затверджених Національною комісією, що здійснює державне регулювання у сферах енергетики та комунальних послуг, та іншим нормативно-правовим актам у газовій сфері, якими закріплено істотні умови договору про поста-чання природного газу та необхідні вимоги задля його укладення із споживачем. Окремо зазначено умови, які є обов’язковими для сторін та встановлюються Регулятором та ті, що закріплюються на розсуд сторін договору.Необхідним на етапі дослідження договору постачання природного газу є також розмежування умов, які встановлюються для побутових споживачів та закріплені у типовому договорі та непобутових споживачів, що використовують газ для професійної та/або комерційної діяльності на умовах, передбаченими у Розділі II Правил постачання природного газу.Ще одним аспектом статті є дослідження перспектив розвитку та удосконалення договору постачання природного газу з метою створення прозорих та конкурентних умов між постачальником та споживачем на ринку як самостійного цивільно-правового зобов’язання.

The paper presents an analysis of churches social service of in the context of its ability to ensure the implementation of social assistance practices which carry out by members of religious congregations. Namely to act as a provider of such interaction in society. Analyzed and compared terminological field of social service research, differences between social service, social activity, social assistance and confessional social work. The origins of social service, its content and conditions of transformation are determined. In particular, the tendency to actualize research on social service in the scientific environment is pointed out and the need to implement the task of institutionalizing social service both within churches (Second Vatican Council) and in the wider community is proved. The most notable scientific achievements of American and British sociologists are summarized; new types of social service are presented. Changes in the structure of social service, common and different in the practices of social assistance of religious associations, their relations with government agencies and civil society depending on the structure and level of institutionalization of the organization are identified. The advantages of social service are emphasized, which are that even in countries with a developed social security system, a well-established structure of social services, social assistance practices provided by members of religious congregations within social service are much more mobile and able to respond more quickly to societal challenges, due to the lack of bureaucratic procedures inherent in state structures. Particular attention is paid to defining the principles of functioning and development of social service in Ukraine, as well as social assistance practices carried out within this activity. The fight against the COVID-19 pandemic is considered in detail as the newest direction of social service. Based on the data of the National Institute for Strategic Studies, the main practices of social assistance, which are carried out within this area of social service, are analyzed. Examples of the most notable projects by confessional affiliation are also given., У статті представлено аналіз соціального служіння церков у контексті його спроможності забезпечувати здійснення практик соціальної допомоги членами релігійних конгрегацій, тобто виступати провайдером такої взаємодії у суспільстві. Проаналізовано та порівняно термінологічне поле досліджень соціального служіння, відмінності між соціальним служінням, соціальною діяльністю, соціальною допомогою та конфесійною соціальною роботою. Визначено витоки соціального служіння, його зміст та умови трансформації. Зокрема, вказується на тенденцію до актуалізації досліджень щодо соціального служіння в науковому середовищі та доводиться необхідність реалізації завдання інституціоналізації соціального служіння як всередині церков (Другий Ватиканський Собор), так і в широкому суспільному просторі. Узагальнено найбільш помітні наукові доробки американських і британських соціологів, представлено нові різновиди соціального служіння. Визначено зміни у структурі соціального служіння, спільне та відмінне у практиках соціальної допомоги релігійних об’єднань, їх відносинах з державними структурами та громадянським суспільством залежно від структури та рівня інституціалізованості організації. Підкреслено переваги соціального служіння, які полягають у тому, що навіть у країнах із розвинутою системою соціального забезпечення, усталеною структурою соціальних служб практики соціальної допомоги, котрі здійснюють члени релігійних конгрегацій в межах соціального служіння, мають значно більшу мобільність та здатні швидше реагувати на суспільні виклики внаслідок відсутності притаманних державним структурам бюрократичних процедур. Окрему увагу приділено визначенню засад функціонування та розвитку соціального служіння в Україні, а також практикам соціальної допомоги, здійснюваним в межах цієї діяльності. Детально розглянуто боротьбу з пандемією COVID-19 як новітній напрям соціального служіння. На основі даних Національного інституту стратегічних досліджень проаналізовано основні практики соціальної допомоги, котрі здійснюються в межах цього напряму соціального служіння. Також наведено приклади найбільш помітних проєктів за конфесійною приналежністю.

Purpose This study aims to investigate the level of strain and various influencing factors among informal care providers of traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in a single center in Malaysia via recruiting care providers of patients with TBI. The modified caregiver strain index (MCSI) questionnaires were utilized to ascertain the level of strain. The demographic data of informal care providers were also obtained. Independent sample t-test, analysis of variance (ANOVA), and a linear regression model were processed for data analysis. Results A total of 140 informal care providers were included in the study. More than half of informal care providers claimed to have strain (54.3%). Factors associated with increased strain include receiving tertiary education, being of Chinese background, and employed experience higher strain level. Informal care providers with characteristics such as being single, retired and provided care for 5 years experienced a lower level of strain. Conclusion Guidance on integrating the TBI knowledge into practice, assessing the care provider's level of strain regularly and providing supportive measures may aid in supporting informal care providers at risk.

In this study, we aimed at a business of lunch delivery for an after-school care in the NARA commune. It was investigated in the NARA commune, the conference of after-school care and the providers of box lunch delivery to understand about the business. We considered problems for business continuation from the survey result. It was found out that a problem in the lunch menu and a related problem are different in depending on a type of providers. They were caused by the number of box lunches which providers make. The provider which makes a lot of box lunches was able to offer the menu in which a nutrition for children was considered, but the provider was not good at improvement on the menu. And it took cooking time long, so the provider was sensitive to the order-accepting time. On the other hand, the provider which made a little number of box lunches was able to offer the menu in which the children's needs were well considered. But the provider had problem about the small number of staffs who cook and deliver the box lunch. And the biggest problem for all providers was little of the profit. This problem complicates the business continuation. It is required to support for guardian by the business. For it, the commune is necessary to reconsider the business condition and price to the providers and also to the use of IT (Information Technology) system in accepting the order.

Peruvian women experience high mortality from reproductive cancers, partially due to suboptimal cancer care utilization and experiences. In this qualitative study, we examined factors contributing to positive cancer care experiences. Our sample included 11 cancer patients and 27 cancer providers who attended the First International Cancer Symposium survivorship conference in Lima, Peru in 2015. We conducted thematic analysis. Emergent themes revealed that, for patients, individualized empathic care by providers was an important facilitator to positive cancer care experiences. For providers, the ability to provide such care depended on provider norms and facility infrastructure to support such patient-centered practices.

The relevant logistics guarantees not only economic benefits for a business, but also contributes to its long-term development, which conforms to the present and future requirements of the information society. The transformation from 1st to 5th party logistics providers is presented in this article. The concept of 5PL providers represents the scientific basis for the transformation of traditional business into virtual organizations. The 5PL providers generate flexible network cooperations between all participants and operate as a regulator of the all flows in the logistics networks of virtual organization. The evolutionary result of the 5PL concept is to create a zero-level logistics, there will be no any intermediaries.

Метою дипломної роботи є дослідження принципів організації авторизації в архітектурах FaaS–додатків, шаблонів та методів контролю ідентичності від поширених провайдерів хмарних обчислень та демонстрація прикладів практичної реалізації сервісів авторизації. З поширенням хмарних технологій, ІТ– індустрія все більше застосовує альтернативні рішення у сфері розробки та розміщення серверної частини додатків та сервісів. Значна доля розробників та власників ІТ– продуктів використовують сторонній інструментарій для організації тієї чи іншої частини власного програмного забезпечення. Таким чином, розробники ПЗ делегують певні повноваження хмарним провайдерам. Це стосується і таких складних процесів як реалізація процедури автентифікації та авторизації. Так у процесі дослідження питання організації авторизації у архітектурах FaaS–додатків, було складено порівняльні характеристики не лише сучасних шаблонів та методів контролю ідентичності, але й можливості для їх реалізації у середовищах різних провайдерів. При аналізі до уваги бралися: складність реалізації, ефективність використання у різних ситуаціях та архітектурах. Також було приведено основні можливості кожного з провайдерів хмарних рішень, що надає більш широку картину ринку в цілому. У ході проведеного в роботі аналізу зазначається, що безсерверна інфраструктура володіє достатнім переліком можливих інструментів для рішення різного типу завдань, які виникають як перед великими компаніями так і малим бізнесом. В практичній частині роботи на прикладі реалізації сервісів авторизації з використанням авторизації на основі токенів за допомогою API шлюзу у популярного провайдера Amazon Web Services, було показано, як зорганізується авторизація користувачів та сторонніх сервісів в додатках з FaaS архітектурою. Проведений в роботі аналіз може бути корисним для подальшого розгляду не тільки рішень контролю ідентичності у FaaS додатках, а й у досліджені методів та шаблонів взаємодії з базами даних та іншими сторонніми сервісами провайдерів. Створений облік ресурсів та інструментів є певним вектором розвитку даної теми у подальшому. Загальний обсяг роботи 101 с., 27 рис., 13 таблиць , 2 додатки , 20 джерел. The purpose of this thesis is to investigate the principles of authorization organization in FaaS application architectures, patterns and identity control methods in common cloud computing providers and consider examples of authorization services implementation. At a time of dramatic growth in the world of cloud technology, the IT industry is increasingly turning to alternative solutions for hosting and debugging the server parts of applications and services. A large percentage of developers and owners of IT products are resorting to using third-party tools to organize some part of their own software. Thus, delegation of certain powers occurs during software development, namely, such complicated processes as providing authentication and authorization procedures. So, in the process of research on the issue of organizing of authorization in the architectures of FaaS-applications, it was made a comparative characteristics not only of templates and methods of identity control. Namely, the possibility of organization in the environment of different providers, complexity of implementation, efficiency of use in different situations and architectures. The main features of each of the cloud solution providers were also given, provides a broader picture of the market as a whole. In the course of the study it was noted that serverless infrastructure has a sufficient list of possible tools to address different types of tasks that arise for both large companies and small businesses. On the example of implementation of authorization services, it was presented, according to which the development and configuration of the main parts of the authorization architecture of FaaS- applications takes place. The conclusion of the work is to implement an example of authorization services using different types of templates and methods. The basis of which is to cover the process of authentication and identity control of not only users but also applications. This theoretical basis for the further examination of not only solutions in the direction of identity control, but also in the study of methods and patterns of interaction with databases and other third-party services providers. The created account of resources and tools is a definite vector of development of this topic in the future. The total volume of work is 101 pages, 27 figures, 13 tables, 2 appendices, 22 sources.

V Sloveniji je zakonska pravica invalidov do osebne asistence v veljavi šele od leta 2019, ko se je v praksi začel izvajati Zakon o osebni asistenci (ZOA). Glavni namen diplomskega dela je bil pripraviti nekakšen vodnik po osebni asistenci in povezanih postopkih. S pomočjo deskriptivne metode smo razložili pojme, povezane z invalidi in osebno asistenco, s komparativno metodo predstavili različne ureditve obravnavanega področja v nekaterih evropskih državah in z normativno metodo preučili zakonodajni okvir in postopke po ZOA. V raziskovalnem delu naloge smo s kvantitativno analizo obdelali zbrane podatke in z anketiranjem uporabnikov potrdili zastavljeni hipotezi. Raziskava je pokazala, da je ZOA osebam z invalidnostjo vsekakor prinesel bistveno boljše pogoje za neodvisno življenje in da je predpisani postopek za pridobitev pravice preprost in pregleden, vendar pa v praksi občasno prihaja do zamud v posameznih fazah postopka. Po mnenju uporabnikov bi bilo treba nekoliko spremeniti ocenjevalno orodje in ustrezno zakonsko urediti področje dolgotrajne oskrbe. V diplomskem delu so zbrane informacije za morebitne uporabnike ali njihove svojce, za uradne osebe, ki delajo na tem področju, in za ostale bralce, ki jih zanima omenjena tematika. Obenem podajamo mnenja in izkušnje uporabnikov, da bi se z namenom še boljšega delovanja storitev osebne asistence izvedli določeni popravki. Naloga pa daje tudi pomemben prispevek k ozaveščanju študentov in splošne javnosti o invalidih in pomenu pozitivne diskriminacije. In Slovenia, the legal right of persons with disabilities to personal assistance has only been in force since 2019, when the Personal Assistance Act (PAA) was implemented in practice. The main purpose of the thesis was to prepare a kind of guide to personal assistance and related procedures. Using the descriptive method, we explained the concepts associated with handicapped persons and personal assistance, presented different arrangements on this topic in some European countries using the comparative method and examined the legislative framework and procedures under the PAA using the normative method. In the research part of the paper, we processed the collected data using quantitative analysis and confirmed the set hypotheses by interviewing users. The research showed that the PAA has certainly brought significantly better conditions for independent living for persons with disabilities and that the procedure for obtaining the right is prescribed in a simple and transparent way, but in practice there are occasional delays at individual stages of the procedure. According to users, the assessment tool requires some adjustmnent and the area of long-term care regulated accordingly. The thesis gathers information for potential users or their families, for officials working in this field and for other readers interested in this topic. At the same time, we provide the opinions and experiences of users in order to make certain corrections to improve the functioning of personal assistance services. However, the task also makes an important contribution to raising awareness among students and the general public about people with disabilities and the importance of positive discrimination.

The collaborative economy comprises resource circulation systems where consumers can act as both obtainers and providers of products and services. Despite considerable research on collaborative economies, there is a dearth of understanding of how individuals switch from being an obtainer to a provider. We address this void in the literature. The objective of this paper is to conceptually introduce and empirically substantiate the switchover concept, which occurs when an individual switches from a user role to a provider one—drawing on 31 in-depth semi-structured interviews with collaborative economy obtainers. The findings suggest that personal values, learning experience, social benefits, mutuality, and peer influence drive obtainers to become providers. In contrast, distrusting strangers, a sense of intimacy, a lack of resources to share, and a lack of skills inhibit the switchover process. Our findings contextualize the drivers and inhibitors idiosyncratically to convert obtainers into providers, offer important implications for managers, contribute to the collaborative economy and sharing economy literature and suggest compelling avenues for future research.

The sharing economy could be said to disrupt who does what in exchanges. This paper categorises the roles played by users, providers, and platforms in different interpretations of the sharing economy. It asks: What different roles do the users, providers, and platforms play in the sharing economy? And: How do the roles differ in various interpretations of the sharing economy? The paper classifies the different interpretations based on their market/non-market logic and concludes that roles are more extensive for users and providers in non-market logic interpretations, while market logic suggests that the platform acts more roles. The user is, despite the peer-to-peer connotation of the sharing economy, often quite passive. Contributions are made to the emerging literature on the sharing economy through highlighting its many different interpretations, where roles help to systematise these. The paper furthermore contributes to the literature on roles through highlighting them as transitory and expanding beyond expectations related to digitalisation. Practically, the systematisation of roles helps to navigate among various business model designs and makes informed decisions when launching platforms in the sharing economy. Additionally, the focus on roles raises important questions on risk sharing, resource provisions, and the creation of value for each participating party.

Cilj ovoga rada bio je upoznati se s pojmom franšize, ispitati pozitivne i negativne strane franšize, proći sam proces njene kupovine, te analizirati franšizno poslovanje (kako u svijetu, tako i u Hrvatskoj). Sve veći broj kompanija odlučuje se upravo za ovu vrstu poslovanja zbog manjeg rizika od neuspjeha, kao i manjih iznosa potrebnih za ulaganje, a dobiva se i prepoznatljivost na tržištu zbog brenda koji je već etabliran. U Republici Hrvatskoj, u odnosu na druge Europske zemlje, ovaj oblik poslovanja i nije u tolikoj mjeri iskorišten, te bi se trebalo uložiti napore da se ovaj oblik poslovanja bolje približi potencijalnim poduzetnicima., The aim of this paper was to get acquainted with the concept of franchise, to examine the positive and negative sides of the franchise, to go through the process of its purchase, and to analyze the franchise business (both in the world and in Croatia). An increasing number of companies are using this type of business due to the lower risk of failure, as well as the smaller amounts required for investment, and gaining recognition in the market due to the brand that is already established. In the Republic of Croatia, in relation to other European countries, this form of business is not so common, and efforts should be made to bring this form of business closer to potential entrepreneurs.