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This note addresses how ignoring may be investigated as an interactional phenomenon. Ignoring-related practices can be stated to produce absences in the data rather than presences. Thus, their scrutiny poses challenges for analysts. We argue that inspiration can be found in Billig’s work, which leverages a relational understanding of unconscious processes combined with the close attention to interactional details associated with the conversation analytical approach. We conceptualize the practices of ignoring through the psychodynamic concept of blindness to demonstrate the combined approach in an exemplary analysis of data obtained from an emergency call center.

El presente artículo traza líneas de conexión entre la estrategia programática del Partido Comunista de España y su aplicación efectiva en los contextos locales una vez adopta la Política de Reconciliación Nacional en 1956. Mediante el análisis del caso de los comunistas de un pueblo de Granada, comprobaremos cómo la aplicación táctica de “fundirse con las masas” situó a su organización como la primera de estas características descubierta por la policía hasta ese momento. A partir de la asociación cultural de “Los Celtas”, los comunistas de Maracena abrieron nuevos espacios de interrelación que representaban a sectores populares de la sociedad rural que lograban iniciarse en el aprendizaje político. Las resonancias políticas y sociales fueron de tal importancia, que se incrusta en el imaginario popular el término “Rusia chica” y el PCE consigue un arraigo en la localidad que no abandonará hasta la década de los noventa., This article draws lines of connections between the Communist Party of Spain´s programme strategy and effective application in the local contexts once the adoption of the Policy of National Reconciliation in 1956. By analysing the case of the comunists in a village of Granada, we small see how the implementation of these tactics consisting in “melting into the mass” positioned their organisation as the first of its kind, discovered by the police up to that point. From the cultural association “The Celtics”, the from Maracena open up new areas of interrelation representing sectors of the rural society importance that the term “small Rusia” is embedded in the popular imagination and PCE became deeply rooted among the people of his village which will remain until the nineties.

Funder: Syöpäjärjestöt (Cancer Society of Finland); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100006383, Funder: Jane ja Aatos Erkon Säätiö (Jane and Aatos Erkko Foundation); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100004012, Funder: Sigrid Juséliuksen Säätiö (Sigrid Jusélius Foundation); doi: https://doi.org/10.13039/501100006306, Here we describe a competitive genome editing method that measures the effect of mutations on molecular functions, based on precision CRISPR editing using template libraries with either the original or altered sequence, and a sequence tag, enabling direct comparison between original and mutated cells. Using the example of the MYC oncogene, we identify important transcriptional targets and show that E-box mutations at MYC target gene promoters reduce cellular fitness.

La violence des femmes est doublement exceptionnelle, car la violence est majoritairement le fait des hommes et les femmes sont principalement judiciarisées pour des infractions non violentes. Si les femmes ne recourent pas à la violence dans les mêmes proportions que les hommes, leurs actes de violence sont toutefois variés, des homicides et violences volontaires aux violences sexuelles. Cette réalité de la violence des femmes contraste pourtant avec la perception sociale de la violence et amène à questionner les frontières de genre. L’objet de cet article est dès lors de dresser un état des lieux de la violence féminine, dans sa réalité judiciaire et dans sa perception sociale., The violence of women is doubly exceptional because violence is mostly caused by men and women are mainly prosecuted for non-violent offences. Although women do not use violence in the same proportions as men, their acts of violence are varied, from homicides and voluntary violence to sexual violence. This reality of women’s violence, however, contrasts with the social perception of violence and raises questions about gender boundaries. The purpose of this article is therefore to draw up an inventory of the situation of female violence, in its judicial reality and in its social perception.

This work was supported by a PhD studentship awarded to the first author by Canterbury Christ Church University. This paper presents an analysis of identity leadership (Haslam et al., The new psychology of leadership: Identity, influence and power, Routledge, 2020) in the 1988 ?Candlelight Demonstration? in Bratislava which was a precursor to the 1989 Velvet Revolution. The analysis is based on interviews with the five remaining leaders of the demonstration and addresses three core issues. First, how leaders use performative means (identity impresarioship) as well as limited rhetorical means (identity entrepreneurship) to assemble protestors and create a sense of shared identity amongst them. Second, how these strategies of mobilization are linked to the highly repressive context in which the demonstration took place. Third, we analyse the extent to which these strategies are rooted in a psychological understanding of the processes of mobilization. We conclude by addressing the implications for our general understanding of leadership and the mobilization of collective action and the need for more research into these processes under conditions of repression. Publisher PDF

Stalinistična tema, ki je posebna predvsem za rusko literaturo 20. stoletja,najde odziv tudi v delih tujih avtorjev. V sodobni slovenski dramatiki se je k temu groznemu času sovjetske zgodovine obračal Rudi Šeligo. Njegova politična drama Ana (1984), ki prikazuje tragično usodo poklicne revolucionarke iz Jugoslavije v Sovjetski zvezi ob koncu 30. let, je bila uprizorjena še pred prvo rusko gledališko uspešnico na to temo - igro Strma pot (1989) po romanu Jevgenije Ginzburg. The theme of Stalinism that is most particular to the Russian literature of the 20th century finds response in the works of foreign authors. In the modern Slovene drama, this terrible period of Soviet history has explored by Rudi Šeligo. His political play Ana (1984), showing the tragic fate of a professional revolutionary from Yugoslavia in the Soviet Union in the late 1930s was staged before the first Russian theatrical hit on this theme - the play A Steep Road (1989), based on the novel by Jevgenija Ginzburg.

La guerra del Chaco librada entre Bolivia y Paraguay entre 1932 y 1935 constituye un importante evento de la historia boliviana, que merece continuar siendo investigado en base a nuevos temas y problemas. En esta dirección, el presente artículo se propone abordar una cronología nunca antes considerada en relación a la historia del anarquismo en Bolivia, superpuesta con el desarrollo de la guerra. A partir del análisis de un corpus documental en gran parte inédito, recompondremos el camino, hasta ahora desconocido, que este movimiento recorrió durante el período, considerando la intervención de la dupla represión-resistencia. Discutiendo algunos tópicos comunes presentes en la historiografía, revelaremos que el estallido del conflicto no supuso para aquel ni su inmediata desarticulación, ni su ‘súbita extinción’. En dicha dupla encontramos la agencia de los actores que se opusieron a la contienda y en la resistencia individual y colectiva, el puente que une las etapas de la pre y la pos-guerra., The Chaco War between Bolivia and Paraguay (1932-1935) is an important event in Bolivian history, one that warrants further investigation by engaging new issues and problems. This article addresses a chronology never before considered, that of the history of anarchism in Bolivia, which overlaps with the unfolding of the war. From the analysis of a largely unpublished corpus of documents, we reconstruct the (until now) unknown trajectory of the anarchist movement during the period, considering the intervention of a repression-resistance duality. Discussing some common topics arising from the historiography, we reveal that the outbreak of the conflict did not mean either its immediate disarticulation or its sudden extinction. In that duality we find the agency of the actors who opposed the conflict, and in the individual and collective resistance, the bridge that links the stages of pre- and post-war., Universidad Pablo de Olavide

The aim of this paper is to offer a general perspective on the “victor/ vanquished” dichotomy as a result of the new power balance in the period following the Spanish Civil War. The power balance administered by the Franco regime includes, inevitably, the “vanquished” management. I argue that the “victor/vanquished” distinction provides a sociological background to speak about the “two Spains” meta-historical metaphor as a social reality during Francoism., O objectivo do artigo é oferecer uma perspectiva geral acerca da dicotomia “vencedor/ vencido” como resultado do novo equilíbrio de poder que emerge em Espanha após a guerra civil. A administração deste equilíbrio por parte do regime franquista inclui a gestão do contingente dos vencidos. Argumenta-se que a distinção “vencedor/vencido” proporciona o fundamento sociológico necessário que converte a metáfora meta-histórica das “duas Espanhas” numa realidade social durante o franquismo.

A finales de septiembre de 2022, en el sitio de memoria ex ESMA las investigadoras Marina Franco y Claudia Feld presentaron el libro que dirigieron: ESMA. Represión y poder en el centro clandestino de detención más emblemático de la última dictadura argentina. Explicaron que el libro tiene un doble aspecto político: contestar a las preguntas planteadas por el revisionismo y transmitir conocimiento más allá del mundo académico. Una pr...

Resumen : En los años sesenta la música popular uruguaya experimenta un significativo proceso de cambio, paralelamente a la gestación y desarrollo de la dictadura cívico-militar, que se extiende hasta 1985. En el marco de una dialéctica entre la renovación conceptual e ideológica de la música, el candombe se convierte en un referente indiscutible en la construcción de las identidades de los uruguayos y en un factor de crítica al orden impuesto. Résumé : Dans les années soixante, la musique populaire uruguayenne a commencé un exceptionnel processus de changement, en parallèle à la formation et au développement de la dictature civique et militaire, qui dura jusqu’en 1985. Dans le contexte d’une dialectique entre le renouvellement conceptuel et le renouvellement idéologique de la musique, le candombe devient une composante indiscutable de la construction des identités des Uruguayens et un élément de critique de l’ordre imposé. Abstract: In the sixties, Uruguayan Popular Music experienced an exceptional process of change, in a parallel course to the raise and development of civic-military dictatorship, which runs until 1985. In the environment of the dialectic between conceptual and ideological renewal of music, the Candombe grows as an undeniable component of the construction of identity for the Uruguayans and at the same time as an element of criticism to the established order.

LITURGICAL VESTMENTS IN REPRESSION Paraments in the Dutch Republic as Bearers of Identity, 1580-1650 Liturgical vestments are the most striking and most valuable components of the material culture of the Catholic Church. The Reformation that was implemented in the Northern Netherlands around 1580 and the subsequent innovations prescribed by Rome had major consequences for these treasures. During this period, the Catholics in the Dutch Republic were driven to the margins of society. They were initially forced to congregate in private houses. It was not until the course of the seventeenth century that hidden churches were created. Nevertheless, as early as the sixteenth century, a start was made on reassembling a church inventory and a basic wardrobe with salvaged items. At the same time, new liturgical vestments were made as well. How were design and symbolism applied in the liturgical vestments to confirm the past of the church (continuity) on the one hand and to renew the church from within (discontinuity) on the other? In this interdisciplinary research, the unique collection of church vestments of Museum Catharijneconvent and the collections of several Old Catholic churches in our country form the research material. Combined with archival research, literature study and research in contemporary sources, a new story about identity and oppression emerges.

LITURGICAL VESTMENTS IN REPRESSION Paraments in the Dutch Republic as Bearers of Identity, 1580-1650 Liturgical vestments are the most striking and most valuable components of the material culture of the Catholic Church. The Reformation that was implemented in the Northern Netherlands around 1580 and the subsequent innovations prescribed by Rome had major consequences for these treasures. During this period, the Catholics in the Dutch Republic were driven to the margins of society. They were initially forced to congregate in private houses. It was not until the course of the seventeenth century that hidden churches were created. Nevertheless, as early as the sixteenth century, a start was made on reassembling a church inventory and a basic wardrobe with salvaged items. At the same time, new liturgical vestments were made as well. How were design and symbolism applied in the liturgical vestments to confirm the past of the church (continuity) on the one hand and to renew the church from within (discontinuity) on the other? In this interdisciplinary research, the unique collection of church vestments of Museum Catharijneconvent and the collections of several Old Catholic churches in our country form the research material. Combined with archival research, literature study and research in contemporary sources, a new story about identity and oppression emerges.

LITURGICAL VESTMENTS IN REPRESSION Paraments in the Dutch Republic as Bearers of Identity, 1580-1650 Liturgical vestments are the most striking and most valuable components of the material culture of the Catholic Church. The Reformation that was implemented in the Northern Netherlands around 1580 and the subsequent innovations prescribed by Rome had major consequences for these treasures. During this period, the Catholics in the Dutch Republic were driven to the margins of society. They were initially forced to congregate in private houses. It was not until the course of the seventeenth century that hidden churches were created. Nevertheless, as early as the sixteenth century, a start was made on reassembling a church inventory and a basic wardrobe with salvaged items. At the same time, new liturgical vestments were made as well. How were design and symbolism applied in the liturgical vestments to confirm the past of the church (continuity) on the one hand and to renew the church from within (discontinuity) on the other? In this interdisciplinary research, the unique collection of church vestments of Museum Catharijneconvent and the collections of several Old Catholic churches in our country form the research material. Combined with archival research, literature study and research in contemporary sources, a new story about identity and oppression emerges.

En juillet 2022, Lazhari Labter, journaliste, écrivain et éditeur algérien, publie une lettre ouverte au président de la République française, lui demandant d’intervenir pour la restitution de la clé et des étendards de la ville algérienne de Laghouat. Il adresse aussi une missive au directeur général des Archives nationales algériennes, pour qu’il intervienne sur ce sujet. Clé des portes de Laghouat, musée de l’Empéri, Salon-de-Provence Une telle initiative renvoie à un épisode particuliè...

Les Italiens constituent encore aujourd’hui l’une des plus grosses communautés étrangères en Belgique. Ils sont surtout connus pour leur arrivée massive à partir de 1946, quand ils sont venus travailler dans les mines belges, mais ils étaient déjà nombreux avant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Par ailleurs, leur flux ne s’est pas tari et chaque jour un grand nombre d’Italiens viennent, surtout à Bruxelles, à la recherche de stabilité économique et sociale. Cet article se penche, grâce aux nouvelles recherches sur les Italiens de Belgique, sur les raisons politiques de l’émigration italienne vers la Belgique de l’après-Seconde Guerre mondiale, pour montrer que l’attitude politique des Italiens en Belgique découle, encore actuellement, des circonstances politiques qui ont motivé leur départ. Italians still constitute one of the largest foreign communities in Belgium. Though they are best known for their massive arrival from 1946 on, when they came to work in the Belgian mines, Italian migrants were already largely present in Belgium before the Second World War. This flow has never stopped and today many Italians keep coming especially to Brussels in search of economic and social stability. Through new research on the presence of Italians in Belgium, this article analyses the political reasons for Italian emigration to Belgium after the Second World War. Results indicate that today’s political attitudes of Italians in Belgium are still influenced by the political circumstances that motivated their departure. Gli italiani costituiscono ancora oggi una delle più grandi comunità straniere in Belgio. Sono conosciuti soprattutto per il loro arrivo massiccio a partire dal 1946, quando vennero a lavorare nelle miniere belghe, tuttavia erano già numerosi prima della seconda guerra mondiale. Questo flusso non si è mai fermato e oggi molti italiani arrivano soprattutto a Bruxelles, in cerca di stabilità economica e sociale. Grazie a nuove ricerche sugli italiani in Belgio, questo articolo esamina le ragioni politiche dell’emigrazione italiana in Belgio dopo la seconda guerra mondiale, per mostrare che l’atteggiamento politico degli italiani in Belgio è ancora influenzato dalle circostanze politiche che avevano motivato la loro partenza.

Japanese cedar (JC, Cryptomeria japonica) pollen allergens are the primary cause of JC pollinosis, a widespread seasonal allergic disorder and a significant public health issue in Japan. Nevertheless, rare information on repressing the pollen allergens released from JC pollen is available. This study aims to validate the repression of allergen Cry j 1 (the dominant JC pollen allergen that triggers JC pollinosis) using todomatsu oil produced from Abies sachalinensis waste, through surface plasmon resonance (SPR) experiments, sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE), and blind docking simulation. The findings revealed that todomatsu oil reduces the antibody reactivity and content of allergen Cry j 1 by 85.96% and 42.12%, respectively. The docking modeling suggested that alkyl hydrophobic forces, pi–sigma bonding, and hydrogen bonding are the principal motivating forces for todomatsu oil components to dock with allergen Cry j 1. More than 50% of the amino-acid residues docked by each todomatsu oil component (except α-pinene) are hydrophobic. Furthermore, oil components, especially β-maaliene, exhibited potent repression of allergen Cry j 1. Consequently, todomatsu oil, due to its inexpensive, available, convenient, and ecologically beneficial nature, is a viable measure to repress allergen Cry j 1.

The repression-protest nexus in authoritarian regimes has attracted scholarly attention of contention scholars for a long time. However, studies have generally overlooked pro-government actors’ role in contentious dynamics. This article introduces an original event dataset on protests, repression, and pro-government rallies in Turkey under the rule of the Justice and Development Party during a period in which authoritarianism has increased in intensity. Using protest event analysis, this dataset includes actions of governments, pro-government actors, and dissidents hand-coded from two newspapers between 1 January 2013, and 31 December 2016. The dataset enables researchers to study pro-government rallies (PGRs), anti-government protests, and state actions during a heightened period of contention in Turkey.

This special issue honours James Ost's (1973-2019) contributions to our understanding of false and distorted remembering. In our editorial, we introduce some of James' distinctive research themes including the experiences of people who retract "recovered" memories, social (e.g., co-witness and interviewer influence) and personality influences on false remembering, the nature of false remembering itself (e.g., different types of false memories; false memories vs. false beliefs), public understanding of (false) memory, and a historical link to the work of Frederic Bartlett. We illustrate these themes through a number of key publications. The unifying thread behind James' work is his core interest in false/distorted remembering in real-life (typically high-stake) situations, in line with his engagement with the British False Memory Society and his role as an expert witness in court trials. The articles included in this special issue elaborate on the research themes to which James devoted his career and his curiosity.

Advances in digital technology are fundamentally reshaping the nature and dynamics of control mechanisms in authoritarian states. While there has been a surge in research on the strategies autocracies use to enhance control over the internet, scholarship on "digital authoritarianism" insufficiently acknowledges the concentration of power in increasingly integrated digital infrastructures and the transnational dependencies this has given rise to. In this article we argue that authoritarian states' dependence on foreign digital technologies and services can shape and constrain their capacity to control, surveil, and repress domestically. To illustrate our argument, we examine how Russia's war against Ukraine and the sanctions imposed on Russia in response have influenced its domestic repressive capacities. Assessing the period February-September 2022, we find that the war has had an ambiguous effect, both providing enhanced capacity for digital authoritarianism and undermining the future integrity of the digital infrastructures on which this repressive apparatus relies on.

Los eventos que han sacudido a Chile han sido documentados por la población civil y por colectivos de cineastas, quienes han trabajado de manera colaborativa en el desarrollo de videos documentales de contra-información y de difusión online. Les événements qui ont secoué le Chili ont été documentés par la population civile et par les collectifs de cinéastes, qui ont travaillé en collaboration dans le développement de vidéos documentaires de contre-information et de diffusion en ligne.

Contournant les routes principales, il se hâta en direction de l’hôpital. Mais les étroites rues pavées étaient aussi pavoisées, et aux fenêtres, au seuil des portes, les gens bavassaient. On entendit chanter quelque part : Lajos Kossuth l’a annoncé,Son régiment est épuisé.S’il l’annonce encore une foisNous partirons tous d’un seul pas. Vive la liberté de la Hongrie,Vive la patrie… Ce n’était pas un chœur entraîné, à l’évidence. Le chant se rapprocha, et à un tournant la foule apparut. C’étai...

Elle entra dans l’appartement comme si elle ne le connaissait pas. Elle ne reconnut pas le geste par lequel elle repêcha la clé, son bruit dans la serrure. Elle ne portait rien, mais elle avait le bras aussi lourd que si la chaise et la couverture continuaient d’y pendre comme au moment de descendre à la cave. Derrière elle la cage d’escalier tournoyait, tourbillonnait. Pas, voix, cliquetis de vaisselle, du cinquième jusqu’à la cave. Et soudain le silence, puis des tirs au loin. Fusil ? Mitra...

1 La villa fut bâtie sur les pentes orientales de la Colline des Roses, au cours de l’été 1939, trois mois avant que la guerre n’éclate. Son propriétaire, József K., était architecte et promoteur immobilier, copropriétaire de la SARL Ciment et Calcaire de la Région danubienne. C’est l’architecte en personne qui avait dessiné la maison à un étage. Au rez-de-chaussée, il avait aménagé une salle à manger et un salon ; à l’étage, où l’on pouvait accéder par un escalier de bois vernis, deux grande...

Mourir, je n’ai pas d’idéal pour ça –et tu en as toujours bien abusé,tu me rassurais : des idéaux, il n’y en pas,juste un ciel gris l’hiver et bleu l’été.Ainsi, mon cœur, tout doucement tu m’as renduincapable du moindre mouvement moralet ce fut beau jusqu’à ce que tu te lasses de moi,mais continuer à vivre ne fut pas pour autant malhonnête. Telle un gros chat castré, vit en moi à présentcette pensée, comme dans un appartement :j’ai gaspillé tous les idéauxque j’ai trouvés ici en soixante-et-u...

Ange issu du ciel – précipite-toiJusqu’à Budapest gangréneux et froidLà où, au milieu des chars soviétiques,Les clochers demeurent mutiques.Là où la Noël ne scintille pasOù aux arbres ne brille pas l’or des noix,Où il n’est rien que gel, frisson et faim.Dis-leur, de sorte qu’ils comprennent bien.Parle bien fort du fond de la nuit :Ange, du miracle apporte le bruit. Fais claquer tes ailes rapidement,Vole, plonge, car ils t’attendent tant.Mais ne va pas leur parler de ce mondeQue la lueur d’une...

R., après des rêves lourds, hantés de cauchemars, se réveilla. La canonnade s’était tue. Il tira à lui, tout grelottant, sa robe de chambre, et gagna d’un bond la fenêtre. Il faisait à peine clair. Sur la vaste place dépeuplée une automobile retournée fumait encore, et autour d’elle trois hommes gisaient, immobiles, fixant le ciel bas et gris. De l’autre côté, derrière un pan de mur détruit, les secrets des appartements se révélaient, du rez-de-chaussée au grenier. Meubles couverts de poussiè...

1 La porte de la chambrée s’ouvrit à la volée, un infirmier jeta un paquet marron au bout de son lit. Ses camarades de chambre faisaient la queue devant la salle de bain, personne ne le regarda. Yuri se rassit sur son lit, commença à disséquer le paquet. Dehors, le ciel s’éclaircissait. La ficelle était lâche, mais ses doigts ne s’en sortaient pas avec les nœuds. Il eut des sueurs froides. Quand il en eut fini, il s’aperçut que le tissu marron était sa veste. À l’intérieur, il trouva un panta...

Peu avant le couvre-feu, l’étudiant introduisit en cachette, dans l’appartement du professeur de médecine, la mitraillette dissimulée sous son imperméable. Il n’avait aucun poids sur la conscience. Il n’était d’ailleurs pas plus inquiet que ça, la seule chose qu’il craignait était de s’emporter et d’en arriver à faire de la peine au vieil homme. L’immense entrée nue, qu’il n’avait connue jusqu’à présent qu’en plein jour, avec ses coins perdus dans l’ombre et ses murs intouchables, révélait dé...

Il ne m’a pas été facile de retrouver la maison de Herta, pourtant elle habitait toujours au même endroit. Je n’étais allé chez elle qu’une seule fois, il est vrai. Ce n’était qu’un saut, en voiture, pour chercher quelques affaires dont elle avait besoin. Depuis, plus de vingt ans se sont écoulés et le mur de Berlin a été érigé. Pour atteindre sa maison, il faut faire un grand détour, prendre d’abord le S-Bahn, puis le métro, et terminer par un bon bout de marche, car le mur barre le chemin. ...

Le sang des feuilles qui tombent Ma valise elle-même, en fibre vulcanisée, partageait mon excitation lorsque je descendis du tram 61 et entrepris de monter la rue Himfy. J’étais plus sûr de moi quatre ans auparavant à Tapolca au moment d’entrer au lycée en première année ; ici, j’étais un bizut de l’université, arrivant devant un portail inconnu, celui du collège Eötvös, parmi des camarades de chambrée et d’études qui m’étaient étrangers. Je défis ma valise, un étudiant de la classe supérieur...

1 La lumière, la lumièreau bout des baïonnettes brille.Ce n’est pas de cette lumière,dont j’avais, moi, le désir.Le vent, le ventcharrie l’odeur des soldats.N’emporte pas, vent d’automnece en quoi j’avais encore foi.Le sang, le sangme bat au cerveau, sauvagement.Ô Dieu, Dieu, si tu existes,viens en aide à notre sang. Cluj, 1956, nuit du 25 octobre. 2 Le long du Danube, des chenilles broientla révolution à présent :goutte sur la neige le sang de mes sangs,pourquoi, Aurore, as-tu fait feu sur m...

Pour la première fois, les lecteurs français vont découvrir les récits et poèmes consacrés par quelques-uns des plus grands écrivains hongrois à l’insurrection de 1956, cette grande « révolution antitotalitaire » (Raymond Aron) qui a marqué l’histoire et révélé au monde la résistance des consciences à la tyrannie stalinienne. Sándor Márai, György Konrád, Ferenc Karinthy, Tibor Déry, István Örkény et tant d’autres, jusqu’aux générations plus récentes comme Krisztina Tóth ou István Kemény, nous font revivre ces quinze jours de liberté folle et de rêves brisés, dans des textes pour la plupart inédits en français. De cette épopée de tout un pays, leurs écrits nous montrent toute la complexité humaine : le lyrisme et le courage, mais aussi les douleurs, les doutes et la mémoire contrariée.

1956 est l’un de ces rares événements de l’histoire de la Hongrie qui marque aussi, sans conteste, une grande date dans l’histoire universelle. L’insurrection du peuple hongrois, à Budapest et dans les provinces, constitua, selon le mot de Raymond Aron, une véritable « révolution antitotalitaire », un modèle de défense et illustration de la liberté sous la chape de plomb de l’empire soviétique. Par l’ampleur et la ferveur de la mobilisation populaire, estudiantine et ouvrière, par la violence...

Le policier sortit un gros trousseau de clés de sa poche. Chacune avait une étiquette en carton attachée par une ficelle, et sur chaque étiquette un numéro était tracé au crayon. – Veuillez vous donner la peine d’entrer, dit-il après avoir trouvé la clé recherchée, et il ouvrit la porte. – Ou plutôt, veuillez attendre un peu, que j’apporte une ampoule. Il nous laissa devant la porte ouverte. Il regagna le couloir, y dévissa l’ampoule de la seule lampe, et l’emporta dans l’obscurité. Tandis qu...

Tu étais impersonnel comme les autres en veste –dirigeant à lunettes, ta voix n’était pasde métal, car tu ne savais trop quoi dire impromptu à toute cette foule réunie. L’impromptu voilàce qui t’était inhabituel. Déçu,je t’écoutais, vieillard à lorgnon,je ne connaissais pas encore la cour de béton, où le procureursûrement dégoisa le jugement, ni le rude frottement de la corde, honte ultime. Qui donc dira ce qui aurait pu être ditde ce balcon. Les possibilités mitrailléesne reviennent pas. Pri...

Là où il y a tyrannietyrannie il y apas seulement à la gueule des fusilspas seulement en prison il y a tyranniepas seulement dans les chambres d’interrogatoire,ni dans la voix de la sentinellecriant dans la nuit pas seulement dans le réquisitoiresombre et fumeuxpas seulement dans les aveuxet le Morse du prisonnier pas seulement dans la sentenceglacée du juge prononçant : coupableil y a tyranniepas seulement dans le « garde-à-vous ! » dans ce cri de la raideur militaire : « Feu »dans le roulem...

« Où étiez-vous le 23 octobre 1956 et que faisiez-vous le 4 novembre 1956 ? », m’a demandé au début des années quatre-vingt-dix, dans une petite ville, une jeune journaliste qui remplissait l’hebdomadaire local de ses poèmes, reportages, éditoriaux et nouvelles mondaines. Le 23 octobre, je ne portais pas d’arme, le 4 novembre, j’en avais déjà une, mais sur le moment, je ne sus lui dire pourquoi il en avait été ainsi. Le premier jour était, je me souviens, une belle matinée ensoleillée, le num...

Le temps qu’en pyjama je titube jusqu’en bas, mes parents s’y trouvaient déjà. C’était à la fois bizarre et effrayant. Nous restions là à cligner des yeux sous le néon du garage en regardant la tête. Car, de lui, on ne voyait qu’une tête, la tête qu’il avait forcée dans la chatière en poursuivant le matou. Il avait pu entrer, mais en sortant il s’était coincé, et voilà : ni dehors, ni dedans. Autour des oreilles son pelage saignait. Ma mère l’empoigna, ouvrit l’un des deux battants et commenç...

Pour Zsuzsa – Et après, n’allez pas vous soûler dans le premier bistro venu – dit le sergent, pendant que l’homme remettait sa montre et enfilait l’anneau à son doigt. Pour la première fois après six ans. Il ne répondit pas. Dehors l’été faisait rage. Les couleurs. Le ciel était bleu, les arbres verts, les tramways jaunes. Les femmes, oiseaux d’agrément multicolores. Il observait tout et tout le monde : un miracle qu’il ne prit pas une gifle. Ceux qui, à l’époque, quand ils le voyaient, chang...

The relevance and scientific novelty of the article are determined by the fact that it substantiates the legality of condemning the wars, mass repressions and famines committed by Muscovy against the Ukrainian nation as unpunished crimes against humanity, that is, those of a genocidal nature. This approach makes it possible to realize the goal of the research in a new way, to further understand the current stage of the full-scale war against Ukraine as a continuation of the implementation of the centuries-old imperial strategy of genocide, aimed at the total exsanguination of the Ukrainian people, the destruction of their national statehood, cultural heritage, erasure of historical memory and capture of their territory. The task is to investigate the commonality of the goal, methods, means, the nature of the cause-and-effect relationships of wars, famines of the 1920s – 1940s and the military invasion of 2014-2022, as a typical series of numerous crimes “in-perpetuity” aimed at the destruction of Ukraine. The research is based on the fundamental principles of the methodology of the Ukrainian studies: on documentary evidence; scientific works of Ukrainian studies, those of historical, philosophical, legal and demographic nature; statistical material;, periodicals and Internet resources.Adhering to the chronological principle, this article studies the nature and genetic roots of the criminal policy of Muscovy against Ukraine, especially the peculiarities of its later essence, which was most fully manifested in the process of establishing the Russian-Bolshevik regime on Ukrainian territory, in the organization of mass repressions and famines of 1921-1923, 1932-1933 and 1946-1947 and how the new wave of that policy was repeated in the current bloody war. All these unpunished crimes are equally premeditated, pre-programmed, truly genocidal in nature and have the same misanthropic goal: the physical extermination of the Ukrainian people and the cultural neutering its primordial desire to liberate itself, assert itself or build its own state. The inspirers, organizers and executors of such policies are found to be the totalitarian-imperial regimes in the form of Communism- Bolshevism in the 1920s-1940s, Brezhnevism and modern "Putinism" as a variation on the ideology and practice of Hitler's Nazism and Stalin's Bolshevism. Attention is drawn to the similarity of the methods and means of implementing genocidal policy through starvation, repression and deportation in the 1920s - 1940s and the current war, the use in it not only of the latest weapons, cyber technologies, massive missile strikes, prohibited ammunition, phosphorous and cluster bombs, but also repression against the civilian population, mass maraudings, deportations, torture, the establishment of concentration camps and in general creation of intolerable conditions for human lives.The article justifies a conclusion that the unpunished past crimes of the Stalinist-Bolshevik regime, primarily the wars, mass repressions and famines of the 1920s-1940s, committed against the Ukrainian people are the direct historical antecedent of the current war of the Russian Federation against Ukraine. A number of suggestions have been made regarding the further investigation of the problem of unpunished crimes of the Russian and Soviet Empires, the heir of which is the extant Russian Federation under the current Putin regime, and the development of safeguards to prevent their repetition in the future., Актуальність і наукова новизна статті визначаються тим, що в ній обґрунтовується правомірність віднесення воєн, масових репресій і голодоморів, учинених Московією щодо української нації, до непокараних злочинів проти людяності, тобто таких, що мають геноцидний характер. Такий підхід дає можливість по-новому реалізувати мету дослідження, осмислити сучасний етап повномасштабної війни проти України як продовження багатовікової імперської стратегії геноциду, націленого на тотальне обезкровлення українського народу, знищення його національної державності, культурної спадщини, стирання історичної пам’яті і захоплення території. Завдання статті: дослідити спільність мети, близькість методів, засобів, тотожність причинно-наслідкових зв’язків воєн, голодоморів 1920–1940-х рр. і воєнного вторгнення 2014–2022 рр. як типових серій численних злочинів перманентного характеру, спрямованих на знищення України. Дослідження ґрунтується на основоположних принципах методології українознавчого пізнання, документальних свідченнях, наукових працях українознавчого, історичного, філософського, правничого і демографічного характеру, матеріалах статистики, періодичних видань та інтернет-ресурсів.Дотримуючись проблемно-хронологічного принципу, відстежено природу і генетичне коріння злочинної політики Московії проти України, особливості її новітньої сутності, яка найповніше проявилася в процесі насадження російсько-більшовицького режиму на українських землях, в організації масових репресій та голодоморів 1921–1923, 1932–1933 та 1946–1947 рр. і як нова хвиля повторилася у нинішній кровопролитній війні. Усі ці непокарані злочини мають однаково зумисний, наперед запрограмований, по-справжньому геноцидний характер і однакову людиноненависницьку мету: фізичне винищення української нації, унеможливлення її споконвічного прагнення визволитись, самоствердитись і побудувати власну державу. Їх натхненниками, організаторами і виконавцями виступає тоталітарно-імперський режим у формі комуно-більшовизму в 1920–1940-х рр., брежнєвщини і сучасного путінізму як різновидності ідеології та практики гітлерівського нацизму та сталінського більшовизму. Звернуто увагу на схожість методів і засобів реалізації геноцидної політики шляхом голодної смерті, репресій, депортацій у 1920–1940-х рр. і нинішній війні, застосування в ній не тільки найновіших озброєнь, кібертехнологій, масованих ракетних ударів, заборонених боєприпасів, фосфорних і касетних бомб, але й репресій щодо цивільного населення, масових пограбувань, депортацій, катувань, заснування концтаборів і створення нестерпних умов для життя людей.Обґрунтовано висновок про те, що історичним попередником теперішньої війни РФ проти України є непокарані минулі злочини сталінсько-більшовицького режиму, передусім війни, масові репресії і голодомори 1920–1940-х рр., вчинені проти українського народу, імперська ідеологія. Висловлено низку пропозицій щодо подальшого дослідження проблеми непокараних злочинів російської і радянської імперій, спадкоємницею яких є РФ з її путінським режимом, вироблення запобіжників для недопущення їх повторення в майбутньому.

The article examines the process of the Bolshevik regime's introduction of strict supervision over the works of representatives of the scientific and educational intelligentsia of the Ukrainian SSR in 1929-1936 and their removal from library collections in case of detection of "harmful" ideas in them or recognition of their author as an "enemy of the people".

As ASEAN Chair in 2022, Cambodia navigated through a complex geopolitical environment, with the heightened rivalry between China and the United States, the Russia-Ukraine conflict and the Myanmar crisis. While 2022 saw the return of tourists and foreign investors, and the economic outlook looks promising for 2023, there are signs that Cambodia is still recovering from the various effects of the covid-19 pandemic. For most Cambodians, 2022 was dominated by inflationary pressures driven by higher global fuel and fertilizer prices, and economic hardships due to growing risks posed by climate change. These issues work as more or less visible tension lines, and contribute to increasing social and economic inequalities at different scales. Within this context, the Government strengthened state control and stepped up its means of oppression against its critics. Ahead of the national elections in 2023, the ruling party won the local elections in June and endorsed Prime Minister Hun Sen’s eldest son as the next prime ministerial candidate.

In the 1920s, the fast-developing industrialization gave rise to an increasing population of urban workers in China. For Chinese writers, how to represent this emerging working class had become an important but challenging issue. Under this context, Yu Dafu's Intoxicating Spring Nights (1923), which successfully narrates a story about a young intellectual male and a factory girl, provides an imaginary site to observe the interaction between labor and gender. Although critics in both Japan and China highly acclaimed this short story, they seemed to share conflicting ideas, especially regarding the relationship between the narrator and the factory girl as well as the motif of the story. By analyzing this and some other texts by Yu Dafu, this paper intends to figure out how Yu depicted the factory girl in his self-expression text as a symbol of idealization and repression. In so doing, the author found a way to reform his subjectivity, which resulted in a different interpretation ofintoxicating Spring Nights compared with previous criticism.

What does science tell us about memory phenomena such as false and repressed memories? This issue is highly pressing as incorrect knowledge about these memory phenomena might contribute to egregious effects in the courtroom such as false accusations of abuse. In the current article, we provide a succinct review of the scientific nature of false and repressed memories. We demonstrate that research has shown that about 30% of tested subjects formed false memories of autobiographical experiences. Furthermore, this empirical work has also revealed that such false memories can even be implanted for negative events and events that allegedly occurred repeatedly. Concerning the controversial topic of repressed memories, we show that plausible alternative explanations exist for why people claim to have forgotten traumatic experiences; explanations that do not require special memory mechanisms such as the unconscious blockage of traumatic memories. Finally, we demonstrate that people continue to believe that unconscious repression of traumatic incidents can exist. Disseminating scientifically articulated knowledge on the functioning of memory to contexts such as the courtroom is necessary as to prevent the occurrence of false accusations and miscarriages of justice.

What does science tell us about memory phenomena such as false and repressed memories? This issue is highly pressing as incorrect knowledge about these memory phenomena might contribute to egregious effects in the courtroom such as false accusations of abuse. In the current article, we provide a succinct review of the scientific nature of false and repressed memories. We demonstrate that research has shown that about 30% of tested subjects formed false memories of autobiographical experiences. Furthermore, this empirical work has also revealed that such false memories can even be implanted for negative events and events that allegedly occurred repeatedly. Concerning the controversial topic of repressed memories, we show that plausible alternative explanations exist for why people claim to have forgotten traumatic experiences; explanations that do not require special memory mechanisms such as the unconscious blockage of traumatic memories. Finally, we demonstrate that people continue to believe that unconscious repression of traumatic incidents can exist. Disseminating scientifically articulated knowledge on the functioning of memory to contexts such as the courtroom is necessary as to prevent the occurrence of false accusations and miscarriages of justice. ispartof: MEMORY vol:30 issue:1 pages:16-21 ispartof: location:England status: published

The objective of this paper is to explore the political implications of the Covid-19 pandemic in the Central Asian countries of Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. Studies displayed that although these governments varied in their initial response to the pandemic, all three underwent a uniform experience as to its broader effect of amplified authoritarianism. The public health crisis was utilized as a pretext to consolidate autocratic power, suppress regime criticism, and restrict the political rights and freedoms of citizens. Of particular concern were implications on media and civil society organizational efforts, statuses of detainees, ethnic minority rights, and freedoms of assembly and speech. This paper is an in-depth case analysis that uses policy analysis and process tracing to examine the Central Asian countries’ response to Covid-19 and its effects on human rights and political freedoms in the named countries. It concludes that despite the changes in leadership and relative progress towards democratization, authoritarian patterns ensued and changed form during the pandemic period in these Central Asian countries.

Cet article examine des œuvres de la littérature pour adolescents européenne, américaine, israélienne et russe, réunies par le thème de l’horizon dans les livres sur la guerre et les répressions. Ce thème se révèle à travers l’image, d’une part, d’un abri d’où l’on ne peut voir le large horizon, et, d’autre part, à travers celle d’une vaste étendue de mer ou de steppe suggérant l’évasion et l’espoir de salut. Dans un premier temps, il sera question des livres sur l’Holocauste, où sont présentes ces deux images de la vaste mer qui promet le salut et de l’espace exigu offrant un abri sûr. Les livres traitant de la répression stalinienne en Russie fournissent un point de comparaison. Le thème de la steppe comme espace de liberté et de salut y prédomine. Le thème de la mer réapparaît dans la littérature russe relative aux événements de la guerre menée par l’URSS en Afghanistan. Cette image de la mer comme espace de liberté s’avère particulièrement importante pour aborder le thème de la fuite hors de l’Allemagne de l’Est. La littérature contemporaine en langue anglaise reprend aussi le thème d’une hypothétique troisième guerre mondiale. Elle a alors également recours à la dichotomie entre l’horizon large et le refuge secret. Dans toutes ces œuvres, les personnages cherchent un asile ou, à l’inverse, la liberté. Une caractéristique importante des paysages littéraires choisis pour l’analyse est l’absence de routes et de points de repère. Les personnages, et avec eux les enfants lecteurs, sont alors confrontés à la tâche d’explorer ces paysages sans l’aide et les conseils des adultes, sans moyen de navigation ni certitude de réussir. The article discusses the works of European, American, Israeli, and Russian teens’ literature with the common theme of the horizon in books about war and repressions. This theme unfolds through the images, on the one hand, of a refuge space that precludes the view of the wide horizon, and on the other hand, of an endless space of a sea or a steppe that allows an escape and hope for salvation. The article firstly discusses the books about the Holocaust where both images are present: the endless sea that promises freedom, and the confined space that serves as a secret hideout. The article compares these books to the texts about Stalin’s repressions in Russia; these Russian books predominantly use the image of a steppe as a space for freedom and escape. The sea theme arises again in the book about the Soviet Afghan War. The same image of the sea as a space for freedom appears when the escape from East Germany is discussed. In contemporary English-speaking literature, the theme of a possible third world war also emerges in conjunction with the dichotomy of a broad horizon and a secret haven. The characters of all these books are seeking either refuge or freedom. The important feature of the books that were included in the analysis of the literary landscapes is the lack of known routes and landmarks. The characters, together with the children readers, face the challenge of familiarization with these landscapes without any help and instructions from adults, as well as without any instrument of navigation or guarantee of success. В статье рассматриваются произведения европейской, американской, израильской и русской подростковой литературы, объединенные темой горизонта в книгах о войнах и репрессиях. Эта тема раскрывается через образы, с одной стороны, убежища, из которого не виден широкий горизонт, и с другой, бескрайнего простора моря или степи, предполагающего побег и надежду на спасение. В первую очередь рассматриваются книги о Холокосте, где присутствуют оба эти образа – бескрайнего моря, обещающего спасение, и тесного пространства, обеспечивающего надежное укрытие. Для сравнения проводится анализ книг, посвященных теме сталинских репрессий в России, где преобладает тема степи, как пространства свободы и спасения. Тема моря снова появляется в русской литературе, связанной с событиями советской Афганской войны. Тот же образ моря, как пространства свободы, оказывается особенно важен при обращении к теме побега из Восточной Германии. В современной англоязычной литературе поднимается и тема предполагаемой третьей мировой войны, где также рассматривается дихотомия широкого горизонта и тайного убежища. Герои всех этих произведений ищут убежища или, напротив, свободы. Важным свойством выбранных для анализа литературных ландшафтов становится отсутствие маршрутов и ориентиров. Герои, а вместе с ними и дети-читатели, сталкиваются с задачей освоения этих ландшафтов без помощи и указаний взрослых, без способов навигации или гарантированного успеха.

En la extensa obra del escritor argentino Andrés Rivera (1928-2016), el término zurdo aparece sobre todo en las nouvelles o los cuentos publicados en el siglo XXI y el contexto de enunciación corresponde al de la redacción y publicación de los relatos. Para realizar este trabajo, nos basamos en las siguientes obras: Esto por ahora (2005), Punto final (2006), Estaqueados (2008), Guardia Blanca (2009) y Kadish (2011). La frecuencia del uso de zurdo –palabra despectiva– en la narrativa tardía de Rivera se explica en parte por la reiteración de ciertos temas en las distintas obras, pero también porque en el ocaso de su vida, el escritor y ex militante del PC no deja de evocar las luchas de la izquierda argentina, la represión que sufrió y el presente distópico en el que vive. A partir de los diferentes usos y usuarios de la palabra, veremos a qué simpatizantes o militantes de izquierda remite el término y en qué medida corresponde al enemigo interno que hay que neutralizar. Por último, nos interesaremos en el alter ego ficticio del escritor, Arturo Reedson, zurdo emblemático presente en cuatro de las cinco obras del corpus y observador implacable de la derrota de la izquierda. Dans l’œuvre vaste de l’écrivain argentin Andrés Rivera (1928-2016), le terme zurdo apparaît surtout dans les romans brefs ou les nouvelles publiés au XXIe siècle et le contexte d’énonciation correspond à celui de la rédaction et publication des récits. Cet article s’appuie donc sur les ouvrages suivants : Esto por ahora (2005), Punto final (2006), Estaqueados (2008), Guardia Blanca (2009) et Kadish (2011). L’emploi fréquent de zurdo –terme péjoratif– dans la production narrative tardive de Rivera s’explique en partie par la réitération de certains thèmes dans les différents ouvrages, mais aussi parce qu’au soir de sa vie, l’écrivain et ex militant du PC n’a de cesse d’évoquer les luttes de la gauche argentine, la répression que celle-ci a endurée et le présent dystopique dans lequel il vit. A partir des différents usages et usagers du mot, nous verrons à quels sympathisants ou militants de gauche il renvoie et dans quelle mesure il correspond à l’ennemi intérieur qu’il faut neutraliser. Enfin, nous nous intéresserons à l’alter ego fictif de l’auteur, Arturo Reedson, gauchiste emblématique présent dans quatre des cinq ouvrages du corpus et observateur implacable de la déroute de la gauche. In the extensive work of the Argentine writer Andrés Rivera (1928-2016), the term zurdo appears mainly in short novels or short stories published in the 21st century, and the context of enunciation corresponds to that one of the writing and publication of the stories. This article is therefore based on the following books: Esto por ahora (2005), Punto final (2006), Estaqueados (2008), Guardia Blanca (2009) and Kadish (2011). The frequent use of zurdo –a pejorative term– in Rivera's late narrative production can be explained in part by the reiteration of some themes in the different works, but also because in the twilight of his life, the writer and former CP activist never stops evoking the struggles of the Argentinean left, the repression it endured and the dystopian present in which he lives. From the different uses and users of the word, we will see to which left-wing sympathisers or militants it refers and to what extent it corresponds to the enemy within that must be neutralised. Finally, we will look at the author's fictional alter ego, Arturo Reedson, an emblematic leftist, present in four of the five books in the corpus and a relentless observer of the rout of the left.

The HD-ZIP III transcription factor REVOLUTA (REV) is involved in early leaf development, as well as in leaf senescence. REV directly binds to the promoters of senescence-associated genes, including the central regulator WRKY53. As this direct regulation appears to be restricted to senescence, we aimed to characterize protein-interaction partners of REV which could mediate this senescence-specificity. The interaction between REV and the TIFY family member TIFY8 was confirmed by yeast two-hybrid assays, as well as by bimolecular fluorescence complementation in planta. This interaction inhibited REV’s function as an activator of WRKY53 expression. Mutation or overexpression of TIFY8 accelerated or delayed senescence, respectively, but did not significantly alter early leaf development. Jasmonic acid (JA) had only a limited effect on TIFY8 expression or function; however, REV appears to be under the control of JA signaling. Accordingly, REV also interacted with many other members of the TIFY family, namely the PEAPODs and several JAZ proteins in the yeast system, which could potentially mediate the JA-response. Therefore, REV appears to be under the control of the TIFY family in two different ways: a JA-independent way through TIFY8, which controls REV function in senescence, and a JA-dependent way through PEAPODs and JAZ proteins.