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This is a proposal for publishing resource papers as registered reports in the Northern European Journal of Language Technology. The idea is that authors write a data collection plan with a full data statement, to the extent that it can be written before data collection starts. Once the proposal is approved, publication of the final resource paper is guaranteed, as long as the data collection plan is followed (modulo reasonable changes due to unforeseen circumstances). This proposal changes the reviewing process from an antagonistic to a collaborative enterprise, and hopefully encourages NLP resources to develop and publish more high-quality datasets. The key advantage of this proposal is that it helps to promote responsible resource development (through constructive peer review) and to avoid research waste. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Data papers have been defined as scholarly journal publications whose primary purpose is to describe research data. Our survey provides more insights about the environment of data papers, i.e., disciplines, publishers and business models, and about their structure, length, formats, metadata, and licensing. Data papers are a product of the emerging ecosystem of data-driven open science. They contribute to the FAIR principles for research data management. However, the boundaries with other categories of academic publishing are partly blurred. Data papers are (can be) generated automatically and are potentially machine-readable. Data papers are essentially information, i.e., description of data, but also partly contribute to the generation of knowledge and data on its own. Part of the new ecosystem of open and data-driven science, data papers and data journals are an interesting and relevant object for the assessment and understanding of the transition of the former system of academic publishing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This is the first question one should consider before submitting a paper to an international journal. The answer is simple: If researchers or practitioners from another country can learn something from your paper that can influence a practice or a research they are involved in, then your paper is relevant for an international audience. There are many elements that can influence in this cross-border transferability. One could think that having a big "n", or performing complex statistical calculations, or using complicated study designs makes the paper more attractive to colleagues from other countries. These elements can help, but they are not sufficient. On the other hand, one could think that a study performed in a small hospital in a given country will never be of interest for these foreign colleagues. That is not necessarily correct. Let's burst some myths. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the paper is to highlight "The Pulitzer Project," an in-depth research project that captivated students and taught them that research is closely linked to strong storytelling. This paper examines the use of multiple literacies, multimodality, and transmedia approaches in developing literacy and helping students share engaging stories. This project is a structured, longterm process that begins with the traditional research paper, includes a multimedia webpage, and results in a viral podcast. Through these various iterations of research, students learn to tell stories that they believe need to be heard in a variety of ways for a variety of audiences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and objectives With an increasing number of racial/ethnic minorities in the U.S., nursing research frequently involves the use of multiple languages, especially to promote the understanding of educational materials related to nursing care. Furthermore, with a recent emphasis on innovation in health-related research, the use of technology is prominent in nursing research. However, practical issues in the use of multiple languages, especially in technology-based intervention studies, have rarely been reported and/or discussed in nursing literature. The purpose of this paper is to identify practical issues in conducting a technology-based intervention study using multiple languages among Asian American breast cancer survivors. Methods In a large-scale technology-based breast cancer intervention study, research team members wrote memos on issues in translation process and plausible reasons for the issues. Then, the memos and written records were analyzed using a content analysis. By using individual words as the unit of analysis, line-by-line coding was done, and idea categories representing practical issues were extracted from the codes. Results Six themes representing the practical issues were extracted. Issues were found in recruiting and retaining bilingual research team members; maintaining consistency in translation process; keeping cultural and conceptual equivalence; repeating IRB protocol modifications; finding and using existing translated versions; and arranging technological aspects related to electronic multiple-language versions. Conclusion The use of multiple languages in a technology-based intervention study is feasible. However, it is necessary to effectively manage unforeseen challenges through various strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the topics related to scientific papers, patents, and invention which includes invention considered to solve a specific problem, the patent is an exclusive right granted to a patentee for using his invention with a commercial purpose and scientific paper is more humane.

This paper reports on a study evaluating the value of a documentary as a key medium to communicate design research. We present information from the evaluation of a second screen application using video as well as a scientific paper, in order to assess how the efficacy and usefulness of using such a documentary for science communication is perceived when compared to a scientific paper. Techniques of a method called Design Documentary , developed to inspire design research teams through video, combined with science journalism were the basis of the production. Twelve researchers and students were shown the documentary and asked to read the paper in counter-balanced order. Our qualitative results show that the documentary as a complementary means of communication can bring benefits to research communication, since it delivers information the paper cannot provide. However, the fact the video is not suited for peer review might restrict its place when compared to the paper. On the overall, participants thought both formats are valuable and are complementary. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Discusses the use of ink attachment force to paper in paper recycling operations by researchers from Vancouver, British Columbia. Introduction of a range of ink and paper combinations into the feed furnish of a newspaper deinking plant; Problems encountered in attaining pulp quality targets during changes in furnish composition; Measurement of the ink removal as a function of applied force for various ink-paper combination found in a typical old newspaper feed furnish.

The article reports on the studies conducted on the loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) to improve its quality and use in high-value grade paper. It states that the loblolly pine have poor quality and are used only in low-grade paper such as newsprint. The study indicates that chemical pretreatments can improve the quality of the mature pine pulp thus making it possible to use in high-grade lightweight coating paper. It also mentions the method of pre-calendering in order to reduce surface roughness to be able to obtain good coating and uniform coverage.

The article reports on the second part of the LCA studies which has been used in the pulp and paper industry. LCA is the holistic appraisal of the environmental impacts associated with a product chain. The purpose of this article is to characterize and understand the methodologies that have been used in reported LCA studies. It was found that many LCA studies fail to resolve certain elements as defined by the standard International Organization for Standardization (ISO) methodology, in the quality assessment component. According to the author, North American methodologies and databases are needed to be developed since most of the methodologies and databases used in the studies are appropriate for the European context.

The article provides information on the case studies regarding the use of modern clothing designs in order save energy costs in paper making. Accordingly, the high costs of energy due to used of paper machines had caused the shutting down of non-competitive mills. The author suggests that in order to save costs of energy consumption, industries must install modern paper machine clothing designs.

The article presents a study about the use of use polarized light reflectometry technique in analyzing a wide-scale of coated papers from pulp mills in the U.S. The polarized light reflectometry technique measures roughness and refractive index of the surface which can help in examining the surface porosity properties. The study aims to show how the technique can provide information about surface porosity, composition, and structure. The study reveals that the technique is useful for investigating of the coating structure and explains the source of gloss. However, the technique needs further applications and materials to be studied to examine its consistency.

In this commentary, the authors discuss the implications of A. S. Green, E. Rafaeli. N. Bolger, P. E. Shrout, and H. T. Reis's (2006) diary studies with respect to memory. Researchers must take 2 issues into account when determining whether paper-and-pencil or handheld electronic diaries gather more trustworthy data. The first issue is a matter of prospective memory, and the second is a matter of reconstructive memory. The authors review the research on these issues and conclude that regardless of the type of diary researchers use, several factors can conspire to produce prompt--but inaccurate--data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The authors applaud A. S. Green, E. Rafaeli, N. Bolger, P. E. Shrout, and H. T. Reis's (2006) response to one-sided comparisons of paper versus electronic (plastic) diary methods and hope that it will stimulate more balanced considerations of the issues involved. The authors begin by highlighting areas of agreement and disagreement with Green et al. The authors review briefly the broader literature that has compared paper and plastic diaries, noting how recent comparisons have relied on study designs and methods that favor investigators' allegiances. The authors note some sorely needed data for the evaluation of the implications of paper versus plastic for the internal and external validity of research. To facilitate evaluation of the existing literature and assist in the design of future studies, the authors offer a balanced comparison of paper and electronic diary methods across a range of applications. Finally, the authors propose 2 study designs that offer fair comparisons of paper and plastic diary methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This commentary discusses 4 issues relevant to interpretation of A. S. Green. E. Rafaeli, N. Bolger, P. E. Shrout, and H, T. Reis's (2006) article: (a) Self-reported compliance in medical settings has generally been substantially higher than verified compliance, suggesting that this is not a rare phenomenon; (b) none of the studies reported in Green et al. explicitly verified paper diary compliance; (c) the impact of participant motivation on diary compliance is unknown, and it may be difficult for researchers to accurately assess it in their own studies; and (d) without objective verification of diary compliance, analysis of the effects of noncompliance on data quality is difficult to interpret. The authors conclude that compliance in paper diaries and the effects of noncompliance on data quality are still unsettled issues. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective - Conferences are essential opportunities for professional development and for learning about research. This study analyses papers presented in the Research Forum track of the International Association of School Librarians (IASL) conferences to determine whether the amount of school library research reporting increased or decreased over time; who (i.e., what author roles and affiliations) has written about research; which countries were represented in the research articles; what topics were discussed in research articles; and what research methodologies were used. The aim was to determine the extent to which the Research Forum provides research evidence that relates to practice. Methods - This study continues the longitudinal analysis of published school library research begun by Clyde (1996) by analyzing Research Forum papers published in IASL conference proceedings from 1998-2009 and using the same approaches and metrics as previous studies by Clyde (e.g., 1996; 2002; 2004), Clyde and Oberg (2004), and Oberg (2006). Results - Conference paper topics, author origins, quantities, and research approaches remained static through the 11 years analyzed. The analysis reveals that the papers' authors, methods, and topics reflected those found in previous studies of school library research. As well as replicating previous studies, the role of academic research at a practitioner-based conference was investigated. Conclusions - Based on long-established imperatives from leaders in the profession, the IASL conferences provide both evidence and evidence based practice for school librarians from all over the world. However, when scholarly research is shared at practitioner venues, it is possible that school librarians may assume that research results constitute evidence based practice (EBP), not evidence upon which practice should be based. This distinction is important if considering that the purpose of academic research is to objectively inform, not to advocate a particular position or practice. The Research Forum can be a valuable venue for the presentation of empirical research findings and conclusions and objective program evaluations and provide a valuable complement to the evidence based practice descriptions shared in the Professional Papers portion of the conference program. It is argued that the Research Forum must be clear in its purpose: to present the results of research; to present effective practice determined by rigorous evaluation; or to present research-supported arguments for the support of school libraries. Through a reconceptualizat ion of EBP, the paper demonstrates how EBP is both a method and a methodology for the presentation of school library research and practice in a conference atmosphere. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this paper is to discuss the development of modern nursing in Italy. Specifically, the paper aims to draw attention to the fact that while nursing in Italy has mirrored developments in Europe, in many respects the advancement of the profession is much less accelerated. The paper considers the reasons for this and the contributing factors and explores possible solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers several tips for writing a research paper. These tips include understanding the processes that must be followed in writing such as performing a well-conducted research, following the guidelines of the journal that will publish the study, and using a suitable paper structure. It notes that research papers can help advance researchers' academic careers.

Abstract: The analysis of the constituents of fingerprints has been described numerous times, mainly with the purpose of determining the aging effect on fingerprints or showing the differences between donors or groups of donors. In this paper we describe the use of derivatized amino acids to determine the efficacy of the visualization reagents 1,8-diazafluoren-9-one (DFO) and ninhydrin. At present certain conditions are used for the application of these reagents, as determined by trial-and-error investigations, to the effect on fingerprints. The recovery of amino acids from a porous surface can be used as a measure for the efficacy of a visualization agent. In this paper we describe a method for the determination of the amount of amino acid left after reaction with well known fingerprint visualization reagents. This will allow a more scientific approach to method development for fingermark enhancement techniques. Furthermore, investigations on the influence of the concentration of fingermark amino acids, the order of application of and exposure time to reagents and the influence of age of the amino acids were carried out. These studies have resulted in a broader understanding of the mechanism involved in visualization of fingermarks using DFO and ninhydrin. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The authors review commentaries by J. E. Broderick and A. A. Stone (2006); H. Tennen, G. Aftteck, J. C. Coyne, R. J. Laden. and A. DeLongis (2006); and M. K. T. Takarangi, M. Garry, and E. F. Loftus (2006) on their original article (A. S. Green. E. Rafaeli. N. Bolger, P. Shrout, & H. T. Reis. 2006). The authors were pleased to find more agreement than disagreement regarding the choice of methods for conducting diary studies. It is clear that continued critical evaluation of all diary methods, both paper and plastic, is warranted. However, on the basis of their initial findings, the authors conclude that paper diaries are still likely to have a valuable place in researchers' toolboxes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the mock research paper. It states that one of the benefits of the mock research paper is that it reminds students to read critically. The author notes that the mock research paper combines creative writing with academic writing. The assignment given to students helps them focus on crafting an argument and learning genre conventions while postponing unit the actual research paper. He adds that students must also learn to read research paper reports with a critical mind since the mock research paper teaches these lessons.

Abstract: A paper which has received more citations than the number of references in that paper is called a successful paper (SP). The assessment based on the number of SP produces comparable scores for scientists working in different disciplines of science, and in different countries. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The article discusses important methods in preparation for writing a scientific, peer-reviewed journal paper. It highlights the need to consider the appropriate journals, understand its various components and the professional ethics, co-authors and internal review. Moreover, the significance of being a paper reviewer in gaining knowledge of what constitutes as a high-quality research paper is also emphasized.

Technical terms are vital elements for understanding the techniques used in academic research papers, and in this paper, we use focused technical terms to explore technical trends in the research literature. The major purpose of this work is to understand the relationship between techniques and research topics to better explore technical trends. We define this new text mining issue and apply machine learning algorithms for solving this problem by (1) recognizing focused technical terms from research papers; (2) classifying these terms into predefined technology categories; (3) analyzing the evolution of technical trends. The dataset consists of 656 papers collected from well-known conferences on ACM. The experimental results indicate that our proposed methods can effectively explore interesting evolutionary technical trends in various research topics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reading is the most common way that adults learn. With the exponential growth in information, no one has time to read all they need. Reading original research, although difficult, is rewarding and important for growth. Building on past knowledge, the reader should select papers about which he already holds an opinion. Rather than starting at the beginning, this author suggests approaching a paper by reading the conclusions in the abstract first. The methods should be next reviewed, then the results--first in the abstract, and then the full paper. For efficiency, at each step, reasons should be sought not to read any further in the paper. By using this approach, new knowledge will be obtained and many papers will be evaluated, read, and considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective -- To compare the impact and ageing of conference proceedings with that of scientific literature in general, as reflected in citation characteristics. Design -- Citation analysis. Setting -- Thomson's Science Citation Index, Social Science Citation Index, and Arts and Humanities Citation Index (CD-ROM version). Subjects -- Conference proceedings citations. Methods -- The Thomson citation indexes were searched to identify all citations to conference proceedings in natural sciences and engineering (NSE) and social sciences and humanities (SSH) from 1980 to 2005. Keywords in English, Spanish, Italian and German, truncated terms (such as 'bienn'), single letters (such as P), and numbers were combined to retrieve all possible citations. Additional filters to exclude citations to publications other than proceedings were applied to the P search results, which had accounted for 75% of the total results. The references remaining in the P search set were validated using Google Scholar and WorldCat. Finally, two random samples of 1,000 references were checked manually to determine the extent of false positives and false negatives in the results. Main Results -- The study's findings are presented for NSE and SSH separately, with 1.7% of NSE citations and 2.5% of SSH citations referring to conference proceedings. The total number of citations to proceedings has increased over the period 1980-2005, however, citations to proceedings in NSE and SSH as a proportion of all citations decreased during this time. A small increase in the average number of proceedings citations per paper was found for NSE and SSH. When this increase is compared to the overall increase in references per paper over this period, the share of proceedings citations per paper has decreased. Of all fields in NSE and SSH, only engineering has increased the proportion of proceedings citations, rising from 7% to 10% in the period studied. In 2005, the share of proceedings citations in NSE (excluding engineering) was below 3%, and for SSH it was below 1.5%. The share of proceedings citations varies across different fields within NSE and SSH. Engineering fields and computer science range from around 5% (general engineering) to 19.6% (computers) in the share of proceedings citations, with only five of the 109 NSE fields having 10% or more as a share of proceedings citations. SSH has only one field (ergonomics, 7.6%) with a share of proceedings citations over 5%. Transport studies has a share of proceedings just under 5%, followed by the field information science & library science with proceedings citations at 3.3%. In relation to the ageing characteristics of proceedings citations overall, the findings show a median age of 4.0 years compared with 6.1 years for citations to literature in general. The difference between the age of NSE cited proceedings and NSE cited literature in general had decreased during the period specified. In 1980, the median age of NSE cited proceedings was 6.3 years compared with 9.3 years for NSE citations to literature in general. In 2005, the median ages were 8.4 years and 10.1 years, respectively. The median age of SSH cited proceedings in 2005 was 10.3 years, compared with 14.2 years for all SSH cited literature. Cited literature in general is older for SSH (14.2 years) than NSE (10.1 years), but the age difference between proceedings cited in the two discipline areas is almost half this. A number of fields in NSE (such as physics, chemistry, and engineering) indicate a greater difference between the age of cited proceedings and literature in general, while for others (such as biology and biomedical research) the ageing characteristics are similar. In SSH, the difference between age of cited proceedings and literature in general is greater. Fine arts and psychology proceedings citations are 43% younger than citations to literature in general; literature cited proceedings are 42% younger, and social sciences 31% younger.… [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper seeks to extend research on gender differences in spoken discourse into the domain of written academic discourse. A corpus of 78 conference papers written by education researchers for a conference in Australia in 2001 was examined to determine whether there were significant differences in the use of hedges and boosters. It was found that male authors were more likely to use boosters although there was no significant difference in the frequency of hedges. It was noted, however, that men were more likely to use the less common and women the more common hedges. Collaboration and first author effects were also observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article reports on a research paper about quantifying transit-oriented development's ability to change travel behavior, which won the Innovative Intermodal Solutions for Urban Transportation Paper Award. The research paper presents a modern approach for determining transit ridership and vehicle trips for two hypothetical transit-oriented developments (TODs) in Sacramento, California.

The article reports on a research paper about the stochastic delay prediction model for real-time incident management. The research paper won the 2007 Daniel B. Fambro Student Paper Award given by the Institute of Transportation Engineers. In the paper, the authors established that a failure to account for the uncertainty that exists in predicting incident severity systematically and consistently underrates the impact of incidents to a large enough degree that incorrect management decisions are made.

Writing and publishing a research paper in a peer-reviewed journal is a complicated process. This paper tries to take some of the mystery out of that process by describing how a good research paper should be structured, and how the journal submission process works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This commentary reports on the advances that have occurred over the 10-year period since the first National Workshop to Develop the Chiropractic Research Agenda was held and introduces the second set of white papers that were produced as a result of the 10th annual Research Agenda Conference. Four working groups were convened to update the original 5 white papers that represented the most significant results from the first workshop in 1996. Each group was to review the first report, examine the action steps and recommendations that were published in each report to see how much had been completed in the past decade, and develop new action steps and recommendations for the future. Four new articles were developed, each updating and adding significant amounts of new research to the original versions. New action steps and recommendations will help move the profession forward into the future. Chiropractic scientists have worked diligently over the past decade to address the recommendations noted in the first set of white papers. Despite significant advances in knowledge and scientific capacity, the chiropractic profession is still confronted with a large number of research challenges. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Études Inuit Studies is the property of Centre interuniversitaire d'etudes et de recherches autochtones (CIERA) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Focuses on integrating English and history through the saturation research paper. Functions of the saturation research paper; Process of introducing the saturation research paper; Qualities of an effective saturation research paper; Way to help students identify a historical figure who is of interest to them.

Abstract: Training in oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMFS) requires undergraduate degrees in both medicine and dentistry. When trainees in other surgical specialties may be pursuing a higher degree in research or education, OMFS trainees will be studying for their second undergraduate degree. It is possibly therefore that the specialty is weak in terms of doubly qualified university academics who have been trained in the full and extended curriculum OMFS. Research is recognised in all applications to United Kingdom and Ireland specialist training programmes, and points are awarded, though many juniors who enter these will have found it difficult to do any research during their careers to date. With changes in specialist training it may become even more difficult to obtain a research degree, although with the introduction of the National Institute for Health Research Integrated Academic Training (academic clinical fellowships/clinical lectureships) there is renewed hope that enthusiasm for academic OMFS will be reignited. In this paper we try to provide an idea of the opportunities available to OMFS trainees in academia and research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article presents a description of the combination of research essay and writing assignment strategies applied by the teacher to his composition class. The purpose of the strategies was to lessen the burden experience by the student of doing a research traditional paper, as well as to emphasize the importance of learning an academic research. The teacher called his scheme as creative research story composition, in which he asked his students to create a short story with the same style. Five steps are offered in making the assignment. These include summarizing, paraphrasing and paying attention to the titles of the stories. The story ends with the question of the teacher about the theme of the particular story they made.

Presents the author's views on possibilities and pragmatism of a research paper as an act of citizenship. Information that one has seen the rising status of service-learning and an allied emergence of what is being termed variously civic engagement, rhetorical democracy, or community writing; View that many instructors are drawn to service-learning and civic-engagement writing projects because they sense that these types of writing assignments make their instruction "real" in the sense that students see the effect of their rhetorical practice; Opinion that service-learning tied to composition has created changes in how instructors teach, making them seriously rethink instructional methods.

Studies the strength of periodic press section marks in paper by researchers from Great Britain. Parameters that influence the degree of felt marking; Development of new technique that can predict the degree of felt marking quantitatively; Usability of pressure-sensitive material to measure the distribution of loads arising from the fabric's structure when the applied load is constant.

Introduces a series of research papers on the transformation of plantation forests presented during the IUFRO conference held in Edinburgh, Scotland on August to September 1999. Ecological aspects of transformation; Silviculture of transformation; Quntification of the transformation.

Copyright of Electronic Journal of Research in Educational Psychology is the property of Editorial of the University of Almeria (Spain) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article reports on a developed model that could predict the bending stiffness of the three-ply symmetric structure. It states that the model could accurately predict the maximum bending stiffness. Based on the model results, there is the possibility to increase the bending stiffness of the middle-layer share. This leads to the reduction of costs and virgin fiber requirements. It shows that the model can be developed in predicting the maximum board bending stiffness of more than three plies and reduce costs.

The introduction of emergency nursing in Africa has resulted in the establishment of several training schools across the continent. This has translated into a growing body of emergency care research being carried out by nurses; however, the breadth and extent of evidence remains unclear. The aim of the review was to map and collate the available literature on emergency nursing research in WHO Afro-region states. The review adopted the methodology of the Joanna Briggs Institute (JBI) scoping reviews. The review protocol was registered on 27 June 2022 (osf.io/5wz3x). The Population (nurse), Concept (emergency nursing research), Context (WHO Afro-region) (PCC) elements guided the development of the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Papers were searched across seven electronic data bases and two search engines using a three-search strategy. The screening was performed initially on the abstract and title and lastly on full text. The reporting for the review was guided by the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews (PRISMA-ScR). One hundred and thirteen papers were included in the review. Publication of emergency nursing research occurred from 2000 to 2022. The year 2017 and 2019 recorded the highest number of publications (n = 14). The country with the most publications was South Africa (n=50). Emergency nursing research used predominantly quantitative methodologies (n=58). The professional groups involved in research were nurses (n=69) as well as nurses and doctors (n=26). The identified papers focused primarily on emergency nursing education (n=23) and epidemiology (n=24). There is a notable increase in the number of publications on emergency nursing research in WHO Afro-region states, however from only 11 countries. Since most of the research is still at descriptive level, there is need to encourage emergency nursing research on interventions and measuring outcomes and impact in the emergency care system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study on a paper-and-pencil alternative called Quest-Sort to the card-sorting approach in gathering Q data. It provides information on Quest-Sort which represents a composite of a card slot and questionnaire, reducing administration costs in space and time requirements. It compares Quest-Sort with the traditional card-sorting approach and explores the results of two experimental validation studies.

This article presents a paper on the policy and informal communications in applied science and technology. To promote progress in science and technology, efficiency of information transfer should be improved, costs of information should be reduced and the timeliness of information available to scientist and technologist should be improved. Many policy makers have developed doubts about fostering informal communication, for reasons which illuminate the requirements of a sound informal communication policy. A theme which has increasingly characterized research on scientific communication is that science is a social process involving communities of similarly-interested people.

The article presents a reply by S. Venkatesh and colleagues to comments made by J. R. Marko and D. B. Fissel about their study, On the Deterioration of Icebergs in the Marginal Ice Zone. According to Venkatesh and colleagues, Marko and Fissel point to the many difficulties and expense in obtaining the necessary data to predict the deterioration of icebergs in an operational time setting. They pointed out that they are confident of the calculated deterioration rates. They said that while the calved iceberg fragments under the existing environmental conditions constitute only 2 to 3% of the original masses, the deterioration rates will increase with increasing water temperatures and sea state conditions.

This paper honours a paediatrician whose career has been patchwork but distinguished, with many facets. It is a light-hearted look at the printed (infinitely preferable to the electronic) word. Although the obvious response is "read everything I have written", this would only drive down the stores of Prozac. Read the scientific literature of course. The oldie reads to stay one jump ahead on the ward round. Meta-analyses and systematic reviews rely on the judgement of others, so should be regarded with suspicion. Do your own research, and do not rely on the thoughts of other people. Read beyond PubMed. "There is more in Heaven and Earth, Horatio, than is dreamed of in your PubMed" (Shakespeare). Read the giants of the past. Richard Asher has so much to teach. What are the seven sins of medicine, and how many have you committed? Asher is top read of the talk. Learn from the mistakes of the past. Your patient comes first. Read how the medical profession covered up the death of Steve Biko and never compromise with patient safety and your integrity. Finally, remember thou art mortal - read a real book for pleasure. Kindle reading must be like making love to an inflatable doll (not that I have done either). Choose what you relax with; for me, PG Wodehouse, Jane Austen, Billy Bunter and Wisden. Who said and why: 'Madam, under similar circumstances I would have kicked the Archangel Gabriel!'. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]