Search

This paper is concerned with a multi-resolution tool for screening paper formation variations in various frequency regions on production line. A paper web is illuminated by two red diode lasers and the reflected light recorded as two time series of high resolution measurements constitute the input signal to the papermaking process monitoring system. The time series are divided into blocks and each block is analyzed separately. The task is treated as kernel based novelty detection applied to a multi-resolution time series representation obtained from the band-pass filtering of the Fourier power spectrum of the series. The frequency content of each frequency region is characterized by a feature vector, which is transformed using the canonical correlation analysis and then categorized into the inlier or outlier class by the novelty detector. The ratio of outlying data points, significantly exceeding the predetermined value, indicates abnormalities in the paper formation. The tools developed are used for online paper formation monitoring in a paper mill. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Some of the most interesting developments within computer system design in recent years have emerged from an exploration of the ways everyday objects and artefacts can be augmented with computational resources. Often under the rubric of "ubiquitous computing", research programmes in Europe, North America and Japan have directed substantial funding towards these initiatives, and leading industrial and academic research laboratories have developed a diverse range of ubiquitous computing "solutions". These developments mark an important shift in system design, a shift that is having a corresponding impact on social science research. Surprisingly though, given the growing commitment to the ubiquitous and the tangible, there is a mundane, even humble artefact that pervades our ordinary lives that has received less attention than one might imagine. This artefact is paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Researchers from the same lab often spend a considerable amount of time searching for published articles relevant to their current project. Despite having similar interests, they conduct independent, time consuming searches. While they may share the results afterwards, they are unable to leverage previous search results during the search process. We propose a research paper recommender system that avoids such time consuming searches by augmenting existing search engines with recommendations based on previous searches performed by others in the lab. Most existing recommender systems were developed for commercial domains with millions of users. The research paper domain has relatively few users compared to the large number of online research papers. The two major challenges with this type of data are the large number of dimensions and the sparseness of the data. The novel contribution of the paper is a scalable subspace clustering algorithm (SCuBASCuBA: Subspace Clustering Based Analysis.) that tackles these problems. Both synthetic and benchmark datasets are used to evaluate the clustering algorithm and to demonstrate that it performs better than the traditional collaborative filtering approaches when recommending research papers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Office workers tend to produce paper piles of documents to read or to process sometime later. The information contained in these piles is often lost if it is not transferred to electronic format and connected to knowledge structures. Information that is not part of the knowledge worker's electronic information space is frequently overlooked because it is not proactively provided during actual processes or tasks he is involved in. This paper presents a novel prototype for an intelligent office appliance, which results from an integration of three state-of-the-art office applications/appliances: a workflow system, a document classification system, and a multi-functional peripheral. The resulting system allows for leveraging an office worker's papers to her personal knowledge space in order to realize a pro-active and context-sensitive information support within knowledge-intensive tasks and processes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To facilitate the transition from paper-based patient record (PPR) to computer-based patient record (CPR), engineers should try to improve the usability of CPR system. From the point of view of a physician, we reviewed PPRs written by 8 Japanese physicians. We revealed the characteristics of PPR to find out about the barrier to transition from PPR to CPR. Our findings may be helpful to the engineers who are aiming to develop a CPR system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we describe the design of a hybrid search that combines simple metadata search with a traditional keyword search over unstructured context data. This paradigm provides the inquirer additional options to narrow the search with some semantic aspects through the XML metadata query. We demonstrate a paper search for a case study of the hybrid search, and describe a data integration hub to integrate those data dispersed on the Net. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wet paper codes were proposed as a tool for constructing steganographic schemes with an arbitrary selection channel that is not shared between the sender and the recipient. In this paper, we describe new approaches to wet paper codes that enjoy low computational complexity and improved embedding efficiency (number of message bits per embedding change). Some applications of wet paper codes to steganography and data embedding in binary images are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Multiple business factors have emerged to accelerate the necessity of event-driven functionality and make it part of the main-stream computing, instead of a niche technology. Consequently, there is now focus on using high-level software constructs to build these applications. This paper presents a vision for such high-level features and architecture. This paper explains why "event-driven applications" becomes an emerging area, explains the basic terminology of EDA, explains the relationship to business rules, and sets some directions for the future of this discipline. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Global paper industry needs systems that can be used in all locations. International user studies can be helpful when integrating systems. Not only due to the lack of common language but also the differences in culture and the usage of systems, information from different countries needs to be collected and analyzed so that the integration development is not be biased and unilateral. During the study some food for thought was gathered on what to consider when planning an international user study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

U-Healthcare promises increases in efficiency, accuracy and availability of medical treatment; however it also introduces the potential for serious abuses including major privacy violations, staff discrimination and even life-threatening attacks. In this position paper we highlight some potential threats and open the discussion about the security requirements of this new scenario. We take a few initial steps towards a U-Healthcare security policy and propose a system architecture designed to help enforce the policy's goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We developed AirTransNote, a computer-mediated classroom collaboration system. The system enables real-time note-sharing. AirTransNote manages notes written by students on paper and enables the teacher to browse through the notes or show them to the students. AirTransNote can analyze students' answers, helping the teacher better understand their problems. The system is not meant to provide an alternative to the conventional way of instruction; rather, it is designed to enhance class interaction. We conducted a preliminary study using questionnaires and found that this system can be feasible to apply for classroom environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many documents exist in both paper and electronic forms. Paper has many well-known advantages, but electronic texts often contain useful information that is not easily accessible from printed paper versions. SGML texts, in particular, are rich sources of additional information. The Active Alice project shows how a reader can use a paper document to access information from its corresponding electronic version without having to manipulate the electronic version via a separate computer interface. The project makes use of a DigitalDesk. This is an ordinary desk augmented with a video camera and computer-driven projector. The camera captures images of the pages on the desk and detects simple user actions such as pointing to specific words on a page. The images are used to associate the pages with their SGML counterparts. Information from the SGML versions can then be conveyed directly to the reader via information projected onto the page or onto other areas of the desk. The project takes its name from the example text used—a version of Alice's Adventures in Wonderland. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

SimStudent is a machine-learning agent that learns cognitive skills by demonstration. It was originally developed as a building block of the Cognitive Tutor Authoring Tools (CTAT), so that the authors do not have to build a cognitive model by hand, but instead simply demonstrate solutions for SimStudent to automatically generate a cognitive model. The SimStudent technology could then be used to model human students' performance as well. To evaluate the applicability of SimStudent as a tool for modeling real students, we applied SimStudent to a genuine learning log gathered from classroom experiments with the Algebra I Cognitive Tutor. Such data can be seen as the human students' "demonstrations" of how to solve problems. The results from an empirical study show that SimStudent can indeed model human students' performance. After training on 20 problems solved by a group of human students, a cognitive model generated by SimStudent explained 82% of the problem-solving steps performed correctly by another group of human students. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This chapter analyses the concept of digital atlas, analysing different definitions found in the literature. Additionally, the characteristics and different classifications of digital atlases are analysed. The lingering question about the difference between GIS (Geographical Information Systems) and digital atlases was also addressed in the chapter. It is believed that a better understanding of what a digital atlas can be will facilitate the development of future digital atlas projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we describe MultiModal WebRemUsine, a tool for remote usability evaluation of Web sites that considers data regarding the user behavior coming from multiple sources. The tool performs an automatic evaluation of the usability of the considered Web site by comparing such data with that contained in the task model associated with the pages (which describes the expected behavior of the user). The results of the analysis are provided along with information regarding the user behavior during the task performance. Using such information, evaluators can identify problematic parts of the Web site and make improvements, when necessary. An example of application of the proposed method is also discussed in the paper [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper introduces a software tool for rapid prototyping of interactive systems whose user interfaces could be distributed according to four axes defined in a design space: type of computing platform, amount of interaction surfaces, type of interaction surface, and type of user interface. This software is based on a virtual toolkit for rendering the user interfaces in a virtual world depicting the real world in which the distribution occurs. The virtual toolkit consists of a layer for rendering a concrete user interface specified in a user interface description language. This paper presents its extension to modeling the external environment in terms of the design space so as to render the context of use in which the user interfaces are distributed. For each axis, a pair of functions enables exploring the axis in decreasing and increasing order so as to explore various situations of distribution, axis by axis, or in a combined way. As the interfaces resulting from this rendering are truly executable ones, this system provides designers with an acceptable means for generating ideas about how a user interface can be distributed in a context of use, and helps to evaluate the quality of a solution at an early design stage. Four representative situations located on the design space are implemented and discussed: distribution in a multi-platform context, distribution of the workplace, ubiquitous computing, and ambient intelligence, thus proving the coverage of the design space and the capabilities of the whole system [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cognition, Communication & Interaction is the property of Springer eBooks and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

There is an on-going trend towards turning paper documents that store personal information or other valuable data into machine-readable form. An example of this trend is the electronic passport that will become common in the near future. In this paper we show how the security of these machine readable documents could be improved by combining RFID with optical memory devices. We propose integrating an optical memory device into the RFID enabled smart document and present methods how these two storage media can be combined to secure the document against threats like illicit scanning, eavesdropping and forgery. The presented approaches make use of the optical document-to-reader channel which is more secure than the radio-frequency communication interface. To demonstrate the potential of our approaches we show how they could overcomea number of existing security and privacy threats of electronic passports. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

RFID systems, and indeed other forms of wireless technologies, are now a pervasive form of computing. In the context of security and privacy, the most threatening (to privacy) and vulnerable (to insecurity) are the ‘low cost RFID systems'. The problems are further aggravated by the fact that it is this form of RFID that is set to proliferate through various consumer goods supply chains throughout the world. This is occurring through the actions of multinational companies like Wal-Mart, Tesco, Metro UPS and of powerful government organizations such as the United States DOD (Department Of Defence) and FDA (Food and Drug Administration). This paper examines the vulnerabilities of current low cost RFID systems and explores the security and privacy threats posed as a result of those vulnerabilities. The paper will also formulate a framework for defining the problem space constructed around low cost RFID systems, and consider the challenges faced in engineering solutions to overcome the defencelessness of low cost RFID systems. Security issues beyond and including interrogators will not be considered as such concerns may be easily resolved using existing technology and knowledge, and because interrogators are powerful devices where complex encryption and decryption operations may be performed using either the embedded systems, DSPs, or using hardware implementation of encryption engines on a FPGA device onboard a reader. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents an overview of modern cryptography. As the title of this paper suggests this paper is a primer, and provides background information that can assist other researchers in further study, and in developing security mechanisms suitable for inclusion on RFID tags. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper addresses the problem of generating design knowledge from product field data. The main motivation to consider this issue is the fact that in many companies there is quite a substantial history of collection and analysis of products field data which can be exploited in the generation of valuable knowledge to aid designers in improving specific aspects of their (re)design activities for products of the same family. Currently, field data is mainly used for managerial, marketing or logistical purposes. A product oriented framework with an appropriate analysis of this data and a deliberate focus on issues related to design aspects such as reliability, maintainability, environment and safety can enable the generation of useful knowledge which can aid designers in improving the considered aspects of their (re)design activities. In this paper, we present a general approach for generating design knowledge from product field data and we illustrate the main steps of this approach for the case of generating reliability knowledge from maintenance field data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emulation is a cost effective and efficient tool to perform performances evaluation and innovative access and network techniques validation. Its ability to interconnect real equipments with real applications provides excellent demonstrations means. The main problem is to overcome the emulation weakness which is the accuracy of the model reproducing the systems to be evaluated. Owing to its modular design and implementation, the PLATINE satellite emulation platform, presented in this paper, is able to emulate a complete DVB-RCS (Digital Video Broadcasting — Return Channel via Satellite)- DVB-S2 (Digital Video Broadcasting — Second) system in a realistic and flexible way. It is possible to configure the platform to emulate a transparent DVB-RCS system dimensioned around a single Hub, or to emulate a system using a regenerative satellite with an onboard switching matrix. Different DVB-RCS protocol stacks are implemented, and the adaptive physical layer is emulated in real time thanks to precalculated DRA schemes and MODCOD files. A DiffServ-like QoS Architecture that couples MAC and IP-Layer QoS mechanisms and Layer 2 security framework are currently under development. At the network side, IPv4 and IPv6 are fully supported as well as IPv6 mobility and dynamic multicast. In this paper, we mainly focus on the emulation platform and the tools developed to help the performance analysis of the emulated system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aiming to provide low-cost universal broadband access, this paper describes the strategy that supports the integration of hybrid satellite and WiMAX, based on the network architecture proposed in the IST Satsix project. In this context, WiMAX networks can be used as wireless local loops integrated with a satellite network, lowering the cost of the broadband internet connections and providing a universal access to rural and marine areas. The paper presents the problems concerning the interworking between DVB-RCS and WiMAX technologies and the solutions adopted in the SatSix research project, partially funded by European Commission within the Information Society Technologies (IST) 6th Framework Programme. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Insider Attack & Cyber Security is the property of Springer eBooks and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

As location information plays such an important role in pervasive and context-aware computing, location modelling can be cast as a particularly important user modelling problem. Moreover, given the potential sensitivity of personal information about location, it is critical to ensure adequate user control over the use of the location user modelling information. This paper describes MyPlace Locator, a system for modelling people's location, based upon a range of pervasive sensors. A critical feature, the focus of this paper, is the user model control: users can determine the granularity in space and time of the location information released from their model. Users can do this on the level of a single user or a group of users. We describe the interface and report its qualitative evaluation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the main problems of collaborative filtering recommenders is the sparsity of the ratings in the users-items matrix, and its negative effect on the prediction accuracy. This paper addresses this issue applying cross-domain mediation of collaborative user models, i.e., importing and aggregating vectors of users' ratings stored by collaborative systems operating in different application domains. The paper presents several mediation approaches and initial experimental evaluation demonstrating that the mediation can improve the accuracy of the generated predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intelligent tutoring systems have achieved demonstrable success in supporting formal problem solving. More recently such systems have begun incorporating student explanations of problem solutions. Typically, these natural language explanations are entered with menus, but some ITSs accept open-ended typed inputs. Typed inputs require more work by both developers and students and evaluations of the added value for learning outcomes has been mixed. This paper examines whether typed input can yield more accurate student modeling than menu-based input. This paper examines the application of Knowledge Tracing student modeling to natural language inputs and examines the standard Knowledge Tracing definition of errors. The analyses indicate that typed explanations can yield more predictive models of student test performance than menu-based explanations and that focusing on semantic errors can further improve predictive accuracy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Information graphics, such as bar charts and line graphs, that appear in popular media generally have a message that they are intended to convey. We have developed a novel plan inference system that uses evidence in the form of communicative signals from the graphic to recognize the graphic designer's intended message. We contend that plan inference research would benefit from examining how each of its evidence sources impacts the system's success. This paper presents such an evidence analysis for the communicative signals that are captured in our plan inference system, and the paper shows how the results of this evidence analysis are informing our research on plan recognition and application systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper presents a view of banking as undertaken by SMEs (Small and Medium Enterprise) in Australia. It presents a user perspective to give insight into how people talk about banking, how they are using traditional bank services, and what it means to them to bank with new technologies. This paper builds on previous analysis and interpretation of the perceptions of these issues in the banking project. In this paper we apply Burke's [5] dramatistic analysis. The paper analyses 15 SMEs to elaborate the mediation of money between banks and individual SMEs. We found that when talking about banking, individuals refer to location (scene) and processes using cheques, cash and the online interface (acts and agency) Thus an elaboration of the elements indicates that the scene-act-agency interaction is perhaps a significant nexus through which individuals negotiate this activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes the planning and implementation of a cross-border usability test that was to be executed in five European countries. The usability evaluation was designed by the Usability Group at Helsinki University of Technology who also performed the testing for the Finnish partner. In the other countries the usability tests were to be implemented by teams of subject matter specialists with very heterogeneous disciplines ranging from software engineering to social sciences, gender equality and vocational counselling. This paper describes the level of materials and training prepared for the remote usability testing and discusses its adequacy both via test personnel satisfaction and comments, and by comparing the found usability problems and observed phenomena in the test sessions between the test executed by the usability experts and the subject matter specialists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The World Wide Web has become a ubiquitous information source and communication channel. With such an extensive user population, it is imperative to understand how users view Web pages. Studies of Web browsing behaviour aimed at different cultures have previously been carried out using methodologies such as questionnaires, observation and expensive eye-tracking. Mouse-tracking however, has not been previously widely applied to studies of Web browsing behaviour. This paper presents an exploratory study in which Web browsing behaviour was investigated with a help of a remote proxy mouse tracker. Furthermore, this paper compares the browsing behaviour of European users with Chinese users. This comparative study tries to explore whether or not there exists any differences in expected menu positions between Chinese and European users using mouse tracking methodology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to examine the impact of culture on the usability and design of global applications. Specifically, this paper will serve to address the theoretical implications of Hofstede's cultural dimensions and the impact of these cultural models on designing usable global products. The paper concludes with a discussion regarding best practices for designing international products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recent researches reveal effort to observe user's experience from user's point of view in order to estimate usability of a web site. Eye-tracking and mouse-tracking to record and analysis what user sees and how user acts can be proper examples. However, although eye-tracking and mouse-tracking are used practically, not only difficult to find the case that uses both, but also the case is rare that considers what user is thinking. Hence, this paper introduced EMT System that tracks eye and mouse, and records user's thinking. And for applying EMT system, this paper developed EMT Tool, which helps a researcher to do usability test by recording the user's experience, and reproducing it visually. EMT Tool is consist of EMT Tracker which is responsible for observing and collecting user's experience and EMT Analyzer synthesizing and analyzing data from EMT Tracker. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Field research methods (also known as Ethnography) are useful in gathering user requirements, informing product direction, and identifying user needs and barriers. This paper will focus on how we perform data analysis for the Horizontal Visits sub-area. Horizontal Visits help identify user patterns and behaviors that inform product strategies and inspire product innovations. This paper introduces how psychological principles and deep dive analysis are helping eBay build better products and more useful features for its customers. Specifically, this research tried to deeply understand how and why people buy products. The study investigates users' approach to buying, attitudes, mental models, and needs. We learned that after an initial analysis of the data is completed one should continue to drill down into the meaning of the data by applying Cognitive and Social Psychological Principles to help team members more deeply understand the overall behaviors and motivations behind users' actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper analyzes and discusses the ways tasks are described and perceived in a remote Think Aloud (TA) usability tests session. The paper includes reports from a study and the problems encountered during a session of remote TA tests. The sessions were performed as synchronous tests, where the facilitator and observers received data and managed the evaluation in real time with a remote participant. It was done using a system with audio conferencing and remote application sharing. The analysis and discussion include both a task description perspective and a cultural difference perspective and hereby adds to existing knowledge of usability testing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this paper is to build a digital archive database for Taiwanese people to learn Taiwanese culture through the internet and e-learning environment. This study will be completed in three steps. Firstly, the paper is to explore the meaning of cultural objects and to extract the cultural features from Taiwanese culture; especially, Taiwan ordinary garment cultures. Then, a protocol of information-exchanging is used to analyze the cultural features, and to combine the images with the text using a standardization of digital images. Finally, a digital archive database is established and a friendly interface is designed for users. Results are presented here providing the users with a digital archive database to learn Taiwan local cultural features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Concepts of ‘culture' are often invoked in analysis of humancomputer interaction, notably in attempts to refine or adapt systems to differing cultural contexts, such as in the process of internationalization or in creating systems and processes that can adapt to user's cultures. This paper takes ethnographic research in this area to the study of culture in HCI to address culture as a problematic unit of analysis. It does this via qualitative video-based analysis of user's interactions with information kiosks at international conferences. The paper argues that culture must be understood as contingent and nationality may not be the most important indicator in multi-national colocated settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper explores the area of culture strain and how it affects the usage and hence the design of products and services. In this era of globalisation, it is increasingly important to create a tool kit of methods and techniques that will address cross cultural use of a product. This is particularly important in cases where the product is designed in and for a particular kind of culture and then it is ‘exported' for use in widely different cultures. Till date, it has been common to ‘localise' such a product by looking at the dominant cultural characteristics of the culture where the product is being exported for use. This paper takes the view that it is equally important to look at the culture (where the product is being exported for use) not just as it is supposed to be but also as it is. The difference between the ‘cultural ideal' and ‘cultural practice' [1] does indeed provide some rich opportunity areas for value added design solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To be effective and useful, math search systems must not only maximize precision and recall, but also present the query hits in a form that makes it easy for the user to identify quickly the truly relevant hits. To meet that requirement, the search system must sort the hits according to domain-appropriate relevance criteria, and provide with each hit a query-relevant summary of the hit target. The standard relevance measures in text search, which rely mostly on keyword frequencies and document sizes, turned out to be inadequate in math search. Therefore, alternative relevance measures must be defined, which give more weight to certain types of information than to others and take into account cross-reference statistics. In this paper, new, multidimensional relevance metrics are defined for math search, methods for computing and implementing them are discussed, and comparative performance evaluation results are presented. Query-relevant hit-summary generation is another factor that enables users to quickly determine the relevance of the presented hits. Although the hit title accompanied by a few leading sentences from the target document is simple to produce, this often fails to convey to the user the document's relevant excerpts. This shifts the burden onto the user to pursue many of the hits, and read significant portions of their target documents, to finally locate the wanted documents. Clearly, this task is too time-consuming and should be largely automated. This paper presents query-relevant hit-summary generation methods, outlines implementation strategies, and presents performance evaluation results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Logiweb is an open source, distributed system for publication of machine checked mathematics. It covers all aspects of electronic publishing: high typographical quality, archival, handling of references to previously published results, and publication of refereed volumes. The present paper is itself produced using Logiweb; and the paper is formally correct in the sense that it has been verified by Logiweb. The paper describes the implementation layers of the Logiweb system as seen by the user: the programming layer, the metalogic layer, the tactic layer, and the object proof layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the very beginning of the development of the Mizar system experiments with using Mizar as a tool for teaching mathematics have been conducted. Numerous organized courses were based on different versions of the system: starting from the first implementation of its processor, through Mizar-MSE, Mizar-4 and PC-Mizar up till its present version. Now Mizar with its mathematical library gives us quite new didactic possibilities. The purpose of this paper is to present a certain course on logic and set theory offered by our Institute for freshman students. The course employs Mizar as the main tool of instruction. In the paper we discuss the organization of this course and describe some examples of students' tasks. Finally, some conclusions and remarks are given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In previous papers we described the implementation of a system which combines mathematical object generation, transformation and filtering, conjecture generation, proving and disproving for mathematical discovery in non-associative algebra. While the system has generated novel, fully verified theorems, their construction involved a lot of ad hoc communication between disparate systems. In this paper we carefully reconstruct a specification of a sub-process of the original system in a framework for trustable communication between mathematics systems put forth by us. It employs the concept of biform theories that enables the combined formalisation of the axiomatic and algorithmic theories behind the generation process. This allows us to gain a much better understanding of the original system, and exposes clear generalisation opportunities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Large organizations are increasingly confronted with the problem of capturing, processing, and archiving large amounts of data. For several reasons, the problem is especially cumbersome in the case where data is stored on paper. First, the weight, volume, and relative fragility of paper incur problems in handling and require specific, labor-intensive processes to be applied. Second, for automatic processing, the information contained on the pages must be digitized, performing Optical Character Recognition (OCR). This leads to a certain number of errors in the data retrieved from paper. Third, the identities of individual documents become blurred. In a stack of paper, the boundaries between documents are lost, or at least obscured to a large degree.1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes a theoretical framework for inducing knowledge from incomplete data sets. The general framework can be used with any formalism based on a lattice structure. It is illustrated within two formalisms: the attribute-value formalism and Sowa's conceptual graphs. The induction engine is based on a non-supervised algorithm called default clustering which uses the concept of stereotype and the new notion of default subsumption, inspired by the default logic theory. A validation using artificial data sets and an application concerning the extraction of stereotypes from newspaper articles are given at the end of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Much of IS literature suggests that various factors play pivotal roles in the implementation of an information system; however, there has been little empirical research about the factors impacting the implementation of business intelligence (BI) systems, particularly in engineering asset management organizations. There is an imperative need for a critical success factors (CSFs) approach to enable BI stakeholders to focus on the key issues of implementing BI systems. The authors conducted in-depth interviews with 15 BI practitioners of engineering asset management domain to identify factors critical for successful implementation of BI systems. Based on the findings, this study identifies ten CSFs that are crucial for implementing BI systems. This paper presents and discusses the findings, as well as puts forward recommendations for further research. This paper will be of particular interest to those researchers and practitioners who are studying, providing consultancies, planning or implementing BI systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we present a hybrid, two-round procurement auction that can be used when a buyer wants to procure a single unit of a multi-attribute item. In such cases, bids are measured on many attributes like price, quality, reliability, past history of the bidder, geographical distance between the locations of the bidder and the buyer. The problem is even more acute for Global Enterprises where additional attributes like tax and tariff structures of the country of the supplier become important as well. While such multi-attribute bids are commonplace in sealed bid tenders where the analysis of the bids can be carried out after all of them have been placed to determine the winner; it is difficult to handle such multi-attribute bids in other auction formats like English and Dutch auctions. The difficulty arises because in holding multi-attribute forms of English and Dutch auctions, the buyer needs to communicate information about his true preference amongst attributes to the participating suppliers. But by passing the information on preference between various attributes (termed as the preference structure), the buyer risks revealing sensitive strategic information to the suppliers. In this paper, we present a two-phase auction mechanism that guides the multi-attribute bidding of the participating suppliers, but ensures that only limited information about the buyer's preference structure can be reverse interpreted by the buyers. We also provide results relating to proper choice of the amount of information that should be disclosed in such manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Making mobile phones capable of consuming Web services over wireless networks is a challenging task because of the different issues to be addressed and the limited resources of mobile devices. In this paper, we focus on the issue of how to perform dynamic discovery and invocation of Web services from mobile phones when a J2ME wireless middleware is used. In order to solve the limitations of the middleware platform when mobile phones act as Web services requestor we propose a Web service based dynamic proxy between service providers and mobile consumers. With this approach, we provide the following features to mobile devices: (1) support of dynamic binding, (2) support of UDDI specification, (3) support of SOAP messages with encoded representation and (4) handling of complex data types. The paper includes the description of the dynamic proxy, implementation and experimental results with the performance of the approach proposed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An increasing amount of applications are currently built as Web Service compositions based on the TCP/IP+HTTP protocol stack. In case of any deviations from desired runtime-behavior, problematic Web Services have to be substituted and their execution plans have to be updated accordingly. One challenge is to detect deviations as early as possible allowing timely adaption of execution plans. We advocate a cross-layer approach to detect bad performance and service interruptions much earlier than by waiting for their propagation through the full protocol stack. This position paper describes an approach to gain detailed real-time information about Web Service behavior and performance based on a cross-layer analysis of the TCP/IP+HTTP protocols. In this paper we focus especially on TCP. The results are used to make decisions supporting service selection and replanning in service-oriented computing scenarios. Furthermore, generic architectural components are proposed implementing the functionality needed which can be used in different web-based scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]