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This paper addresses the current trends and issues with regards to opening up data held by public entities in various sectors, including public sector information, geographic data, cultural heritage, scientific publications and data. In the paper, opening up public data is defined as making it available for any purpose of use. While several initiatives have been taken within Europe to make public data available, many issues still remain unsolved. Based on the state of play in various sectors, this paper gives an overview of common issues that need to be addressed in order to move to more and better accessibility and reusability of public data. It will argue that even if sectors are currently regulated by different laws and policies governing data of a different nature, a common techno-legal framework can be defined to address legal, cultural and institutional challenges in a cross-sectorial manner. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the last few years, governments worldwide have started to develop and implement open data initiatives to enable the release of government data in open and reusable formats without restriction or charge for their use by society. As a result, a large number of open data repositories, catalogues and portals have been emerging in the world. The efficient development of open data portals makes it necessary to evaluate their quality systematic, in order to understand them better and assess the various types of value they generate. Citizens also expect data disclosed by official authorities to have quality in the sense that they are official data and therefore should be accurate and reliable. Consequently, the aim of this paper is to examine and compare the quality of these portals. For this purpose, a benchmarking framework is proposed and validated to evaluate the quality of open data portals on the national level. The results obtained show that the number of datasets online and the sophistication of open data portals and their functions differ, reflecting the lack of harmonization and the need for quality standards. In particular, the United Kingdom, India and the United States have published many datasets and launched advanced portals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Following the present open data policies, traffic data are collected and increasingly made openly available by different organizations. Yet, expanding use of mobile technologies with tracking possibilities provides means to collect precise and rich information about individual vehicles and persons in traffic. This personal driving data, combined with other open traffic data, have a great potential for future open service innovation. However, information privacy presents a major challenge for collection and efficient utilization of the data. In this paper, we present a view of the near future development of personal driving data collection and usage for open traffic data production by addressing the privacy challenges. We review the existing privacy behavior models and present our empirical findings from driving data based service pilot studies. Our results show that, despite their privacy concerns, the data subjects are willing to disclose driving data for services, especially for some benefits in return. We identified the following key factors affecting data disclosure: informing of personal data processing, trust in organizations of the service ecosystem, and users' control over their data. Understanding of these factors helps mitigating the users' privacy concerns when personal data based services are designed and production of open data is planned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

eHealth processes are data-focused, event-driven, and dynamic. They are systematically monitored for compliance with legislation, organizational guidelines and quality of care protocols. Community care, especially at home care, frequently requires the cooperation and integration of care processes across several providers and organizations. Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) through Web services and business process automation through Business Process Execution Language (BPEL) is emerging as a framework for business process integration over the Internet, but does not address all information management requirements of eHealth monitoring processes particularly with respect to policy compliance and event-based data integration. In this paper, we extend the traditional SOA framework to define a flexible policy-based approach for defining and monitoring streaming event data based on a general publish/subscribe model in a business-to-business (B2B) healthcare network. The work described here is design-oriented research where the purpose is to show the utility of the proposed framework. The approach is evaluated based on information management requirements drawn from a case study of palliative care and a prototype implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]