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China is leading the world in research, development and investment in the renewable energy industry. This long-term strategic initiative has important consequences not only for China's own growth, but also for world sustainable development. During the last hundred years, countries have relied on petroleum as their main energy source. However, this is unsustainable. The world has reached a point in which leaders will have to make decisions about the new energy matrix for the next 50 years. Early innovators will have access to new information and knowledge and, thus, will most likely be the leaders of tomorrow. This paper assesses where the United States stands within the clean energy revolution and the threats arising from an ambitious China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]