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ABSTRACTDuctile cast irons are often used for turbocharged diesel engine components. These components are usually subjected to cyclic thermo-mechanical loading during their lifetime due to variable service conditions. A reliable damage assessment is required to guarantee service function, safety or light weight of the products. The first objective of this paper is to introduce the new test stand designed for uniaxial Low Cycle Fatigue (LCF) and Thermo-Mechanical Fatigue (TMF) tests. The second objective of the paper is to assess the lifetime of SiMo (Silicon Molybdenum) cast iron. Based on the experimental results, an appropriate energy-based fatigue criterion is proposed for predicting the LCF/TMF of complex engineering components. Reasonable correlation was achieved between the observed results and the predicted results.