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The emergence of civil associations in favor of cannabis began in the 2010s. Faced with the inertia of the State, these organizations have acted in the reception, support, information, training, and facilitation of access for patients and their families to the medicine produced from marijuana, a prohibited substance in Brazil. This study aims to analyze how cannabis activism promoted by Brazilian associations is based on scientific knowledge or knowledge acquired through the experience of members. The methodology included interviews with participants from the ACuCa, Ama+me, and Apepi associations, as well as the Content Analysis of the profiles of these institutions on Instagram. It was found that cannabis activism on Instagram is similar to that practiced in person; however, activism on social media prioritizes the dissemination of knowledge through information and training of its followers, being careful to treat the content in order to suit the guidelines of the platform. In addition, the main lines of action of cannabis associations (reception and distribution of medicinal oils) appear in a veiled way in the publications, most of which occur through private conversations in the media with the associations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Tempo (1413-7704) is the property of Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Electrónica de Enseñanza de las Ciencias is the property of Revista Electronica de Ensenanza de las Ciencias and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Estudos da Linguagem is the property of Revista de Estudos da Linguagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Caderno Brasileiro de Ensino de Física is the property of Caderno Brasileiro de Ensino de Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic disease with high global prevalence characterized by persistent hyperglycemia. Elevated blood glucose levels are associated with constant oxidative stress and increased protein glycation, establishing a metabolic memory state. Therefore, the efficacy of the Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus L. moench) Fruit Powder Standardized in Flavonoids (OFP-SF) was evaluated in glucose homeostasis, oxidative stress, and metabolic memory, using zebrafish models of acute and chronic hyperglycemia. The OFP-SF was produced from dried fresh fruits and subsequently subjected to characterization regarding its antioxidant potential and chemical composition. Finally, the product was standardized to contain 1.6% flavonoids. In acute hyperglycemia, OFP-SF at doses of 125 μg and 250 μg demonstrated the ability to normalize blood glucose levels, reaching levels of 94.56 ± 5.9 mg/dL and 76.88 ± 8.9 mg/dL, respectively, when administered prior to glucose overload. The same doses were tested in a chronic hyperglycemia model, where after a seven-day treatment, animals receiving 125 and 250 μg of OFP-SF exhibited glycemic values of 73.45 ± 15.67 mg/dL and 33.96 ± 5.31 mg/dL, respectively, comparable to those observed in the Control group (49.48 ± 2.77 mg/dL). Furthermore, OFP-SF was able to mitigate metabolic memory by reducing oxidative stress and protein glycation in the brain, liver, and eye tissues of hyperglycemic zebrafish. These findings provide a basis for developing new products that utilize the phytochemical potential of A. esculentus fruits for the prevention and adjunctive treatment of T2DM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Geografia: Revista Colombiana de Geografía is the property of Universidad Nacional de Colombia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Urban morphology is one of the factors that influence the intensity of urban heat islands. Studying urban morphology means studying the factors that influence the formation of the urban environment, such as urban canyons and the ratio between building height and street width. The aim of this article is to verify the errors of heat island prediction models with respect to data obtained from measurements for the city of Goiânia/Brazil. Air temperature surveys were carried out in the field and the heat island intensity values were compared with the numerical model by Oke (1982) and by Nakata-Osaki et al. (2016). A simulation of an urban scenario was applied, represented by various types of urban canyons. The results showed that two numerical models correlated well with the values measured on site. The errors of the models used were determined using the Root Mean Square Error, which showed an error of around 5 °C for the Oke model and 2 °C for the Nakata-Osaki model. It is hoped that the research will be an analytical tool for public authorities, such Municipal Environment Agency, providing support for legislation and municipal plans based on the results obtained, contributing to the wellbeing of the population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Interface - Comunicação, Saúde, Educação is the property of Fundacao UNI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

To evaluate the impact of interventions on pain associated with DOMS. PubMed, EMBASE, PEDro, Cochrane, and Scielo databases were searched, from the oldest records until May/2020. Search terms used included combinations of keywords related to "DOMS" and "intervention therapy". Healthy participants (no restrictions were applied, e.g., age, sex, and exercise level). To be included, studies should be: 1) Randomized clinical trial; 2) Having induced muscle damage and subsequently measuring the level of pain; 3) To have applied therapeutic interventions (nonpharmacological or nutritional) and compare with a control group that received no intervention; and 4) The first application of the intervention had to occur immediately after muscle damage had been induced. One hundred and twenty-one studies were included. The results revealed that the contrast techniques (p = 0,002 I2 = 60 %), cryotherapy (p = 0,002 I2 = 100 %), phototherapy (p = 0,0001 I2 = 95 %), vibration (p = 0,004 I2 = 96 %), ultrasound (p = 0,02 I2 = 97 %), massage (p < 0,00001 I2 = 94 %), active exercise (p = 0,0004 I2 = 93 %) and compression (p = 0,002 I2 = 93 %) have a better positive effect than the control in the management of DOMS. Low quality evidence suggests that contrast, cryotherapy, phototherapy, vibration, ultrasound, massage, and active exercise have beneficial effects in the management of DOMS-related pain. • Contrast techniques, cryotherapy, phototherapy, vibration, ultrasound, massage, active exercise, and compression clothing are more effective than no intervention for the treatment of pain associated with late pain DOMs. • In comparison to no intervention, no statistically significant effect on DOMs related pain was demonstrated for the techniques of kinesiotaping, acupuncture, foam roller, stretching, electro-stimulation, and magnetic therapy. • The low quality of the included studies should be considered, for futures clinical trial improve the fragile methodological points highlighted. • The outcomes demonstrate the impact of interventions for pain associated with DOMS, which can be used both in the preparation of futures clinical trials and to support timely practical action. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Most young people engaged in agroecology in Zona da Mata Mineira, Brazil, participate in popular education. Popular education is a Latin-American concept that entails transformative learning, among others. Despite the large body of literature on popular education, there is little knowledge about how it supports reflection, enhances situated abilities, and affects relationships between young farmers and nature. This article looks at popular education practices in Zona da Mata in three different places: a family farming high school, a youth organization, and a workers' union school. Each place gives special attention to agroecology. Based on participatory observations, video recordings, films made by youth, interviews and analysis of educational materials this article visualizes how young people become engaged in peasant agroecology through the use of affective experiences, relationship-building, and reflection in popular education. Our findings show that the pedagogic method of alternation used at the family farming high school fosters on-farm learning experiences between young farmers and their parents. At the workers' union school and at the youth organization intentional leisure activities promoted joy, spirituality, activism and peasant culture, with joy becoming an explicit organizing force. We conclude that, in our cases, popular education positively supports, often in unexpected ways, relations young agroecological farmers have with their parents, nature, and youth from conventional farms. • The pedagogy of alternation engages both students and parents in agroecology. • Joy is a mobilizing force that engages youth from conventional farms in agroecology. • Popular education supports ungendering agricultural and domestic work. • Participatory video methods help study learning experiences without being present. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Food is already recognized as a trigger for migraine, but its mechanism of action has not been fully clarified. There is evidence that they act on the pathogenesis of migraine, interfering with meningeal inflammation, vasodilation and cerebral glucose metabolism. Aim: The aim of this study was to know which plant foods are triggers for migraine and the latency time for the onset of pain. Method: We interviewed patients with migraine and tension-type headache about plant foods that trigger headache and onset time of the headache. We studied 3,935 migraine patients and 1,163 with tension-type headache. Results: There were headaches triggered by plant foods after 90.5 ± 7.9 minutes of ingestion in 40.3% (1,584/3,935) of migraine patients and none with tension-type headache. Headaches triggered by plant foods intake are distributed in the following order of frequency: watermelon (29.5%), passion fruit (3.73%), orange (2.01%), pineapple (1.52%), grape (0.51%), banana (0.46%), cucumber (0.43%), acerola (0.25%) and papaya (0.25%). Conclusions: Many plant foods, especially watermelon, may trigger headache attacks in migraine patients within a few minutes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Letras is the property of Revista de Letras and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Boletim de Geografia is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Historia: Questoes & Debates is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

A paucity of information is available on the comparative nutritional deficiencies considering the presence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and nutritional changes after vertical sleeve gastrectomy (SG). To compare the nutritional status in patients with and without MetS before and 1 year after SG and to investigate its association with metabolic status. A tertiary referral center. Retrospective study, including all patients submitted to SG between January 2011 and July 2015. Patients were evaluated before and 12 months after surgery. MetS presence was classified using the International Diabetes Federation/American Heart Association/National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute 2009 definition. Univariate and multivariate analyses were applied to find associations between MetS, nutritional, anthropometric, and metabolic parameters. A total of 330 patients were included and MetS was present in 47%. Preoperatively, patients without MetS presented a higher percentage of folate deficiency (12% versus 2%, P <.001). Follow-up data were available for 202 patients. In the 1-year evaluation, MetS patients presented significantly lower body mass index and percent excess weight loss (70.96 ± 20.4 versus 79.55 ± 23.0, P <.001). These patients also presented lower homocysteine (11.76 ± 4.3 versus 13.66 ± 7.6, P =.027) and magnesium (19.41 ± 2.1 versus 20.22 ± 1.9, P =.004) levels but higher calcium (9.27 ±.3 versus 9.16 ±.4, P =.031) and vitamin B12 (396, P 312–504.5 versus 329, P 255–433, P =.002) levels comparing with those without MetS. Multiple linear regression evidenced that higher preoperative albumin and postoperative ferritin and homocysteine were predictors of a lower body mass index after surgery, and higher postoperative folate levels were associated with lower insulin-resistance. The impact of SG on nutritional parameters is affected by MetS. If not treated, preoperative deficiencies can impair postoperative metabolic status and weight loss. MetS should be considered when evaluating bariatric surgery candidates, and preoperative supplementation and long-term nutritional follow-up are required to prevent further nutritional deficiencies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Estudos Ibero-Americanos is the property of EDIPUCRS - Editora Universitaria da PUCRS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciencia, Cuidado e Saude is the property of Universidade Estadual de Maringa and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background. As the survival of preterm infants has increased significantly, germinal matrix hemorrhage (GMH) has become an important public health issue. Nevertheless, treatment strategies for the direct neuronal injury are still scarce. The present study aims to analyze the neuroprotective properties of cannabidiol in germinal matrix hemorrhage. Methods. 112 Wistar rat pups (P7) were submitted to an experimental collagenase induced model of GMH. Inflammatory response and neuronal death were analyzed both at the perilesional area as at the distant ipsilateral CA1 hippocampal area. Immunohistochemistry for GFAP and caspase 3 was used. The ipsilateral free water content was assessed for stimation of cerebral edema, and neurodevelopment and neurofunctional tests were conducted. Results. Reduction of reactive astrocytosis was observed both in the perilesional area 24 hours and 14 days after the hemorrhage lesion (p < 0.001) and in the Stratum oriens of the ipsilateral hippocampal CA1 14 days after the hemorrhage lesion (p < 0.05) in the treated groups. Similarly, there was a reduction in the number of Caspase 3-positive astrocytes in the perilesional area in the treated groups 24 hours after the hemorrhage lesion (p < 0.001). Finally, we found a significant increase in the weight of the rats treated with cannabidiol. Conclusion. The treatment of GMH with cannabidiol significantly reduced the number of apoptotic cells and reactive astrocytes in the perilesional area and the ipsilateral hippocampus. In addition, this response was sustained 14 days after the hemorrhage. These results corroborate our hypothesis that cannabidiol is a potential neuroprotective agent in the treatment of germinal matrix hemorrhage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ciência Florestal (01039954) is the property of Ciencia Florestal and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)