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The present research work was undertaken with this aim to inspect the two medicinally important plants henna (Lawsonia inermis) of the family lythraceae and amla (Emblica officinalis) of family phyllanthaceae for their phytochemical analysis using ethanol and methanol reagents. The determinations under ethanol and methanol dilution of L. inermis for qualitative screening of tannins were positive, phlobatannins were positive, saponins were positive and in flavonids test results were also found positive. While the determinations under ethanol and methanol dilution of E. officinalis for qualitative screening of tannins test gave positive results, its phlobatannins gave positive results but less; saponins also gave positive results and flavonoids gave negative results. And then the determinations under ethanol and methanol dilution of L. inermis for quantitative screening of total carbohydrates were 6.547 and 6.276 µg/ml, reducing sugars 0.035 and 0.259 µg/ml, total proteins 0.245 and 0.420 µg/ml, phenolic compounds were 27.1191 and 35.2316 µg/ml, total flavonoids contents 0.154 and 0.261 µg/ml, tannins contents 0.664 and 1.292 µg/ml, and antioxidant activity were 2.411 and 3.218 µg/ml respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Bear maul injuries are the most common wild animal inflicted injuries in India. More than 300 bear maul injuries report to our hospital per year.Methods: Twenty-one consecutive patients over a period of 1 year reported to our department for orthopaedic management of bear maul injuries. All the patients were referred either from peripheral hospitals or from other surgical departments of our hospital.Results: All the patients had facial/scalp injuries of variable severity. In all the patients the severity of limb and facial trauma was inversely proportional to each other. Pattern of upper limb trauma in most of the patients was similar. Fifteen patients had either fractures of distal humerus or mid shaft/proximal forearm bone fracture. Two had distal forearm bone fracture, 2 had carpal/metacarpal fractures and 1 had clavicle fracture. Only 1 had lower limb fracture. Thirteen out of 21 patients had associated neurovascular injury of the involved limb. The characteristic feature was extensive soft tissue involvement of the affected limb.Conclusion: Upper limb injuries in bear maul patients usually have similar pattern. The severity of upper limb and facial/scalp trauma is inversely proportional to each other. Multistage orthopaedic surgeries are needed for such complex limb injuries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Long harsh winter in Kashmir Valley increase the incidence of pernio in children so much that common people consider every hand swelling as pernio. Methods 10 Infants over two years were brought to our hospital as cases of pernio involving fingers. Results All the infants came out to be cases of impending gangrene due to mother’s hair as constriction bands around fingers. Conclusion Impending gangrene of fingers in infants due to mother hair as constriction band is very rare. However its symptoms overlap with symptoms of peripheral cold injuries and can be easily mistaken for each other by people. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nonunion of the humerus in a severely osteoporotic bone is a likely event especially if the fracture is transverse. The management of such a combination is a challenge. Most of the conventional fixation methods are unlikely to succeed as the bone failure precedes implant failure in osteoporosis. The challenge is further compounded in severe osteoporosis when the cortical thickness is affected more severely. We used a combination of an intramedullary fibula with a locking plate in 5 cases. The results show that it may be a good combination in such situations as the bone strength is augmented and the plate pullout is less likely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]