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The strategic integration of multi-functionalities within a singular nanoplatform has received growing attention for enhancing treatment efficacy, particularly in chemo-photothermal therapy. This study introduces a comprehensive concept of Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) composed of Au and Fe 3 O 4 nanostructures intricately bonded with β-cyclodextrins (β-CD) to encapsulate 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Ibuprofen (IBU). This strategic structure is engineered to exploit the synergistic effects of chemo-photothermal therapy, underscored by their exceptional biocompatibility and photothermal conversion efficiency (∼32.88 %). Furthermore, these β-CD-conjugated JNPs enhance photodynamic therapy by generating singlet oxygen (1O 2) species, offering a multi-modality approach to cancer eradication. Computer simulation results were in good agreement with in vitro and in vivo assays. Through these studies, we were able to prove the improved tumor ablation ability of the drug-loaded β-CD-conjugated JNPs, without inducing adverse effects in tumor-bearing nude mice. The findings underscore a formidable tumor ablation potency of β-CD-conjugated Au-Fe 3 O 4 JNPs, heralding a new era in achieving nuanced, highly effective, and side-effect-free cancer treatment modalities. The emergence of multifunctional nanoparticles marks a pivotal stride in cancer therapy research. This investigation unveils Janus nanoparticles (JNPs) amalgamating gold (Au), iron oxide (Fe 3 O 4), and β-cyclodextrins (β-CD), encapsulating 5-Fluorouracil (5-FU) and Ibuprofen (IBU) for synergistic chemo-photothermal therapy. Demonstrating both biocompatibility and potent photothermal properties (∼32.88 %), these JNPs present a promising avenue for cancer treatment. Noteworthy is their heightened photodynamic efficiency and remarkable tumor ablation capabilities observed in vitro and in vivo , devoid of adverse effects. Furthermore, computational simulations validate their interactions with cancer cells, bolstering their utility as an emerging therapeutic modality. This endeavor pioneers a secure and efficacious strategy for cancer therapy, underscoring the significance of β-CD-conjugated Au-Fe 3 O 4 JNPs as innovative nanoplatforms with profound implications for the advancement of cancer therapy. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This clinical trial compared the efficacy of doxycycline (DOX) in β-cyclodextrin (DOX)/βCD) with DOX- alone in gel on thirty-three subjects with periodontitis. Patients were randomized to group 1 GI; 10% DOX + scaling and root planning (SRP); group 2 (GII (10% DOX /β-CD + SRP), and group 3 (GIII; SRP). Gels were applied in GI and GII at baseline (T0) and 30 days later (T1). Periodontal Probing Depth (PPD), Clinical Attachment Level (CAL), Bleeding on Probing (BOP) and Visible Plaque Index (VPI) were evaluated at (T0), 30 days (T1) and 60 days after T0 (T2). Bone density was analyzed after 18 months (T3). GII showed the most significant reduction of PPD (2.62 mm; p <0.003), and greatest gain in CAL (2.54 mm p <0.003) at T2. BOP and the VPI had a strong reduction in all groups at T2 (p <0.05), both decreased by ≥5 times and 2 times, respectively, in all groups at T1. Bone density increased in all groups in radiographs (T3). The use of DOX encapsulated in β-CD gel with SRP resulted in significant improvements in clinical periodontal parameters; such molecular inclusion of doxycycline into β-CD in gel for local application is relatively simple and useful in dentistry. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of biomaterials for a range of tissue engineering applications increasingly requires control over the bioavailability of biomolecular cues such as growth factors in order to promote desired cell responses. While efforts have predominantly concentrated on covalently-bound or freely-diffusible incorporation of biomolecules in porous, three-dimensional biomaterials, opportunities exist to exploit transient interactions to concentrate growth factor activity over desired time frames. Here, we report the incorporation of β-cyclodextrin into a model collagen-GAG scaffold as a means to exploit the passive sequestration and release of growth factors via guest-host interactions to control mesenchymal stem cell differentiation. Collagen-GAG scaffolds that incorporate β-cyclodextrin show improved sequestration as well as extended retention and release of TGF-β1. We further show extended retention and release of TGF-β1 and BMP-2 from β-cyclodextrin modified scaffolds was sufficient to influence the metabolic activity and proliferation of mesenchymal stem cells as well as differential activation of Smad 2/3 and Smad 1/5/8 pathways associated with differential osteo-chondral differentiation. Further, gene expression analysis showed TGF-β1 release from β-cyclodextrin CG scaffolds promoted early chondrogenic-specific differentiation. Ultimately, this work establishes a novel method for the incorporation and display of growth factors within CG scaffolds via supramolecular interactions. Such a design framework offers opportunities to selectively alter the bioavailability of multiple biomolecules within a three-dimensional collagen-GAG scaffold to enhance cell activity for a range of musculoskeletal regenerative medicine applications. Statement of Significance We describe the incorporation of β-cyclodextrin into a model CG-scaffold under development for musculoskeletal tissue engineering applications. We show β-cyclodextrin modified scaffolds promote the sequestration of soluble TGF-β1 and BMP-2 via guest-host interactions, leading to extended retention and release. Further, β-cyclodextrin modified CG scaffolds promote TGF-β1 or BMP-2 specific Smad signaling pathway activation associated with divergent osseous versus chondrogenic differentiation pathways in mesenchymal stem cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Molecular modeling, SEM, and DSC confirm BrCN/βCDs inclusion complex formation. • Inclusion complexation with βCDs enhances the solubility and stability of BrCN. • The anticancer effect of BrCN is improved by encapsulation with βCDs. 6,8-dibromochrysin (BrCN), a halogenated chrysin, possesses a profound bioactivity against dengue and Zika viruses and various types of cancer. However, the pharmaceutical applications of BrCN are limited by its poor aqueous solubility. Molecular encapsulation of BrCN with beta-cyclodextrin (βCD) and its derivatives—2,6-di- O -methyl-beta-cyclodextrin (DMβCD) and 2-hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPβCD)—was performed to enhance its water solubility, and the resulting inclusion complexes were characterized theoretically and experimentally. Molecular docking showed that BrCN adopted two possible orientations, namely chromone ring insertion (C-form) and phenyl ring insertion (P-form) inside the lipophilic cavities of βCD, DMβCD, and HPβCD. Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and the molecular mechanics with generalized Born and surface area solvation (MM-GBSA) method suggested that βCD derivatives show better BrCN-encapsulating potential as evidenced by their lower binding free energy values. Phase solubility study indicated a 1:1 stoichiometry between BrCN and the hosts (A L type). The resulting inclusion complexes were characterized using scanning electron microscopy and differential scanning calorimetry. We noted that encapsulation with βCD, DMβCD, and HPβCD resulted in an approximately 27-fold, 92-fold and 104-fold increase in the aqueous solubility of BrCN, respectively and enhanced its anticancer activity against A549 and H1975 cancer cells. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beta-cyclodextrin modified magnetic chitosan molecularly imprinted polymer (MMIP) was successfully synthesized via covalent modification and self-assembly polymerization for selective removal of bisphenol A (BPA) from wastewater. To obtain more water-compatible imprinting sites, chitosan and beta-cyclodextrin were introduced as functional monomer of polymerization process. The provided multifunctional ligand containing –NH 2 , –OH and hydrophobic cavity enhanced the capture capability toward target molecule. The as-prepared MMIP was evaluated and characterized by scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared analysis, x-ray diffraction and vibrating sample magnetometry. Pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm mode fitted the experimental data better than other models. The optimal adsorption was observed at pH = 6 with the highest binding capacity of 105.5 mg/g at 298 K. The initial adsorption rate of MMIP was 7.062 mg/g min, and adsorption equilibrium was reached in less than 60 min. Moreover, MMIP showed significantly selective binding capacity to BPA over other structurally related phenolic compounds. Regenerative study demonstrated that no obvious decline of removal capacity was observed after several cycles. Therefore, MMIP could be expected to be a promising candidate for selective removal of target pollutant from aqueous solution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin on diosmin, substance from the flavones category with important pharmacological properties. We carried out solubility studies, calculating the solubility constant of the complex formed between diosmin and hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrin at various temperatures (20, 25 and 37 °C) and in the presence of increasing cyclodextrin concentrations. AL type curves were obtained which suggest the formation of an inclusion compound on a 1:1 molar ratio and the solubility constants had values between 370 and 453 M-1. Knowing that between diosmin, hydroxypropyl-cyclodextrin and the used solvent, thermodynamic interactions occur, we investigated the influence of these interactions on several thermodynamic parameters such as Gibbs free energy change, free energy change, enthalpy change and entropy change. The calculated values showed that the reaction is positively influenced by the cyclodextrin's concentration increment and the temperature, the process being spontaneously. Next, inclusion compounds were obtained by co-evaporation and co-precipitation, and their structures were confirmed by FTIR and MS analysis. The complexes were tested in vitro compared with the parent substances, the results indicating improved antioxidant and antimicrobial activities. Moreover, the dissolution of diosmin increased in mediums similar to physiological conditions (simulated gastric and intestinal). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]