Search

This study explores the crucial aspect of achieving successful welding procedures, where proper heating and fusion of components are essential for creating a unified piece. While TIG welding boasts numerous advantageous features, a notable limitation lies in its lack of penetration. To address this challenge, the authors investigated the efficacy of using non-metallic backing mediums to see the effect of thermal conductivity and specific heat capacity of backing medium on weld penetration in TIG welding processes. By employing these backing mediums, the study aims to shed light on the potential impact of these non-metallic backing mediums on weld quality and penetration depth. This case study focuses on Bead-on-plate TIG welding performed on plates with the same material thickness. In contrast to previous studies that utilized plates as backing mediums (Singh et al. in Sādhanā 46:203, 2021). However, for this case study, water and ice were adopted as alternative backing mediums. The study replicated previous experimental conditions, facilitating a rapid transfer of heat input to the non-metallic backing medium. Apart from evaluating weld penetration, the research also examined the grain size of TIG welds assisted by the backing medium, comparing it with the grain size obtained in standard TIG welding procedures. The findings shed light on the potential impact of these backing mediums on weld quality and microstructural characteristics, contributing valuable insights to the field of TIG welding.

ABSTRACTMagnesium alloys are widely used to lightweight the components in the automobile, aerospace, and electronics industries because of their low density and high specific strength. However, factors like low ductility, low mechanical strength, and high corrosion rate restrict the extensive use of the material. To utilise the alloy with improved mechanical and corrosion properties, friction stir processing followed by heat treatment was performed. The study explored the effect of ageing temperature and ageing time on the microstructure, mechanical and corrosion properties of friction stir processed AZ31 alloy. The results indicate that friction stir processing at TRS of 1200 rpm and TTS of 60 mm/min, followed by heat treatment augments the corrosion resistance of AZ31 alloy.

Andrographis paniculata(Burm.f.) Nees has been well-researched for its immunomodulatory effects.

Data dimensionality causes problems like large storage requirements due to data redundancy, noisy data visualisation and high computational cost in analytical processes. Hence, reduction of high data dimension data set is the vital task in big data analytics. Feature selection is a dimensionality reduction approach that targets to reduce the high data dimensions into l subset by attaining a set of uncorrelated principal variables based on key features from the data source by eliminating redundant, noisy features and irrelevant. In the proposed work, ant colony optimisation (ACO) and quick branch and bound (QBB) based hybrid algorithm for feature selection is presented to improve the efficiency of feature selection in big data analytics. ACO was implemented for feature selection by observing real ants in their search of their food resources. QBB algorithm is used to partition the large data set into two partitions initially. These two algorithms are combined and implemented to reduce the data dimensionality based on feature selection approach. This algorithm was simulated and compared against existing feature selection algorithms in terms of a set of performance metrics such as precision, recall, F-score, classification accuracy, size of selected feature and proved the efficacy of proposed hybrid algorithm.

Iris is an evenly highlighted radial membrane with complex patterns that are perceptible upon near inspection, which exists behind the cornea of the eye with a changeable circular opening called the pupil. Iris Recognition System is a technique of identifying people using those complex distinctive features in patterns. Generally, Iris recognition system is used in security allied applications such as, authenticating PCs, network and mobile devices, physical and logical premises access control, national border control, secure banking and financial transactions, national identity like AADHAAR in India etc. This paper reviews the state-of-art design and implementation of various iris recognition systems. The contributions of the paper include: 1) conferring the importance, applications and deployment of iris recognition system related to human identification; 2) providing an analysis on iris recognition methods in effect; 3, discussing the present research defies; 4) providing commendations for the future research on iris recognition system.

ABSTRACTAccurate prediction of arrival time of buses is still a challenging problem in dynamically varying traffic conditions especially under Indian traffic conditions. The present study proposes two predictive modelling methodologies using the concepts of time series analysis, namely (a) classical seasonal AR model with possible integrating non-stationary effects and (b) linear non-stationary AR approach, a novel technique exploiting the notion of partial correlation for learning from data to predict arrival time of buses efficiently. Reported existing studies did not explore the distribution of travel time data and its effects on modelling. The present study conducted a detailed analysis of the marginal distributions of the data and incorporated it into the predictive models. A multi-section ahead travel time prediction algorithm is also proposed to facilitate real time implementation. From the results, it was found that the proposed method is able to perform better than many of the existing approaches.

Image fusion plays a vital role for many applications in the field of computer vision, remote sensing, image robotics and medical imaging. This paper is focused on the fusion of multimodality brain images, using a Modified Dual Channel Pulse Coupled Neural Network (MDCPCNN) algorithm along with hybrid edge enhancement approach namely Canny and Ant Colony Optimisation (ACO). In general, the fused image derived from PCNN algorithm has better tissue information and contrast even though a loss occurs in edge information. To overcome this drawback, a hybrid edge enhancement approach is proposed and applied along with MDCPCNN fusion algorithm. The proposed model is validated using four datasets of brain images from different modality, with the subjective and objective measures. The fused image constructed from the proposed model consistently retains the edge information, contrast and texture than the existing PCNN's without false information or information loss.

Many constraints limit the accuracy level of classification of a face recognition system in smart office automation application, and these limitations make mask face recognition an important research area. In this research, a novel deep learning based Faster R-CNN which integrates with Internet of Things (IoT) to overcome the security issues in the office. The images of existing employees were gathered in a database and these images are pre-processed to train the neural network. Faster R-CNN employs VGG-16 as the foundation of its architecture to extract the features from pre-processed pictures. The recent development in Internet of Things (IoT) and deep learning have made it possible to addressing the difficulties of face recognition with deep neural network. Based on the feature classification, when a member of an organization approaches the door, it instantly opens. The door remains locked if it is an unknown individual.The images of a both authorized and unauthorized person were stored in a cloud and send it to the office manager for monitoring. The proposed Faster R-CNN model attain the accuracy range 99.3% better than the existing system. The proposed Faster R-CNN improves the overall accuracy ranges of 2.06%, 5.63%, 9.36%, and 3.54% better than Deep CNN, SVM, LBPH, and OMTCNN respectively.

Home Automation Systems are mainly targeted towards people with physical difficulties for movement. The proposed Voice Assisted Home Automation System (VAHAS) enables one to control all electrical equipment and peripheral devices by means of just one’s voice. By means of interfacing the devices (which could include lights, televisions, air conditioners and so on) with the Linux powered main device running our software, via RF enabled switches, the system responds to the user’s voice commands and intelligently activates, deactivates and changes the state of the appliances. The paper elucidates the actual implementation of a low cost device and shows the results produced by the system. Scalability and customer accessibility of the system is also considered during design.

Clinico-microbiological analysis of a series of 25 patients with culture proven melioidosis was done. All patients came from the coastal regions of Kerala and Karnataka and presented between June 2005 to July 2006. They were analysed with respect to clinical presentation, occupation, epidemiology and microbiological features. No single presenting clinical feature was found to be typical of melioidosis. The disease was found to mimic a variety of conditions, including tuberculosis and malignancy. Burkholderia pseudomalleiwas isolated from blood, sputum, pus, urine, synovial, peritoneal and pericardial fluids. Diabetes mellitus was the most common predisposing factor and 80% of the cases presented during the Southwest monsoon (June to September). It is probable that melioidosis is highly prevalent in western coastal India and yet, greatly underestimated. Better awareness, both among clinicians and microbiologists, coupled with improved diagnostic methods to allow early diagnosis and hence early treatment, will significantly reduce the morbidity and mortality associated with this disease.

Tungstate exchanged Mg-Al layered double hydroxides a as recyclable heterogenised catalyst along with H₂O₂ as an oxidant for the oxidation of sec-amines to nitrones is developed for the first time, Reactions proceed at a fast rate in aqueous media in a single step at room temperature in good to excellent yields. The heterogenised catalyst showed higher activity (TOF) over their homogeneous analogues and other heterogeneous catalysts reported so far. The obtained catalysts were well characterised by various instrumental techniques such as FT-IR spectroscopy, thermal analysis (TGA and DTA), powder XRD and chemical analysis. The catalyst can be reused for six cycles with consistent activity and selectivity.

AbstractMn-Salen immobilized mesoporous materials were found to be efficient solid catalysts for the nucleophilic ring opening of oxiranes with TMSN3, TMSCN and aniline.

The individual and synergic effects of vibration and rotation on mass transfer for spheres were experimentally obtained. The limiting current data were measured at the surface of the sphere using an electrochemical method. The investigations covered the following variables: amplitude of vibration, frequency of vibration, rotational speed and diameter of the sphere. The limiting current data were found to increase with an increase in frequency, amplitude and rotational speed. The mass transfer data were correlated in terms of dimensionless groups.

cis- andtrans-4,6-Diaryltetrahydropyran-2-ones were synthesised from the corresponding ketoesters. High resolution NMR spectral data reveal that they are stabilised in half-chair conformations.

β‐keto esters have been successfully transesterified with primary, secondary, tertiary, allyl and alkynic alcohols by recyclable Mn(III) salen or vanadyl(IV) acetate catalysts realised while conducting the reaction deliberately for the first time in a novel heterogeneous media to afford good to excellent yields.

Knoevenagel condensations were catalysed by Mn(III) salen complex in quantitative yields under mild reaction conditions for the first time. The catalyst was reused for several cycles with consistent activity.

A green process, using a recyclable tungstate-exchanged Mg–Al layered double hydroxide (LDH-WO₄2−) heterogenised catalyst and aqueous H₂O₂ oxidant in water, leads to N-oxidation of aliphatic tert-amines to amine N-oxides in quantitative yields, at a high rate at room temperature.

For Abstract see ChemInform Abstract in Full Text.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.

ChemInform is a weekly Abstracting Service, delivering concise information at a glance that was extracted from about 100 leading journals. To access a ChemInform Abstract of an article which was published elsewhere, please select a “Full Text” option. The original article is trackable via the “References” option.