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Despite advances in diagnosis and treatment, racial disparities continue to exist in colorectal cancer (CRC) survival. This study aims to characterize the CRC survival differences among racial and ethnic minority groups. The Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database was used to identify adults diagnosed with CRC from 2015 to 2019. Demographics, disease characteristics, surgical treatment, stages, and survival data for individuals who are Hispanic, Black, Southeast Asian, Chinese, American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN), Asian Indian and Pakistani (AIP), and Native Hawaiian and Other Pacific Islanders (NHOPI) were extracted. Survival analysis was done using the Kaplan-Meier survival curve. Multivariate analysis was done with the Cox proportional hazard model. There were 40 091 individuals with CRC. NHOPI had the youngest median age of 59 years, while Chinese individuals had the oldest median age of 65 years. From the total sample of their respective subgroups, 43.8% of Black patients and 36.7% of AIAN patients had a median household income of <$60 000, while 55.3% of Southeast Asian patients, 59.7% of Chinese patients, 55.8% of AIP patients, and 65.6% of NHOPI patient had a median household income >$70 000. The 1-year survival rate was lower for patients who were Hispanic (62.0%), Black (60.9%), and AIAN (63.1%). Even after multivariate analysis, Black patients had a significant hazard ratio (HR) of 1.21 (95% confidence interval [95% CI]: 1.05-1.38), while AIP had a HR of 0.68 (95% CI 0.55-0.84), compared to AIAN. Other significant variables that were linked with survival included older age, advanced stage of CRC, a median household income <$60 000, male sex, no surgery, subtotal colectomy/hemicolectomy, and total colectomy. Further studies are needed to elucidate the specific causes of these differences and create appropriate strategies to reduce this survival disparity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Navigating cancer care is complex and is exacerbated by pre-existing comorbidities managed by multiple providers. In this quality improvement study, we evaluated changes in perceived care coordination, navigation, and chronic illness care with community health worker (CHW) and mHealth support among Black breast cancer and prostate cancer patients with hypertension and/or diabetes. We collected patient and provider surveys on chronic illness care coordination at baseline and six months and found improvements in multiple domains. These findings support engaging CHWs to improve care coordination among cancer patients with comorbidities and demonstrate a use case of importancewith emerging navigation reimbursement policies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Black patients with heart failure (HF) report worse quality of life (QoL) than White patients. Few investigators have examined mediators of the association between race and QoL, but depressive symptoms and sleep quality are associated with QoL. Objective: The aim of this study was to determine whether depressive symptoms and sleep quality are mediators of the relationship between race and QoL among patients with HF. Methods: This was a cross-sectional study. We included 271 outpatients with HF. Self-reported race (White/Black), depressive symptoms (Patient Health Questionnaire), sleep quality (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index), and QoL (Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire) were collected at baseline. A serial multiple mediator analysis was conducted using the PROCESS macro for SPSS. Results: Ninety-six patients (35.4%) were Black. Black participants reported higher levels of depressive symptoms and poorer sleep quality than White participants. Race was not directly associated with QoL but indirectly associated with QoL through depressive symptoms and poorer sleep quality. Because of higher levels of depressive symptoms and poorer sleep quality, Black participants reported poorer QoL than White participants. Conclusions: Depressive symptoms and sleep quality together mediated the relationship between race and QoL. These findings suggest that screening for depressive symptoms and sleep quality could identify patients at risk for poor QoL, especially in Black patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Outgroup empathy deficit research suggests that White U.S. citizens—especially those most prone to prejudice—should report minimal empathy for Black victims of police violence. We propose that this oft-cited phenomena is not inevitable, and the police-related experiences of those White individuals must be considered. To address this issue, we considered empathy toward a Black versus White woman victim of a fatal police shooting. We were particularly interested in identifying factors that might eliminate outgroup empathy deficits. Method: Two hundred and thirty White MTurk participants completed a right-wing authoritarianism (RWA) measure and reported the extent that they experienced police mistreatment. They were randomly assigned to read about a deadly White policeman shooting of a Black or White woman and reported the extent they believed Black people experienced unfair police mistreatment, their victim-directed empathy, and their compassion for her family. Results: There was clear evidence of inclusive victimhood consciousness (i.e., acknowledging that one's personal experiences are like those of an outgroup). Specifically, in the Black (but not White) victim condition, greater perceived personal police mistreatment predicted elevated perceived police mistreatment of Black individuals, which in turn was linked to heightened victim-directed empathy and family-directed compassion. Critically important, these effects were limited to high RWA participants. The Victim Race × Personal Police Mistreatment interaction was not significant for low RWA participants. Conclusions: In sum, among highly authoritarian White participants, police mistreatment experiences were positively associated with empathy for a Black woman victim of a deadly police shooting and compassion for her family. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Key Points: Question: How many children in the US lost a parent to a drug overdose between 2011 and 2021, and does the rate vary by parent age, sex, or race and ethnicity? Findings: In this cross-sectional study from 2011 to 2021, an estimated 321 566 community-dwelling children in the US lost a parent aged 18 to 64 years to drug overdose, and the rate of children who lost a parent to overdose increased during this period. In 2021, the highest rate was found among non-Hispanic American Indian and Alaska Native individuals. Meaning: The findings indicate that responses to the overdose crisis should account for the full burden of overdose on families and children, including addressing the economic, social, educational, and health care needs of children who have lost parents to overdose. This cross-sectional study estimates the number of children who lost a parent to drug overdose in the US from 2011 to 2021. Importance: Parents' overdose death can have a profound short- and long-term impact on their children, yet little is known about the number of children who have lost a parent to drug overdose in the US. Objective: To estimate the number and rate of children who have lost a parent to drug overdose from 2011 to 2021 overall and by parental age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Design, Setting, and Participants: This was a cross-sectional study of US community-dwelling persons using data from the National Survey on Drug Use and Health (2010-2014 and 2015-2019) and the National Vital Statistics System (2011-2021). Data were analyzed from January to June 2023. Exposure: Parental drug overdose death, stratified by age group, sex, and race and ethnicity. Main Outcomes and Measures: Numbers, rates, and average annual percentage change (AAPC) in rates of children losing a parent aged 18 to 64 years to drug overdose, overall and by age, sex, and race and ethnicity. Results: From 2011 to 2021, 649 599 adults aged 18 to 64 years died from a drug overdose (mean [SD] age, 41.7 [12.0] years; 430 050 [66.2%] male and 219 549 [33.8%] female; 62 606 [9.6%] Hispanic, 6899 [1.1%] non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native, 6133 [0.9%] non-Hispanic Asian or Pacific Islander, 82 313 [12.7%] non-Hispanic Black, 485 623 [74.8%] non-Hispanic White, and 6025 [0.9%] non-Hispanic with more than 1 race). Among these decedents, from 2011 to 2021, an estimated 321 566 (95% CI, 276 592-366 662) community-dwelling children lost a parent aged 18 to 64 years to drug overdose. The rate of community-dwelling children who lost a parent to drug overdose per 100 000 children increased from 27.0 per 100 000 in 2011 to 63.1 per 100 000 in 2021. The highest rates were found among children of non-Hispanic American Indian or Alaska Native individuals, who had a rate of 187.1 per 100 000 in 2021, more than double the rate among children of non-Hispanic White individuals (76.5 per 100 000) and non-Hispanic Black individuals (73.2 per 100 000). While rates increased consistently each year for all parental age, sex, and race and ethnicity groups, non-Hispanic Black parents aged 18 to 25 years had the largest AAPC (23.8%; 95% CI, 16.5-31.6). Rates increased for both fathers and mothers; however, more children overall lost fathers (estimated 192 459; 95% CI, 164 081-220 838) than mothers (estimated 129 107; 95% CI, 112 510-145 824). Conclusions and Relevance: An estimated 321 566 children lost a parent to drug overdose in the US from 2011 to 2021, with significant disparities evident across racial and ethnic groups. Given the potential short- and long-term negative impact of parental loss, program and policy planning should ensure that responses to the overdose crisis account for the full burden of drug overdose on families and children, including addressing the economic, social, educational, and health care needs of children who have lost parents to overdose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dados - Revista de Ciências Sociais is the property of DADOS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dados - Revista de Ciências Sociais is the property of DADOS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Dados - Revista de Ciências Sociais is the property of DADOS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article is a roundtable discussion with three Black parliamentarians in Canada, who share their experiences as Black candidates and parliamentarians in predominantly white legislatures. They emphasize the importance of representation and building connections with Black communities, while also discussing the challenges they face in advocating for their communities. The parliamentarians highlight the need for education and engagement within the Black community to navigate the political process. The text emphasizes the challenges faced by Black parliamentarians, the importance of Black caucuses, and the need for inclusivity, support, and resources for Black politicians. It also calls for uncomfortable conversations, allies, and collective efforts to advance the agenda of progress. [Extracted from the article]

This conceptual article argues for the need to reframe approaches to the South African food crisis in terms of decolonizing the food system. The point of departure is that the South African food system produces starkly unequal access to nutritious food, negative health outcomes, environmental destruction and a breakdown in social relations. The harms of this system disproportionately affect the poor, Black people and women. The historical roots of this unjust food system lie in colonialism, capitalism and apartheid, yet this coloniality continues in its modern global industrial incarnation. The colonial, capitalist values underpinning the food system have been normalized and have become hegemonic. This leaves little space for imagining – or fighting for – more just alternatives. Yet the framework of decolonization has the potential to create such a space to begin to challenge the hegemony of the current (neo)colonial/capitalist food system and replace the profit motive with the values of reciprocity, collectivity and inter-connectedness that underpinned pre-colonial food systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Education / Revue Canadienne de l'Éducation is the property of Canadian Society for the Study of Education and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

"Black Health: The Social, Political, and Cultural Determinants of Black People's Health" by Professor Keisha Ray is a comprehensive exploration of the factors contributing to health inequities among Black Americans. The book examines the role of medical professionals in perpetuating prejudice and the connection between bioethics, medicine, race, and racism. It addresses issues such as racism in maternity care, inadequate pain management, and the impact of housing and environmental factors on Black health. The author emphasizes that race is a social construct and highlights shared experiences of racism and social inequities. The book also examines the historical roots of Black maternal mortality and the complex issue of pain influenced by cultural beliefs and bias. It provides valuable insights for understanding health disparities and promoting health equity for marginalized groups. [Extracted from the article]

The federal Housing Act of 1949 funded ‘urban renewal’, a programme to clear urban areas that White-run local governments deemed ‘slums’. From the 1950s to the 1980s, Roanoke joined hundreds of other American cities in levelling old neighbourhoods, usually home to Black citizens and other minorities. In this paper I recount my reporting in the early 1990s on the displacement of residents from neighbourhoods such as Northeast and adjacent Gainsboro. The city destroyed some 1,600 homes, twenty-four churches, Roanoke’s first post office, historic schools and around 200 small businesses. All were in one of the only sections where authorities allowed Black people to live. In scores of interviews people spoke longingly of life in their destroyed neighbourhoods and detailed an enduring distrust of their government and the local media that supported the clearances without reporting the consequences. After reading a copy of my 1995 report on how urban renewal uprooted Black Roanoke, Dr Mindy Fullilove visited the city, which would become a central case in Root Shock: How Tearing Up City Neighborhoods Hurts America and What Can We Do About It. Today, Roanoke is still recovering from the devastation of urban renewal. Residents repeatedly evoke this history as they scrutinize contemporary redevelopment plans. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the field of social memory of slavery, a growing body of scholarship on the Jim Crow North has complicated the notion of white supremacy as a specifically Southern ideology, locating what historians view as a "missing link" in the history of race in America. This study examines a corollary gap in American journalism history—the role that white Northern newspapers played a generation after Emancipation in softening white memory of slavery and hardening discourse toward African Americans. This article applies narrative analysis to sample five large-circulation white New York City newspapers from 1889 to 1910, along with a contemporary Black city newspaper. The study concludes that white newspapers, by perpetuating racist tropes upstreamed from literature, cultivated Jim Crow ideology beyond the former Confederacy. The findings shed light on the timeline of Black Americans' struggle for mass media representation and demonstrate journalism's intertextual role in shaping social memory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article offers information on the comparative analysis of Black-centered radio stations WVON in Chicago and WYLD in New Orleans during the civil rights movement. Topics include the journalistic approaches of each station—WVON as a progressive newsroom advocating radical socio-political views and WYLD focusing on traditional Black-oriented journalism.

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates if ethnoracial groups in the US differ in risk of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, clinical high risk for psychosis, and psychotic symptoms and experiences. Key Points: Question: Do ethnoracial groups in the US differ in risk of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, clinical high risk for psychosis (CHR-P), and psychotic symptoms (PSs) and experiences (PEs)? Findings: In this systematic review and meta-analysis including 64 studies of which 47 studies were included in the meta-analysis, risk of schizophrenia diagnosis was significantly increased among Black individuals and those categorized as other ethnoracial group compared with White individuals, and risk of PSs/PEs was significantly increased among both Black and Latinx groups. Findings regarding CHR-P were equivocal. Meaning: Ethnoracial risk variation in the US is present across multiple psychosis-related outcomes, suggesting that factors other than diagnostic bias alone underlie these disparities. Importance: Studies suggest a higher risk of schizophrenia diagnoses in Black vs White Americans, yet a systematic investigation of disparities that include other ethnoracial groups and multiple outcomes on the psychosis continuum is lacking. Objective: To identify ethnoracial risk variation in the US across 3 psychosis continuum outcomes (ie, schizophrenia and other psychotic disorders, clinical high risk for psychosis [CHR-P], and psychotic symptoms [PSs] and psychotic experiences [PEs]). Data Sources: PubMed, PsycINFO and Embase were searched up to December 2022. Study Selection: Observational studies on ethnoracial differences in risk of 3 psychosis outcomes. Data Extraction and Synthesis: Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines were followed. Using a random-effects model, estimates for ethnoracial differences in schizophrenia and PSs/PEs were pooled and moderation by sampling and setting was determined, along with the assessment of heterogeneity and risk of bias. Main Outcomes and Measures: Risk of schizophrenia and other psychotic disorder, CHR-P, and conversion to psychosis among CHR-P and PSs/PEs. Results: Of 64 studies in the systematic review, 47 were included in the meta-analysis comprising 54 929 people with schizophrenia and 223 097 with data on PSs/PEs. Compared with White individuals, Black individuals had increased risk of schizophrenia (pooled odds ratio [OR], 2.07; 95% CI, 1.64-2.61) and PSs/PEs (pooled standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.10; 95% CI, 0.03-0.16), Latinx individuals had higher risk of PSs/PEs (pooled SMD, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.08-0.22), and individuals classified as other ethnoracial group were at significantly higher risk of schizophrenia than White individuals (pooled OR, 1.81; 95% CI, 1.31-2.50). The results regarding CHR-P studies were mixed and inconsistent. Sensitivity analyses showed elevated odds of schizophrenia in Asian individuals in inpatient settings (pooled OR, 1.84; 95% CI, 1.19-2.84) and increased risk of PEs among Asian compared with White individuals, specifically in college samples (pooled SMD, 0.16; 95% CI, 0.02-0.29). Heterogeneity across studies was high, and there was substantial risk of bias in most studies. Conclusions and Relevance: Findings of this systematic review and meta-analysis revealed widespread ethnoracial risk variation across multiple psychosis outcomes. In addition to diagnostic, measurement, and hospital bias, systemic influences such as structural racism should be considered as drivers of ethnoracial disparities in outcomes across the psychosis continuum in the US. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To embrace diversity, the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA) has launched initiatives to enroll a more diverse population into the accounting profession. This study investigates if racial disparity currently exists despite these initiatives by conducting a blind study of callbacks for eight fictitious applicants of various races, genders, and resume quality. The study found that although no difference in callbacks existed in general between Blacks and Whites, when quality of resumes is considered Whites have the advantage. Further, the study offers practical solutions for CPA firms and higher education to consider in their efforts to achieve more diversity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dados - Revista de Ciências Sociais is the property of DADOS and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: Mentorship is perceived as a mechanism to enhance career progression. Within occupational therapy, there is little research to demonstrate the effectiveness of mentoring on career success and no research has explored its relevance for black and minoritised ethnic (BME) occupational therapists. This research explored the experience of mentoring for career progression from a BME perspective using a survey. Methods: An online survey was conducted with occupational therapists in the United Kingdom who identified as BME. The primary recruitment method was a convenience sample via a BME network and through its other links. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to analyse and report the data. Findings: In all, 54 BME occupational therapists completed the survey. Most BME therapists had never requested a BME mentor, but most wanted a BME mentor. Active allyship was viewed as an important part of mentorship when mentored by a white therapist. Conclusion: This research is the first study in occupational therapy to examine the mentoring experiences and needs of BME therapists. It is a call for action to recognise and reorient the approach and understanding of the structures and experiences of BME mentorship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Values are very important in our lives. It is the fundamental principle of our lives that guides us as to what should be done and what should not be done in our lives. Without values, there is no distinction between human beings and animals. Our society is built on communication. With the help of good communication, we are able to make a connection and inspire others to make changes. Without convincing communication capacity, it is difficult to excel in professional or personal life. Speaking in front of audiences or giving speeches is one of the most important forms of communication. This paper is an analysis of the values of Nelson Mandela, which are reflected in his speeches. Nelson Mandela has a special place in South African politics because he was the first black person to become president of South Africa. The values of his speeches are so prominent, which gives him a unique place in the politics of the world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the challenges faced by multiracial individuals, particularly those with Black and White ancestry, in asserting their racial identity. It focuses on the phenomenon of racial denials, where a person's self-ascribed racial identity is questioned or denied. The author argues that multiracial individuals often encounter an unfair environment that hinders their ability to understand and communicate their racial experiences. The article emphasizes the need to prioritize the perspectives and experiences of multiracial people in philosophy and calls for further exploration of racial denials. [Extracted from the article]

This study aimed to analyze how scientific publications described and interpreted findings about the relationship between the Black population and events linked to COVID-19 in 2020. Narrative review with systematic search, in which a survey was conducted on articles published in 2020 in the Scopus, Medline/PubMed, and Web of Science databases. Initially, 665 articles were found, and after reading and applying the eligible criteria, the final number of 45 articles was reached. Epidemiological, observational studies, secondary data and developed in the United States predominated. Four groupings and respective findings emerged from the synthesis of information extracted: Main events in the Black population - high number of deaths and mortality rate; Direct relationships - poor health, housing, and work conditions; Intermediate relationships - low income and anti-Black prejudice; Comprehensive relationships - structural racism and social determinants of health. The identification of racial health disparities is an important finding about the dynamics of the pandemic among the Black population. However, multicausal explanations were limited. It is necessary to mobilize critical theoretical resources from ethnic and health studies to qualify research in order to support global actions to combat the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic in this group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quilombola communities have felt the effects of racism deepened by COVID-19, whose repercussions are amplified in contexts of racial inequalities, characterizing it as a syndemic. The term refers to the synergy of biological, economic, environmental, political, and social elements that enhance coexisting conditions and states, impacting life and affecting health. Thus, our study seeks to analyze the repercussions of the COVID-19 syndemic based on the perceptions of quilombola community leaders in Mato Grosso, Brazil. In a qualitative study, three leaders were interviewed in May 2022, using a semi-structured script and treating the data through thematic analysis. The COVID-19 syndemic highlighted the structural precariousness of transport, roads, sanitation, and access to water, food, and health services. Isolation, deaths, and fears had psychosocial repercussions, but little attention was paid to mental health. Anti-racist proposals call for: repairing precariousness by recognizing the State's debt to the black population; valuing experiences, way of life, cosmovision, and Afro-centered ancestral civilizational values. Finally, the aim is to strengthen, reaffirm, and implement anti-racist actions, such as the Statute of Racial Equality and the PNSIPN, in all possible spaces, policies, and institutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an emblematic case of historical health neglect in Brazil and reflects how institutional racism produces health inequalities. This article engaged in a historical journey of this disease, showing the delayed implementation of health policies for people with sickle cell disease, often concealed in Public Power's (in)actions and omissions. The lack of commitment to implement the recommendations of the Brazilian Ministry of Health, such as neonatal screening, and the difficulty in incorporating technologies for health care result from this modus operandi. The advances and setbacks in programmatic actions and the constant pressure on several governmental entities have characterized the reported saga in the last twenty years. The present text discusses the policies for people with SCD, appropriating the Sankofa symbol, meaning that building the present is only possible by remembering past mistakes. Thus, we recognize this trajectory and this historical moment in which there is a concrete possibility of moving forward and achieving the longed-for comprehensive care for people with SCD. There is an invitation to glance at a new perspective, one in which hope is the trigger for the movements needed to guarantee the rights of people with SCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This ecological study examined time series, from 2002 to 20121, of age-adjusted coefficients of cervical cancer mortality, in Brazil, in women aged 20 years or more, by race. The information sources were Brazil's mortality information system (Sistema de Informação sobre Mortalidade - SIM) and the official bureau of statistics (Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE). Annual changes in age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated using the Prais-Winsten linear regression method. Black women die more and the rate is decreasing less. Racial inequality has increased over the years. In 2002, there were 0.08 more deaths per 100,000 women in the black population than among white women; in 2021, the number was one death. Health policymaking should consider racial differences in the implementation of strategies and goals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This ecological study of time trends and multiple groups evaluated incompleteness in the race/colour field of Brazilian health information system records and the related time trend, 2009-2018, for the diseases and disorders most prevalent in the black population. The Romero and Cunha (2006) classification was applied in order to examine incompleteness using secondary data from Brazil's National Notifiable Diseases System, Hospital Information System and Mortality Information System, by administrative regions of Brazil, while percentage underreporting and time trend were calculated using simple linear regression models with Prais-Winsten correction (p-value<0.05). All records scored poorly except those for mortality from external causes (excellent), tuberculosis (good) and infant mortality (fair). An overall downward trend was observed in percentage incompleteness. Analysis by region found highest mean incompleteness in the North (30.5%), Northeast (33.3%) and Midwest (33.0%) regions. The Southeast and Northeast regions showed the strongest downward trends. The findings intended to increase visibility on the implications of the race/color field for health equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article proposes a reflection on the imperative of antiracism in collective oral health, which, as a science, field, core, and praxis, contributes significantly to the reconstruction of an ethos that considers equity and enables citizenship and democracy. As a paradigm, we assumed the concept of "Buccality" and the guidelines of the National Comprehensive Health Policy for the Black Population, emphasizing the defense of the right to health as a prerogative of the right to life and the combat against racism and all forms of discrimination systematically. As a critical exercise, we discussed the status quo of collective oral health. We pointed to adopting a racial pro-equity perspective as an intentional, political choice socially agreed upon with all of society for social justice. Finally, we propose recommendations for dismantling systemic racism in collective oral health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aimed to investigate the association between racial iniquities and oral health status. This is a systematic review with a protocol registered on the Prospero Platform (CRD42021228417), with searches carried out in electronic databases and in gray literature. Our study identified 3,028 publications. After applying the eligibility criteria and risk of bias analysis, 18 studies were selected. The results indicate that individuals of black/brown race/skin color have unfavorable oral health conditions, mainly represented by self-rated oral health, tooth loss, caries, and periodontitis. The results showed racial iniquities in oral health in different countries, for all analyzed indicators, with a greater vulnerability of the black population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is part of a study aimed to map antiracist knowledge and practices in mental health by monitoring the practices of three collectives of professionals working in/with the psychosocial care network in the city of São Paulo, allowing us to characterize their intervention strategies. To contribute to the conceptualization of this article, through a review of the decolonial literature, three major ideas have been outlined that have allowed us to give substance to the decolonization of Psychiatric Reform: bewilderment, which, in dialogue with Achille Mbembe and Frantz Fanon, invites us to affirm madness and blackness without, however, establishing fixations; the antimanicolonial, which occurs in the promotion of the free and countercultural exercise of imagining diasporas, in light of that proposed by Édouard Glissant, Paul Gilroy, and Lélia Gonzales regarding an Atlantic (de)orientation in which elements of the black diaspora and Latin America can re-signify blackness and unreason; and aquilombar, as a liberatory praxis whose genesis lies in the quilombos as a living metaphor for the radicalisation of relationships in differences, based on Abdias do Nascimento's quilombismo, Clóvis Moura's quilombagem, Beatriz Nascimento's (k)quilombo, and Mariléa de Almeida's devir quilomba. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article aimed to analyze how institutional racism at a Brazilian public university affects the lives of Black students. This mixed study was developed by applying an online self-administered questionnaire to university students who self-declared as Blacks. Quantitative data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, bivariate analysis using chi-square, and multinomial logistic regression. Qualitative data analysis was performed using IRAMUTEQ. Sixty-eight (54.4%) of the 125 respondents claimed to have suffered racism at least once within the university. We noticed that racist situations experienced by Black people within the university environment call into question the student's self-confidence and motivation, directly affecting their mental health and performance in the course. The importance of receptive groups for strengthening students' belonging was highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the exhibition "Crafting Freedom: The Life and Legacy of Free Black Potter Thomas W. Commeraw" at the New-York Historical Society. The exhibition aims to shed light on the life of Thomas W. Commeraw, a Black potter who was previously assumed to be white. The article raises questions about how Commeraw's racial identity was overlooked and explores the implications of this oversight. The exhibition features over twenty of Commeraw's stoneware vessels and presents a complex narrative of his life as a craftsperson, entrepreneur, family man, abolitionist, and political activist. The article also discusses the presentation of race in the gallery and the curatorial choices that communicate whiteness in craft exhibitions. The exhibition raises unanswered questions about Commeraw's legacy and challenges visitors to think critically about historical narratives constructed by museums. [Extracted from the article]

This article argues that elevated levels of gun homicide and gun suicide among younger black men and middle-aged white men, respectively, are the consequences of a political economy that produces widespread despair among the most vulnerable segments of the laboring classes. Understood in this way, these phenomena share a common etiology whose roots can be traced to two major, temporally distinct developments: (1) postwar shifts in the political economy that redefined central cities as sites of black dislocation, and (2) the more recent intensification of globalization and investor class power that has redefined smaller cities, towns, and rural communities as sites of white dislocation. These transformations have rendered working-class blacks and whites (and others) vulnerable to a wide range of maladies and adverse social outcomes, including involvement in gun violence. In addition to examining these political-economic transformations and their effects on black and white working-class communities, this article also explores the divergent racialized manifestations of gun violence within these demographic groups. While micro and mezzo interventions are typically stressed to respond to these issues, their ultimate resolution requires recognition of their common roots in conditions of structurally imposed despair and the concomitant remedy of those conditions at the macro level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article details a panel discussion featuring Frank X Walker, Theresa Burriss, Jean Donohue, Fred Johnson, and Crystal Wilkinson, exploring the creation and impact of the documentary "Coal Black Voices." Topics discussed include the influence of Gurney Norman on the Affrilachian poets, the documentary's production process, and the ongoing relevance of Affrilachian literature in academic settings.

This article is a review of the book "These Potatoes Look Like Humans: The Contested Future of Land, Home and Death in South Africa" by uMbuso weNkosi. The book explores the historical injustice of land dispossession in South Africa and its connection to African spirituality. It focuses on the case study of Bethal, a white-owned farm where African laborers were exploited and killed. The book discusses the relationship between land, violence, and the law, highlighting the dehumanizing conditions faced by African workers and the denial of their humanity even in death. The review praises the well-structured and coherent chapters of the book, making it a worthwhile read for those interested in the topic. [Extracted from the article]

Black/African Americans constitute the third largest minority population in the United States (U.S), but there is considerable variation among the black population in the U.S. Although an African-born black immigrant and a U.S.-born black citizen may be phenotypically similar, their health beliefs and health outcomes may differ. Poor health outcomes among black women remain a significant health concern in the U.S., and there is a growing societal awareness of the need to differentiate the healthcare experiences and needs of “African American women” (AAW) and “African immigrant women' (AIW) differently. The purpose of the integrative review of literature is to compare the healthcare experiences of AAW and AIW. Based on current research, the following three themes are identified: 1) socio-cultural influences impact the healthcare experiences differently between AAW and AIW; 2) relationships with healthcare providers differ between AAW and AIW; and 3) barriers and facilitators to receiving healthcare vary between AAW and AIW. This integrative review highlights the many dimensions of health disparities that exist in the healthcare experiences for AAW and AIW. The results underscore the need for tailored health programs for both groups. Culturally sensitive care models are necessary to inform healthcare and respond to the unique health needs of black women of different origins. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Health care inequity includes the lack of adequate representation of various populations in clinical trials. Government, academic and industry organizations have highlighted these issues and committed to actions to improve. In order to assess the current status and future success of these initiatives a quantitative objective measure to assess the state of clinical trial diversity is needed. Methods: FDA review documents for all novel drug approvals from January 2022 through March 2023 were assessed using a scorecard that considers diversity across different demographic subgroups including age (≥ 65 years old), sex (female), race (Black and Asian) and ethnicity (Hispanic/Latino). The scorecard assigns each drug a letter grade, between A and F, for each subgroup (and overall) based on (1) the percent of each sub-population included in the trials and grades relative to the percent of the US population per the 2020 Census, (2) the number of participants from each subpopulation that received the novel new drug in the trials, (3) the incidence or prevalence of the disease/condition in each of the sub-populations. Results: The FDA approved 49 novel new drugs for 50 indications (one drug was simultaneously approved for two indications). There was good representation of elderly and females with only two drugs receiving a D grade in either of these sub-populations. In contrast, Black (5 F grades) and Hispanic (4 F grades) representation was often inadequate. There were 10 drugs (20.0%) where there were no Black participants receiving the novel new drug and 16 (32.0%) approvals where there were 1–9 Black participants receiving the novel drug. In the Hispanic/Latino population there were 4 (8.0%) approvals with no Hispanic participants receiving the novel drug and 15 (30.0%) approvals where there were 1–9 Hispanic participants receiving the drug. Conclusions: This scorecard provides an objective quantitative approach to assess the current state of diversity in clinical trials supporting new drug approvals. Substantial improvement in racial and ethnic representation is needed. Meaningful change will require actions and cooperation among all stakeholders to address this multifaceted issue and will take commitment, perseverance, and appropriate incentives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this qualitative study, we explore the resilience and innovation of Black entrepreneurs in South Metro Atlanta amidst systemic financial constraints and racial discrimination. Our investigation reveals not only the obstacles these business owners face but also their strategic responses to such challenges, especially during the tumultuous times of the COVID-19 pandemic. Highlighting the indispensable role of community support and the necessity for inclusive policies, our findings offer actionable insights for fostering an environment where African American businesses can thrive. This study serves as a roadmap for policymakers, stakeholders, and scholars to understand and support the dynamic landscape of Black entrepreneurship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

White backlash is the immediate, violent response of some white people to the actual and perceived racial and educational progress of oppressed groups. In this paper, we take a historical detour to map this phenomenon, specifically in the history of K-12 Black education. We demonstrate that the current state of education is not an exceptional moment, but part of a long genealogy of anti-Black educational violence and white backlash. Yet, we suggest that operating from an understanding of the inevitability and imminence of white backlash offers necessary tools in the continued fight for liberatory Black educational futures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde e Sociedade is the property of Universidade de Sao Paulo, Faculdade de Saude Publica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Few Black nurses occupy positions of leadership, and even fewer Black female nurses advance to careers as nurse executives. The purpose of this 2018 study was to explore the lived experience of being Black and female when becoming a nurse executive, specifically the nuances of being both a racial and gender minority. Using a hermeneutic phenomenological method, this study explored the experiences of a purposive sample of 10 Black female nurse executives through semistructured telephone interviews. van Manen's approach and Collins' Black feminist thought as the theoretical framework guided data analysis. Three themes emerged: (a) living in a constant state of readiness; (b) embracing the responsibility beyond the job description; and (c) overcoming. Participants testified of the psychological dynamics of Black womanness, and the burdens of the intersectionality of race, gender, and class discrimination, while managing the complexities and rigors of a thriving career. Discussing the results of this research will help leaders in nursing, health care, and related professions to understand further the experiences of Black female nurse executives, which will inform efforts to (a) increase minority representation in positions of nursing leadership and (b) improve health equity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales y Artes Escénicas is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales y Artes Escénicas is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Community Mental Health is the property of Canadian Periodical for Community Studies Inc. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)