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Objectives. It is prescribed to determine blue-light hazard (BLH) weighted radiances, $ {L_\textrm{B}} $ LB, for an assessment of spotlights with an angular subtense $ \alpha \ge 11{\mkern 1mu} \,\textrm{mrad} $ α≥11mrad. The BLH weighted irradiance, $ {E_\textrm{B}} $ EB, can be used alternatively for smaller sources. Appropriate instruments are not common among persons commissioned with risk assessment (RA), and especially $ {L_\textrm{B}} $ LBmeasurements may be challenging. Therefore, a practical BLH RA approach is proposed that is based on illuminance, $ {E_\textrm{v}} $ Ev, pre-calculated blackbody BLH efficacies of luminous radiation, $ K_{\textrm{B,v}}^{\textrm{Planck}} $ KB,vPlanck, and solid angle considerations. Methods. The practicality of this method was examined and compared against other RA approaches. Results. To ensure comparability of the applied instruments, measurements were performed close to a radiance standard, showing deviations within the lamp’s expanded uncertainties ( $ \lt 4{\mkern 1mu} \% $ <4%), whereas the deviations were $ \pm 15\% $ ±15%for longer distances. Focusing on a complex light-emitting diode (LED) spotlight, all detected values could be converted to $ {L_\textrm{B}} $ LBby means of the RA methods within $ \pm 20\% $ ±20%. Two field tests with several spotlights yielded maximum permissible exposure durations (MPED) obtained from the different RA approaches that agreed among each other within uncertainties largely below $ \pm 30\% $ ±30%. Conclusion. The general practicality of the proposed $ {E_\textrm{v}} $ Evmethod can be concluded for a workplace BLH RA of white-light sources.

This article presents the new Italian database of physical agents, which is available at http://www.portalea-gentifisici.it. It supports in risk assessment employers who have to comply with Italy’s Legislative Decree 81/2008 (transposing into law European Union Directives 2003/10/EC, 2002/44/EC, 2004/40/EC and 2006/25/EC). The database currently contains measurements and declared European Community (EC) values from over 2540 machines; in particular, the database hosts data on mechanical vibration from over 1430 hand-held power tools (e.g., pneumatic and electric hammers, chainsaws, grinders, drills, sanders and saws) and from over 1020 whole-body machines (e.g., buses, fork lifts and wheel tractors). The database is continuously updated as soon as new experimental and declared data are acquired.