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While many of the children who are the results of miraculous birth narratives in the Hebrew Bible proceed to lead important lives, the son promised to the Shunammite woman by Elisha in 2 Kings 4:8–37 serves no function but to be born, die, and be resurrected. In this article, the author uses the "Woman in the Refrigerator" comic book trope to examine the treatment of this child in the text as mere motivation for the protagonist of the story. The boy in 2 Kings 4:8–37 is an innocent victim who lives only to die at the whim of the biblical authors/editors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article delves into the literary rivalry between Sir Philip Sidney and Edward de Vere, the 17th Earl of Oxford, during the Elizabethan era. The rivalry encompassed various aspects, including their competition for Anne Cecil, their status as renowned poets, and a public quarrel in 1579. The article suggests that Sidney's Defense of Poesie, while influential in literary criticism, also contained criticisms of contemporary theatrical practices, possibly aimed at Oxford's plays. The rivalry between these two courtier-poets is intricate and requires a nuanced understanding. Additionally, the text explores the influence of Baldassare Castiglione's book "Il Cortegiano" on courtly behavior and literature during the Renaissance. It examines how the principles of sprezzatura, or the ability to conceal art, were instilled in courtiers like Sidney and Oxford. The text also highlights the impact of "Il Cortegiano" on Shakespeare's plays, providing examples from several works. It mentions that de Vere, who wrote The Courtier, a play available in Elizabethan London, was influenced by Castiglione's work. De Vere has been proposed as the author of Shakespeare's works, shedding light on the portrayal of courtiers in the plays and the poetic rivalry between de Vere and Sidney. The rivalry is evident in their exchange of epigrams and responses to each other's poetry. Sidney's Defence of Poesie influenced Love's Labour's Lost, but the influence of his essay on Shakespeare [Extracted from the article]

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Copyright of Estudios Filosóficos is the property of Estudios Filosoficos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This study provides a thematic analysis of some of the criticisms of Sufism within the Iranian-Shi'i tradition since the Safavid period. These criticisms primarily focus on the origin of Sufism and argue that Sufism is alien to Shi'i thought. In addition, "waʿdat al-wujūd" (unity of existence), some Sufi practices that are claimed to be "bid'ah" (unorthodox innovations), and the method of "kashf" (unveiling), which is the method of obtaining knowledge in Sufism, are among the subjects of criticism. Furthermore, the Sufi concepts of "ittiʿād" (union), "ʿulūl" (incarnation), "fanā" (annihilation), and "tajallī" (theophany) are criticized on the basis of the assumption that God and human beings belong to fundamentally different ontological categories. Finally, Sufism is also subjected to criticism regarding "karāmāt" (miracles) which lack rational certainty. This study also aims at times to question the validity of the criticisms based on various arguments and to address the issues objectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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In the spring of 2023, the ninth European Conference on African Studies (ECAS) took place in Cologne. Though not unexpected (or unusual) this event sparked critical comments and questions. As the organisers, we understand and appreciate this criticism. We, therefore, felt the need to respond to at least some of them, partly because we also asked ourselves many of these questions before, during, and after the conference. At the same time, we want to call for a certain degree of pragmatism when it comes to organising an event this size by providing a look behind the scenes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Too many Australians suffer from poor body image and eating disorders. The Israeli, French and Norwegian Governments have created body image legislation to try to address this: it responds to concerns that the countless images of thin women people see can contribute to poor body image. By contrast, Australia does not have a Body Image Law: it has a voluntary code that the advertising industry generally does not follow. This article argues that Australia should enact a Body Image Law that reflects health evidence that body image needs to be improved. The Body Image Law would require disclaimers on images that were not retouched, create a specialised government body to evaluate images and attract civil penalties for breaching it. The authors believe that this is the first Australian article to suggest an Australian Body Image Law of this kind. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While How Green Was My Valley has been the subject of much criticism, there has been little effort to explain why it was so popular with contemporary Welsh cinemagoers - including with the female film fans who probably represented the majority of its audience. Although the picture has been dismissed as an essentially masculine one, it had much to offer a female audience, whether it was romance, emotional catharsis, attractive costumes, or its timely discussions of gender roles. Cinemagoing was a vital activity for many women in Wales and it is worth exploring how this defining Welsh film might have become an important and meaningful part of their wartime experience. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on defending travel writing against various criticisms, arguing its relevance in an era of cheap flights and abundant online information. Topics include the cultural value of travel writing in capturing unique perspectives, its ability to transcend personal experiences, and its role in presenting diverse viewpoints that enrich understanding beyond conventional tourism.

People in romantic relationships often have to give honest but potentially hurtful evaluations to their partners. Providing constructive criticism has always been an intriguing topic for interpersonal communication researchers. The current scenario study examined two factors (order and specificity enhancement) that might affect people's perceptions of negative evaluations from their partners. Findings showed strong support for an order effect: positive-first messages (enhancement before negative evaluations) were perceived more positively than positive-after messages (enhancement after negative evaluations) and bald-on-record negative evaluations. No significant effect of enhancement specificity (issue-specific enhancement or general enhancement) was detected, except that general enhancement messages were perceived as more polite when said before rather than after negative evaluations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Julian and Maddalo is a poem about how the mind structures reality. Shelley's focus lies in exploring what constitutes the conditions of knowledge. The first part of the essay discusses Shelley's philosophy of mind as set forth in 'A Treatise on Morality'. With the 'Treatise' as backdrop, I read the poem as Shelley's vehicle for exploring consciousness. Each figure in the poem, not merely the Maniac, embodies a different aspect of consciousness. Each is a madman; each bends reality to prop up his view of life. The second part of the essay examines the poem in light of Shelley's theory of mind in A Defence of Poetry. Here Shelley explores the mind's capacity to envision alternative worlds. The tragedy of the Maniac is that he cannot do what Shelley calls for in the Defence: He cannot imagine any other life than the tortured one he is living in his mind. Maddalo's daughter asserts a new pathway to knowledge, one that acknowledges the boundlessness of the mind and offers a new hermeneutics of the self. My argument owes a debt to Sartre's theory of the 'unreal object', Freud's notions of the preconscious and 'the uncanny', and Galen Strawson's ideas on narrativity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Soziologische Revue is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

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The following article, which was written with the method of library research and based on description and analysis, is a fundamental and applied research that has a critical attitude to the book “Thesaurus of Islamic Philosophy”. It is necessary to criticize this book in order to achieve the modernity, growths and respond to the needs of the users in accordance with the increasing development of the science of Islamic philosophy. The assessment is in two general parts, formal and substantive. Form assessment including assessment of alphabetical order, calligraphy, Farsi or Arabic terms; And the substantive evaluation includes the evaluation of the introduction, the geometric structure of science and its previous semantic relations. In some cases, the problems are caused by a mistake in the understanding of philosophical concepts or the confusion of the philosophical systems of enlightenment, walk, and transcendental wisdom, and in some cases, they are caused by not using the rules of thesaurus correctly. The aforementioned thesaurus has problems both in the introduction section, in the presentation of the geometrical structure of the science of philosophy and previous semantic relationships, and in observing the formal rules of thesaurus writing, some of which have been addressed in this article and need to be resolved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Beijing in this reporting period moderated often shrill rhetoric of the past two years criticizing Joseph Biden administration advances and regional governments cooperating with the US. Emphasizing China's positive contributions to regional economic growth, Beijing stressed its flexibility, said to be different from Washington in not pressing regional states to choose between the US and China, even as it demonstrated ambitions to develop a new regional and global order favorable to itself. Nevertheless, glaring exceptions included egregious pressures to compel deference to China's claims in the South China Sea, harsh criticism of the Philippines and Japan cooperating closely with the United States, as well as authoritative foreign policy statements giving regional governments little choice between two paths forward: cooperation with an avowedly beneficial China or America's purported exploitative, divisive and destructive initiatives. Regarding the Philippines, an unprecedented show of support by the US for the territorial claims of its treaty ally resulted in an equally unprecedented pushback from Beijing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Araucaria is the property of Araucaria-Revista Iberoamericana de Filosofia, Politica y Humanidades and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The article informs about the revival efforts of Aristophanes' lost comedy, emphasizing the challenges faced due to the absence of original manuscripts. Topics include the persistence of Jeffrey Henderson in collecting scattered fragments, the subsequent attempt at reconstruction by a modern writer, and the critical reception of the resulting pastiche infused with contemporary elements.

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Objectives: This study investigated changes in the health behaviors of the elderly due to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), concerns due to COVID-19, depression, and healthrelated quality of life (HRQOL), and aimed to identify factors that affect depression and HRQOL in the elderly. Methods: This study was conducted using data from the 2021 Community Health Survey of the Korea Disease Control and Prevention Agency. From a total sample size of 229,242 individuals, 74,376 elderly people aged 65 or older were selected as subjects, and changes in health behaviors, concerns due to COVID-19, depression, and HRQOL were measured and analyzed. Results: The level of depression associated with sleep and fatigue was high. The lowest HRQOL was related to physical pain and discomfort, while the most common concerns were related to economic difficulties. Factors influencing depression included worries about infection and economic harm, while factors impacting HRQOL encompassed concerns about infection, economic harm, and criticism from others. Conclusion: If an infectious disease situation such as COVID-19 reoccurs in the future, it will be necessary to encourage participation in hybrid online and offline programs at senior welfare centers. This should also extend to community counseling institutions like mental health welfare centers. Additionally, establishing connections with stable senior job projects can help to mitigate the effects of social interaction restrictions, physical and psychological health issues, and economic difficulties experienced by the elderly. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Soziologische Revue is the property of De Gruyter and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Logical form and logical analysis as the search for it have been introduced during the development of logic and analytical philosophy and are still widely considered as key tools or methods for the solution of philosophical puzzles. It is instructive to have a look at a criticism of these presupositions and I present Wittgenstein as the author who provides such a criticism. I present a development of his view of logical form which went from the thesis of the ineffability of logical form to the denial of the meaningfulness of the notion of logical form as such. This refusal is linked to Wittgenstein’s abandonment of the idea of the language of pure experience. The method of philosophical therapies is presented as an alternative to logical analysis and this methodology is linked with Wittgenstein’s consideration of game and family resemblance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Based on the context of the political, economic, cultural, and technological environment of modern Chinese society, this study adopts the approach of critical discourse analysis to elucidate the social meanings produced by the design criticism texts in the Nanyang Industrial Exposition and the dialectical relationship between the texts and the social structure. Based on an analysis of 66 articles on design criticism and 70 articles on social context published between 1908 and 1930, three main points are proposed in this study. First, critics should discuss design in a broader social context to relate the design to production, consumption, and people's everyday lives. Second, any public area that encourages 'conversation' can serve as a platform for design criticism. Third, critical writing should not be limited by genre, as it should be presented to readers in any form that provokes thought. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Political "attacks" on the judiciary are a well-known threat to constitutional democracy. Criticism of the judiciary by politicians is often said to constitute one form of attack when it is unfair in the sense that it is not relevant to the judiciary's constitutional role and/or not respectful. Unfair criticism is frequently claimed to be unacceptable on the basis that it threatens judicial independence and impartiality and, therefore, the rule of law. The Article critically interrogates this claim, arguing that unfair criticism can have value as a form of public accountability of the judiciary. It can hold the judiciary to account for aspects of its decision making that should be subject to scrutiny and that other accountability mechanisms, such as the appeals procedure and the lawmaking process, do not. In particular, it is apt to hold the judiciary to account for the diffuse societal effects, values, and principles of its decision making. As a result, the justifiability of unfair criticism is contestable and context specific because it involves taking into consideration both its potential value and its potential threat. The Article evaluates the subject by drawing on the experiences with unfair criticism of the judiciary by members of the executive and legislature in Australia and the United Kingdom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As worldwide life expectancy increases, the Swedish Ambulance Service is likely to be affected by the demographic shift towards a larger proportion of older persons. An older population tends to increase the demand for ambulances, indicating a need to illuminate older patients' perspective. Thus, the aim of this study was to explore older patients' perceptions of the Swedish Ambulance Service. This interview study employed a descriptive qualitative design with a phenomenographic approach in accordance with Dahlgren and Fallsberg. Three main descriptive categories emerged to describe the underlying conceptions in the interviews; A double-edged encounter, Trust is created by perceived competence , and Safety through accessibility in vulnerable situations. Older patients described trust in ambulance clinicians as a prerequisite for feeling safe enough to share their feelings and allow a bodily examination. However, they also criticized the care provided because they questioned the need for certain actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Professor Abdul Haq is a leading researcher in India. Not only in India but his books are used as reference material in Pakistan also. His research work and critique are considered an authority as he has written a number of books on Urdu and Iqbaliyat, thus opening several avenues of research and criticism. In the field of Iqbaliyat, he was the first who got his doctorate degree in India. The scope of his research and criticism is epic due to his profound study of Iqbal's thought which ultimately took Iqbaliyat to a new level. This paper highlights his efforts as well as his journey of criticism. As a critic, Professor Abdul Haq has quoted many experts. This article is also an indication of his critical point of view. Apart from many other facets of his work, he translated and augmented Iqbal's diary. This article also encompasses his translated books, and brings in focus his literary services through his publications. He contribution towards Urdu language and literature is acknowledged far and wide. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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