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Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Les papillomavirus humains responsables du cancer du col de l'utérus ont été identifiés au début des années 1980. Le rôle causal de certains de ces virus a été confirmé par plusieurs études épidémiologiques, et au début des années 1990 des vaccins constitués de la protéine majeure de la capside virale ont montré leur efficacité dans des modèles animaux de papillomavirus. Ces résultats ont rendu possible le développement de vaccins contre le cancer du col de l'utérus et d'autres cancers induits par les papillomavirus génitaux. Cette revue présente les données récentes concernant l'efficacité des vaccins contre les papillomavirus. Les premiers résultats obtenus lors de grandes études randomisées ont conduit, à partir de 2006, à la commercialisation de quatre vaccins. Depuis, de nombreuses études ont confirmé la très grande innocuité et la remarquable efficacité de ces vaccins contre les lésions pré-cancéreuses associées aux différents cancers induits par les papillomavirus. Même si les vaccins contre les papillomavirus se sont montrés très efficaces et d'une grande sûreté, l'extension de la vaccination contre les papillomavirus se heurte à l'hésitation de la population et à la désinformation concernant son innocuité conduisant dans certains pays, dont la France, à une couverture vaccinale très insuffisante. Plus récemment, l'efficacité de la vaccination contre les papillomavirus génitaux dans la prévention du cancer du col de l'utérus a été démontrée en Suède et au Royaume-Uni. The human papillomaviruses associated with cervical cancer were identified in the early 1980s. Epidemiological confirmation of their causal role, and finally the demonstration in the early 1990s that the major capsid protein, self-assembled in virus-like particles, provides protection against infection in papillomavirus animal models, have made possible the development of vaccines against cervical cancer as other HPV-associated cancers. In this article, we review the knowledge concerning HPV vaccines and vaccination including the last development. The efficacy of vaccines against human genital papillomavirus has been demonstrated in large randomized trials, and the safety and efficacy results obtained led, between 2006 and 2020, to the marketing of four vaccines. Numerous studies have since confirmed the very high safety and remarkable effectiveness of these vaccines in the prevention of pre-cancerous lesions associated with the various cancers induced by papillomaviruses. Although human papillomavirus vaccines are very effective and very safe vaccines, the extension of the vaccination against papillomaviruses comes up against the hesitation of the population and misinformation concerning its safety leading in some countries, including France, to highly insufficient vaccination coverage. Recently, the effectiveness of national vaccination programs against cervical cancer has been reported in Sweden and the United Kingdom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

L'infection par le virus du papillome humain (HPV), transmise par voie sexuelle, peut entraîner des condylomes mais elle est également impliquée dans la très grande majorité des cancers du col de l'utérus. La stratégie globale de prévention repose sur la vaccination anti-HPV et le dépistage. Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection, transmitted sexually, can cause condylomas but is also involved in the vast majority of cervical cancers. The overall prevention strategy is based on HPV vaccination and screening. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Les papillomavirus humains (HPV) sont des pathogènes cutanéo-muqueux fréquents, à l'origine de lésions bénignes et malignes, telles que des condylomes anogénitaux et des cancers du col de l'utérus. Ces deux dernières années ont été marquées par d'importantes avancées dans la prévention des pathologies induites par les HPV avec, en particulier, l'introduction de la recommandation vaccinale pour les jeunes garçons et la recherche du génome viral des HPV à haut risque en première ligne du dépistage des cancers du col de l'utérus chez les femmes âgées de 30 à 65 ans. Human papillomaviruses (HPV) are common mucocutaneous pathogens that cause benign and malignant lesions such as anogenital condyloma and cervical cancer. The last two years have seen important advances in the prevention of HPV-induced pathologies with, in particular, the introduction of the vaccine recommendation for young boys and the search for the viral genome of high-risk HPVs in the first line of screening for cervical cancers in women aged 30 to 65 years. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Résumé Le dépistage du cancer du col utérin, basé sur le frottis cervico-vaginal, a été mis en place dans les années 60 dans la plupart des pays développés, permettant une diminution spectaculaire du nombre de cancers. Cependant ce dépistage, proposé en France aux femmes de 25 à 65 ans, ne couvre pas la totalité de la population cible puisque 40 % environ des femmes y échappe dans notre pays. Une alternative pour augmenter la couverture du dépistage est de proposer aux femmes un auto-prélèvement, vaginal ou urinaire, puis un test de détection des papillomavirus humains (HPV). De nombreuses publications ont montré que cette approche présentait une bonne sensibilité et bonne spécificité comparée au frottis pour la détection des lésions histologiques de haut grade. Plusieurs facteurs doivent être validés avant la mise en place à grande échelle de l’auto-prélèvement : le type de dispositif utilisé, la technique de détection des HPV, les modalités de mise à disposition et de retour des dispositifs, l’information des femmes, la prise en charge des femmes avec test HPV positif et, comme pour tout dépistage, le coût/bénéfice de l’approche choisie. Plusieurs études sur l’auto-prélèvement ont été faites en France ces dernières années et cette approche sera certainement intégrée au dépistage organisé du cancer du col utérin prévu dès 2018 pour améliorer l’efficacité de ce dépistage. Self-collection for HPV testing: a new strategy to improve cervical screening coverage? In many developed countries, implementation of cervical cancer screening programs in the sixties based on cervical cytology (Pap-smear) led to a dramatic decrease in the incidence of cervical cancer. However, a significant proportion of women (40% in France) do not attend to regular cervical cancer screening. Self-collection (vaginal or based on urine sample) for HPV DNA testing is a promising approach to increase the coverage of screening. Numerous publications have validated this approach showing high sensitivity and specificity as compared to cervical cytology for the detection of high grade cervical lesions. Some pre-requisite must be validated before implementing self-collection as large scale programs, such as the collection device for self-sampling, the HPV detecting test, the scenario of invitation and kit return, the information delivered, the follow-up of women with positive HPV test and the cost/benefit of the selected strategy. Several programs based on self-collection with HPV testing have been described in France showing promising results. This approach will certainly be part of the future national program of cervical cancer screening, which will be starting in France in 2018. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of African Journal of Reproductive Health is the property of Women's Health & Action Research Centre and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Clio. Femmes, Genre, Histoire is the property of Belin Editeur and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Anthropologica is the property of CASCA and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)