161 results on '"Cao, Xi"'
Search Results
2. Profiles of work ability and associated factors in young and middle-aged acute myocardial infarction patients: A latent profile analysis.
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Qiao, Shuqian, Wang, Wei, Chen, Xinyi, and Cao, Xi
- Abstract
• Three profiles of work ability, in terms of low work ability group, moderate work ability group, and high work ability group, were identified among young and middle-aged acute myocardial infarction patients. • Majority of the participants showed low (28.4 %) to moderate (51 %) work ability post AMI event, with physical function being the predominant decreased domain. • Patients with low per capita monthly household income, normal total cholesterol levels, excessive social support, and a low degree of self-efficacy for returning to work were more likely to have lower work ability; whereas moderate per capita monthly household income, NYHA functional class Ⅰ, and a longer length of hospital stay were associated with better work ability. The incidence of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) is increasing among young and middle-aged people, and such patients need to be reemployed after AMI events from the individual and society perspectives. However, the situation of employment after AMI was not ideal. Early identification of patients vulnerable to decreased work ability and provided targeted intervention may be beneficial. To identify the profiles and associated factors of work ability in young and middle-aged AMI patients. A cross-sectional study was conducted in Guangzhou, China, from September 2022 to October 2023. Work ability, self-efficacy for return-to-work, social support, anxiety, and depression were measured by the Work-ability Support Scale (WSS), Return-To-Work Self-Efficacy Questionnaire, Social Support Rating Scale, 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale, and Patient Health Questionnaire 9, respectively. We performed latent profile analysis based on three subdomains of the WSS by using Mplus 8.3. Multiple logistic regression was used to identify factors associated with work ability. A total of 155 participants (aged 48.58±7.153 years, 95.5 % male) were included. We identified three latent profiles of work ability: low work ability (28.1 %), moderate work ability (51 %), and high work ability (20.6 %). The per capita monthly household income, NYHA functional class, total cholesterol, length of hospital stay, social support, and self-efficacy for return-to-work were factors associated with work ability. This study demonstrated different profiles and associated factors of work ability in young and middle-aged AMI patients. It is suggested that healthcare providers identify and monitor associated factors to improve work ability among this subpopulation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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3. Adipocyte-targeted delivery of rosiglitazone with localized photothermal therapy for the treatment of diet-induced obesity in mice.
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Zhang, Yunxiao, Luo, Maoqi, Jia, Yaxin, Gao, Tingting, Deng, Li, Gong, Tao, Zhang, Zhirong, Cao, Xi, and Fu, Yao
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ADIPOSE tissues ,WHITE adipose tissue ,BROWN adipose tissue ,OBESITY ,FATTY liver ,UNCOUPLING proteins ,INSULIN ,FAT - Abstract
Obesity represents a growing public health concern and is closely associated with metabolic complications such as diabetes and fatty liver disease. Anti-obesity medications currently available have limited efficacy in weight loss and are often accompanied by adverse effects. This study proposes a localized photothermal therapy (PTT) combined with adipocyte-targeted delivery of rosiglitazone (RSG) to address obesity. Specifically, cationic albumin nanoparticles (cNPs) were synthesized to deliver RSG precisely to white adipocytes, stimulating the browning process. An IR780-loaded thermosensitive hydrogel was injected and allowed to gel in situ to afford a subcutaneous reservoir that enables localized PTT and controlled release of RSG cNPs. Notably, cNPs significantly enhanced the internalization efficiency in adipocytes in vitro and prolonged the therapeutic retention in the adipose tissue in vivo. Co-administration of RSG cNPs and PTT substantially reduced fat content, induced browning in white adipose tissue in diet-induced obese mice, and mitigated complications such as insulin resistance, fatty liver, and hyperlipidemia. The increased expression of uncoupling protein 1 contributes to enhancing energy expenditure and facilitating adipose metabolism, thereby effectively combating obesity. This therapeutic approach integrates localized PTT with adipocyte-targeted delivery to combat the global obesity epidemic thus offering a promising solution with reduced systemic toxicity and enhanced efficacy. Cationic albumin nanoparticles are capable of efficient internalization in adipocytes, which may enhance drug targeting to adipose tissue. The combination of rosiglitazone-loaded cationic albumin nanoparticles and local hyperthermia effectively reduces lipid accumulation in adipocytes and induces an upregulated expression of uncoupling protein 1. The combination therapy effectively inhibits fat accumulation, induces adipocyte browning, and regulates systemic metabolism in diet-induced obese mice. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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4. Bio-inspired rigid-soft coupling gel polymer electrolyte for stable lithium batteries
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Zhou, Tianyi, Xu, Ruochen, Cao, Xi, Zhang, Jiangtao, Wang, Jiayun, Huang, Ruling, Ping, Xiaofan, Bai, Panxing, Sun, Zhouting, Liu, Mingyi, and Wang, Xiaolong
- Abstract
Gel polymer electrolytes (GPEs) are increasingly recognized for their potential to enhance lithium (Li)-ion batteries owing to their exceptional thermal stability and remarkable electrochemical performance. Despite these advantages, the practical application of traditional GPEs is hindered by their tendency to swell and their limited mechanical strength. To address these issues, this study introduces a bio-inspired rigid-soft coupling GPE comprising polyethylene oxide (PEO) and poly(vinylidene fluoride-co-hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP), reinforced with Kevlar fiber fabric fabricated using a simple solution-casting method. The resulting PEO/PVDF-HFP/Kevlar (PPK) GPE demonstrates excellent ionic conductivity of 2.815 mS cm−1and a Li-ion migration number of 0.571, alongside an ultra-high mechanical strength of 32.59 MPa. These features collectively contribute to the prevention of lithium dendrite growth and enhanced electrochemical performance of LiFePO4cells, leading to stable cycling performance. The deployment of PPK GPE can pave the way for significant advancements in high-performance Li-ion batteries for various practical applications.
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- 2024
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5. Polyoxometalates-derived ternary metal oxides electrocatalyst for N2reduction under ambient conditions
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Yang, Meng-Le, Jin, Zhong-Xin, Cao, Xi-Xian, Wang, Xin-Ming, Ma, Hui-Yuan, Pang, Hai-Jun, and Yang, Gui-Xin
- Abstract
Accelerating the breaking of the nitrogen nonpolar bond (N≡N) is an important factor to improve the efficiency of the electro-catalytic nitrogen reduction reaction (e-NRR). In this work, polyoxometalates-derived FeMo-based ternary oxide materials MoO2-Mo4O11-FeMoO4@X(abbreviated as MoFeO@X, Xrepresents the synthesis temperature of 650, 750 and 850 °C) were designed and synthesized for e-NRR under ambient conditions. The scanning electron microscopy images of MoFeO@750 show an ellipsoidal-like structure (0.86 × 0.6 μm). The relatively large specific surface area, formation of multiple interfaces, together with the synergistic effect of iron and molybdenum bimetals, would make MoFeO@Xcatalyst more easily absorb and activate N2in the e-NRR. Expectedly, the synthesized MoFeO@750 shows an optimal NH3production rate of 16.57 μg·h−1·mgcat.−1and Faradaic efficiency of 12.33% at − 0.3 V versus reversible hydrogen electrode (νs. RHE), with outstanding electrochemical and structural stability.
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- 2024
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6. Single-cell analysis reveals lysyl oxidase (Lox)+ fibroblast subset involved in cardiac fibrosis of diabetic mice.
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Li, Heyangzi, Zhu, Xiaoqing, Cao, Xi, Lu, Yicheng, Zhou, Jianwei, and Zhang, Xiaoming
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[Display omitted] • Single-cell RNA sequence analysis revealed the heterogeneity of fibroblast of hearts in diabetic mouse for the first time. • The number of cluster 4 fibroblasts were higher and we reveal the up-regulation of Lox in diabetic mouse group. • We validate that the up-regulation of Lox is associated with the decreased cardiac function, increased interstitial fibrosis, higher expression of HYP and the amounts of collagen in the DM group. • Upregulation of Lox might be involved in the development of diabetic myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction via activation of TGF-β1-Smad2/3 signaling pathway. • Inhibition of Lox could improve cardiac function and fibrosis, which may indicate a potential target for the treatment of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Myocardial fibrosis and cardiac dysfunction are the main characteristics of diabetic heart disease. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying diabetic myocardial fibrosis remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the heterogeneity of cardiac fibroblasts in diabetic mice and its possible mechanism in the development of diabetic myocardial fibrosis. We established a diabetic mouse model by injecting mice with streptozotocin. The overall cell profiles in diabetic hearts were analyzed using single-cell RNA transcriptomic techniques. Cardiac function was evaluated by echocardiography. Cardiac fibrosis was assessed by Masson's trichrome and Sirius red staining. Protein expression was analyzed using Western blotting and immunofluorescence staining. A total of 11,585 cells were captured in control (Ctrl) and diabetic (DM) hearts. Twelve cell types were identified in this study. The number of fibroblasts was significantly higher in the DM hearts than in the Ctrl group. The fibroblasts were further re-clustered into nine subsets. Interestingly, cluster 4 fibroblasts were significantly increased in diabetic hearts compared with other fibroblast clusters. Lysyl oxidase (Lox) was highly expressed in DM fibroblasts (especially in cluster 4). Beta-aminopropionitrile, a Lox inhibitor, inhibited collagen expression and alleviated cardiac dysfunction in the diabetic group. Lysyl oxidase inhibition also reduced high glucose-induced collagen protein upregulation in primary fibroblasts. Moreover, a TGF-β receptor inhibitor not only prevented an increase in Lox and Col I but also inhibited the phosphorylation of Smad2/3 in fibroblasts. This study revealed the heterogeneity of cardiac fibroblasts in diabetic mice for the first time. Fibroblasts with high expression of Lox (cluster 4 fibroblasts) were identified to play a crucial role in fibrosis in diabetic heart disease. The findings of this study may provide a possible therapeutic target for interstitial fibrosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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7. Determination of the Lower Limit of Physical Properties of Tight Oil Reservoirs: A Case Study of the Lower Es3 in the Jiangjiadian Area, Linnan Sag.
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Han, Changcheng, Qi, Ming, Ma, Cunfei, Zhao, Lanquan, Lei, Liqing, Kong, Weiteng, Li, Zhipeng, Li, Jian, Lv, Ning, and Cao, Xi
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- 2023
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8. A Resonant Switched-Capacitor Converter for Neutral-Point Voltage Balancing of Three-Level Inverters
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Guo, Wenhu, Yang, Jiatao, Li, Rui, Liu, Mingyi, and Cao, Xi
- Abstract
Neutral-point voltage unbalancing is a common problem in three-level inverters. The original neutral-point voltage balancing circuit is the buck–boost converter. Since the inductor carries low frequency components, the power density is limited. At the same time, the efficiency is low because the soft switching cannot be realized. In this article, a neutral-point voltage balance circuit based on resonant switched-capacitor converter (RSCC) is proposed. The proposed converter uses a series resonant inductor and resonant capacitor to transfer the unbalanced energy between two dc-link capacitors. Based on phase shift modulation, the RSCC circuit controls the output current to compensate the neutral-point current of the inverter to achieve the suppression of neutral-point voltage ripple. To achieve the minimum loss, a step-by-step optimal design is presented and the optimal switching frequency, resonant inductance, and resonant capacitance can be derived. The proposed circuit has the advantages that all switches of RSCC can realize the zero voltage switching, and the magnetic volume can be greatly reduced because only high frequency components flow through the inductor. A 400 V-10 A prototype of RSCC and the inverter is built, and main experimental results are provided to verify the time-domain analysis and the effectiveness of the proposed RSCC voltage balance circuit.
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- 2023
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9. Reliability and validity of the Tinetti performance oriented mobility assessment in Chinese community-dwelling older adults.
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Yang, Chen, Mo, Yihan, Cao, Xi, Zhu, Song, Wang, Xiuhua, and Wang, Xiaoqing
- Abstract
• An identification of impaired mobility contributes to the detection of risks of falls and early referral for physical therapy. • The POMA is a reliable and valid measurement to be used in fall risk assessment among Chinese community-dwelling older adults. • The POMA has a very high ceiling effect in older adults without functional disabilities, which limits its use in community-dwelling older adults. The Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA) has been used for assessing mobility limitations and predicting falling risk among older adults. This study aimed to evaluate the reliability and validity of the POMA in Chinese community-dwelling older adults. We used data from a cross-sectional study in which a sample of 627 older adults completed the POMA. Reliability was tested using internal consistencies and test-retest reliability analyses, while validity was assessed using confirmatory factor analysis and known-group approach. Floor and ceiling effects were also tested. The POMA and its two subscales had good internal consistency reliability and interrater reliability. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated the POMA had a two-factor structure. The POMA and its subscales exhibited moderate-to-good discriminant validity. A high ceiling effect was detected. The POMA had satisfactory reliability and validity among Chinese older adults. Nevertheless, a high ceiling effect may limit its use in community settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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10. Predictors of participation in atrial fibrillation screening among community residents in China.
- Author
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Gu, Haiyue, Huang, Jun, Qiao, Shuqian, Chen, Xinyi, and Cao, Xi
- Abstract
• Most participants (77.4%) reported a willingness to participate in AF screening. • Participants demonstrated poor knowledge of the consequences, treatment, and symptoms of AF, whereas they generally held positive attitudes toward AF screening. • Participants were more likely to participate in AF screening when they perceived great control over the behavior, held a positive attitude toward screening, and had an AF diagnosis. Atrial fibrillation (AF) is associated with increased stroke risk, but many cases of AF remain undiagnosed. Screening is suggested for early detection of AF. However, nonparticipation in screening is frequently reported, and the underlying causes of why patients choose to participate or not are poorly understood. To explore factors associated with participation in AF screening in a high-risk population in China. A cross-sectional study was conducted among community residents who were at risk for AF in Guangzhou, China, from February to September 2022. Data on AF knowledge, attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and willingness to participate in AF screening were collected. Sociodemographic and clinical data were also collected. Multiple linear stepwise regression analysis was performed to explore predictors for participation in AF screening. In total, 420 participants were included, with a mean age of 74.4 (±7.43) years old. The results showed that 77.4% of participants reported that they were likely to participate in AF screening. The results of multiple linear regression showed that perceived behavioral control (β =0.591, 95% CI: 0.071, 0.094), attitude (β =0.085, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.025), and having an AF diagnosis (β =0.098, 95% CI: 0.068, 0.494) were positively associated with willingness to participate in AF screening. Chinese patients are more likely to participate in AF screening when they perceive great control over their behavior, hold a positive attitude, and have an AF diagnosis. The findings provide clues for future interventions aimed at improving the AF screening participation rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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11. Thermal Runaway Characteristics of LFP Batteries by Immersion Cooling.
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Bai, Panxing, Xu, Ruochen, Liu, Mingyi, Jia, Zhiquan, Sun, Zhouting, Wang, Jiayun, Zhang, Jiangtao, Pei, Jie, Zhang, Qi, Wang, Jianxing, Cao, Chuanzhao, Cao, Xi, Yang, Yinting, and Zhang, Jianfu
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- 2023
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12. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis reveals the relationship of bone marrow and osteopenia in STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice.
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Zhong, Jinjie, Mao, Xingjia, Li, Heyangzi, Shen, Gerong, Cao, Xi, He, Ning, Wang, Jingyu, Xu, Lintao, Chen, Jun, Song, Xinghui, Liu, Shuangshuang, Zhang, Xiaoming, Shen, Yueliang, Wang, Lin-lin, Xiang, Chuan, and Chen, Ying-ying
- Abstract
[Display omitted] • scRNA-seq analysis reveals the profiles of bone marrow cells in STZ-induced T1D mice. • scRNA-seq analysis reveals the heterogeneity of bone marrow immune cells in STZ-induced T1D mice. • The ratio of BM-neutrophils to B lymphocytes is increased in the bone marrow of STZ-induced T1D mice. • Osteopenia is occurred in STZ-induced T1D mice. • This increased ratio is negatively correlated with osteopenia in STZ-induced T1D mice. Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a multifactorial autoimmune disease. Broad knowledge about the genetics, epidemiology and clinical management of T1D has been achieved, but understandings about the cell varieties in the bone marrow during T1D remain limited. We aimed to present a profile of the bone marrow cells and reveal the relationship of bone marrow and osteopenia in streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T1D mice. The whole bone marrow cells from the femurs and tibias of healthy (group C) and STZ-induced T1D mice (group D) were collected for single-cell RNA sequencing analysis. Single-cell flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry were performed to confirm the proportional changes among bone marrow neutrophils (BM-neutrophils) (Cxcr2
+ , Ly6g+ ) and B lymphocytes (Cd19+ ). X-ray and micro-CT were performed to detect bone mineral density. The correlation between the ratio of BM-neutrophils/B lymphocytes and osteopenia in STZ-induced T1D mice was analyzed by nonparametric Spearman correlation analysis. The bone marrow cells in groups C and D were divided into 12 clusters, and 249 differentially expressed genes were found. The diversity of CD45+ immune cells between groups C and D were greatly affected: the proportion of BM-neutrophils showed a significant increase while the proportion of B lymphocytes in group D showed a significant decrease. X-ray and micro-CT analyses confirmed that osteopenia occurred in group D mice. In addition, the results of single-cell flow cytometry and correlation analysis showed that the ratio of BM-neutrophils/B lymphocytes negatively correlated with osteopenia in STZ-induced T1D mice. A single-cell RNA sequencing analysis revealed the profile and heterogeneity of bone marrow immune cells in STZ-induced T1D mice for the first time. The ratio of BM-neutrophils/B lymphocytes negatively correlated with osteopenia in STZ-induced T1D mice, which may enhance understanding for treating T1D and preventing T1D-induced osteopenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2022
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13. Evidence-based assessment of acupuncture skills using a newly developed simulation-based test.
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XIE, Su-jun, WANG, Zheng, ZHOU, Ying-fang, KONGE, Lars, WAN, Lai-siqi, CAO, Xi-jun, WAN, Xing, HU, Yun, FANG, Fang, HUANG, Kang-bai, ZHANG, Liang, and ZHUANG, Xun
- Abstract
Acupuncture is an efficient treatment modality for many different training, but the technique can be challenging to master. Identification of the different acupuncture points can now be practiced in a standardized and patient-safe simulation-based environment. We aim to gather additional evidence regarding simulation-based training of acupuncture skills and hope that the simulation-based test developed and will be used for simulation-based mastery learning in future develop. The aim of this study was to develop a test of acupuncture skills using the TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine) Meridians & Acupoints Anatomy Teaching Platform and gather validity evidence using Messick's framework. Novice medical students without prior experience in acupuncture (n = 43), intermediate medical students who had finished the mandatory acupuncture course (n = 24), and skilled acupuncture doctors (n = 17) were included in the study. One-hundred and seven acupuncture points were presented to the participants in identical randomized order and they were asked to identify each point by touching the correct anatomical location on the simulator. The simulator automatically registered the accuracy of participants' answers. The reliability of the final test (66 acupuncture points) was at a high level with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.98 and only 16 acupuncture points were needed to ensure a reliability of 0.90. The test could discriminate significantly between all three groups and a credible pass/fail-score of 34 points was determined which resulted in eight out of 43 (19%) novices passing the test and only two out of 17 (12%) experienced failing the test. These consequences were statistically significant (P < 0.001). Based on Messick's framework we demonstrated strong validity evidence for a newly developed simulation-based test of acupuncture points localization skills. The test can be used as an aid to decide when trainees are ready to progress to more advanced training and clinical practice. Compared with the traditional point-point test, the point-point evaluation of the simulator can be more objective and reduce the effort of teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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14. Evidence-based assessment of acupuncture skills using a newly developed simulation-based test
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XIE, Su-jun, WANG, Zheng, ZHOU, Ying-fang, KONGE, Lars, WAN, Lai-siqi, CAO, Xi-jun, WAN, Xing, HU, Yun, FANG, Fang, HUANG, Kang-bai, ZHANG, Liang, and ZHUANG, Xun
- Abstract
Acupuncture is an efficient treatment modality for many different training, but the technique can be challenging to master. Identification of the different acupuncture points can now be practiced in a standardized and patient-safe simulation-based environment. We aim to gather additional evidence regarding simulation-based training of acupuncture skills and hope that the simulation-based test developed and will be used for simulation-based mastery learning in future develop.
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- 2022
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15. Feasibility study of the photonuclear reaction cross section of medical radioisotopes using a laser Compton scattering gamma source
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Gu, Yu-Ning, Zhao, Wei-Juan, Cao, Xi-Guang, Yang, Yu-Xuan, Ma, Ting-Kai, Liao, Zheng-Li, Xu, Fei-Long, and Ma, Yu-Gang
- Abstract
In recent years, the gap between the supply and demand of medical radioisotopes has increased, necessitating new methods for producing medical radioisotopes. Photonuclear reactions based on gamma sources have unique advantages in terms of producing high specific activity and innovative medical radioisotopes. However, the lack of experimental data on reaction cross sections for photonuclear reactions of medical radioisotopes of interest has severely limited the development and production of photonuclear transmutation medical radioisotopes. In this study, the entire process of the generation, decay, and measurement of medical radioisotopes was simulated using online gamma activation and offline gamma measurements combined with a shielding gamma-ray spectrometer. Based on a quasi-monochromatic gamma beam from the Shanghai Laser Electron Gamma Source (SLEGS), the feasibility of this measurement of production cross section for surveyed medical radioisotopes was simulated, and specific solutions for measuring medical radioisotopes with ultra-low production cross sections were provided. The feasibility of this method for high-precision measurements of the reaction cross section of medical radioisotopes was demonstrated.
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- 2024
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16. Design and construction of charged-particle telescope array for study of exotic nuclear clustering structure
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Liao, Zheng-Li, Cao, Xi-Guang, Yang, Yu-Xuan, Fu, Chang-Bo, and Deng, Xian-Gai
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The exploration of exotic shapes and properties of atomic nuclei, e.g., αcluster and toroidal shape, is a fascinating field in nuclear physics. To study the decay of these nuclei, a novel detector aimed at detecting multiple α-particle events was designed and constructed. The detector comprises two layers of double-sided silicon strip detectors (DSSD) and a cesium iodide scintillator array coupled with silicon photomultipliers array as light sensors, which has the advantages of their small size, fast response, and large dynamic range. DSSDs coupled with cesium iodide crystal arrays are used to distinguish multiple αhits. The detector array has a compact and integrated design that can be adapted to different experimental conditions. The detector array was simulated using Geant4, and the excitation energy spectra of some α-clustering nuclei were reconstructed to demonstrate the performance. The simulation results show that the detector array has excellent angular and energy resolutions, enabling effective reconstruction of the nuclear excited state by multiple αparticle events. This detector offers a new and powerful tool for nuclear physics experiments and has the potential to discover interesting physical phenomena related to exotic nuclear structures and their decay mechanisms.
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- 2024
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17. Comparative analysis of DHA positional distribution and triacylglycerol molecular species in algal oil (Schizochytrium sp.) from different oil processing.
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Shen, Lingzhi, Li, Feng, Jiang, Chenyu, Cao, Xi, Jin, Jun, Wang, Xingguo, and Wei, Wei
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LIPASES ,DOCOSAHEXAENOIC acid ,UNSATURATED fatty acids ,PETROLEUM ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
This study aims to analysis the content and positional distribution of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) in algal oils (Schizochytrium sp.) using both Candida antarctica Lipase B (CAL -B)-catalyzed-transesterification combined with GC and
13 C NMR. The triacylglycerol (TAG) molecular species in algal oils were also identified and quantified using LC-MS. The algal oils were from 3 kinds of oil processing including crude oil (CAO), liquid phase and solid phase oils from fractionation (LAO and SAO) as well as re-esterified triacylglycerol (rTAG). Algal oils contain 55%–97% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and 45%–80% DHA of the total oil; and DHA dominantly esterified at sn -2 position of glycerol backbone with the ratio of sn -2 DHA to total DHA ranged from 32% to 48%. A total of 42 TAGs were identified including 27 TAGs contained DHA, of which the 22:6/22:6/22:5 and 22:6/22:6/22:6 were the predominant species. The lipids containing DHA of algal oils are influenced by the fractionation processing. Compared with physical modified algal oils, rTAG has high DHA content (∼80%, P < 0.05) but lower sn -2 DHA relative content (∼32%, P < 0.05). This study provides an effective analysis scheme for high-PUFA-oils which will be used to develop novel functional oils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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18. Selective CO2Electroreduction to Multi-Carbon Products on Organic-Functionalized CuO Nanoparticles by Local Micro-Environment Modulation
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Ren, Shan, Cao, Xi, Fan, Qikui, Yang, Zhimao, Wang, Fei, Wang, Xin, Bai, Licheng, and Yang, Jian
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Developing surface-functionalized catalysts with exceptional activity and selectivity for the electrocatalytic CO2RR to C2+products under neutral electrolyte.A remarkable C2+FE of nearly 90% at an unprecedented current density of 300 mA cm−2and maintain high FE (> 80%) at the wide current density performance (100–600 mA cm−2) in neutral environments using a flow cell as well as MEA electrolyzer.Mechanical study reveals that reducing the coverage of coordinated K·H2O water increased the probability of intermediate reactants (CO) interacting with the surface, thereby promoting efficient C–C coupling and enhancing the yield of C2+products.
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- 2024
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19. Comparative analysis of DHA positional distribution and triacylglycerol molecular species in algal oil (Schizochytriumsp.) from different oil processing
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Shen, Lingzhi, Li, Feng, Jiang, Chenyu, Cao, Xi, Jin, Jun, Wang, Xingguo, and Wei, Wei
- Abstract
This study aims to analysis the content and positional distribution of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, 22:6 n-3) in algal oils (Schizochytriumsp.) using both Candida antarcticaLipase B (CAL-B)-catalyzed-transesterification combined with GC and 13C NMR. The triacylglycerol (TAG) molecular species in algal oils were also identified and quantified using LC-MS. The algal oils were from 3 kinds of oil processing including crude oil (CAO), liquid phase and solid phase oils from fractionation (LAO and SAO) as well as re-esterified triacylglycerol (rTAG). Algal oils contain 55%–97% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and 45%–80% DHA of the total oil; and DHA dominantly esterified at sn-2 position of glycerol backbone with the ratio of sn-2 DHA to total DHA ranged from 32% to 48%. A total of 42 TAGs were identified including 27 TAGs contained DHA, of which the 22:6/22:6/22:5 and 22:6/22:6/22:6 were the predominant species. The lipids containing DHA of algal oils are influenced by the fractionation processing. Compared with physical modified algal oils, rTAG has high DHA content (∼80%, P < 0.05) but lower sn-2 DHA relative content (∼32%, P < 0.05). This study provides an effective analysis scheme for high-PUFA-oils which will be used to develop novel functional oils.
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- 2024
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20. Methylation of GPRC5A promotes liver metastasis and docetaxel resistance through activating mTOR signaling pathway in triple negative breast cancer.
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Ou, Xueqi, Tan, Yeru, Xie, Jindong, Yuan, Jingping, Deng, Xinpei, Shao, Ruonan, Song, Cailu, Cao, Xi, Xie, Xiaoming, He, Rongfang, Li, Yuehua, and Tang, Hailin
- Abstract
This study aims to explore the function and mechanism of G Protein-coupled receptor class C group 5 member A (GPRC5A) in docetaxel-resistance and liver metastasis of breast cancer. Single-cell RNA transcriptomic analysis and bioinformatic analysis are used to screen relevant genes in breast cancer metastatic hepatic specimens. MeRIP, dual-luciferase analysis and bioinformation were used to detect m6A modulation. Mass spectrometry (MS), co-inmunoprecipitation (co-IP) and immunofluorescence colocalization were executed to explore the mechanism of GPRC5A in breast cancer cells. GPRC5A was upregulated in triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) and was associated with a poor prognosis. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that knockdown of GPRC5A alleviated metastasis and resistance to docetaxel in TNBC. Overexpression of GPRC5A had the opposite effects. The m6A methylation of GPRC5A mRNA was modulated by METTL3 and YTHDF1, which facilitates its translation. GPRC5A inhibited the ubiquitination-dependent degradation of LAMTOR1, resulting in the recruitment of mTORC1 to lysosomes and activating the mTORC1/p70s6k signaling pathway. METTL3/YTHDF1 axis up-regulates GPRC5A expression by m6A methylation. GPRC5A activates mTORC1/p70s6k signaling pathway by recruiting mTORC1 to lysosomes, consequently promotes docetaxel-resistance and liver metastasis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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21. Interactive effect of shade and PEG-induced osmotic stress on physiological responses of soybean seedlings
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Muhammad, Ahsan ASGHAR, JIANG, Heng-ke, SHUI, Zhao-wei, CAO, Xi-yu, HUANG, Xi-yu, IMRAN, Shakeel, AHMAD, Bushra, ZHANG, Hao, YANG, Yue-ning, SHANG, Jing, YANG, Hui, YU, Liang, LIU, Chun-yan, YANG, Wen-yu, SUN, Xin, and DU, Jun-bo
- Abstract
Intensively farmed crops used to experience numerous environmental stresses. Among these, shade and drought significantly influence the morpho-physiological and biochemical attributes of plants. However, the interactive effect of shade and drought on the growth and development of soybean under dense cropping systems has not been reported yet. This study investigated the interactive effect of PEG-induced osmotic stress and shade on soybean seedlings. The soybean cultivar viz., C-103 was subjected to PEG-induced osmotic stress from polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG-6000) under shading and non-shading conditions. PEG-induced osmotic stress significantly reduced the relative water contents, morphological parameters, carbohydrates and chlorophyll contents under both light environments. A significant increase was observed in osmoprotectants, reactive oxygen species and antioxidant enzymes in soybean seedlings. Henceforth, the findings revealed that, seedlings grown under non-shading conditions produced more malondialdehyde and hydrogen peroxide contents as compared to the shade-treated plants when subjected to PEG-induced osmotic stress. Likewise, the shaded plants accumulated more sugars and proline than non-shaded ones under drought stress. Moreover, it was found that non-shaded grown plants were more sensitive to PEG-induced osmotic stress than those exposed to shading conditions, which suggested that shade could boost the protective mechanisms against osmotic stress or at least would not exaggerate the adverse effects of PEG-induced osmotic stress in soybean seedlings.
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- 2021
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22. Inflammatory markers in Alzheimer's disease and mild cognitive impairment: A meta‐analysis and systematic review of 170 studies: Biomarkers (non‐neuroimaging) / plasma/serum/urine biomarkers.
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Shen, Xue‐Ning, Niu, Li‐Dong, Wang, Yanjiang, Cao, Xi‐Peng, Liu, Qiang, Tan, Lan, Zhang, Can, and Yu, Jin‐Tai
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Background: Inflammation plays a crucial role in the pathogenesis of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and Alzheimer's disease (AD). Our study aimed to analyse previous inconsistent results of inflammatory markers in AD and MCI quantitatively. Method: Studies reporting concentrations of peripheral or cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) markers were included, and eligible data on AD, MCI and control were extracted. Pooled Hedges's g was adopted to illustrate comparisons, and various confounding factors were used to explore sources of heterogeneity. Result: A total of 170 studies were included in the meta‐analysis and systematic review, which demonstrated increased peripheral levels of high‐sensitivity C reactive protein (Hedges's g 0.281, p<0.05), interleukin‐6 (IL‐6) (0.429, p<0.005), soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 1 (sTNFR1) (0.763, p<0.05), soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor 2 (sTNFR2) (0.354, p<0.005), alpha1‐antichymotrypsin (α1‐ACT) (1.217, p<0.005), IL‐1β (0.615, p<0.05) and soluble CD40 ligand (0.868, p<0.005), and CSF levels of IL‐10 (0.434, p<0.05), monocyte chemoattractant protein‐1 (MCP‐1) (0.798, p<0.005), transforming growth factor‐beta 1 (1.009, p<0.05), soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells2 (sTREM2) (0.587, p<0.001), YKL‐40 (0.849, p<0.001), α1‐ACT (0.638, p<0.001), nerve growth factor (5.475, p<0.005) and visinin‐like protein‐1 (VILIP‐1) (0.677, p<0.005), in AD compared with the control. Higher levels of sTNFR2 (0.265, p<0.05), IL‐6 (0.129, p<0.05) and MCP‐1 (0.779, p<0.05) and lower levels of IL‐8 (‐1.293, p<0.05) in the periphery, as well as elevated concentrations of YKL‐40 (0.373, p<0.05), VILIP‐1 (0.534, p<0.005) and sTREM2 (0.695, p<0.05) in CSF, were shown in MCI compared with the control. Additionally, increased peripheral sTNFR1 (0.582, p<0.05) and sTNFR2 (0.254, p<0.05) levels were observed in AD compared with MCI. Conclusion: Significantly altered levels of inflammatory markers were verified in comparison between AD, MCI and control, supporting the notion that AD and MCI are accompanied by inflammatory responses in both the periphery and CSF. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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23. The Projected Poleward Shift of Tropical Cyclogenesis at a Global Scale Under Climate Change in MRI‐AGCM3.2H
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Cao, Xi, Watanabe, Masahiro, Wu, Renguang, Chen, Wen, Sun, Ying, Yan, Qing, Wang, Pengfei, Deng, Difei, and Wu, Liang
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Future climate projections suggest a poleward shift of the maximum intensity of tropical cyclones (TCs) over the western North Pacific. However, the global nature of the latitudinal change in TC genesis under global warming remains poorly understood. We show, using large‐ensemble high‐resolution atmospheric model simulations (d4PDF) with four warming scenarios, that the poleward shift is a robust change over the globe, attributable to the weakening of the Hadley circulation. The weakened ascent driven by the upper‐tropospheric warming suppresses the TC genesis within 5°–20° latitudes, whereas the weakened descent enhances the TC genesis in the poleward latitudes. We further estimate the poleward shift of TC genesis to emerge at the 2 K global warming over the Arabian Sea, South Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and at the 4 K warming over the North Pacific. The present results underscore the potential for increasing social and economic risks associated with TCs at higher latitudes. Climate models have projected a decrease in TC genesis frequency in future warming. However, the global nature of the latitudinal change in TC genesis under global warming remains uncertain partly due to insufficient resolution as well as the ensemble size of climate model simulations. We show a global feature of the robust poleward shift of the TC genesis during the active seasons of both hemispheres scaled with the global warming level, which can be attributed to the weakening of the Hadley circulation. The weakened ascending branch of the Hadley circulation, driven by the increased upper tropospheric warming, potentially hinders TC genesis within 5°–20° latitudes. Conversely, the weakened descending branch of the Hadley circulation enhances the likelihood of TC genesis within 20°–35° latitudes. We further estimate that the signal of TC genesis is expected to emerge over high latitudes of the Arabian Sea, South Atlantic and South Pacific Oceans at the 2 K warming and at the 4 K warming over the North Pacific. The present analyses have significant implications not only for assessing the reliability of future TC‐related changes in climate models but also for estimating the increased TC‐related hazards at higher latitudes under global warming. We project a global feature of the robust poleward shift of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis during active seasons of both hemispheresMore TC genesis at high latitudes can be attributed to the weakening of the Hadley circulationPoleward shift of TC genesis emerges at 2 K warming over Arabian Sea, South Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and at 4 K warming over North Pacific We project a global feature of the robust poleward shift of tropical cyclone (TC) genesis during active seasons of both hemispheres More TC genesis at high latitudes can be attributed to the weakening of the Hadley circulation Poleward shift of TC genesis emerges at 2 K warming over Arabian Sea, South Atlantic and Pacific Oceans and at 4 K warming over North Pacific
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- 2024
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24. The study of intelligent algorithm in particle identification of heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies
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Cheng, Gao-Yi, Su, Qian-Min, Cao, Xi-Guang, and Zhang, Guo-Qiang
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Traditional particle identification methods face timeconsuming, experience-dependent, and poor repeatability challenges in heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies. Researchers urgently need solutions to the dilemma of traditional particle identification methods. This study explores the possibility of applying intelligent learning algorithms to the particle identification of heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies. Multiple intelligent algorithms, including XgBoost and TabNet, were selected to test datasets from the neutron ion multi-detector for reaction-oriented dynamics (NIMROD-ISiS) and Geant4 simulation. Tree-based machine learning algorithms and deep learning algorithms e.g. TabNet show excellent performance and generalization ability. Adding additional data features besides energy deposition can improve the algorithm’s performance when the data distribution is nonuniform. Intelligent learning algorithms can be applied to solve the particle identification problem in heavy-ion collisions at low and intermediate energies.
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- 2024
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25. Fiber Grating Hydrogen Sensor: Progress, Challenge and Prospect
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Ping, Xiaofan, Cao, Xi, Cao, Chuanzhao, Lei, Haodong, Yang, Chaoran, Cheng, Qian, Zhou, Tianyi, and Liu, Mingyi
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Hydrogen is a kind of clean and sustainable energy source and arises wide attention in industrial and commercial scenarios. The utilization of hydrogen in safety is eternal theme, thereby it is important to detect hydrogen quickly and accurately in production, use and storage stage. This review focuses on the fiber grating hydrogen sensor, which depicts a great promising for industrial application, introduces the up‐to‐date progress and provides new insight for scale use. Starting with an overview of the sensing mechanism of hydrogen‐sensitive material, then this paper briefly introduces the working principle of fiber grating hydrogen sensor. After that, design and optimization methods for fiber grating hydrogen sensor are emphatically summarizes from viewpoints of sensor structure, hydrogen‐sensitive material, and sensor durability. Last, the challenges of fiber grating hydrogen sensor for practical applications are demonstrated and the future prospects are also put forward, namely the depth investigation in structure, material, key fabrication technology and environmental adaptability of sensor. This review focuses on the fiber grating hydrogen sensor which depicts a great promising for the industrial application, and mainly introduces the design and optimization methods for the sensor from sensor structure, hydrogen‐sensitive material and sensor durability perspectives, which is expected to provide some new ideas for its practical applications.
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- 2024
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26. Effects of the Application of a Perforated Anode in an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell on the Gas–Liquid Two-Phase Flow and Bubble Distribution Characteristics
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Hou, Wenyuan, Li, Hesong, Feng, Yuan, Wang, Jiaoru, Li, Mao, Cheng, Benjun, and Cao, Xi
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In contrast to the original form of the anode, the perforated anode is a new kind of anode that can significantly reduce the bubble thickness while maintaining a stable electrolysis process. The bubble movement was simulated within physical and mathematical models of the flow field in the anode–cathode distance (ACD) area, in which the electrolyte solidification zone in the anode perforations was treated creatively as a porous medium. The flow field distribution and the bubble layer thickness in the ACD area were simulated. The influence of the process parameters, such as the electrolyte temperature and ACD, on the flow field was analyzed. The results show that compared with the regular anode and slotted anode, the use of the perforated anode reduces the thickness of the bubble layer by approximately 1.63 and 1.06 mm, respectively. The velocity of the electrolyte is positively correlated with the electrolyte temperature, anode width, and bubble layer thickness. The immersion depth of the anode and the interanode gap have little effect on the bubble thickness and flow field.
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- 2024
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27. NνDEx-100 conceptual design report
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Cao, Xi-Guang, Chang, Yan-Long, Chen, Kai, Ciuffoli, Emilio, Duan, Li-Min, Fang, Dong-Liang, Gao, Chao-Song, Ghorui, Surja K., Hu, Peng-Chong, Hu, Qiang, Huang, Si-Yuan, Huang, Ze-Yu, Lang, Lei, Li, Yu-Lan, Li, Zhi-Jie, Liang, Tian-Yu, Liu, Jun, Lu, Chen-Gui, Mai, Fa-Tai, Mei, Yuan, Qiu, Hao, Sun, Xiang-Ming, Tang, Xiao-Xing, Wang, Hu-Lin, Wang, Qian-Ming, Xiao, Le, Xiao, Mu-Yun, Xin, Jian-Yu, Xu, Nu, Yang, Peng, Yang, Yi-Chen, Yang, Zhen, Yu, Zong-Yang, Zhang, Dong-Liang, Zhang, Jun-Wei, Zhao, Cheng-Xin, and Zhu, Dou
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Observing nuclear neutrinoless double beta (0νββ) decay would be a revolutionary result in particle physics. Observing such a decay would prove that the neutrinos are their own antiparticles, help to study the absolute mass of neutrinos, explore the origin of their mass, and may explain the matter-antimatter asymmetry in our universe by lepton number violation. We propose developing a time projection chamber (TPC) using high-pressure 82SeF6gas and Topmetal silicon sensors for readout in the China Jinping Underground Laboratory (CJPL) to search for neutrinoless double beta decay of 82Se, called the NνDEx experiment. Besides being located at CJPL with the world’s thickest rock shielding, NνDEx combines the advantages of the high Qββ(2.996 MeV) of 82Se and the TPC’s ability to distinguish signal and background events using their different topological characteristics. This makes NνDEx unique, with great potential for low-background and high-sensitivity 0νββsearches. NνDEx-100, a NνDEx experiment phase with 100 kg of SeF6gas, is being built, with plans to complete installation at CJPL by 2025. This report introduces 0νββphysics, the NνDEx concept and its advantages, and the schematic design of NνDEx-100, its subsystems, and background and sensitivity estimation.
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- 2024
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28. Effects of the Application of a Perforated Anode in an Aluminum Electrolysis Cell on the Gas–Liquid Two-Phase Flow and Bubble Distribution Characteristics.
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Hou, Wenyuan, Li, Hesong, Feng, Yuan, Wang, Jiaoru, Li, Mao, Cheng, Benjun, and Cao, Xi
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- 2020
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29. The interaction of subglottic drainage, cuff pressure, and oral care on endotracheal tube fluid leakage: A benchtop study.
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Chair, Sek Ying, Chan, David Wing Keung, and Cao, Xi
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- 2020
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30. MIL-100(Fe)/Ti3C2 MXene as a Schottky Catalyst with Enhanced Photocatalytic Oxidation for Nitrogen Fixation Activities.
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Wang, Hanmei, Zhao, Ran, Qin, Junqi, Hu, Haoxuan, Fan, Xianwei, Cao, Xi, and Wang, Dong
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- 2019
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31. Self-care in Chinese heart failure patients: Gender-specific correlates.
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Cao, Xi, Chair, Sek Ying, Wang, Xiuhua, Chew, Han Shi Jocelyn, and Cheng, Ho Yu
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Existing studies have indicated that poor self-care in heart failure (HF) patients may differ according to gender but such studies remain scarce among Chinese HF patients. To explore gender difference in correlates of self-care in Chinese HF patients. A cross-sectional study on Chinese HF patients (n = 127) from cardiac wards of two hospitals in China was conducted. Data on participants' socio-demographic and clinical characteristics, self-care, HF knowledge, social support, and self-care confidence were collected. Correlates of HF self-care were explored using hierarchical multiple regression. Gender differences were observed in Chinese HF patients, who generally performed poorly in self-care. In males, self-care maintenance was associated with HF knowledge while self-care management was associated with social support. In females, maintenance was associated with self-care confidence while management was associated with both self-care confidence and HF knowledge. Correlates of self-care differed between two genders in Chinese HF patients. These gender-specific factors should be considered when planning self-care intervention or educating HF patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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32. Effects of Exercise Therapy for Adults With Coronary Heart Disease
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Chair, Sek Ying, Zou, Huijing, and Cao, Xi
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- 2021
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33. The interaction of subglottic drainage, cuff pressure, and oral care on endotracheal tube fluid leakage: A benchtop study
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Chair, Sek Ying, Chan, David Wing Keung, and Cao, Xi
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The types of endotracheal tube, positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) level, endotracheal tube cuff pressure level, and nursing activity may influence the occurrence of pulmonary aspiration in ventilated patients with an endotracheal tube, but the evidence on their degree of influence is still inconclusive.
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- 2020
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34. Correlation between Char Gasification Characteristics at Different Stages and Microstructure of Char by Combining X-ray Diffraction and Raman Spectroscopy
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Liu, Mengjie, Bai, Jin, Yu, Jianglong, Kong, Lingxue, Bai, Zongqing, Li, Huaizhu, He, Chong, Ge, Zefeng, Cao, Xi, and Li, Wen
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A comprehensive and reliable correlation between the gasification characteristics and char structure will be helpful to propose a tentative reaction pathway. The rapid-pyrolysis char samples were prepared with a novel high-temperature vertical quenching furnace at high temperatures from 900 to 1500 °C with different residence times. The physicochemical structure and gasification reactivity of chars were systematically analyzed. Results demonstrated that the chemical structures were slightly influenced by the residence time at lower pyrolysis temperatures (900 and 1000 °C), while the graphitization degree was increased by the prolongation of the residence time at 1100 °C. With the increase of the pyrolysis temperature, Lc,a/d002,aand IG/Iallmonotonously increased, while ID1/IGand ID3/IGmonotonously decreased. Additionally, the specific surface area was not considered in the correlations because it was not the main factor affecting the reactivity. The isothermal and non-isothermal gasification reactivities of coal char gradually decreased with the increase of the pyrolysis temperature to some extent. However, ID1/IGcould act as a rough indicator for evaluating the characteristic temperatures of chars. It was also revealed that the reaction rate was controlled by various chemical structural factors at different stages. Hence, the correlations based on the chemical structure parameters by combining X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy showed credibility on the prediction of char characteristic temperatures as the critical factor varied with the gasification stage.
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- 2020
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35. Sleep problems and risk of all-cause cognitive decline or dementia: an updated systematic review and meta-analysis
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Xu, Wei, Tan, Chen-Chen, Zou, Juan-Juan, Cao, Xi-Peng, and Tan, Lan
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ObjectivesTo conduct an updated systematic review and meta-analysis of association between sleep and all-cause cognitive disorders.MethodsPubMed and EMBASE were searched from inception to 18 February 2019. Cohort studies exploring longitudinal associations of sleep with cognitive decline or dementia were included. The multivariable-adjusted effect estimates were pooled by random-effects models, with credibility assessment. The robust error meta-regression model was used to conduct the dose–response meta-analysis for sleep duration.Results11 155 reports were searched and 51 eligible cohorts with 15 sleep problems were included for our meta-analyses. Ten types of sleep conditions or parameters, including six (insomnia, fragmentation, daytime dysfunction, prolonged latency, rapid eye movement sleep behaviour disorder and excessive time in bed) with moderate-to-high levels of evidence, were linked to higher risk of all-cause cognitive disorders. Furthermore, a U-shaped relationship was revealed for the associations with sleep duration.ConclusionsSleep management might serve as a promising target for dementia prevention.
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- 2020
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36. Midlife Modifiable Risk Factors for Dementia: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis of 34 Prospective Cohort Studies
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Li, Xiao-Ying, Zhang, Min, Xu, Wei, Li, Jie-Qiong, Cao, Xi-Peng, Yu, Jin-Tai, and Tan, Lan
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Objective: The aim of this study is to assess the association between midlife risk factors and dementia. Methods: PubMed and Cochrane library were systematically searched on May 24, 2018, to retrieve prospective cohort studies. The summary Relative Risk (RR) and 95% Confidence Interval (CI) were calculated by the random-effect model to explore the association between midlife risk factors and dementia. Sensitivity analysis and meta-regression were conducted to explore the source of heterogeneity. Publication bias was examined using Begg's and Egger's tests. Results: Thirty-four prospective cohort studies were included, among which 24 were eligible for metaanalysis. A total of 159,594 non-demented adults were enrolled at baseline before 65 years and 13,540 people were diagnosed with dementia after follow-up. The pooled results revealed that five factors could significantly increase the dementia risk by 41 to 78%, including obesity (RR, 1.78; 95% CI: 1.31-2.41), diabetes mellitus (RR, 1.69; 95% CI: 1.38-2.07), current smoking (RR, 1.61; 95%, CI: 1.32-1.95), hypercholesterolemia (RR, 1.57; 95% CI: 1.19-2.07), and hypertension (borderline blood pressure RR, 1.41; 95% CI: 1.23-1.62 and high Systolic Blood Pressure (SBP) RR, 1.72; 95% CI: 1.25-2.37). However, the sensitivity analyses found that the results of hypercholesterolemia and high SBP were not reliable, which need to be confirmed by more high-quality studies. No influences due to publication bias were revealed. In the systematic review, another three factors (hyperhomocysteinemia, psychological stress, and heavy drinking) were found to be associated with elevated dementia risk. In addition, physical exercise, a healthy diet, and hormone therapy in middle age were associated with the reduction of dementia risk. Conclusions: Middle-aged people with obesity, diabetes, hypertension, or hypercholesterolemia, and current smokers in midlife are at higher risk of developing dementia later in life.
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- 2019
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37. MIL-100(Fe)/Ti3C2MXene as a Schottky Catalyst with Enhanced Photocatalytic Oxidation for Nitrogen Fixation Activities
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Wang, Hanmei, Zhao, Ran, Qin, Junqi, Hu, Haoxuan, Fan, Xianwei, Cao, Xi, and Wang, Dong
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A new microporous MIL-100(Fe)/Ti3C2MXene composite was constructed as a non-noble metal-based Schottky junction photocatalyst with improved nitrogen fixation ability. Ti3C2MXene nanosheets exhibited excellent metal conductivity and were employed as two-dimensional support to optimize the composite’s energy band structure. MIL-100(Fe) with a large specific surface area was used as an adsorbent and a photocatalytic oxidation center. The MIL-100(Fe)/Ti3C2MXene composite not only exhibited higher thermal stability but also showed significantly increased nitrogen fixation activity under visible light. The NO conversion rate of the composite catalyst was about four and three times higher than that of the pure Ti3C2MXene and the pure MIL-100(Fe) samples, respectively. Although adsorption plays an important role in the nitrogen fixation process, the synergistic effects of the Schottky junctions are the main cause of the enhanced photocatalytic activity. The built-in electric field can be generated to form charge-transfer channels, which help to achieve a desirable photocatalytic activity.
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- 2019
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38. A Literature Review on Strategies Preventing Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia: Role of Endotracheal Cuff Pressure, Cuff Material, and Cuff Shape.
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Zou, Huijing and Cao, Xi
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Objectives: To provide an overview of existing literature regarding the effects of ETT cuff pressure, cuff material, and cuff shape on VAP prevention in adult ventilated patients. Background: Ventilated patients are at risk of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), which can result in many adverse consequences, such as increased length of stay, mortality, and hospital cost. Endotracheal tube (ETT) insertion is a commonly used measure for mechanical ventilation. However, ETT cuff pressure, special cuff material, and special cuff shape may affect the occurrence of VAP in ventilated patients, but the evidence for their effects on VAP prevention has not been synthesized. Methods: A literature review was conducted. Findings: Twenty-two studies involving 8,809 patients were included in this literature review. The reviewed studies showed inconsistent findings of the effects of continuous ETT cuff pressure monitoring (compared with intermittent pressure monitoring), polyurethane ultrathin tracheal tube (compared with polyvinyl chloride tracheal tube), and taper-shaped cuff (compared with conical-shaped cuff) on the prevention of VAP. Two studies reported consistent findings that silver-coated ETT significantly reduced bacterial load and incidence of VAP compared with uncoated ETT, but the evidence level was relatively weak. Conclusion: This literature review provides an initial and brief overview of the effects of ETT cuff pressure, cuff material, and cuff shape on preventing VAP. However, the effectiveness of these interventions remains inconclusive due to the inadequate evidence and low quality of previous studies. The intervention effects should be synthesized using a quantitative method and laboratory studies with rigorous design are needed to provide more solid evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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39. Expanding Multinary Selenide Based High-Efficiency Oxygen Evolution Electrocatalysts through Combinatorial Electrodeposition: Case Study with Fe–Cu–Co Selenides.
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Cao, Xi, Johnson, Emily, and Nath, Manashi
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- 2019
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40. Neutrophil-mimicking therapeutic nanoparticles for targeted chemotherapy of pancreatic carcinoma.
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Cao, Xi, Hu, Ying, Luo, Shi, Wang, Yuejing, Gong, Tao, Sun, Xun, Fu, Yao, and Zhang, Zhirong
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BIODEGRADABLE nanoparticles ,TARGETED drug delivery ,GLYCOLIC acid ,NANOPARTICLES ,ETHYLENE glycol ,THERAPEUTICS ,CARCINOMA - Abstract
Due to the critical correlation between inflammation and carcinogenesis, a therapeutic candidate with anti-inflammatory activity may find application in cancer therapy. Here, we report the therapeutic efficacy of celastrol as a promising candidate compound for treatment of pancreatic carcinoma via naïve neutrophil membrane-coated poly(ethylene glycol) methyl ether- block -poly(lactic- co -glycolic acid) (PEG-PLGA) nanoparticles. Neutrophil membrane-coated nanoparticles (NNPs) are well demonstrated to overcome the blood pancreas barrier to achieve pancreas-specific drug delivery in vivo. Using tumor-bearing mice xenograft model, NNPs showed selective accumulations at the tumor site following systemic administration as compared to nanoparticles without neutrophil membrane coating. In both orthotopic and ectopic tumor models, celastrol-loaded NNPs demonstrated greatly enhanced tumor inhibition which significantly prolonged the survival of tumor bearing mice and minimizing liver metastases. Overall, these results suggest that celastrol-loaded NNPs represent a viable and effective treatment option for pancreatic carcinoma. Neutrophil membrane-coated nanoparticles (NNPs) have been developed to overcome the blood–pancreas barrier to achieve site-specific drug delivery. fx1 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2019
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41. Inflammation-Targeted Delivery of Celastrol via Neutrophil Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles in the Management of Acute Pancreatitis.
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Zhou, Xu, Cao, Xi, Tu, He, Zhang, Zhi-Rong, and Deng, Li
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- 2019
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42. Analysis of participation and performance of MOOC learners via latent class analysis: A retrospective study based on the data of a nursing MOOC from 2018 to 2022.
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Wang, Wenxuan, Zhao, Juanjuan, Cao, Xi, Bai, Yang, Cheng, Li, Jin, Shangyi, You, Liming, and Li, Kun
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Although massive open online courses have been widely used in nurse education, few studies have evaluated MOOC learner behavioral characteristics. Understanding MOOC learners' participation and performance parameters is helpful for further development and administration of this educational approach. To categorize nursing MOOC learners according to their different learning participation and to compare the differences in learning performance of different types of MOOC learners. Retrospective. Participants evaluated in this study were learners of the Health Assessment MOOC on a Chinese MOOC platform for nine semesters from 2018 to 2022. Via latent class analysis, MOOC learners were categorized according to the number of times they participated in each topic test and the final exam. Differences in scores of each topic test and the final exam, case discussion number, and total evaluation score among different learners were compared. Using latent class analysis, MOOC learners were categorized as committed (28.96 %), negative (16.08 %), mid-term dropout (12.78 %) and early dropout (42.18 %) learners. Committed learners performed best and no significant difference were found among other learner types on most topic tests and the final exam. Committed learners participated in case discussions most actively. According to total evaluations, committed, mid-term dropout, early dropout, and negative learners performed from best to worst. Health Assessment MOOC learners were categorized using five-years of data. Committed learners performed best. No significant difference in performance was found for other learners on most topic tests and the final exam. Understanding learner characteristics and educational behavior is critical for effective design and administration of future MOOC learning approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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43. MAPT rs242557 variant is associated with hippocampus tau uptake on 18F‐AV‐1451 PET in non‐demented elders: Neuroimaging / imaging and genetics.
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Shen, Xue‐Ning, Miao, Dan, Li, Jie‐Qiong, Tan, Chen‐Chen, Cao, Xi‐Peng, Tan, Lan, and Yu, Jin‐Tai
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Background: The microtubule‐associated protein tau gene rs242557 variant is associated with multiple tauopathies and dementia. This study investigated whether it was correlated with brain tau‐PET uptake in non‐demented elders. Method: Ninety non‐demented elders were identified from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative cohort. We compared standardized uptake value ratios of tau‐PET tracer 18F‐AV‐1451 between rs242557 variant carriers and non‐carriers in 25 regions of interest. Result: The minor allele A was associated with increased hippocampus 18F‐AV‐1451 uptake in non‐demented elders (left: β = 0.111, Bonferroni corrected p = 0.035; right: β = 0.103, Bonferroni corrected p = 0.031). Aβ‐positive participants (left: β = 0.206, Bonferroni corrected p = 0.029; right: β = 0.198, Bonferroni corrected p = 0.035) and APOE ε4 non‐carriers (left: β = 0.140, Bonferroni corrected p = 0.006; right: β = 0.134, Bonferroni corrected p = 0.004) exhibited approximately the same findings in hippocampus. Conclusion: Considering no obvious associations in other regions, we confirmed the significant correlation of MAPT rs242557 risk variant with increased hippocampus tau deposition in non‐demented elders. With higher magnitude signals in the hippocampus that is more likely to be uniquely affected in AD, the tau PET ligand 18F‐AV‐1451 seemed to possess a specific binding property for AD‐like tau pathology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2020
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44. Self-care confidence mediates the relationship between type D personality and self-care adherence in chinese heart failure patients.
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Liu, Li, Wang, Xiuhua, Cao, Xi, Gu, Can, Yang, Chen, and OuYang, Yu
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Background Existing theory and evidence suggest that self-care confidence may mediate the relationship between Type D personality and self-care adherence. Objectives To assess the mediating role of self-care confidence between Type D personality and self-care adherence in Chinese HF patients. Methods This is a secondary analysis of a cross-sectional study. Self-care confidence and self-care adherence (maintenance) were measured by the subscales of the Self-Care of Heart Failure Index (v6). The Type D Scale-14 was administered to assess negative affect (NA), social inhibition (SI), and Type D personality. Mediation analysis based on Baron and Kenny was performed. Results A total of 127 HF patients were included. Self-care confidence partially mediated the relationship between Type D personality and self-care adherence but completely mediated the relationship between NA/SI and self-care adherence. Conclusions Clinicians may effectively improve self-care adherence by enhancing self-care confidence in HF patients with Type D personality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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45. Respective and Combined Impacts of Regional SST Anomalies on Tropical Cyclogenesis in Different Sectors of the Western North Pacific
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Wu, Renguang, Yang, Yiya, and Cao, Xi
- Abstract
In this study, the interannual variations in the tropical cyclone (TC) over the western North Pacific (WNP) and the influences of regional sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies are documented by separating the WNP into four quadrants considering nonuniform SST‐induced environmental changes. Our analysis shows that the TC variations in the northwest and southeast quadrants are related to both equatorial central‐eastern Pacific Ocean (EPO) and tropical Indian Ocean (TIO) SST anomalies. The TC variation in the northeast quadrant is mainly related to tropical North Atlantic Ocean SST anomalies. The main environmental variables differ for the TC variations in the four quadrants. Lower‐level (850‐hPa) vorticity is important for the TC variations in the northwest, southwest, and southeast quadrants. Midlevel (700‐hPa) humidity contributes to the TC variations in the northwest, northeast, and southeast quadrants. The vertical shear has a supplementary contribution to the TC variation in the southeast quadrant. The potential intensity (PI) negatively affects the TC variations in the southwest and southeast quadrants. The remote SST anomalies modulate different environmental variables over the WNP. The TIO SST influence is manifested in the lower‐level vorticity and vertical motion. The tropical North Atlantic SST impact occurs through the lower‐level vorticity change. The EPO SST effect occurs via changing the lower‐level vorticity and vertical motion as well as the midlevel moisture and vertical shear. The environmental variables experience more prominent changes when SST anomalies coexist in two remote regions. Numerical experiments confirm the EPO and TIO SST anomaly impacts on the environmental conditions affecting the WNP TC variations. Tropical cyclogenesis displays different features under various combinations of regional SST anomaliesMain environmental variables for tropical cyclogenesis change differ among different sectorsEnvironmental variable changes vary with the combination of regional SST anomalies
- Published
- 2019
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46. Preparation of NiCoFe-hydroxide/polyaniline composite for enhanced-performance supercapacitors.
- Author
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Liu, Lu, Hu, Xi, Zeng, Hong-Yan, Yi, Mo-Yu, Shen, Shi-Gen, Xu, Sheng, Cao, Xi, and Du, Jin-Ze
- Subjects
POLYANILINES ,ELECTRIC contacts ,ELECTRIC capacity ,COMPOSITE materials ,SURFACE area ,HYDROXIDES - Abstract
Ternary NiCoFe layer hydroxides with different Ni/Co/Fe molar ratios were prepared using simple urea method. By finely tuning Ni/Co/Fe molar ratio, the optimized hydroxide (LDH 2.0), a Ni/Co/Fe molar ratio of 2.0/1.0/1.0, provided high specific capacitance (408 F g
−1 at 2.0 A g−1 ) and good stability (90.9% retention over 1000 cycles) due to maximum crystallinity (91.35% crystallinity) and specific surface area (160 m2 g−1 ). In order to further improve the electrochemical performances, the LDH 2.0 was made into a composite (LDH/PANI) with polyaniline (PANI) via in situ polymerization of aniline monomer. The LDH/PANI composite had a much higher specific capacitance (717 F g−1 at 2.0 A g−1 ) compared with the LDH 2.0 , and a significant improvement of cycleability (84.7% retention over 1000 cycles). The results indicated that the LDH/PANI had a synergistic effect of both components due to the complementary properties, which guaranteed a good electric contact and consequently increased the specific capacitance. These provided a new approach for designing organic-inorganic composite materials with potential application in supercapacitors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Energy calibration of a CR-39 nuclear-track detector irradiated by charged particles
- Author
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Zhang, Yue, Wang, Hong-Wei, Ma, Yu-Gang, Liu, Long-Xiang, Cao, Xi-Guang, Fan, Gong-Tao, Zhang, Guo-Qiang, and Fang, De-Qing
- Abstract
Charged particle diagnosis is an important aspect of laser–plasma experiments conducted at super-intense laser facilities. In recent years, Columbia Resin #39 (CR-39) detectors have been widely employed for detecting charged particles in laser–plasma experiments. This is because the CR-39 polymer does not respond to electromagnetic pulses or X-rays. This study presents a method for calibrating the relationship between particle energy and track diameter in a CR-39 detector (TasTrak®) using 3–8 MeV protons, 6–30 MeV carbon ions, and 1–5 MeV alpha particles. The particle tracks were compared under the manufacturer’s recommended etching conditions of 6.25 mol/l NaOH at 98 °C and under the widely adopted experimental conditions of 6.25 mol/l NaOH at 70 °C. The results show that if the NaOH solution concentration is 6.25 mol/l, then the temperature of 70 °C is more suitable for etching proton tracks than 98 °C and employing a temperature of 98 °C to etch alpha-particle and carbon-ion tracks can significantly reduce the etching time. Moreover, this result implies that C3+ion or alpha-particle tracks can be distinguished from proton tracks with energy above 3 MeV by controlling the etching time. This calibration method for the CR-39 detector can be applied to the diagnosis of reaction products in laser–plasma experiments.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Characterization, solubility and antibacterial activity of inclusion complex of questin with hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin
- Author
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Guo, Lei, Cao, Xi, Yang, Shulin, Wang, Xintong, Wen, Ying, Zhang, Fei, Chen, Hui, and Wang, Le
- Abstract
To increase the water solubility of questin and broaden its application in preventing and treating Vibriodiseases in aquaculture, an inclusion complex of questin with 2-hydroxypropyl-β-cyclodextrin (HP-β-CD) was prepared by stirring and coevaporation strategy. The results of thin-layer chromatography and nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum confirmed the inclusion of questin into HP-β-CD. The aqueous solubility of questin in the inclusion complex reached (62.63 ± 1.21) µg/mL, which was 110 times of questin’s original solubility. The preliminary agar diffusion method indicated that questin–HP-β-CD inclusion complex showed enhanced antibacterial activity against Vibrio harveyicompared with free questin. This finding provided a reliable basis for the further application of questin as aquatic antibacterial agent.
- Published
- 2019
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49. Thymopentin-loaded phospholipid-based phase separation gel with long-lasting immunomodulatory effects: in vitro and in vivo studies
- Author
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Zhang, Ting, Qin, Xian-yan, Cao, Xi, Li, Wen-hao, Gong, Tao, and Zhang, Zhi-rong
- Abstract
Thymopentin (TP5) is an effective immunomodulatory agent for autoimmune disease that has been used clinically for decades. However, its application is greatly limited by its extremely short half-life in vivo, poor membrane permeability and extensive metabolism in gastrointestinal tract, resulting in repeated injection and poor patient compliance. In the present study, we developed a TP5-loaded, phospholipid-based phase separation gel (PPSG) to achieve sustained drug release profile and long-lasting therapeutic effects. We firstly demonstrated the physiochemical characteristics of PPSG before and after phase transition by examining the viscosity and morphology change caused by the phase transition. Moreover, the PPSG exerted a low cytotoxicity in L929 cells and HUVECs, suggesting the biocompatibility of PPSG. A month-long drug release profile of TP5 PPSG was observed both in vitro and in vivo, revealing its sustained and controlled drug release property. Most importantly, in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressive rats, a single dose of TP5 PPSG (15 mg/kg, sc) injected could normalize their T-SOD levels and CD4+/CD8+ ratio; such an immunoregulatory effect was comparable to that produced by repeated injection of TP5 solution (0.6 mg/kg per day, sc) for 14 consecutive days. Thus, TP5 PPSG has a great potential for sustained delivery of TP5 in clinical use because of its simple manufacture process, good biocompatibility and long-lasting immunomodulatory efficacy, which could greatly improve patient compliance.
- Published
- 2019
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50. Inflammation-Targeted Delivery of Celastrol via Neutrophil Membrane-Coated Nanoparticles in the Management of Acute Pancreatitis
- Author
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Zhou, Xu, Cao, Xi, Tu, He, Zhang, Zhi-Rong, and Deng, Li
- Abstract
Celastrol (CLT)-loaded PEG–PLGA nanoparticles (NPs/CLT) coated with neutrophil membranes (NNPs/CLT) were explored for the management of acute pancreatitis (AP). PEG–PLGA nanoparticles sized around 150 nm were proven to selectively accumulate in the pancreas in rats with AP. NNPs were found to overcome the blood–pancreas barrier and specifically distributed to the pancreatic tissues. Moreover, NNPs showed more selective accumulation in the pancreas than nanoparticles without any membrane coating in AP rats. Compared to CLT solution and the NPs/CLT group, NNPs/CLT significantly downregulated the levels of serum amylase and pancreatic myeloperoxidase in AP rats. Also, using NNPs as the delivery vehicle significantly reduced the systemic toxicity of CLT in AP rats. Together, these results suggest that NNPs/CLT represent a highly promising delivery vehicle for the targeted therapy of AP.
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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