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With the recent rapid improvement of wireless communication rates [1], [2], the cutoff frequency of semiconductor devices has gradually increased [3], [4], and products with large signal bandwidth circuits have become a hot topic [5], [6], [7]. Port-to-port signal transmission and coupling mechanisms are also becoming more complex with the increases in frequency, presenting a challenge for high-frequency on-chip measurement [8], [9]. An accurate calibration must be applied to eliminate deviations between the probe terminal and the internal port of the device [10]. Unlike device under test (DUT), the reference plane for calibration of a vector network analyzer is from A to A’, as shown in Figure 1. This inevitably leads to an interconnection structure being utilized to address the mismatch between A to B and A’ to B’ [11], [12]. In response, the de-embedding technique has been developed to eliminate this extra step from the measurement data [13], [14].

After implantation, complex and highly specialized molecular events render functionally distinct organ formation, whereas how the epigenome shapes organ-specific development remains to be fully elucidated. Here, nano-hmC-Seal, RNA bisulfite sequencing (RNA-BisSeq), and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) were performed, and the first multilayer landscapes of DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and RNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) epigenomes were obtained in the heart, kidney, liver, and lung of the human foetuses at 13–28 weeks with 123 samples in total. We identified 70,091 and 503 organ- and stage-specific differentially hydroxymethylated regions (DhMRs) and m5C-modified mRNAs, respectively. The key transcription factors (TFs), T-box transcription factor 20 (TBX20), paired box 8 (PAX8), krueppel-like factor 1 (KLF1), transcription factor 21 (TCF21), and CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPB), specifically contribute to the formation of distinct organs at different stages. Additionally, 5hmC-enriched Alu elements may participate in the regulation of expression of TF-targeted genes. Our integrated studies reveal a putative essential link between DNA modification and RNA methylation, and illustrate the epigenetic maps during human foetal organogenesis, which provide a foundation for for an in-depth understanding of the epigenetic mechanisms underlying early development and birth defects.

The crosstalk between signaling and metabolic pathways has been known to play key roles in human diseases and plant biological processes. The integration of signaling and metabolic pathways can provide an essential reference framework for crosstalk analysis. However, current databases use distinct structures to present signaling and metabolic pathways, which leads to the chaos in the integrated networks. Moreover, for the metabolic pathways, the metabolic enzymes and the reactions are disconnected by the current widely accepted layout of edges and nodes, which hinders the topological analysis of the integrated networks. Here, we propose a novel “meta-pathway” structure, which uses the uniformed structure to display the signaling and metabolic pathways, and resolves the difficulty in linking the metabolic enzymes to the reactions topologically. We compiled a comprehensive collection of global integrative networks (GINs) by merging the meta-pathways of 7077 species. We demonstrated the assembly of the signaling and metabolic pathways using the GINs of four species—human, mouse, Arabidopsis, and rice. Almost all of the nodes were assembled into one major network for each of the four species, which provided opportunities for robust crosstalk and topological analysis, and knowledge graph construction.

The CRISPR/Cas9 system is an efficient gene-editing method, but it is difficult to obtain mutants for some specific species and special genome structures. A previously reported multiplexed, semi-nested PCR target-enrichment approach, which does not rely on transgenic technology, has been shown to be an effective and affordable strategy for the discovery of rare mutations in a large sodium azide-induced rice population. However, this strategy has the potential for further optimization. Here, we describe an improved multiplex semi-nested PCR target-enrichment strategy with simplified processing procedures, reduced false-positive rates and increased mutation detection frequency (1 mutation/73 Kb).

A micromanipulated vacuum probe station and fluorescence imaging are used to induce and visualize bipolar electrochemical redox reactions in a solid-state polymer light-emitting electrochemical cell (PLEC). The PLEC is a planar cell consisting of a composite polymer film partially covered by two parallel, vacuum-deposited rectangular aluminum electrodes at a separation of 10.7 mm. A pair of biased metallic probes are placed into direct contact with the exposed polymer surface, causing in situelectrochemical p- and n-doping of the luminescent polymer in the interior of the PLEC. Subsequently, the biased probes are moved to contact the rectangular aluminum electrodes of the PLEC to activate the device. An interesting phenomenon has been observed: in situelectrochemical doping is seen to originate from the previously doped regions that are isolated from the driving electrodes. By analyzing the complex doping patterns generated, it is concluded that the doped polymers have functioned as bipolar electrodes (BPEs), from which electrochemical p- or n-doping are induced wirelessly. In a separate planar cell of a smaller gap size, bipolar electrochemistry has been used to create five coupled and strongly emitting polymer p–n junctions. These results offer vivid visualization of the intriguing bipolar electrochemical phenomena in a solid-state polymer blend. The ability to form a BPE in situand in the form of a heavily doped polymer offers innovative ways to modify the doping profiles in molecular devices. The all-polymer BPE also expands the realm of bipolar electrochemistry to beyond that of a conventional liquid cell containing metal or carbon electrodes.

After implantation, complex and highly specialized molecular events render functionally distinct organ formation, whereas how the epigenome shapes organ-specific development remains to be fully elucidated. Here, nano-hmC-Seal, RNA bisulfite sequencing (RNA-BisSeq), and RNA sequencing (RNA-Seq) were performed, and the first multilayer landscapes of DNA 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC) and RNA 5-methylcytosine (m5C) epigenome were obtained in the heart, kidney, liver, and lung of the human foetuses at 13–28 weeks with 123 samples in total. We identified 70,091 and 503 organ-stage-specific differentially hydroxymethylated regions (DhMRs) and m5C-modified mRNAs, respectively. The key transcription factors (TFs), T-box transcription factor 20 (TBX20), paired box protein pax-8 (PAX8), krueppel-like factor 1 (KLF1), transcription factor 21 (TCF21), and CCAAT enhancer binding protein beta (CEBPB), specifically contribute to the formation of distinct organs at different stages. Additionally, 5hmC-enriched Alu elements may participate in the regulation of expression of TF-targeted genes. Our integrated studies revealed a putative essential link between DNA modification and RNA methylation, and illustrate the epigenetic maps during human foetal organogenesis, which provide a foundation for understanding the in-depth epigenetic mechanisms for early development and birth defects.

The compressive strength development process of recycled coarse aggregate concrete (RCAC) directly affects the safety of the engineering structures, which is an important research topic in the concrete mechanics. According to the statistics of the experimental results, the development mechanism principle of the compressive strength of RCAC gradually increasing with curing time was analyzed. The mathematical property was introduced to reveal the defects of the traditional hyperbolic model of the time-relative compressive strength (TRCS), and to point out that the mathematical nature of the ideal TRCS model should have. A new CES model was presented for TRCS. The mathematical analysis shows that the hyperbolic model is a special case of the CES model, and in another hand the CES model overcomes the defects of the hyperbolic model.

To elucidate the physiological mechanism of mulberry fruit ripening in protein level, differential proteome expression of mulberry fruits was analyzed by using 2-DE and mass spectrometry in different ripening stages, green ripe stage(G), half ripe stage(R) and pan ripe stage(P). A mulberry cultivator, “Da10” was used as experimental material. The results showed that separation of proteins with 2-DE were significantly improved by using phenol/SDS buffer for protein extraction. 441, 222, 328 protein spots were detected respectively in ripening stage G, R and P. Among them, differential expression of 31 proteins was more than 2-fold and 6 proteins were stage-specific expression. 8 differential proteins were identified by MALDI-TOF/TOF MS analysis and database search, which were photosynthesis related proteins (ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase activase and ribulose bisphosphate carboxylase small subunit), stress related protein (18kD winter accumulating protein), glucose metabolism related protein (cell wall invertase）and so on, suggesting that these proteins may play the specific physiological role in mulberry fruits ripening.

In this paper, the main problem is how to eliminate vibration came from the compressor base in petrochemical industry. The absolute transmissibility was calculated by building the compressor isolation system model. The spectrum information of compressor vibration was got through the vibration test, and the results can be acted as the condition for the isolator’s design. Isolators were designed with damping part connecting metal rubber with helical spring. Nonlinear simulation calculation was completed by finite element software. The results show that the maximum stress of isolator is about 494MPa and its maximum distortion is approximately 6mm. It verifies that the new-style isolator can satisfy vibration elimination of compressor. It is with wide-range rigidity and better capability of energy dissipation than that of general rubber isolator. It has a useful application and perspective on vibration elimination for the mechanical equipment in petrochemical industry.

The influence of pre-wetted time on strength of shale ceramsite concrete is studied.Microstructures of both cement paste and interfacial zone between aggregate and paste of concrete are observed by scanning electronic microscope (SEM). The results show that, if the pre-wetted time of the shale ceramsite increased, the decline degree of early strength of concrete will be greater than strength at a longer age, and the growth rate of concrete strength may obviously increase. The pore characteristics of concrete at different ages is examined. The change tendency of concrete strength at different ages is revealed from the point of view of microstructure.

To compare the change in waist circumference given the same degree of weight loss in patients who meet the criteria for metabolic syndrome or type 2 diabetes and those who do not. Since visceral adiposity, is a key feature of both conditions, we hypothesized that patients with metabolic syndrome or diabetes lose a greater amount of waist circumference given the same amount of weight loss compared to patients without these conditions.