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The purpose of this research is to understand the urban characteristics of Tama New Town and develop a disaster-resistant community that aligns with those characteristics. This paper reports on the implementation of a "resident questionnaire on disaster prevention consciousness" among residents around Tama University, based on the Resilience Assessment Grid (RAG) concept used in Resilience Engineering. The RAG defines the four capabilities of a resilient organization as "Resilient Local residents = Anticipating + Watch over (Monitoring) + Preparation (Responding) + Learning." We quantified the resilience potential of the community and found that Preparation (Responding) scored lower than the other items. Our findings can inform the design and management of a disaster-resistant community that is better prepared to anticipate, monitor, respond to, and learn from disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

On 21 April 2021, the General Court of the European Union in T-326/20 Bibita1 misconstrued Article 25(1)(d) of the Community Designs Regulation which applies where a conflict exists between a later Community design2 and a prior international design registration extended to the EU.3 The latter's application was filed earlier (28 September 2016) but published only on 31 March 2017, after the date of filing of the later Community design application (13 March 2017). The case sets an unfortunate precedent for the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the rapid development of urbanization, children's health has been becoming one of the most prominent problems in many countries, of which the lack of friendliness in urban is a main reason. This paper, takes Children's Participation Work Camp of Changsha 2050 and Fengquan Furui child-friendly community as an example, systematically summaries the research and design methods of Chinese Child-Friendly City (CFC), evaluates its generalizability, and puts forward that conducting a regular and continuous survey of Children's Drawing Camp and transforming public environment and establishing connections between community residents based on children focus are referencable ways for building CFC in China. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Critics have pointed at new technologies as culprits in the decline of civic life, neighboring and social capital construction in Western societies. When applied to community design and planning processes, technologies can empower residents to actively engage in decision-making, foster connections across social groups, with positive consequences on life and socialization in public spaces. What kind of participation do technologies foster? And is it the kind that bridges social and ideological divides? The 2012 community design process for Hawthorne Park in Medford, Oregon illustrates many of the challenges and opportunities connected to the use of new technologies in design. In the process, technologies were instrumental in enlisting a larger-than-usual number of residents to participate in the design of the park. Blogs and online questionnaires were successful in gathering people׳s thoughts on the design choices being made, but also favored a limited, intermittent form of engagement. The results are synthesized in principles for the successful integration of web-based technologies in future community design efforts: adaptability, full participation, nuanced participation and the need for links to the physical realm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses the territoriality and jurisdiction of the intellectual property (IP) law in the European Union (EU), focusing on the existing national rights relative to IP. It mentions that the national courts in the EU and the Court of Justice of the EU (CJEU) are of the called to review how national courts should address questions regarding the application of the EU principles of jurisdiction to such national intellectual property rights.

Highlights: [•] Focus groups were utilized to explore community preferences and satisfaction. [•] Natural amenities were a primary motivating force to move to this exurban area. [•] Development of a master-planned community may impact natural and built environments. [•] Moving services to a planned community can adversely impact those not living there. [•] Resident perceptions of a planned community can harm the area's social cohesion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: Urban dwellers perceive and respond affectively to the streetscape they live within everyday. Understanding the relationship between the visual elements and the aesthetic response that result from affective appraisal of the neighborhood becomes key to successful planning. This study investigates the underlying factors of community affective appraisal and identifies their predictive visual elements in the neighborhood of a Taiwanese suburban community. Consistent with previous findings, factor analysis reveals the two primary dimensions of affective appraisal to be pleasure and arousal. Various attributes of visual elements in the neighborhood, e.g. open space, buildings, community signage, trees, street furniture and pavement are significant predictors of affective appraisal factors. Specifically, the salience of trees and openness of open space may simultaneously induce pleasure and arousal, resulting in a positive emotion of high intensity. These findings shed light on the basis of residents’ affective appraisal of an established community and are instructive in the practice of community design. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: The roles of community design and parent and child perceptions of walkability to school are tested for associations with walking in three communities: a walkable new urbanist community, a mixed community (standard suburban community where the walk to school traversed part of the new urbanist community), and less walkable standard suburban community. Perceived environmental barriers to walking to school are measured and compared for fifth graders (n = 193) and their parents (n = 177). Results showed that children and parents often agreed on walking barriers, except an interaction showed that — in the less walkable community — parents perceived worse barriers than did their children. Perceptions of barriers increased from walkable, to mixed, to less walkable communities. Students walked more when they attended the school in the walkable community, they lived near school, parents and children perceived fewer barriers to walking, and children had lower BMI scores, net of demographic controls. Thus the walk to school is embedded within multiple types of supports, all of which should be addressed to encourage walking to school. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

This paper aims at showing the key issues underlying the requirements for protection of the community design. According to the Council Regulation (EC) No 6/2002, a design must satisfy two main conditions to be protected by a Community design: novelty and individual character. A further consideration is the requirement of visibility, but only when it comes to register component parts of a complex product. Three main types of subject matters are excluded from protection: first, a Community design cannot relate to characteristics of the appearance of a product that are exclusively dictated by its technical function; second, the situation referred to as "must fit" and "must match" cases and, third, a design applied to or incorporated in a component part of a complex product if the component part does not remain visible during the normal use of the complex product. Also, Community designs contrary to public policy or to accepted principles of morality are excluded from protection. One special interest of the paper is the recent jurisprudence of the community design courts in this field. A core element of the protection system is the role of the community court's jurisdiction in matters of community design. These are courts of Member States that have been designated by them as community courts, which have exclusive jurisdiction to decide on cases of breaches of rights of community designs. The evolving and contradictory decisions of the national instances implies that with respect to the evolution of a homogeneous case law on unified Community industrial property, the European Court of Justice has had and still has to fulfil its exclusive mission of informing national courts as to the direction, in which European Union law is to develop. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper reports on a pilot project to develop a 32-acre site made available by the City of Kampala for housing with the express purpose of promoting urban agriculture. Started in 2004 under the leadership of a city agronomist, with the aid of research teams from McGill University, Montreal, Makerere University, Kampala, and financial support from IDRC, the project is still ongoing. The process is one of participatory planning with the future residents, a group of mixed ethnicity and religions from all parts of the city, and includes training in house construction and agricultural techniques. Project implementation has been slower than anticipated due to unforeseen hazards such as mislaid title deeds, unavailability of government resources, communication shut-downs, the time required to transact business, acquire permissions, permits and the like, and most recently by the threat of a major power line from the Bujagali Falls to serve Kampala being thrust through the site. We nevertheless remain optimistic of ultimate success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Learning through action is a pedagogical method currently used in design-oriented professional schools such as architecture and planning. Grounded in real contexts and developed with local actors, community design projects can integrate learning, research and action in a participatory process. This paper examines two community design experiences developed within the framework of the UNESCO Growing Up in Cities program in Montreal, Canada, and Guadalajara, Mexico. Involving local university students as well as children from the neighborhoods, both projects resulted in design proposals for community outdoor spaces. These experiences offer evidence of the value of integrating children's participatory processes into the university context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on the study about the epitome of how sprawls impact on the urban community design. Sprawl appears to be a harmful feature of communities throughout the world but was given an inadvertent invitation by communities in the form of inappropriate land-use policies. Sprawl or land-consumptive pattern is becoming more global and its negative environmental effects such as pollution and the loss of natural resources are better understood. Sprawl development in the U.S. had created a change in individual lifestyles while health has been declining. Regulations regarding sprawl failed to help people understand the policy's implications for their town's future character.

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This article presents an abstract of a study on the significance of virtual communities to social interaction. Technology affects the interaction in a virtual community. The study highlights a specific feature within the software environment of LunarStorm, a popular online community among young people in Sweden.