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Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Contaduría y Administración is the property of Facultad de Contaduria y Administracion-Universidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Bitácora Urbano/Territorial is the property of Bitacora Urbano/Territorial and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Physical Education / Tiyu Xuekan is the property of Journal of Physical Education Editorial Office and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Two important research questions in this context include how these farmers were singled out in the local community, thus being known by potential borrowers and how returns obviously earned on money lending were invested and passed over generations including both sons and daughters. Even though the wealth of certain farmers did not frequently become visible as conspicuous consumption, such as in the upper classes or local clergy, the existence of their fortunes was reasonably well-known. This was depicted by the vicar in his personals on deceased parishioners, which may be regarded as an outcome of urbi-pagan inter-human encounters. The theoretical subject is a concrete understanding of the importance of this credit machinery for private capital accumulation in the countryside, long before the establishment of banks. The sources are probate, church and judicial records, which are used to follow up individuals within the same family represented by one line of lay assessors ("nämndemän") over four generations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Romanian Review of Private Law / Revista Română de Drept Privat is the property of Universul Juridic Publishing House and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de Historia Americana y Argentina is the property of Universidad Nacional de Cuyo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Cuadernos de Trabajo Social is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This essay is preoccupied with a notion that is often embraced in theatre and performance theory: that of the dramaturge as a flexible, in-between figure. Taking into consideration, however, the precarious working and living conditions that freelance dramaturgs are typically subjected to as well as the structural parallels between the flexible dramaturg and the ideal of the agile post-Fordist employee, the article sets out to critically investigate the concept of inbetween-ness. Theoretically, the essay draws on theory formations from theatre and performance theory on new dramaturgies as well as theories from political theory and performance theory concerning the precarious working conditions experienced by a majority of cultural workers today. Empirically, the essay builds on two surveys conducted amongst dramaturgs working in the field of Danish theatre and dance with a view to shedding light on their working conditions, particularly with regards to wages and credit policy. The data obtained in the two surveys is analysed and discussed against the background of the two theoretical strands laid out in the first part of the article. In conclusion, the article ventures the claim that if we wish to create sustainable working conditions for dramaturgs, especially those working on a freelance basis, we need to critically address not only their actual working conditions, but also the notions and concepts through which dramaturgs tend to self-identify. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Canadian Journal of Film Studies is the property of University of Toronto Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The relationship between developments in the banking sector and macroeconomic factors in country's economy has been the focus of both the economy and the banking literature. As a result of this; various research and sturies that investigate the effects on the banking sector have been done on economic performances of countries and financial developments. Because these reearch and studies are very important not only for the development of banking sector but also determining the principles of the strategies that will be developed the banking sector towards the future together with doing accurate prediction.By way of this thought, in this paper, the relationship between the periodic changes in the "credit/deposit ratio" (shortly CDR) of the banking sector and the periodic changes in macroeconomic parameters has been investigated in Turkey for the period 2002-2016. Deposits, Credits and CDR were mentioned in part II as a fact of Turkey's Banking Sector View. GDP, CPI, IPI, Export and Import were mentioned in part III as an elements of Turkey's Macroeconomic View. Data set and methodology were mentioned in part IV. According to the results obtained; we claim that in Turkey Banking Sector, the percentage change of credit to deposits ratio is affected by both the percentage change of import and the percentage change of CPI strongly, that is as imports increase in Turkey, the credit to deposit rate increases and similarly as CPI increase, the credit to deposit rate increases too. Moreover; we claim that Imports in Turkey are financed by bank credits. As imports increase, the need for bank credits are also increasing. We claim also that imports are not an increasing effects on savings in Turkey. Similarly; we claim that CPI must be reduced to increase savings. Otherwise; as inflation increases, the demand for credit will increase because there is a need for additional resources due to decrease of the purchasing ability of the existing assets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The relationship between developments in the banking sector and macroeconomic factors in country's economy has been the focus of both the economy and the banking literature. As a result of this; various research and sturies that investigate the effects on the banking sector have been done on economic performances of countries and financial developments. Because these reearch and studies are very important not only for the development of banking sector but also determining the principles of the strategies that will be developed the banking sector towards the future together with doing accurate prediction. By way of this thought, in this paper, the relationship between the periodic changes in the "credit/deposit ratio" (shortly CDR) of the banking sector and the periodic changes in macroeconomic parameters has been investigated in Turkey for the period 2002-2016. Deposits, Credits and CDR were mentioned in part II as a fact of Turkey's Banking Sector View. GDP, CPI, IPI, Export and Import were mentioned in part III as an elements of Turkey's Macroeconomic View. Data set and methodology were mentioned in part IV. According to the results obtained; we claim that in Turkey Banking Sector, the percentage change of credit to deposits ratio is affected by both the percentage change of import and the percentage change of CPI strongly, that is as imports increase in Turkey, the credit to deposit rate increases and similarly as CPI increase, the credit to deposit rate increases too. Moreover; we claim that Imports in Turkey are financed by bank credits. As imports increase, the need for bank credits are also increasing. We claim also that imports are not an increasing effects on savings in Turkey. Similarly; we claim that CPI must be reduced to increase savings. Otherwise; as inflation increases, the demand for credit will increase because there is a need for additional resources due to decrease of the purchasing ability of the existing assets. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Emerging alongside the open educational resources movement of the past decade, Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs) have been widely heralded as advancing cause of providing increased access to higher education. The article explores the implications of the recommendation by the American Council on Education (ACE) to offer college credit for a select group of MOOC offerings, with regard to benchmarks of access and affordability, in light of recent developments in credentialing. In particular, the article examines the innovative partnership between Arizona State University's Global Freshman Academy (GFA) and MOOC provider edX, with regard to its potential to both disrupt and transform higher education by contributing to the development of accessible, affordable, alternative credentialing pathways. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Usually, the influence factors that determine the territorial structure of insurances are included in indicators’ regional profile, indicators that define the demand and supply of such products, such as gross domestic product, the nominal average wage and the population – on one hand and own or associate distribution network (brokerage firms, banc assurance systems), on the other hand.Starting with the fact that many products of the insurance industry are purchased in the same “package” with credit institutions products, the present study aims to add up the usual benchmarks of insurance products territorial distribution analysis with elements that concern nongovernmental loan's regional structure. In this aspect we take in consideration a series of correspondences common in the practice of selling financial products, such as those between consumer credit and life insurance, between mortgage or real estate loans and property and goods insurances, between loans for car purchase and MTPL and CASCO insurances and, last but not least, between business loans and credit and surety ship insurances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper aims to determine the influence of accessing EU funds on credit to the agricultural sector. From the analysis, it was found that in the period analyzed EU funds exerted a great influence over the banking system, the share of loans to the agricultural sector in total loans from Romania has doubled. However, loans influence European funds as project beneficiaries are forced to turn to external sources for the co-financing due to reduced financial availability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article presents aspects of penal liability of persons who have a quality of circumstances in a company and abuse of company property or undertake illegally taken out loans in the name of and on this. The approach this topic is justified the dynamic of infringements of the rights of ownership of legal persons - commercial companies by persons who have a certain quality in the leadership and management, special quality in which committing crimes which are placed in economic and financial crime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, factors affecting the firm performance in Turkey are analyzed within the context of monetary transmission mechanism (MTM) providing evidence from the manufacturing sector. Impulse response estimates of Vector Autoregression (VAR) and Bayesian Vector Autoregression (BVAR) models reveal that GDP growth is a promising factor for the manufacturing sector, whereas inflationary shocks do not promote the sector since macroeconomic expectations are affected negatively. On the other hand, empirical exercise stresses that rises in interest rates lead to an increase in the manufacturing sector revenue through wealth effect, they also decrease the availability of bank loans which in turn hinder the growth of the sector. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Reinsurance is insurance an insurance company to another insurance company stronger financial terms, the total or partial disposal of an interest in risk and insurance primelede. Reinsurance is divided, disperse and homogenize risks in time and space, taking place a leveling liability insurance company for damage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Economic Trends & Economic Policy is the property of Institute of Economics, Zagreb and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Abstract: Mobile ad hoc networks rely on the cooperation of nodes for routing and forwarding. However, individual nodes may not always be willing to cooperate. In order thus to stimulate cooperation in ad hoc networks, several incentive mechanisms have been developed. In this paper we propose a new hybrid incentive mechanism, called ICARUS, which is an extension of DARWIN, a well-known reputation-based mechanism, combining advantages of both reputation-based and credit-based mechanisms. The objective of ICARUS is to detect and punish selfish nodes efficiently and at the same time motivate nodes to cooperate by rewarding the packet forwarding. Furthermore, ICARUS ensures fairness for distant nodes and prevents selfish nodes from corrupting the system using false information. The proposed scheme’s performance is tested through extended series of simulations and is compared with DARWIN. We show that ICARUS detects and isolates selfish nodes much faster, while at the same time improves the Quality of Service (QoS) received by non-selfish nodes, including distant ones. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

To make higher education in India more dynamic and responsive to a fast-developing society and its aspirations, there has been widespread recognition of a need for reform. Among the proposed changes, expert committees and the National Knowledge Commission have recommended the introduction of a credits and semester system starting in undergraduate education. Technical institutions and some universities have already adopted this system. The country's dental schools are beginning to consider such a change, which would bring them more into alignment with the structure of dental education in North America and many countries in other parts of the world. Since dental schools in most developed countries follow a quarter/semester system, there is much evidence of the merits of such a system for dental education. After providing an overview of the present curriculum structure of dental education in India and the national move toward reform, this article presents the case for a new credits and semester system for undergraduate dental education in India. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Chilena de Derecho is the property of Revista Chilena de Derecho and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Innovación Tecnológica is the property of Instituto de Informacion Cientifica y Tecnologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista de la Sociedad Química del Perú is the property of Sociedad Quimica del Peru and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The need of modernising the Romanian agriculture is presently, extremely high. It is sustained by the comparative analysis of the achieved performances (average output) in Romania versus the European ones. The paper comparatively evaluate the Romanian investments during the pre-adhesion period as well as the financing methods used, in order to give a realistic image on the measures that have to be taken in the future. The research method presumed the statistic analysis of the data from different national or European databases which lead to achieving the research objectives. Comparing to the situation observed at the European level, the results obtained show the fact that Romania invests much less on a agricultural used hectare. In these conditions, the existent technological gap cannot be overcome in the near future, and urgent actions must be taken in order to increase the investments effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Japanese personal income tax system has been designed to mitigate the tax burden by granting generous deductions and by employing a steep marginal tax curve. The failure of it is that the combined burden of tax and social-security contributions of low-income people has not been dealt with. The purposes of this article are two- fold: first, to show that the social-security burden is in fact higher than the tax liability for most of the working population, and second, to show that it is possible to mitigate the burden by introducing refundable tax credits. Results of micro-simulation using a survey of household income are presented to show the combined tax and social- security burden of families of various income classes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Europe should become the most competitive and dynamic knowledge-based economy in the world by 2010, while at the same time safeguarding social cohesion. In the field of education policy, this aim is being pursued by means of a comprehensive programme for the creation of a European Higher Education Area (EHEA) as part of the Bologna Process, and in the VET sector through the so-called Copenhagen Process. On the way towards an integrated European Higher Education Area in 2010, the European Commission's proposal for a European Qualifications Framework (EQF) offers opportunities on the one hand for increased mobility within the higher education sector, especially at European level and, on the other, for mobility or enhanced permeability between education sectors. Further development of the ECTS and ECVET credit systems from a function of transfer to one of accumulation, and from an input-based to an outcome-related orientation, should promote enhanced mobility of students, trainees, graduates and workers through the accreditation and recognition of acquired knowledge, skills and competences; it should also facilitate access to education and VET and the development of comprehensive continuing training which lasts an entire (working) year. It is against this background that the characteristics of, and interactions between, these instruments will be explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay explores homologies between the Tapestry and cinema, focusing on the opening title sequences of several films that cite the Bayeux Tapestry, including The Vikings; Robin Hood, Prince of Thieves; Bedknobs and Broomsticks; Blackadder; and La Chanson de Roland. The cinematic adaptation of a medieval artifact such as the Bayeux Tapestry suggests that history, whether located in the archive, museum, or movie medievalism, always has a more or less obscure and parodic flip side, and that history, written or cinematic, tells a narrative disturbed by uncanny hauntings and ghostly citations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sociologie du Travail is the property of Association pour le Developpement de la Sociologie du Travail and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the publication of legal documents in eighteenth-century Sweden. From 1738, the publication of such documents was no longer illegal, leading to intense activity among printers, mainly in Stockholm, and peaking in the 1770s. In this way, a large number of legal cases were exposed to the reading public. Very often, the lawsuits dealt with questions of property giving rise to conflicts within or between families. The Swedish legal documents were printed in their original form, ie they were not fundamentally revised. However, it is very clear that they were addressed to and adapted for the public. The article points to three distinctive characteristics of these texts. (i) The documents sometimes included dramatic dialogues and indecent details. (ii) The text was set so as to make it easy for the reader to locate the most spectacular parts. (iii) The publisher (who was the part who had lost the lawsuit) usually added commentaries in the form of preambles or footnotes, where he/she explicitly appealed to the public, urging it to side with the aggrieved party. The publication of legal documents made family life extremely accessible to the public, precisely at the time when marriage and family matters were increasingly regarded as highly private. The article argues that it was exactly this tension between private and public that made these texts so tantalising to readers, and that they constituted "a public sphere of scandals". Since some of these legal cases involved, or alluded to, well-known and highly placed men, they also attained a political subtext. In addition to this, the texts could relate to the ongoing debate about the need to reform credit legislation and bankruptcy law. In this debate, a disorganised credit market was seen as the symbol of a badly governed country. The published legal documents provided many examples of how unscrupulous men took advantage of their creditors. The increasing publicity surrounding lawsuits in general, and bankruptcies in particular, contributed to the construction of negative male stereotypes. The guilty debtor and the unreliable citizen (with whom these texts were preoccupied) were all conceived of as male. The article gives some examples of how aggrieved women could enter the stage and appeal to the public, through the print medium, by employing these negative male stereotypes when arguing their case. Finally, the results of the investigation are compared to those presented by Sarah Maza in 1993, arguing that essentially, the Swedish legal documents functioned in the same way as the French mémoires judiciaires. The article also concurs with Maza's view that this "public sphere of scandals" should be regarded as the origin of the Bürgerliche Öffentlichkeit, as discussed by Jürgen Habermas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]