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Simulated moving bed chromatography (SMB) is a proven and efficient separation tool for the complex separation needs of a variety of industries. On the basis of analysis on the SMB chromatographic separation, the appropriate indexes were selected to optimize and control the separation process. Taking the component purity and yield of extract and residual solution as prediction objects, the soft-sensor modeling was conducted based on online sequential extreme learning machine (OS-ELM), online sequential reduced kernel extreme learning machine (OS-RKELM) and regularized online sequential extreme learning machine (ReOS-ELM). The results show that different limit learning functions can effectively realize the accurate prediction of key economic and technical indexes, and can meet the real-time, efficient and robust operation of SMB chromatographic separation process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simulated Moving Bed (SMB) chromatography separation is an innovative technology that combines conventional fixed bed adsorption and true moving bed (TMB) chromatography separation techniques. Through analysis of the SMB chromatography isolation method, we have identified auxiliary variables for the soft-sensing model and key economic and technical indicators for the forecasting model. Our objective is to predict the component purity and yield of the elicit and residual solution in the SMB chromatographic separation process. To achieve this, we have utilized three different soft-sensing modeling methods: incremental extreme learning machine (I-ELM), inverse-free extreme learning machine (IF-ELM), and incremental regularized extreme learning machine (IR-ELM). Our simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness and accuracy of these ELM methods in predicting essential economic and technical gauges in the SMB chromatographic separation process. These methods enable instantaneous, optimized, and resilient operation of SMB chromatography separation. Overall, SMB chromatography separation represents an advanced technology that enhances traditional techniques, and our study highlights the efficacy of various ELM methods in predicting essential process indicators, thereby ensuring optimal operation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Squalene is a triterpenoid compound and widely used in various industries such as medicine and cosmetics due to its strong antioxidant and anticancer properties. The purpose of this study is to increase the accumulation of squalene in filamentous fungi using exogeneous butenafine hydrochloride, which is an inhibitor for squalene epoxidase. The detailed settings achieved that the filamentous fungi, Trichoderma virens PS1-7, produced squalene up to 429.93 ± 51.60 mg/L after culturing for 7 days in the medium consisting of potato infusion with glucose at pH 4.0, in the presence of 200 μm butenafine. On the other hand, no squalene accumulation was observed without butenafine. This result indicated that squalene was biosynthesized in the filamentous fungi PS1-7, which can be used as a novel source of squalene. In addition, we successfully obtained highly 13C-enriched squalene by using [U-13C6]-glucose as a carbon source replacing normal glucose. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The hydration-free energy of the Cu 2 + cation stands as a crucial parameter for comprehending its reactivity with various molecules. However, the existing literature lacks a definitive consensus on this value. To solve this problem, we use the cluster continuum model to evaluate this parameter accurately, requiring the determination of the energy potential of Cu 2 + (H 2 O) n clusters at different temperatures. Our project initiates with an exploration of structures, relative stabilities, infrared spectroscopy, binding energies, and clustering energies of hydrated Copper dication clusters, utilizing the MP2 ab initio method. We propose a unique fit function capable of precisely deriving binding and clustering energies per solvent molecule for the solvated Cu 2 + cation in water. Furthermore, we extend our findings to encompass ammonia as a solvent. The binding and clustering energies exhibit minimal changes showcasing remarkable consistency between water and ammonia as solvents. This saturation phenomenon allows us to understand the behavior of solvated ions. [Display omitted] • The potential energy surfaces are investigated for the Cu2+(H 2 O) n=1-10 clusters and are predicted as a function of temperature. • IR spectra confirms that the hydrated Cu2+ ion is tetra- and penta-coordinated as a function of temperature. • New values of the binding energies per water molecule at n = ∞ are predicted. • This function gives satisfactory results with Cu2+, Fe2+, Mg2+ and Mg+ions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to explore the difference in target vessel failure (TVF) 3 years after intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) guidance versus angiographic guidance among all comers undergoing second-generation drug-eluting stent (DES) implantation. The multicenter randomized ULTIMATE (Intravascular Ultrasound Guided Drug Eluting Stents Implantation in "All-Comers" Coronary Lesions) trial showed a lower incidence of 1-year TVF after IVUS-guided DES implantation among all comers compared with angiographic guidance. However, the 3-year clinical outcomes of the ULTIMATE trial remain unknown. A total of 1,448 all comers undergoing DES implantation who were randomly assigned to either IVUS guidance or angiographic guidance in the ULTIMATE trial were followed for 3 years. The primary endpoint was the risk for TVF at 3 years. The safety endpoint was definite or probable stent thrombosis (ST). At 3 years, TVF occurred in 47 patients (6.6%) in the IVUS-guided group and in 76 patients (10.7%) in the angiography-guided group (p = 0.01), driven mainly by the decrease in clinically driven target vessel revascularization (4.5% vs. 6.9%; p = 0.05). The rate of definite or probable ST was 0.1% in the IVUS-guided group and 1.1% in the angiography-guided group (p = 0.02). Notably, the IVUS-defined optimal procedure was associated with a significant reduction in 3-year TVF relative to that with the suboptimal procedure. IVUS-guided DES implantation was associated with significantly lower rates of TVF and ST during 3-year follow-up among all comers, particularly those who underwent the IVUS-defined optimal procedure compared with those with angiographic guidance. (Intravascular Ultrasound Guided Drug Eluting Stents Implantation in "All-Comers" Coronary Lesions; NCT02215915) [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to investigate the biological characteristics and functions of a Trichinella spiralis serine proteinase (TsSerp) during larval invasion and development in the host. The full-length TsSerp cDNA sequence was cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21. The results of RT-PCR, IFA and western blotting analyses showed that TsSerp was a secretory protein that was highly expressed at the T. spiralis intestinal infective larva and muscle larva stages and primarily located at the cuticle, stichosome and intrauterine embryos of the parasite. rTsSerp promoted the larval invasion of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) and the enteric mucosa, whereas an anti-rTsSerp antibody impeded larval invasion; the promotion and obstruction roles were dose-dependently related to rTsSerp and the anti-rTsSerp antibodies, respectively. Vaccination of mice with rTsSerp elicited a remarkable humoral immune response (high levels of serum IgG, IgG1/IgG2a, IgE and IgM), and it also triggered both systemic (spleen) and local intestinal mucosal mesenteric lymph node (MLN) cellular immune responses, as demonstrated by a significant elevation in Th1 cytokines (IFN-γ) and Th2 cytokines (IL-4) after the spleen and MLN cells from vaccinated mice were stimulated with rTsSerp. Anti-TsSerp antibodies participated in the killing and destruction of newborn larvae via ADCC. The mice vaccinated with rTsSerp exhibited a 48.7% reduction in intestinal adult worms and a 52.5% reduction in muscle larvae. These results indicated that TsSerp participates in T. spiralis invasion and development in the host and might be considered a potential candidate target antigen to develop oral polyvalent preventive vaccines against Trichinella infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Infection‑induced inflammatory response might be aggravated by surgery insults. The clinical presentation of Surgical Intensive Care Unit (SICU) patients might be different from medical critically ill patients. Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic values of procalcitonin (PCT) to predict bacterial infection in SICU patients. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the 2‑year (2013 and 2014) records of 342 adult SICU cases with suspected bacterial infection in SICU of Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital. The past histories, the first infection‑related parameters when SICU admission, culture results, infection‑related laboratory examinations, and outcomes were collected. Results: Median of PCT level in patients with negative and any positive culture was 0.84 (interquartile range [IQR] 0.18–6.21) and 2.27 (IQR 0.54–9.93) ng/ml, respectively. Infection from blood, urine, and skin/soft tissue elicited significantly higher PCT levels. PCT in receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve demonstrated the most accurate to predict bacterial infection (area under the ROC curve [AUC]: 0.61; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.54–0.63) and bacteremia (AUC: 0.73; 95% CI: 0.66–0.80) compared to white blood cell count, ratio of neutrophils, and neutrophil‑to‑lymphocyte count ratio (NLCR). Significantly higher PCT levels (4.12 ng/ml, 1.12–19.99; median, IQR) were observed in mortality cases. Higher PCT levels were significantly accompanied with higher NLCR, as well as higher incidence of leukopenia and bandemia. Using Kaplan–Meier analysis, significantly higher intrahospital mortality was observed in cases with above the cutoff PCT levels of 0.5 and 2 ng/ml cases, respectively. Conclusion: PCT is a relatively more useful tool to predict bacterial and particularly bloodstream infection compared to other infection‑related parameters in routinely clinical practice. Initial PCT levels may be a prognostic factor of SICU patients with bacterial infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) is a rare inherited disease whose morbidity is about 1:75,000 to 1:200,000. It is caused by the deficiency of porphyrin ferrochelatase (FECH). Liver involvement in EPP is even rarer. The diagnosis of EPP with liver involvement mainly relies on clinical manifestations, laboratory examinations, histopathological examinations and genetic testing, which is still a huge challenge for both clinicians and pathologists. Here, 5 cases of EPP with liver injury were collected, and the clinicopathological features of these patients were analyzed. The clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations varied from person to person, whereas the liver biopsies showed that there were dark brown deposits within the hepatocytes, Kupffer cells, bile canaliculi and the lumen of bile ducts, which was a constant finding by histopathological examination. Gene tests were conducted in two of the five cases, and the results confirmed the diagnosis. Fully understanding of the diseases can help us reduce the rate of missed diagnosis and provide proper treatment as early as possible. [Display omitted] • Erythropoietic protoporphyria (EPP) with liver involvement is a rare inherited disease. • The clinical manifestations and laboratory examinations of EPP vary from person to person. • Dark brown deposits within the liver are the constant histopathological finding. • Protoporphyrin crystals give rise to a "Maltese" cross under polarized light microscopy. • Liver biopsy and/or gene test are recommended in diagnosing EPP with liver injury. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper introduces a novel feature matching algorithm using both Image interpolating method and edge detecting method to make feature matching more precise. The proposed feature matching is composed of four elements: inputting data, interpolating method, features extracting and matching. At first, the tasks in human anatomy and the method to input slices data are introduced. Secondly, we propose a novel slices matching using image interpolating method and edge detecting method. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed approach owns the properties both quickly and exactly. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Abstract: Chemical reaction(ACR) optimization algorithm invented recently by Bilal Alatas is a heuristics algorithm. However, there is still an insufficiency in ACR algorithm regarding its solution search equation, which is good at exploration but poor at exploitation. Inspired by Particle swarm optimization, we propose an improved ACR algorithm called gbest-guided ACR (GACR) algorithm by incorporating the information of global best (gbest) solution into the solution search equation to improve the exploitation. The experimental results tested on a set of numerical benchmark functions show that GACR algorithm can outperform ACR algorithm in most of the experiments [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A high speed waveguide photodetector (WGPD) integrated with a light input tapered SiOx facet that has high efficiency bandwidth product characteristics has been developed using the regrowth-free approach. This approach with monolithic integration is compared with standard processes. The typical excessive surface leakage current density was suppressed by more than 1 order of magnitude (from 115 to 7.4 mA/cm2 at -5 V), and the responsivity was increased from 0.4 to 0.75 A/W. The 7 μm oxide surrounding the WGPDs can be regarded as a SiOx waveguide in front of the absorption-region aperture and as a dielectric bonding pad capacitance. The proposed WGPD has a 3 dB bandwidth of 17 GHz with a responsivity of 0.75 A/W at a wavelength of 1.3 μm under 132.5 μW illuminations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: In order to ensure the lower working face safety production under Wongawilli mining area pillars in shallow close distance coal seams in Bulianta coalmine, the influence of Wongawilli coal pillars’ stability in upper coal seam on lower working face is studied by three-dimensional simulation and field measurement. The results of finite element software FLAC3D shows that, the maximal vertical stress in Wongawilli coal pillars is 32 MPa, and the stress concentration factor is 4.8, but the pillars in Wongawilli mining area are stable. The results of on-site surface subsidence and rock pressure appearance shows that, the surface subsidence value corresponding to Wongawilli coal pillars is much less than old gob area, and the rock pressure appearance of mining face is always normal, so the result indicates that Wongawilli coal pillars are not unstable and the safety of extraction of 32301 working face is ensured. The research achievement would provide technique support for safety mining under similar condition in Shendong mining district. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

The robust H∞ control problem is considered for a class of uncertain neutral system involving both state and control input time-varying delays. The uncertainties under consideration are nonlinear time-varying parameter perturbations. The methodology is based on the Lyapunov functional combined with a unified LMI approach, and a new delay-dependent criterion is proposed to guarantee the stabilization and disturbance attenuation of systems. Moreover, a convex optimization approach is used to solve the robust H∞ control disturbance attenuation problem. Finally, a numerical example is illustrated to show the validity of this paper. The simulation results reveal significant improvement over the recent results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]