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The components and structures of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) are critical for stable cycling of lithium metal batteries (LMBs). LiF has been widely studied as the dominant component of SEI, but Li2O, which has a much lower diffusion barrier for Li+, has rarely been investigated as the dominant component of SEI. The effect of Li2O-dominated SEI on electrochemical performance still remains elusive. Herein, an ultrastrong coordinated cosolvation diluent, 2,3-difluoroethoxybenzene (DFEB), is designed to modulate solvation structure and tailor Li2O-dominated SEI for stable LMBs. In the DFEB-based LHCE (DFEB-LHCE), DFEB intensively participates in the first solvation shell and synergizes with FSI–to tailor an Li2O-dominated inorganic-rich SEI which is different from the LiF-dominated SEI formed in conventional LHCE. Benefiting from this special SEI architecture, a high Coulombicefficiency (CE) of 99.58% in Li||Cu half cells, stable voltage profiles, and dense and uniform lithium deposition, as well as effective inhibition of Li dendrite formation in the symmetrical cell, are achieved. More importantly, the DFEB-LHCE can be matched with various cathodes such as LFP, NCM811, and S cathodes, and the Li||LFP full cell using DFEB-LHCE possesses 85% capacity retention after 650 stable cycles with 99.9% CE. Especially the 1.5 Ah practical lithium metal pouch cell achieves an excellent capacity retention of 89% after 250 cycles with a superb average CE of 99.93%. This work unravels the superiority of the Li2O-dominated SEI and the feasibility of tailoring SEI components through modulation of solvation structures.

Solid-state lithium batteries with solid polymer electrolytes have recently attracted extensive attention due to their promising potential in high energy density and safety. However, the principal issues plaguing the solid polymer electrolytes are their restricted ionic conductivities at ambient temperature and the limited tolerance to the widely used high-voltage cathodes (such as LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2, NCM811), thus limiting their practical applications seriously. In this regard, a superior polymer-in-salt solid electrolyte from poly(caprolactone)-graft-polyrotaxane (PGPE) is developed for high-voltage lithium batteries operated at room temperature. The PGPE displays remarkable electrochemical properties at room temperature, with an exceptional ionic conductivity of 4.89 × 10–4S cm–1and a lithium-ion transference number of approximately 0.64, stemming from the rapid segmental motions of PCL sidechains by the enhanced dynamics of the cyclic molecules along the axial polymer chain of polyrotaxane. More importantly, the PGPE demonstrates a high electrochemical oxidation voltage of ∼4.7 V, suggesting the excellent electrochemical stability of PGPE against the NCM811-based cathode. Owing to the dense LiF-rich CEI self-generated on the NCM811 particles in the cathode, the transition metal ion diffusion is successfully constrained and the PGPE is well protected from continuous decomposition. The PGPE also shows superior interfacial stability between the metallic Li and the electrolyte. As a result, the all-solid-state NCM811|PGPE|Li cell exhibits superior discharge capacity (196 mAh g–1) and extraordinary long-term cycling stability (74% capacity retention at 150 cycles) at 30 °C.

Lithium metal is widely regarded as the “ultimate” anode for energy-dense Li batteries, but its high reactivity and delicate interface make it prone to dendrite formation, limiting its practical use. Inspired by self-assembled monolayers on metal surfaces, we propose a facile yet effective strategy to stabilize Li metal anodes by creating an artificial solid electrolyte interphase (SEI). Our method involves dip-coating Li metal in MPDMS to create an SEI layer that is rich in inorganic components, allowing uniform Li plating/stripping under a low overpotential over 500 cycles in carbonate electrolytes. In comparison, pristine Li metal shows a rapid increase in overpotential after merely 300 cycles, leading to failure soon after. Molecular dynamics simulations demonstrate that this uniform artificial SEI suppresses Li dendrite formation. We further demonstrated its enhanced stability pairing with LiFePO4and LiNi1–x–yCoxMnyO2cathodes, highlighting the proposed strategy as a promising solution for practical Li metal batteries.

The synergetic effect between ternary PtCoNi IMC NPs and the Co-Ny/Ni-Nzdual active centers results in the outstanding activity and stability of the catalyst towards ORR.

Here we present an innovative, universal, scalable, and straightforward strategy for cultivating a resilient, flexible lithium-ion battery (LIB) based on the bacterial-based self-growing approach. The electrodes and separator layers are integrated intrinsically into one unity of sandwich bacterial cellulose integrated film (SBCIF), with various active material combinations and tailored mechanical properties. The flexible LIB thereof showcases prominent deformation tolerance and multistage foldability due to the unique self-generated wavy-like structure. The LTO|LFP (Li4Ti5O12and LiFePO4) SBCIF-based flexible LIB demonstrates reliable long-term electrochemical stability with high flexibility, by exhibiting a high capacity retention (>95%) after 500 cycles at 1C/1C after experiencing a 10 000 bending/flattening treatment. The LTO|LFP SBCIF battery subjected to a simultaneous bending/flattening and cycling experiment shows an extraordinary capacity retention rate (>68%) after 200 cycles at 1C/1C. The biobased self-growing approach offers an exciting and promising pathway toward the tailored, integrated high-performance flexible LIBs.

Further application of electric vehicles (EVs) in frigid regions is hindered by the diminished performance of lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) at sub-zero temperatures. Developing efficient heat preservation strategies has significant implications for the broad application of EVs and LIBs. This study focuses on passive heat preservation strategies (PHPS) for battery packs in frigid environments (−30 °C). A validated 3D battery pack heat preservation model integrated with airflow is constructed in this paper, and the model analysis results indicate that arranging aerogels at the pack level provides superior heat preservation compared to cell and module levels. Additionally, the influence of flow field distribution (FFD) schemes on heat preservation performance is discovered. Both experimental and simulation results confirm that the proposed scheme can optimize the cooling rate to about 2.3 °C/h. Commencing from an initial temperature of 30 °C, extending the battery pack retention time above 0 °C to over 12 h under −30 °C can significantly expand the application of electric vehicles in frigid regions. This paper explores the primary factors affecting the heat dissipation of battery packs in the frigid temperature environment, which have great significance in guiding the heat preservation design of battery systems.

As a promising high energy density electrode material for rechargeable batteries, lithium (Li) metal is still suffering from air/water instability due to its highly reactive nature. In addition, the Li dendrite issue in Li metal batteries needs to be resolved to ensure the safety of batteries and for wide applications. Herein, we demonstrate that a simple compact GaOxlayer formed using liquid metal (LM) can act as an artificial solid electrolyte interphase to block moisture and oxygen in the air from corroding the lithium metal. Interestingly, GaOxthat covered the electrode effectively inhibits Li dendrite growth in electrochemistry cycling, ensuring the safety of Li metal batteries. The exposed composite Li metal anode (exposed under ambient air with relative humidity (RA) ≈ 75% for 5 h) not only shows a superior stability (symmetrical cell) but also delivers an elevated cycling stability (>500 cycles at 0.5 and 1 C) with a sulfur@C cathode in the full-cell configuration. Our work provides a new pathway for the large-scale applications of the air/water-tolerant Li metal anode in rechargeable batteries.

In this study, a novel aqueous polymeric binder is developed to suppress the shuttle effect of polysulfides and enhance the electrochemical performance of Li–S batteries.

Electrolyte design strategies are closely related to the capacities, cycle life and safety of sodium–ion batteries. In this study, we aimed to optimize electrolyte with the focus on engineering aspects. The basic physicochemical properties including ionic conductivity, viscosity, wettability and thermochemical stability of the electrolytes using NaPF6as the solute and the mixed solvent with different components of EMC, DMC or DEC in PC or EC were systematically measured. Ah pouch cell with NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2/hard carbon electrodes was used to evaluate the performance of the prepared electrolytes. By using the Inductive Coupled Plasma Emission Spectrometer (ICP), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Thermogravimetric-differential scanning calorimetry (TG-DSC) and Accelerating Rate Calorimeter (ARC), we show that an optimized electrolyte can effectively promote the formation of a protective interfacial layer on two electrodes, which not only retards parasitic reactions between the electrodes and electrolyte but also suppresses dissolution of metal ions from the cathode. With an optimized electrolyte, a NaNi1/3Fe1/3Mn1/3O2/hard carbon cell can attain 56.16% capacity retention under the low temperature of −40 °C, and can be able to retain 80% capacity retention after more than 2500 cycles while presenting excellent thermal safety.

Lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs) have drawn tremendous attention for their superior theoretical energy density. Nevertheless, the “shuttle effect” originating from the dissolution and migration of lithium polysulfide (LiPS) in electrolytes limits the cycling stability of LSBs. To deal with this challenge, a biopolymer network PPG with a three-dimensional (3D) cross-linked structure, on the basis of guar gum (GG), phytic acid (PA), and soy protein isolate (SPI), has been explored as a cathode binder for LSBs. The robust adsorption ability to capture LiPS presented by the PPG binder has been demonstrated through the ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) measurement and further been certified by calculation with the density functional theory (DFT). Its outstanding mechanical and adhesion performance is also beneficial to sustain the integrality of sulfur electrodes during the cycle life test. PPG binder-based LSBs exhibit significant promotion in prolonged cycling tests with a 79.7% capacity retention after 700 cycles at 1 C. The capacity of PPG binder-based LSBs can still maintain 933.6 mAh g–1(at 0.1 C) after 50 cycles even with a high sulfur mass loading of 4.9 mg cm–2. This result demonstrates the significance of a natural polymer in the design of a binder for a sulfur cathode to achieve LSBs with splendid cycling performance.

Photocatalytic conversion of polyols to value-added products is of great interest for the utilization of biomass as a chemical feedstock. Current research focuses on boosting the reaction rate and selectivity by employing metal nanoparticles (NPs) as charge separators and cocatalysts. However, the promotional role of metal NPs in such photocatalytic processes still remains unclear because of the lack of mechanistic understanding. Here, we have explored the role of supported Pd and Au NPs on TiO2in photocatalytic glycerol conversion under water-free, deaerated conditions by in situspectroscopic methods. While the presence of Au NPs only results in partial conversion of glycerol at a low rate, Pd decoration promotes glycerol oxidation to a much higher conversion. In situmass and vibrational spectrometry reveals that Pd/TiO2exhibits faster cleavage of O–H and C–H bonds in both glycerol and the derived intermediates as compared to Au/TiO2, thus leading to a higher glycerol conversion accompanied by the formation of additional molecular hydrogen. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy suggests that the preferential adsorption of glycerol on the surface of Pd viahydroxyl groups results in an enhanced interfacial charge transfer, thus yielding a better photocatalytic activity.

High-mass-loading electrodes with long-term stability have long been a great challenge for lithium–sulfur batteries (LSBs), since the conventional binders are unable to cope with the shuttling of lithium polysulfides and the structural damage in an electrode. Here, a novel water-based polymer, polyphosphate acid cross-linked chitosan ethylamide carbamide (PACEC), is developed as a binder to construct high-energy-density sulfur cathode and flexible LSBs. With a dual-cross-linked network, the PACEC shows excellent affinity with lithium polysulfides to relieve the shuttle effect and robust mechanical properties to stabilize the electrode. The sulfur cathode based on PACEC demonstrates a high sulfur loading of 14.8 mg cm–2, the areal initial capacity of 17.5 mAh cm–2, and Coulombic efficiency of 99.3%, while the amount of electrolyte is strictly limited to 6 μL mg–1. More importantly, a robust pouch cell with an area of 6 cm2and only 177% oversized lithium can successfully integrate the energy density of 6.5 mAh cm–2with the cycling retention per cycle of 99.74% during 270 cycles and flexibility at a curvature of 3 mm. This study provides inspirations for the design of eco-friendly polymer binders and paving new ways for the development of LSBs.

Solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) is crucial for suppressing Li dendrite growth in high-energy lithium metal (LiM) batteries. Unfortunately, the naturally formed SEI on the LiM anode surface in carbonate electrolytes cannot suppress Li dendrites, resulting in a continuous consumption of electrolytes and LiM during cycling. Artificial SEI normally lacks self-healing and self-regulating capability, gradually losing the effectiveness during cycling. In this work, we report the self-regulating phenomenon of LiRAP-ASEI that can effectively suppress Li dendrites and is investigated using in situ optical microscopy and COMSOL multiphysics simulation. The effectiveness of self-regulated LiRAP-ASEI is further evaluated in the most aggressive Li/sulfur cells with a lean electrolyte (10 μL mAh–1) and LiRAP-ASEI/LiM (2.5-fold excess of LiM). The LiRAP@Cu∥sulfur@C cells show a stable 3000 cycle life at a current density of 11.5 mA cm–2. The self-regulated phenomenon holds great promise for the development of high-energy-density LMBs.

Three-dimensional (3D) lithiophilic host is one of the most effective ways to regulate the Li dendrites and volume change in working Li metal anode. The state-of-the-art 3D lithiophilic hosts are facing one main challenge in that the lithiophilic layer would melt or fall off in high-temperature environment when using the thermal infusion method. Herein, a 3D porous CuZn alloy host containing anchored lithiophilic Zn sites is employed to prestore Li using the thermal infusion strategy, and a 3D composite Li is thus fabricated. Benefiting from the lithiophilic Zn sites with a strong adsorption capacity with Li, which is based on the analyses of the nucleation overpotential, binding energy calculation, and the operando optical observation of Li plating/stripping behaviors, facile uniform Li nucleation and dendrite-free Li deposition could be achieved in the interior of the 3D porous CuZn alloy host and the 3D composite Li shows remarkable enhancement in electrochemical performance.

Electrolytes in modern Li ion batteries (LIBs) rely on additives of various structures to generate key interphasial chemistries needed for desired performances, although how these additives operate in battery environments remains little understood. Meanwhile, these traditional additives face increasing challenges from emerging battery chemistries, especially those based on the nickel cathode (Ni ≥ 50%) or the metallic lithium anode. In this work, we report a new additive structure with the highest unsaturation degree known so far along with the in-depth understanding of its breakdown mechanism on those aggressive electrode surfaces. Tripropargyl phosphate (TPP) containing three carbon–carbon triple bonds was found to form dense and protective interphases on both NMC532 cathode as well as graphitic and metallic lithium anodes, leading to significant improvements in performances of both LIBs and lithium metal batteries (LMBs). Comprehensive characterizations together with calculations reveal how the unsaturation functionalities of TPP interact with these electrode chemistries and establish interphases that inhibit gas generation, suppress lithium dendrite growth, and prevent transition metal ion dissolution and deposition on the anode surface. The correlation established among the additive structure, interphasial chemistries, and cell performance will doubtlessly guide us in designing the electrolytes with atomistic precision for future battery chemistries.

In many applications, especially electrical submersible pump required remote operation of inverter via a long motor cable. The conventional control algorithm of induction motor (IM) didn’t operate effectively, which ignored the influence of the cable length, and didn’t consider the effect of long cable distribution parameters. A speed sensor technique was also difficult to achieve. In this paper, an improved speed sensorless vector control algorithm (ISSVCA) for IM based on long cable was proposed. Based on the analysis of long cable motor drive system of the inverter, the two-port πnetwork model of the long cable was established. The functional relationship between the voltage/current parameters of the two ports of the long cable and the cable distribution parameters was deduced. The function expression was transformed to the α− β stationary reference frame, the accurate motor terminal voltage/current was calculated, so that the flux model was constructed to realize the observation of the flux, accurate velocity identification, and closed-loop control of the torque, flux and current. Simulation and experimental results showed that the proposed ISSVCA based on long cable increased the starting electromagnetic torque, decreased speed dip and speed recovery time caused by sudden loads, reduced the DC current harmonics, and had good dynamic and static characteristics.

Nitrogen-doped carbon anode materials have been prepared by a hard-template (SiO2 nanoparticles) method, in which alkali lignin-derived azo polymer (AL-azo-NO2) was used as a low-cost carbon precursor. The as-prepared N-doped carbon materials show a honeycomb-like morphology with uniform nanopores. These materials are able to reversibly insert Na+ ions and show promising cycling performance. In particular, the porous carbon material with larger surface area and pore volume delivers a higher initial capacity of 205 mAh g[?]1 in the voltage range of 0.01-2 V at 50 mA g[?]1, compared to the material with lower surface area and pore volume (only 155 mAh g[?]1). The former also exhibits much better rate capability than the latter. Even at a high current density of 1 A g[?]1, it shows a high specific capacity of 101 mAh g[?]1 after 1100 cycles, which retains 92% of its initial capacity. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) results prove that the enhanced electrochemical performance is attributed to the improved Na+-ions kinetics in this material. This work presents an alternative approach for the synthesis of high-rate carbonaceous anode materials for sodium ion batteries from low cost and sustainable feedstock.

The invention of the saddle substantially improved horseback-riding, which not only revolutionized warfare, but also eased long-distance speedy movement across Eurasia. Here we present the first detailed construction analysis and absolute age determination of a well-preserved soft leather saddle recovered from the tomb of a female deceased at the Yanghai cemetery site in the Turfan Basin at the eastern end of the Tian Shan mountains. Compared with the oldest known saddle from the Scythian Pazyryk culture site Tuekta barrow no. 1 (430–420 BCE) in north-western Altai, the Yanghai specimen radiocarbon dated to 727–396 BCE (95.4% probability range) is contemporaneous or possibly older. The saddle features the basic elements of soft saddle construction that are still used today: two stuffed, wing-shaped hides sewn together along the outer edges and separated by a central gullet-like spacer and lens-shaped support elements, resembling knee and thigh rolls of modern saddles. Being a masterful piece of leather- and needlework, it is, however, less complex compared to Scythian saddles from the 5th–3rd centuries BCE. Another specimen from nearby Subeixi site, which is also described in detail for the first time in the present study, much closer resembles the Pazyryk saddles in shape, size and structure. In Yanghai, equestrian paraphernalia appear in the grave assemblages during the entire burial period (ca. 1300 BCE to 200 CE), although in higher numbers only from ca. 300 BCE. In the same way, the burial of horses was not common until then. Despite the generally very good preservation of leather, only two saddles were discovered in Yanghai which makes them an exception rather than the norm and raises the question of whether these saddles were acquired from more specialized horse breeders, riders, and saddlers in the North.

Silicon is a promising candidate for negative electrodes due to its high theoretical specific capacity (~ 3579 mA h g−1) and low lithiation potential (~ 0.40 V vs. Li). However, its practical applications in battery have been inhibited by the large volume change (~ 400%) induced by Li+-insertion into Si lattices. Here, we attempt to resolve this issue at a fundamental level, and report for the first time a novel liquid metal (LM)-mediated spontaneous repairing conductive-additive-free Si anode for Li-ion battery. The fluidity of LM ensures the eternal contact between Si and the conducting-network during its repeated electrochemical reactions. The as-prepared nano-composite of LM/Si leads to superior performances as characterized by high capacity utilization (2300 mA h g−1at 500 mA g−1), long-term stability (968 mA h g−1after 1500 charge-discharge cycles at 8 A g−1with 81.3% retention), high rate capability (360 mA h g−1at 20 A g−1, equivalence of 55 C, or full charge/discharge in 65 s), and, in particular, an extra-ordinarily high initial coulombic efficiency (95.92%), which is not only the highest reported for Si to the best of our knowledge, but also higher than the mature graphitic carbon anodes. The unique approach described in this work not only resolves the basic stress challenges faced by the promising but often problematic alloy-type materials; in broader context it also provides a universal inspiration to all electrode materials whose electric properties suffer from extreme mechanic upheavals induced by the electrochemical strains during the cell reactions.

Alkali and alkaline ion substitutions enhance the electrochemical properties of P2 sodium layered oxide, while the effect on electrochemical property enhancement of alkali and alkaline ions co-substitution is still unclear. In this work, the structural and electrochemical properties of the Li alkali and Mg alkaline ions co-substituted P2 layered oxide Na0.67(Li0.5Mg0.5)0.1(Ni0.33Mn0.67)0.9O2are investigated in detail. Compared to the pristine and single-ion substituted materials, the co-substituted material shows an enhanced cycling performance with a reversible capacity of 127 mAh/g and a capacity retention of 75% over 100 cycles at 0.5C. Galvanostatic intermittent titration technique (GITT) and cyclic voltammetry (CV) results show that the Li and Mg synergistically improve the ion diffusion. Moreover, the structure stability is also improved by the Li and Mg co-substitution that is clarified by operando X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements. These results explain the origin of the enhanced electrochemical properties of the Li/Mg co-substituted P2 layered oxides for sodium ion batteries.

We report here an intriguing hybrid conductive hydrogel as electrode for high-performance flexible supercapacitor. The key is using a rationally designed water-soluble ABA triblock copolymer (termed as IAOAI) containing a central poly(ethylene oxide) block (A) and terminal poly(acrylamide) (PAAm) block with aniline moieties randomly incorporated (B), which was synthesized by reversible additional fragment transfer polymerization. The subsequent copolymerization of aniline monomers with the terminated aniline moieties on the IAOAI polymer generates a three-dimensional cross-linking hybrid network. The hybrid hydrogel electrode demonstrates robust mechanical flexibility, remarkable electrochemical capacitance (919 F/g), and cyclic stability (90% capacitance retention after 1000 cycles). Moreover, the flexible supercapacitor based on this hybrid hydrogel electrode presents a large specific capacitance (187 F/g), superior to most reported conductive hydrogel-based supercapacitors. With the demonstrated additional favorable cyclic stability and excellent capacitive and rate performance, this hybrid hydrogel-based supercapacitor holds great promise for flexible energy-storage device.

Here we have obtained a temperature responsive melamine sponge with a controllable wettability between superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity by grafting the octadecyltrichlorosilane and thermoresponsive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAAm) onto the surface of melamine sponge skeletons. The whole process included the silanization in which step the rough surface with low surface energy and the NH2were provided, and the atom transfer radical polymerization which ensured the successful grafting of PNIPAAm onto the skeleton’s surface. The product exhibits a good reversible switch between superhydrophilicity and superhydrophobicity by changing the temperature below or above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST, about 32 °C) of PNIPAAm, and the modified sponge still retains a good responsiveness after undergoing two temperature switches for 20 cycles. Simultaneously, the functionalized sponges could be used to absorb the oil under water at 37 °C, and they released the absorbed oil in various ways under water at 20 °C, showing wide potential applications including oil/water separation.

TTME plays a proactive role in the formation of the primary solvation shell and potentially contributes to a double-layer SEI, resulting in good high-voltage Li metal batteries cycling.

A key issue in the development of lithium ion batteries (LIBs) is the stability of the electrolyte, especially at high temperature. This research compares three electrolyte solvents with different cyclic carbonate structures, i.e.ethylene carbonate (EC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and difluoroethylene carbonate (DFEC) to investigate their effect on the performance of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2/artificial graphite lithium ion pouch cells at high temperature. The results point out that DFEC is the most effective solvent in preventing interfacial impedance growth and electrolyte decomposition, and improving cycling performance, with capacity retention of 85 % after cycling 500 times at 45 °C. Comprehensive characterizations reveal that DFEC forms effective interphases with high thermal stability on both cathode and anode. This work highlights the important role of DFEC in electrolyte formulations for high−energy−density LIBs at elevated temperature.

We report a facile method to synthesize Fe3O4@polydopamine (PDA)-Ag core–shell microspheres. Ag nanoparticles (NPs) are deposited on PDA surfaces via in situreduction by mussel-inspired PDA layers. High catalytic activity and fast adsorption of a model dye methylene blue (MB) at different pH values are achieved mainly due to the presence of monodisperse Ag NPs and electrostatic interactions between PDA and MB. The as-prepared Fe3O4@PDA-Ag microspheres also show high cyclic stability (>27 cycles), good acid stability, and fast regeneration ability, which can be achieved efficiently within several minutes by using NaBH4as the desorption agent, showing great potentials in a wide range of applications.

The lithium metal battery with solid-state polymer electrolyte (SPE) is a promising candidate for solid-state batteries with high safety and high energy density. However, the low room temperature ionic conductivity and poor electrolyte/electrode interfacial stability of the SPEs seriously hinder the practical application. Herein, we adopt a polymer-in-salt electrolyte (PISE) strategy on the comb-like polycaprolactone (PCL) to circumvent the low ionic conductivity and poor interfacial stability of the conventional SPE, thus enabling the full function of room temperature lithium metal batteries. The all-solid-state PISE exhibits a high ionic conductivity of 3.9 × 10−4 S cm−1at 30 °C, a superior lithium-ion transference number of 0.61 and an improved oxidative stability of ∼4.8 V vs Li/Li+. Due to the ultra-stable interface generated by the superconcentrated lithium salt, the all-solid-state LiFePO4∣∣Li cells exhibit prominent high cycling stability, with high capacity retention (92%) after 300 cycles at ambient temperature. The full function of the ambient temperature PISE offers a promising pathway towards high energy density and high safety room temperature LMBs.