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The global generation of plant waste including residues from fruits, crops and vegetables, forestry and landscaping activities is significant. Plant waste generated from domestic and industrial setups is a major concern for environmental issues like methane emission, eutrophication from run offs, unpleasant odours and habitat destruction necessitate recycling and resource recovery. Nano-cellulose, a valorized plant waste product has gained attention as a renewable and sustainable material due to its strength, biocompatibility, biodegradability, improved mechanical and barrier properties, and material performance. A need to review on recycling potential of plant waste as nanocellulose to mitigate environmental concerns was felt. Systematic review of production methods and applications of plant waste nano-cellulose has been made with a focus on mechanical size reduction, chemical treatment and enzymatic procedures for degradation of cellulose to nano-forms. The advantages and drawbacks of each method are analyzed, along with a comprehensive look at nano-cellulose applications across multiple industries such as packaging, pharmaceuticals, automotives and electronics. The survey led to identifying environmental and economic impact of each method. Challenges remain in scaling up production, ensuring commercial viability and addressing environmental concerns associated with current production methods. The perusal of literature underlined the challenges related to regulatory frameworks and community efforts for mitigation of environmental footprints generated. The futuristic assumptions for plant waste derived nanocellulose highlighted need to develop advanced processing techniques and the exploration of novel applications, particularly in eco-friendly materials. By analysis of current advancement and future trends, this review underscores the value of plant waste derived nanocellulose as renewable resource for innovative sustainable materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This review paper aims to provide an up to date understanding on tooth socket healing signifying the impact of osteoimmunology, cellular and molecular events, role of nerves, growth factors, signaling pathways, oxygen, endocrine and obesity in healing and regeneration. A thorough literature search was conducted using up to date software and electronic databases including Python 3.9.7 and latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA). 70 relevant articles were included. Tooth socket healing is different from other types of bone healing. Role of osteoimmunology, macrophages, mesenchymal stem cells, growth factors, hormones and nerves in tooth socket healing have been ignored for long. These factors can result in impaired wound healing or disruption the healing process. Understanding the mechanisms involved in tooth socket healing can contribute to the development of targeted strategies for promoting optimal healing outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• All Cases treated with our infra-zygomatic gear distalizer appliance resulted in successful distalization of the maxillary first molar, reaching Class I molar relationship. • A significant amount of distalization (4.03 ± 0.62) occurred after an average duration of 6.4 months. • The rate at which maxillary first molar distalization occurred was an average of 0.61 ± 0.18 mm per month. • The maxillary first molars showed a significant intrusion of 1.37 ± 0.83 mm. • No changes in the three-dimensional position of the maxillary anterior segment had occurred throughout the trial. It is now possible to predictably distalize maxillary first molars in nongrowing patients with the infra-zygomatic gear distalizer and to improve malocclusions without having to extract the premolars and regardless of the patient's compliance. The purpose of this study was to investigate the amount and rate of distal movement of the maxillary first molars using our proposed appliance after extraction of maxillary second molars. Ten nongrowing female patients successfully treated with our proposed appliance were the subjects of this study. The amount, rate, and type of distalization, were analyzed through upper jaw cone beam computed tomography (pre- and post-treatment) and scanned casts taken on a monthly interval. The average amount of distalization of the maxillary first molars was 4.03 mm at the crown level and 2.88 mm at the root level. The rate of distalization had an average of 0.61 mm per month with a maximum of 0.79 mm in the first month because of the regional acceleratory phenomena after extracting the maxillary second molar. The maxillary first molars were distalized in a significant manner and all patients reached a Class I relation within an average duration of 6.4 months. The proposed appliance proved to be a viable noncompliance modality to distalize maxillary first molars correcting maxillary Class II malocclusions characterized by maxillary protrusion or maxillary incisor crowding. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Industria Textila is the property of Institutul National de Cercetare-Dezvoltare pentru Textile si Pielarie and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Evidence of porcine oral pathology in client-owned domestic pigs has been reported in recent literature. The most common abnormalities are missing teeth and periodontal disease. This case series reviews the diagnosis and treatment of dental disease in 8 pet Vietnamese Pot-Bellied Pigs (Sus scrofa domesticus) over a 6-year period (2015-2021). Inclusion criteria included pigs over 1 year of age that had at least 2 sequential visits involving photographs, full-mouth intraoral radiographs, and dental charting. Eight pigs were identified for study inclusion. The study population included 4 castrated males, 3 spayed females, and 1 intact female. The 8 subjects had a total of 28 visits. Fifty-five intraoral dental extractions were performed and complete healing of 44 extraction sites was observed (11 sites were lost to follow up). Canine tooth reduction was performed on 52 tusks in 7 pigs with exposure of 1 pulp that was treated by partial pulpectomy and direct pulp capping. Restoration of carious lesions was performed on 4 teeth. The most commonly extracted teeth were the right and left maxillary first molars (10 of 47 teeth). Reasons for tooth extraction included: periodontal disease, complicated crown fracture, nonvital +/− periapical pathology, and persistent deciduous teeth. Additional treatments ranged from type 1 crown lengthening with restoration of carious lesions, tusk trimming, closed and open root planing, dental extractions, ultrasonic scaling, and polishing. This article stresses the importance of routine dental healthcare and early intervention for periodontal disease in pigs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Intact extraction of the mandibular first molar tooth is an interesting model for studies of alveolar bone healing. The aim of this study was to describe a new experimental technique for extraction of rat mandibular first molar teeth with crown and all 4 roots intact using controlled forces applied to the teeth. One hundred and twenty female Sprague-Dawley rats were used from a center for experimental animal research. Animals underwent general anesthesia and were then placed in a special dental unit (designed by Moghadam) for the extraction of rat teeth. After syndesmotomy, luxation of the tooth began with a tipping movement in the buccal direction with a very low range of motion for 1 s. A tipping movement in the lingual direction was then used to continue luxation. After a maximum of 10 repetitions, the tooth was left alone for 30 s. After 3-4 stages of this cycle, the tooth loosened. To complete the luxation, the same forces were applied in the buccal and lingual directions with larger amplitude for 3 s. After this step, the tooth was loose enough to be easily extracted. The alveolus was then sutured closed. The results showed no hemorrhage or fracture of crowns and mesial or distal roots, and only 8% of the buccal and lingual roots fractured. The technique designed and used in this study was shown to be an effective model for complete molar tooth extraction in the rat. This technique could also be used in the treatment of other rodents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traction force that can be applied to an extraction rail is based on lead tensile strength, a product of its construction. A strong rail allows safe advancement of the extraction sheath. This study expands previous work providing strategies to optimize INGEVITY rail strength. The purpose of this study was to measure forces that leads encounter in a simulated extraction procedure, determine lead response, and develop extraction recommendations for INGEVITY, INGEVITY+, and FINELINE II lead families. Leads were positioned in a simulated right atrial appendage implant. Subsequent traction forces enabled evaluation of lead tensile strength and effectiveness of preparation/extraction techniques. Significant findings include (1) preserving the lead terminal pin did not decrease lead tensile strength and typically maximized it; (2) the weakest region is between the cathode and anode; (3) mid lead scar increases traction force tolerance until that scar is removed; and (4) optimal rail strength was observed using a multivenous approach with a femoral snare. Unique lead family findings include increased tensile strength of FINELINE II polyurethane vs silicone and INGEVITY active fixation vs passive fixation. This study teaches the implanting clinician there are specific extraction techniques available to improve the removal of leads that may be the best option for a patient's clinical needs. Bench testing demonstrates that lead construction drives lead behavior during an extraction. Preserving the lead terminal pin provides consistent and, in most cases, optimal rail strength. If clinically indicated, a multivenous approach using a femoral snare significantly increases rail strength and protects the vulnerable lead tip. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Leadless pacemaker systems (LPs) were developed as an alternative to traditional transvenous permanent pacemakers (TV-PPM) due to increasing rates of device and procedural related complications, leading to a high-cost burden to our health-care system. LPs were initially indicated for single-chamber ventricular pacing; however, recent developments have allowed for dual-chamber pacing too. These systems have demonstrated highly successful implant rates with stable pacing performance. This article describes the retrieval techniques of the Micra LPs and ways to mitigate challenges encountered during the retrieval process. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

For removal of the natural isobar 182W interference prior to ultra-trace 182Hf determination by accelerator mass spectrometry, an extraction chromatographic method for separation of Hf from W has been developed by using a newly synthesized tri-n-octylamine (TOA)/XAD-7 resin as the stationary phase and HCl-HF media as the mobile phase. Based on the TOA liquid-liquid extraction studies in HF and HCl-HF solutions at wide concentration range, a maximum separation factor of 8.6 × 103 for W/Hf was obtained in 8 M HCl-0.05 M HF solution. Subsequently, the macroporous organic polymer-based TOA/XAD-7 resin was prepared by vacuum impregnation technique and its morphology, chemical structure and composition were characterized by SEM, EDS, FT-IR, TG-DSC, and EA. The results showed the self-assembly TOA/XAD-7 resin uptakes about 50% of extractant and keeps intact binding characteristic for metal ions. Hence, this resin was employed to investigate the column chromatographic behavior of Hf and W with variable parameters of sample loading and column bed dimensions. As a result, a high yield of more than 99% for Hf and high decontamination factor of 3.2 × 105 for W were achieved under the optimal column condition. The strategy developed provides a simple and efficient alternative to sample preparation for 182Hf measurement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This scientific research study focuses on the advancements in Natural Language Processing (NLP) driven by large-scale parallel corpora and presents a comprehensive methodology for creating a parallel, multilingual corpus using NLP techniques and semantic technologies, with a particular focus on washing machine manuals. The study highlights the significant progress made in NLP through the utilization of large-scale parallel corpora and advanced NLP techniques. The successful creation of a parallel, multilingual corpus for washing machine manuals, coupled with the integration of semantic technologies and ontology modeling, demonstrates the broad applicability and potential of NLP in diverse domains.The research covers various aspects, including text extraction, segmentation, and the development of specialized pipelines for question-answering, translation, and text summarization tailored for washing machine manuals. Translation experiments using fine-tuned models demonstrated the feasibility of providing washing machine manuals in local languages, expanding accessibility and understanding for users worldwide. Additionally, the study explored text summarization using a powerful transformer-based model, which exhibited remarkable proficiency in generating concise and coherent summaries from complex input texts. The implementation of a question-answering pipeline showcased the effectiveness of various language models in handling question-answering tasks with high accuracy and effectiveness.Additionally, the article discusses the processes of data collection, information preparation, ontology creation, alignment strategies, and text analytics. Furthermore, the study addresses the challenges and potential future developments in this field, offering insights into the promising applications of NLP in the context of washing machine manuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An innovative ultrasonic-assisted enzymatic aqueous two-phase extraction (UAE-ATPE) method was applied to enhance the yield from Strobilanthes crispus leaves, exploring both sequential and simultaneous approaches. Comparative analysis included assessing total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), partition coefficient (k) and recovery (R). Liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy evaluated extracts from both techniques. Simultaneous UAE-ATPE demonstrated significantly higher TPC (5.7±0.1 mg GAE/g dry leaves) and TFC (3.3±0.1 mg QE/g dry leaves) compared to sequential extraction, where TPC and TFC measured 4.5±0.3 mg GAE/g dry leaves and 1.7±0.1 mg QE/g dry leaves. Additionally, simultaneous UAE-ATPE yielded higher k and R values for phenolic and flavonoid compounds. Notably, it identified 32.4% of the area corresponding to 6 compounds, surpassing the 25.3% area identified sequentially with 13 compounds. A collaborative effect of enzymatic hydrolysis and ultrasonic extraction was observed in simultaneous UAE-ATPE. In the inhibition test on the HMG-CoA reductase enzyme, simultaneous UAE-ATPE extract (200 µg/mL) exhibited exceptional results, achieving superior inhibition of 66.1% compared to the sequential method's inhibition of 39.4%. This underscores the efficacy of simultaneous UAE-ATPE in producing concentrated anti-cholesterol compounds. The study strongly emphasizes the superiority of simultaneous UAE-ATPE over the sequential approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • This review addresses the important bioactive ingredients recovered from different major crustacean's by-products. • A comprehensive application of crustacean's by-products in various fields is presented. • Nowadays, many newly developed techniques have been applied in crustacean's by-products recovery. • A combination of innovative extraction techniques with industrially applicable technologies can efficiently recover these valuable components. The processing of the three major crustaceans (shrimp, lobster, and crab) is associated with inevitable by-products, high waste disposal costs, environmental and human health issues, loss of multiple biomaterials (chitin, protein hydrolysates, lipids, astaxanthin and minerals). Nowadays, these bioresources are underutilized owing to the lack of effective and standardized technologies to convert these materials into valued industrial forms. This review aims to provide a holistic overview of the various bioactive ingredients and applications within major crustaceans by-products. This review aims to compare various extraction methods in crustaceans by-products, which will aid identify a more workable platform to minimize waste disposal and maximize its value for best valorization practices. The fully integrated applications (agriculture, food, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, paper industries, etc.) of multiple biomaterials from crustaceans by-products are presented. The pros and cons of the various extraction methods, including chemical (acid and alkali), bioprocesses (enzymatic or fermentation), physical (microwave, ultrasound, hot water and carbonic acid process), solvent (ionic liquids, deep eutectic solvents, EDTA) and electrochemistry are detailed. The rapid development of corresponding biotechnological attempts present a simple, fast, effective, clean, and controllable bioprocess for the comprehensive utilization of crustacean waste that has yet to be applied at an industrial level. One feasible way for best valorization practices is to combine innovative extraction techniques with industrially applicable technologies to efficiently recover these valuable components. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This retrospective analysis aimed to investigate the necessity of removing the wisdom tooth in cases of angle fractures of the mandible. The study retrieved 595 mandible fractures from January 2006 to December 2021 through the Hospital Inpatient Enquiry System, of which 303 involved a fracture through the angle of the mandible, including the wisdom tooth socket. Of these, 203 (66.9%) underwent open reduction and internal fixation with retention of the third molar. The authors found that only four (2%) patients returned for the removal of plates and the retained third molar during the follow-up period. Therefore, the authors concluded that wisdom teeth removal should remain an exception during open reduction and internal fixation of mandibular angle fractures unless they hinder fracture reduction, pose a potential infection risk, or interfere with occlusal stability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nigeria has the largest oil reserve in Africa and the 10th largest in the world from which the extraction of fossil fuels takes place on about 50 million hectares of public land. Hydrocarbon extraction has intensified environmental injustice by destroying aquatic resources, impairing livelihoods, violating human rights, and posing threats to public health arising from the disproportionate distribution of toxic substances and other environmental burdens associated with oil industry operations. The environmental impact assessment system constitutes the primary framework for environmental justice in the petroleum industry. Using the analytical model as methodology, and case law and relevant literature as sources of data, this study examines the weaknesses of Nigeria’s environmental impact assessment system as a modality of environmental protection. Based on the identified shortcomings in the impact assessment regime which accentuate environmental injustice, the study recommends, among others, a review of the impact assessment instrument to accord with contemporary realities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The purpose of this report was to describe an effective technique by which a fractured intranasal supernumerary tooth was pushed from the oral cavity side toward the nasal cavity. Case presentation: A 6‐year‐old female with two maxillary supernumerary median impacted teeth, including an intranasal tooth, performed teeth extraction. The surgical procedure was a collaboration operation of oral and maxillofacial surgery and otorhinolaryngology. By pushing the fractured tooth in the nasal cavity from the oral cavity toward the nasal cavity, the remaining root in her maxilla could be easily removed from the nasal cavity with an endoscope. Conclusion: Collaboration surgery of the intraoral and nasal approaches could achieve minimally invasive surgery for the removal of the remaining fractured root of intranasal teeth. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article informs about a study comparing pre- and post-treatment volumetric changes in the oral cavity proper (OCP) in orthodontic patients with and without second premolar extractions, analyzing influencing variables. Topics include the use of cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) for three-dimensional assessment, statistical analyses revealing increased OCP volume in both extraction and nonextraction groups, and factors such as gender, age, and arch length changes affecting OCP volume.

On the 16th of August 2012, thirty-four striking mineworkers were murdered by police in Marikana, South Africa during a strike against the mining company Lonmin. Could the fact that this at the time was a British-owned mining company in some ways represent a violent return of the ghosts of the late 19th century? This article details the historical connection between the financial sector in London and the mining industry in South Africa to examine the imbrications of international finance capital with imperial racism and racialized capital accumulation on the mines from the 1870s to the first World War. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the Fourth Industrial Revolution, crime is hardly reported to the Police, or other law enforcement agencies. Most victims prefer to go to Social Media and vent, as this medium is easier for them to access and requires no paperwork or interrogations. This trend leaves policy makers and the law enforcers with skewed dataset, due to unreported crimes. Hence, it is paramount that one finds a way to “mine” the crime data reported on social media. In this paper, we have attempted to estimate crime rates, using Twitter as a data source. To do this, we have used a formal technique — Jumping Finite Automata (JFA), for the abstraction of a corpus of crimerelated words and used shuffle algorithms to establish semantic relationships between these words. The JFA was implemented in a tool called “Crime-Ripper”. Crime-Ripper uses tweets retrieved from crime hashtags on Twitter to estimate crime rates and produce reports that are map annotations, showing areas of a city and their respective estimated crime-rates. CrimeRipper is expected to find applications in law enforcement, policy making and public safety sensitization. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pediatric patients with congenital heart disease present unique challenges when it comes to cardiac implantable electronic devices. Pacing strategy is often determined by patient size/weight and operator experience. Anatomic considerations, including residual shunts, anatomic obstructions and barriers, and abnormalities in the native conduction system, will affect the type of CIED implanted. Given the young age of patients, it is important to have an "eye on the future" when making pacemaker/defibrillator decisions, as one can expect several generator changes, lead revisions, and potential lead extractions during their lifetime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

During the First World War, the state of sleepers supply to the British Indian Railway Companies became critical. In this context, the Railway Board of India approached the Nepal government expressing interest in the extraction of sleepers from the sal forests in the Sarda Valley. Nepal had already been exporting and selling logs and sleepers to British Indian railway companies and gun carriage factories since the late 19th century and the outturn had started to go up in the first decade of the 20th century. However, officials of the Imperial Forest Service were not directly involved in the extraction of forest resources in Nepal until 1918. Using archival materials related to sleeper extraction and export from the Tarai forests in the 1920s and later, this study shows how forests emerged as key a site of Nepal's incorporation into the regional economic processes under the aegis of British imperialism and capital. I focus on the extraction, management, and marketing ofsleepers under the supervision of experts from British India who were trained in the science of forestry and contextualize the origin of "scientific forest management" in Nepal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document includes a research article on seed collection methods for Prinsepia utilis, a wild edible oil shrub found in the Himalayas. The study found that seeds collected directly from plant branches had better germination rates and viability compared to seeds collected from fallen fruits or fruits eaten by birds. Seeds from violet fruits showed the highest germination value and longest viability period. The study concludes that seeds from violet fruits should be preferred for longer storage, while seeds from fallen fruits and fruits eaten by birds should not be collected. Additionally, the document includes three other research articles on seed quality and germination in tomato, hybrid rice, and various common species on the eastern Tibetan Plateau. These articles provide valuable insights into the factors influencing seed quality and germination in different plant species. [Extracted from the article]

[Display omitted] Proanthocyanidin is a phenolic compound in red sorghum grains that is popular as an antioxidant agent for food, supplement, and nutraceuticals. The development of microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) of proanthocyanidins (PA) from the grains is needed to maximize its potency. The performance of MAE was evaluated to accelerate the extraction by applying different MAE's power ratings and citric acid (CA) concentrations in aquadest as a safe solvent. This research analyzed the MAE performance in various powers and CA concentrations using Peleg's and Newton's law as the model approaches. The increase of PA content during MAE was evaluated as the effect of microwave power (640 W, 720 W, and 800 W) and the CA concentration (0%, 1%, and 2%). Using Peleg's model, the initial extraction rates were stretched between 2.3 × 10-3 to 10.6 × 10-3 mg/ml.minute. The maximum capacity of each extraction ranged from 0.92 to 1.80 ml/mg. The increase of MAE power and CA concentration affected the increase of the initial extraction rate and the maximum extraction capacity. Peleg's model illustrated a more complete and precise description of the effect of MAE power and CA concentration on the extraction rate and the maximum capacity of extraction than Newton's model. Peleg's model was also more accurate than Newton's model in predicting the PA concentration during MAE, although both of them gave a good match in describing the MAE's performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

High yield and integrity of placental RNA are crucial for placental transcriptomics studies. We assessed the effects of time to placental collection post-delivery; tissue storage, amount and method used for extraction; mode of delivery; and tissue type on total RNA yield. The optimal protocol for RNA extraction from placental tissue includes cryofreezing of the sample upon collection and RNA extraction from 50 mg of tissue using TRI zol reagent. Decidua yielded highest RNA quantity/mg of tissue, followed by villous tissue and the chorion. Comparisons with murine kidney and HEK293T show lower placental RNA yield, likely due to highly dense and heterogeneous tissue make-up and potential high placental nuclease activity. • Reliable placental transcriptomics requires high quantities and integrity of RNA. • Placental tissue should be flash-frozen upon collection for optimal RNA yield. • TRIzol reagent extracted higher RNA yields than the Qiagen RNeasy Mini Kit. • Placental RNA yield is likely affected by high tissue nuclease activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The evaluation of the wear state of the hob during gear machining can effectively optimize the tool change strategy, which is of great significance to the improvement of machining efficiency. Aiming at the wet machining conditions for large gears, a method of hob wear monitoring called 'Drift Prediction of Gamma Distribution Parameter (DP-GDP)' is proposed based on time domain impulses statistical distribution. Firstly, a vibration signal model of the hob is established based on the combined action of periodic cutting force excitation and random impact excitation. The vibration parameters such as damping and stiffness are discussed. Then, the Poisson process mechanism of random collision between hob and material particles during hob cutting is taken into consideration. The relationship between hob wear stage and occurrence of impulses excited by material particles collision is modeled under over-damping condition. The gamma distribution mechanism of the time required for impulses generation is elucidated. Furthermore, a wear feature extraction method based on the statistical parameters of random impulses is proposed. The method focuses on single impulse identification and description of impulses occurrence probability distribution in time domain signal. Based on this, a prediction curve that reflects the wear state can be got for hob life degeneration assessment. Finally, a full-life test of hobs during the hob cutting process in the industrial field is completed. The data of hob whole life in different wear states are acquired. The simulation and experimental results show that the proposed method can effectively predict the whole life wear process of the hob. The extracted features can accurately map the hob wear state. Compared with traditional methods such as RMS and wavelet, the proposed method has better validity and accuracy under specific processing conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Invasive surgical procedures in the oral cavity inevitably cause trauma to the soft and hard tissues. The healing process in the oral cavity tissue occurs in a complex manner involving different types of cells, maturation process, and the time of healing. Salvadora persica (miswak) has been found to exert various positive effects on the oral cavity, including antimicrobial, anti-gingivitis, anti-cariogenic, gingival healing, and teeth whitening properties. This study aims to investigate the potential of miswak as an adjunctive therapy in promoting wound healing. 30 live Sprague-Dawley rats were used in this study. The rats' mandibular first molar tooth was extracted, and an incision wound was made on the tongue. The extraction socket and incision wound were irrigated using normal saline and different concentrations of locally processed miswak plant extracts (0.05%, 10%, and 20%) for 7 days. The rats were sacrificed for gross examination of the tooth socket and tongue healing. Both soft tissue and alveolar bone were examined microscopically. Complete closure of the incision wound was observed on all rats' tongues; miswak groups showed better wound healing than control and placebo groups in the oral mucosa overlying the alveolar bones. 0.05% and 20% miswak extracts showed prominent wound healing effects in the sagittal sections of the tongue, with moderate formation of connective tissue under the wound site and notable wound contraction. The 20% miswak extract group showed the highest percentage of healed oral mucosa on the alveolar bone and higher bone deposition at the alveolar base. A concentration of 20% miswak extract enhances the initial phase of wound healing both in oral soft and hard tissues. Miswak extract at this concentration was not toxic to the tissues and had potential therapeutic effects in oral tissue healing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Keyword extraction is one of the most important issues in text processing and analysis and provides a high-level and accurate summary of the text. Therefore, choosing the right method to extract keywords from the text is important. The aim of the present study was to compare the performance of three approaches in discovering and extracting the subject keywords of e-books using text mining and machine learning techniques. In this regard, three experimental approaches have been introduced and compared including the successive implementation of the clustering process, improving the quality of clusters in terms of semantics and enriching the stop words of a specific field, use of specialized keyword template, finally, the use of important parts of the text in discovering and extracting key words and important topics of the text. The statistical population includes 1000 e-book titles from the subject fields of library and information science based on the congress classification system. Bibliographic information of e-books was obtained from the Congress Library database, then the original text was prepared. The extraction of topic keywords and clustering of training data was performed using the non-negative matrix factorization algorithm with three experimental approaches. The quality and performance of the subject clusters resulting from the implementation of three approaches in the automatic classification of experimental data were compared using a support vector machine. The findings showed that the Hamming loss (0.020) and in other words the error rate in the correct classification of experimental texts in the third approach is far less than the other two approaches. Also, the F1 score (0.82), which is the average of the two criteria of precision (0.87) and recall (0.78) and is a reflection of the correct performance of the classification process in topic labeling of texts, is better in the third approach than the other two approaches. The results showed that the quality and semantic coherence of the subject clusters obtained from the third approach, i.e. the use of important parts of the text in discovering and extracting the subject, was better compared to other two approaches. In this approach, by focusing on the main parts of the data, which represent the main content and theme of the text, more meaningful topic clusters were obtained. In addition, the keywords obtained from the topic cluster of the third approach can be used in unspecified and unknown collections in order to extract the unknown thematic content of the whole collection. The results of third approach also was better in terms of accuracy and readability (0.79) and the rate of classification error (0.020) of texts, in comparison of other two approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rate of transvenous lead extraction (TLE) due to cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infection continues to rise. CIED infections are associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Temporary pacing in patients with active CIED infections after TLE can be challenging. Leadless pacing has emerged as an alternative approach in this patient population. The purpose of this study was to describe the outcomes of a strategy using concomitant leadless pacemaker implantation and TLE in patients with active infections and ongoing pacing requirements. This study involved all leadless pacemaker implantation procedures performed during TLE between June 2018 and September 2022 in the setting of active infection. Demographic characteristics, procedural details, and clinical outcomes were analyzed. The study included 86 patients with indications for ongoing pacing, 60 (70%) men with mean age 77.4 ± 10.5 years, who underwent TLE and concomitant leadless pacemaker implantation in the setting of active infection. There were no procedure-related complications. Sixty-five patients (76%) had evidence of bacteremia, 80% of whom were discharged to complete their antimicrobial treatment. During a median follow-up of 163 days (interquartile range 57–403 days), there were no recurrent infections. Of the 25 deaths (29%) during the study period, 22 (88%) were unrelated to the initial infection. Nine deceased patients (36%) had methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus or Candida infections, 3 of whom had persistent infection despite TLE. Leadless pacing is a safe and efficacious approach for the management of patients with pacing requirements that undergo CIED extraction in the setting of active infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] The Ultrasonic and Microwave-Assisted Hydro-Distillation (US-MAHD) method is a process combination of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) and microwave-assisted hydro-distillation (MAHD) carried out sequentially. This method aims to improve the UAE and MAHD methods in extracting citronella oil. This study evaluates the performance of US-MAHD in the extraction of citronella oil from the citronella plant. Extraction is conducted for 90 min at various solvent-plant ratios (v/m) (10:1, 12:1, 14:1), ultrasonic bath temperature (30 °C, 40 °C, 50 °C), and power of microwave oven (150 W, 300 W, 450 W). US-MAHD yields a maximum yield of citronella oil of 1.82 mg/g when extracting lemongrass plant with a combination of ultrasonic bath temperature of 30 °C, a solvent-plant ratio of 10:1, microwave power of 300 W, and time of 90 min. All quality parameters of the oil produced have met ISO 3848:1976 standard. Extraction of citronella oil using the US-MAHD method produces higher yields than the UAE and MAHD methods under the same operating conditions. The yields of citronella oil from the US-MAHD, UAE, and MAHD methods are 1.82, 0.92, and 1.48 mg/g, respectively. SEM analysis of residual lemongrass plant shows more cell wall damage which indicates more oil release from the plant matrix. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The mastoid air cell system (MACS) protects the structures in the ear and regulates air pressure in the ear cavity. MACS segmentation is very difficult because of the many overlapping object characteristics in the temporal bone. This study aims to accurately identify and measure MACS areas from CT-scan images of mastoiditis patients. The data tested consisted of 128 CT images from 13 different patients. Images were taken using the Siemens SOMATOM Perspective CT Scanner model 10662260 axially. The extended Adaptive Threshold (eAT) method was developed to produce optimal threshold values for each test image. Furthermore, the eAT results are used to convert the test image into a binary image and then applied to the identification and extraction model automatically for reconstruction from 2D to 3D images. Smaller MACS sizes indicate inflammation of the mastoid bone and require intensive care. Thus, this research can be used to help doctors make the right decisions in carrying out further medical actions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Dalian University of Technology / Dalian Ligong Daxue Xuebao is the property of Journal of Dalian University of Technology and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Red Onion skin extract and Cashew nut shell liquid has been considered as one of the best antioxidant and anti-inflammatory precursors, as it contains various polyphenols and important flavonoids. In this research, flavonoid derivatives were successfully synthesized from polar and non-polar extract of red onion skin, non-polar extract of cashew nut shell liquid and a combination of the onion skin extracts and cashew nut shell liquid. In this process, crude red onion skin extract was obtained using potassium carbonate via maceration process and acetone via soxhlet extraction. Cashew nut shell liquid was extracted using acetone via soxhlet extraction. The synthesis was carried out via the Williams ether synthesis using 1,2-dibromoethane in the presence of a base catalyst. FTIR of the products confirmed its modification. From the result, it can be concluded that the non-polar extract performed better than the polar extract. Hence for further studies, non-polar solvents should be considered for extraction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fibre of Grewia bicolor bark (GB) was extracted and used as reinforcement for the development fibreboards using orthophtalique unsaturated polyester (UP) as a matrix. Two methods of extraction of fibres were used, namely biological retting and chemical extraction by a sodium hydroxide solution at a 5% concentration. Chemical, Physical, mechanical, and thermal characteristics were determined using ATF FTIR, mechanical test and thermogravimetric analysis. The theoretical density of the characterized fibres was 1.30 g/cm3. The porosity decreases by 5% from the root to the leaves. The SEM analysis indicated the presence of fibrils coated with a rough sheath similar to a honeycomb cell structure. The use of NaOH in the extraction method removes the hemicellulose, pectin, wax, and lignin from the fibres. The average elasticity modulus of untreated and treated fibres are, respectively, E = 35.18 ± 2.25 MPa and E = 33.47 ± 2.35 MPa and internal bond of fibreboards are 0.98 ± 0.05 MPa and 1.06 ± 0.02 MPa. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sea buckthorn pomace (SBP) is produced in large amounts during the processing of berries for the production of oil and juice. Although it is rarely used, the pomace still contains valuable bioactive compounds, such as carotenoids, tocopherols and phenolic compounds. The aim of our study was to evaluate the efficiency of carotenoid extraction from SBP, using green solvents (ethyl acetate - ETA, ethyl lactate - ETL, cyclopentyl methyl ether - CPME, methyl tetrahydrofuran - MeTHF and cold pressed sunflower oil - SFL), compared with a mix of organic solvents. Moreover, two extraction methods were applied: conventional solid-liquid extraction (maceration) and ultrasound assisted extraction. Total and individual carotenoids in the extracts were determined by HPLC-PDA and the antioxidant activity by DPPH assay. The total carotenoid extracted ranged from 45.32 mg/100 g powder (ETA) to 64.31 mg/100 g powder for OS mixture, when maceration was applied. When UAE method was used, the total carotenoids ranged between 45.75-65.82 mg/100 g powder, with the highest value being obtained for CPME, closely followed by MeTHF. CPME was the most efficient in extracting zeaxanthin esters and carotenes, while ETL was the most efficient for extracting free zeaxanthin. Except for sunflower oil, for all the tested solvents UAE gave better yields than conventional solid-liquid extraction. The extracts obtained with green solvents displayed antioxidant activity and there was a positive correlation between the amount of carotenoids in the extract and the inhibition of DPPH radical. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dental Press Journal of Orthodontics is the property of Dental Press International and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

How can we cultivate an underground multispecies justice with beings whose lifeworlds are unknown and unknowable? This article examines this question through a consideration of stygofauna: miniscule deep-time creatures who make their home in the watery seams of the earth. Taking a cue from these critters—many of whom have evolved without eyes to make their way differently in the darkness of their watery subterranean homes—the article troubles the assumption that knowledge, care, and justice must be predicated on a kind of knowing that insists that humans literally bring other worlds to light. Through a specifically situated exploration of stygofaunal worlds, knowledge, and mining in Australia, the article asks, How is knowledge-as-illumination complicit with complex regimes of knowledge where knowing in the name of justice is tangled up in knowing as a further (colonial, speciesist, ableist) violence? Refusing purity politics, the article's first aim is to demonstrate our complicity with extractive knowledge regimes even in a quest to care for underground worlds. Second, the article insists that knowing otherwise is both possible and already at work. It argues that to know stygofauna otherwise, one cannot eschew science or knowledge altogether. Instead, it proposes that multispecies justice depends on two moves: first, on safeguarding a mode of unknowability that the article refers to as estrangement, and second, on recognizing and cultivating knowledge practices that can cultivate nonextractive relations with subterranean species, even if imperfectly. It concludes with a short overview of several examples of knowing otherwise that push readers to think differently about knowledge as a practice of care and justice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present study, Microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) and Soxhlet-extraction (SE) were compared for the extraction of phytochemicals from the seed powder of Daucus carota. Results showed that only 5 min of MAE gave maximum phenolics 275 mg and flavonoids 229 mg as compared to SE, which took 5 h to give its maximum. GC-MS analysis of MAE and SE revealed 15 and 11 compounds respectively; Estragole (52.55%) and linalool (39.97%) being the major component in MAE and SE-derived extract respectively. HPLC analysis showed a variety of phenolics and flavonoids in MAE as compared to SE. MAE extracts showed significantly higher antioxidant (82%) and antifungal potential (89.3%inhibition) compared to SE (54.32% and 60.7% respectively). Results suggested that MAE can rapidly extract phytochemicals from carrot seeds without affecting their biological activities. The usage of MAE in analytical labs can safely opt for rapid extraction of required phytochemicals by optimizing the parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To investigate the effect of Class II intermaxillary elastics on the functional occlusal plane (FOP) of growing patients. A total of 50 participants aged 11 to 16 years were selected from a university clinic archive >1-year after treatment and after undergoing 6 months of Class II elastic wear, taking pretreatment (T0) and posttreatment (T1) lateral cephalometric radiographs, and consenting to participate at recall (T2). Participants were divided into 3 groups according to skeletal pattern or into 2 groups according to treatment with extraction (E) or nonextraction (NE). Angular changes of FOP relative to the Sella-Nasion (SN), mandibular plane (MP), and Frankfort horizontal (FH) were compared within and between groups. A statistically significant reduction of FOP-SN/FH, but not of FOP-MP, was found from T0–T1–T2 when all patients were grouped together. FOP-SN/MP/FH was significantly the largest in the patients with a hyperdivergent skeletal pattern, but lowest in the patients with a hypodivergent skeletal pattern at T0, T1, and T2 (P <.032). FOP-MP at T0–T2 was statistically larger in group E than in group NE (P <.02). No differences were found for FOP changes (change before treatment minus after treatment and change after treatment minus 1 year after treatment) between different skeletal patterns (P >.433) and treatment groups (P >.193). Use of Class II elastics during the growth period was not found to show adverse effects on FOP rotation. Neither skeletal pattern nor treatment modality differed in the response to Class II elastics with regard to FOP changes. Individual patient growth pattern must be taken into consideration when treatment planning the use of Class II elastics. Orthodontists should take into account individual skeletal and growth patterns while using Class II elastics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to reveal the relationship between the approach of extraction and the position of the mesiodens by systematic classification. This retrospective study included patients with impacted mesiodens that required computed tomography for extraction. The direction, sagittal and axial position, eruption from the nasal floor, surrounding bone thickness, surgical approach, and anesthesia type for the impacted mesiodens were analyzed. Mesiodens were classified into three groups (V: vertical position, H: horizontal position, and D: direction), and each group was classified into three subgroups (V1, 2, 3; H1, 2, 3; D1, 2, 3). A total of 169 impacted mesiodens were included in this study. The palatal approach was the most common (151 teeth, 89.3%), followed by the labial approach (11 teeth, 6.5%) and nasal floor approach (6 teeth, 3.6%). The bone thickness from the mesiodens to the palatal surface were significantly shorter in palatal far region of nasopalatine duct (H3) than in palatal near region (H2) (P < 0.05). In vertical high position (V3), the percentage of the palatal approach in H3 (87.5%) was higher than that in H2 (71.4%). Additionally, 15 teeth erupting from the nasal floor wherein four were extracted by the nasal floor approach in H2 but only one tooth in H3. Even at higher positions, mesiodens located in the palatal far region tended to be extracted by the palatal approach because of the thin bone thickness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Coconut oil extraction involves several stages and each of these stages require different machine, therefore, the objective of this research work is to develop a low-cost integrated unit machine for the extraction of coconut oil using standard procedures. The extraction process involves the cutting mechanism with the help of the transmission belt and pulley to slice the coconut meat. The chip is heated by the heating system after which it is pressed. The coconut oil drops on the oil tray, it passes through the oil tray to the oil tank. A 5kg sized Copra was used to examine the performance of the machine. Data obtained reveal that the required heating time was 15mins with a heater band of 2000 watts at 80°C. After the heating process a compression time of 8mins was recorded, taking place in the pressing cage with a compression ratio of 0.097 for the extraction process. This integrated method employed in the extraction of coconut oil is effective in terms of quality of oil produced, low-cost, time conservation and ease of usage. Therefore, regulatory bodies and governmental agencies could invest in this machine to be used by low income/small scale business operator. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]