Search

Copyright of Journal of the Colombian Society of Psychoanalysis / Revista de la Sociedad Colombiana de Psicoanálisis is the property of Sociedad Colombiana de Psicoanalisis and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

• Incidence of the two leishmaniasis types showed different spatial patterns in Bahia. • There were few municipalities with both TL and VL cases. • The number of municipalities with VL remained almost unchanged during the period analyzed. • TL incidence was associated positively with natural forest. • VL incidence was negatively related with Cerrado (Brazilian savannah) vegetation. Tegumentary (TL) and visceral (VL) leishmaniasis are neglected zoonotic diseases in Brazil, caused by different parasites and transmitted by various vector species. This study investigated and compared spatio-temporal patterns of TL and VL from 2007 to 2020 in the state of Bahia, Brazil, and their correlations with extrinsic factors. The results showed that the total number of cases of both TL and VL were decreasing. The number of municipalities with reported cases reduced for TL over time but remained almost unchanged for VL. There were few municipalities with reported both diseases. Statistical analysis showed that local TL incidence was associated positively with natural forest. Local VL incidence was associated positively with Cerrado (Brazilian savannah) vegetation. This study identified different patterns of occurrence of VL and TL and the risk areas that could be prioritized for epidemiological surveillance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Chronic exposure to mercury chloride (HgCl 2) has been shown to promote oxidative stress and cell death in the central nervous system of adult rats displaying motor and cognitive impairments. However, there are no investigations about neurochemical function after this type of exposure in rodents that may be associated with those behavioral changes already reported. Thus, the aim of this study was to analyze glutamatergic and GABAergic dysfunctions in the motor cortex and hippocampus of adult rats, in a model of chronic exposure to HgCl 2 in. Twenty rats were exposed to a daily dose of 0.375 mg/kg for 45 days. After this period, they were submitted to motor and cognitive functions tests and euthanized to collect the motor cortex and hippocampus for measurement of mercury (Hg) levels in the parenchyma and neurochemical assays for analysis of glutamatergic and GABAergic functions. It was observed that chronic exposure to HgCl 2 promoted increase in total Hg levels in these two brain areas, with changes in glutamatergic transport, but without changes in GABAergic transport. Functionally this model of exposure caused the decrease of the spontaneous motor locomotion and in the process of learning and memory. In this way, our results provide evidences that glutamatergic neurochemical dysfunction can be pointed out as a strong causal factor of motor and cognitive deficits observed in rats exposed to this HgCl 2. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Despite the vast distribution among tissues, the central nervous system (CNS) represents the main target of methylmercury (MeHg) toxicity. However, few studies have evaluated the effects of MeHg exposure on the CNS at equivalent doses to human environmental exposure. In our study, we evaluated the motor cortex, an important area of motor control, in adult rats chronically exposed to MeHg in a concentration equivalent to those found in fish-eating populations exposed to mercury (Hg). The parameters evaluated were total Hg accumulation, oxidative stress, tissue damage, and behavioral assessment in functional actions that involved this cortical region. Our results show in exposed animals a significantly greater level of Hg in the motor cortex; increase of nitrite levels and lipid peroxidation, associated with decreased antioxidant capacity against peroxyl radicals; reduction of neuronal and astrocyte density; and poor coordination and motor learning impairment. Our data showed that chronic exposure at low doses to MeHg is capable of promoting damages to the motor cortex of adult animals, with changes in oxidative biochemistry misbalance, neurodegeneration, and motor function impairment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to describe and analyze morphological and physical properties of deciduous teeth of Sus domesticus . Ultrastructural analysis, mineral composition and microhardness of enamel and dentine tissues were performed on 10 skulls of S. domesticus . External anatomic characteristics and the internal anatomy of the teeth were also described. Data regarding microhardness and ultrastructural analysis were subjected to statistical tests. For ultrastructural analysis, we used the analysis of variance (ANOVA) with Tukey's post hoc ( p ≤ 0.05) test. In the analysis of microhardness, the difference between the enamel and dentine tissues was analyzed by a Student's t test. Values were expressed as mean with standard error. The results of ultrastructural analysis showed the presence of an enamel prism pattern. A dentinal tubule pattern was also observed, with a larger diameter in the pulp chamber and the cervical third, in comparison to middle and apical thirds. We observed an average microhardness of 259.2 kgf/mm 2 for enamel and 55.17 kgf/mm 2 for dentine. In porcine enamel and dentine, the chemical elements Ca and P showed the highest concentration. The analysis of internal anatomy revealed the presence of a simple root canal system and the occurrence of main canals in the roots. The observed features are compatible with the functional demand of these animals, following a pattern very similar to that seen in other groups of mammals, which can encourage the development of research using dental elements from the pig as a substitute for human teeth in laboratory research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to develop beverages composed of fruits and soy extract, to evaluate the microbiology, colorimetry and the effects of refrigerated storage (4 ± 2 °C) on the physicochemical parameters. Mango concentrate (50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75 and 80%) and myrtle pulp (30, 25, 20, 15, 10, 5 and 0%) were used for the preparation of seven beverage formulations composed in different proportions, added with inulin and sweetened with honey bee. All analyzes were performed after processing and physicochemical stability was determined every 4 days for 8 days. The beverages composed showed adequate microbiological quality after processing. The partial replacement of myrtle pulp by mango concentrate influenced mainly the colorimetric parameters, as well as pH, total acidity, total soluble solids and TSS/TTA ratio. The beverages with greater stability were those made with 50 and 55% mango and 30 and 25% myrtle, respectively, both with 13% soy extract. It is inferred that the development of beverage composed of fruits and soy for specific emerging audiences may be viable, and complementary analyzes and a longer storage period are recommended for more stable beverages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]