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Evaluar retrospectivamente la eficacia y la seguridad de la radiofrecuencia (RF) percutánea para el tratamiento de tumores renales en pacientes de alto riesgo o con riesgo de padecer tumores renales múltiples con un seguimiento a medio plazo a lo largo de un periodo de 10 años.

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The problem of adjusting the discharges of a free surface flow canal to meet demand by farmers at particular diversion points requires a certain ability to control the canal and also needs a study of flow transients. This article presents an algorithm for feed forward control of the free surface flow in canals based on computational techniques for optimizing problem-solving in unsteady conditions. Once the irrigation demands in a given period of time are known, this algorithm makes it possible to define the movements of all the gates in the canal so as to provide the required discharge at the required time, thereby optimizing use of the volumes of water involved. Use of the algorithm is illustrated by solving two classical canal control problems.

Background: Aggressive non-Hodgkin's lymphomas are common among patients infected with HIV. Although such lymphomas are mostly of the B-cell type, various cases of cutaneous T-cell lymphoma (CTCL) have also been reported. Recent reports suggest that some HIV-related lymphoproliferative conditions may not be clonal processes, but polyclonal lymphoid proliferations. Objective: We reviewed our experience with HIV patients seen at the dermatology clinics for possible CTCL. Methods: A retrospective study was performed to evaluate clinical, laboratory, and histologic findings of HIV-infected patients with atypical T-cell cutaneous infiltrates. Results: We observed 9 patients with advanced HIV infection and a cutaneous eruption characterized by a dense infiltrate of lymphocytes resembling mycosis fungoides histopathologically, but composed of CD8^+ cells. Although clonality was not identified in any of the 6 cases tested, 3 patients had similar CD8^+ infiltrates involving lymph nodes or bone marrow. Of the 9 patients, 8 died of AIDS wasting syndrome or infections in less than 1 year. Conclusion: Cutaneous and systemic infiltrates with polyclonal CD8 T lymphocytes can be seen in patients with advanced HIV infection and profound CD4 lymphopenia. The clinical presentation may resemble CTCL and is associated with a poor outcome. (J Am Acad Dermatol 1999;41:722-7.)

Summary Fifty-four shunt-responsive patients were selected from a prospective protocol directed to study patients with suspected normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH). Patients with gait disturbances, dementia, non-responsive L-Dopa Parkinsonism, urinary or faecal incontinence and an Evans ratio greater or equal to 0.30 on the CT scan were included in the study.

Summary Ten patients with severe spasticity were evaluated according to a standardized protocol in order to be treated by intraspinal baclofen. Entry criteria in the protocol were the following: 1) Stable central nervous system lesion, 2) Severe spasticity and/or flexo-extensor spasms not controllable by oral treatment, 3) Normal CSF circulation and 4) Informed consent. All patients received a test dose of twenty-five micrograms of baclofen injected intrathecally. At intervals of at least one day, doses were increased in 10–25 microgram steps until total abolition of spontaneous spasms was achieved in complete spinal cord lesions. In patients with residual motor function, doses were titrated until the optimal dose was found that reduced spasms and enabled performance of maximum daily life activities according to the patient's neurological level.

Background:: The lichenoid tissue reaction (LTR) is present in a variety of dermatoses. Numerous histologic variants of mycosis fungoides (MF) have also been described. Objective:: Our purpose was to analyze a subset of patients with mycosis fungoides (MF) who had a prominent LTR at the time of presentation. Methods:: Clinical and pathologic features were evaluated in 12 patients with MF and an LTR. Results:: The primary complaint was intense pruritus (in 10 of 12 patients). An accelerated course was noted in one half of the patients including four with Sezary syndrome. Four patients died: two with Sezary syndrome and two with extensive patch/plaque ME Lymphocyte atypia, prominent basal cell layer epidennotropism, and the presence of plasma cells and eosinophils may help to distinguish lichenoid MF from lichen planus. Conclusion:: A subset of patients with MF present with lichenoid changes. The pathologic features may have a striking resemblance to lichen planus. Our findings suggest that lichenoid changes in MF tend to be associated with intense pruritus and may connote a poor prognosis.

The dithionite reduction of various 2,4‐alkadienoic acids such as (I) or (III) is investigated (and compared with the related reaction under phase‐transfer conditions).

A new method for calculating the probability density function of the photon number propagating through a travelling wave optical amplifier with no restriction on its working regime (linear and nonlinear) is reported. The Letter shows that the widely used Gaussian approximation of the probability density function does not match the real statistics if the incident optical power is small.

The title reaction transforms unsaturated ketones (I) and (III) to mixtures of isomers (II) and (IV).