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Maximum voided volumes (MVV) and maximum bladder capacities (MBC) are important parameters in the evaluation of lower urinary tract functions in children. However, consistency of MVV and MBC measurements between voiding diary (VD), uroflowmetry (UF) and cystometrography (CMG) in children with non-neurogenic lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) has not been addressed specifically. We aimed to compare the MVV in VD and UF and MBC in CMG in children with non-neurogenic LUT dysfunction and investigate for possible factors for discrepancies. Children with non-neurogenic LUTD were retrospectively evaluated with a focus on VD, UF, and CMG. VD applied for 2 days and MVV recorded except for first urine in morning. UF repeated in children with <50% of expected bladder capacity (EBC) for age. Highest value and post voiding residual urine (PVR) was recorded. CMG was performed if these conditions were present: High PVR or LUT dysfunction resistant to standard urotherapy (conservative management with biofeedback) and medical therapy (oral anticholinergics) or LUT dysfunction accompanied by VUR or recurrent UTI. MBC in CMG was recorded according to International Children Continence Society (ICCS) standards. MVV and MBC in VD, UF, CMG were compared and possible factors for discrepancy were investigated. 54 children (median age: 10 (4–17) years) were included in the study. 39 (72.2%) were girls, 15 (27.8%) were boys. Median MVV was 232.50 (20–600) ml in VD, 257.50 (69–683) ml in UF and MBC was 184 (31–666) ml in CMG (p = 0.012) (Summary Table). In the subgroup analysis, it was shown that the bladder capacities obtained from all three tests were not compatible with each other in children younger than 10 years of age, in girls, in those with recurrent urinary tract infection, detrusor overactivity, high PVR and normal flow pattern (p = 0.003, p = 0.016, p = 0.029, p < 0.001, p = 0.045, p = 0.03, respectively). There is a discrepancy between bladder capacities obtained from VD, UF and CMG In children with non-neurogenic LUT dysfunction. In particular, the lower capacity obtained from invasive urodynamic tests may be related to the poor compliance of children during the procedure. Therefore, when invasive urodynamics is required in these cases, we recommend that maximum cystometric capacity to be evaluated by comparing with voided volumes at UF, VD and other clinical signs and symptoms, and urodynamic parameters in more detail. MVV in VD and UF are comparable, but MBC in CMG is lower in children with non-neurogenic LUTD selected for invasive urodynamic studies. More attention should be paid to bladder capacity obtained from urodynamic studies in children exhibiting the characteristics identified in the subgroup analysis. We believe that evaluating bladder capacity values, especially obtained from invasive studies, in conjunction with clinical findings can prevent misdiagnosis, over investigation and overtreatment in children with non-neurogenic LUTD. Summary table Comparison of bladder capacities of voiding diary, uroflowmetry and cystometrography in whole group Summary table VD UF CMG P value∗ P value CMG vs UF∗∗ CMG vs VD∗∗ UF vs VD∗∗ MVV or MBC (ml) 232.50 257.50 184 0.012 0.012 0.130 1.000 (Median (Min-Max)) (20–600) (69–683) (31–666) MVV or MBC/EBC (%) 89.10 81.15 68.25 0.012 (Median (Min-Max)) (7.4–181) (29–229) (14.8–157.1) (MVV: maximum voiding volume, MBC: maximum bladder capacity, EBC: expected bladder capacity according to age VD: voiding diary, UF: uroflowmetry, CMG: cystometrography). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to examine the relationships between the screen time of children with special needs and of their parents with their home participation, occupational performance, and parent-child relationships according to sex and diagnosis. Parents of 150 children with special needs (age range, 4 to 6 years) such as autism spectrum disorder, cerebral palsy, and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, as well as undiagnosed and developmentally risky children, were included. The Demographic Information Form, Screen Time Usage Form, Parent-Child Relationship Scale, Participation and Environment Measure for Children and Youth, and Short Child Occupational Profile were used for the data collection. There was a significant relationship between the screen time of girls and their parent-child relationships, home participation, and occupational performance. Moreover, we detected a relationship between the screen time of children with autism spectrum disorder and positive parent-child relationships, home participation, and occupational performance. Therapists should account for screen time in their interventions associated with parent-child relationships, home participation, and occupational performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Opinion target extraction is one of the core tasks in sentiment analysis on text data. In recent years, dependency parser-based approaches have been commonly studied for opinion target extraction. However, dependency parsers are limited by language and grammatical constraints. Therefore, in this work, a sequential pattern-based rule mining model, which does not have such constraints, is proposed for cross-domain opinion target extraction from product reviews in unknown domains. Thus, knowing the domain of reviews while extracting opinion targets becomes no longer a requirement. The proposed model also reveals the difference between the concepts of opinion target and aspect, which are commonly confused in the literature. The model consists of two stages. In the first stage, the aspects of reviews are extracted from the target domain using the rules automatically generated from source domains. The aspects are also transferred from the source domains to a target domain. Moreover, aspect pruning is applied to further improve the performance of aspect extraction. In the second stage, the opinion target is extracted among the aspects extracted at the former stage using the rules automatically generated for opinion target extraction. The proposed model was evaluated on several benchmark datasets in different domains and compared against the literature. The experimental results revealed that the opinion targets of the reviews in unknown domains can be extracted with higher accuracy than those of the previous works. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Land suitability classification is a useful management practice to ensure planned and sustainable use of agricultural lands according to their potentials. The main purposes of this study were to analyze land suitability for bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) cultivation and generate a land suitability map for wheat by integrating the analytical hierarchy (AHP)-fuzzy algorithm with the Geographical Information System (GIS) in the Tozanlı sub-basin located in the upper part of Yeşilırmak Basin, Turkey. Topographic (elevation, slope, aspect) characteristics of the basin and some of physical and chemical properties of soils (texture, pH, electrical conductivity, lime, organic matter, and soil depth) were used as criteria in determining the suitability classes. Ninety-two disturbed soil samples were collected from 0 to 20 cm depth in October 2017 using random sampling method. Weighted overlay spatial analysis in GIS was used to combine different thematic layers to identify areas suitable for wheat production. The fuzzy-AHP suitability assessment model was adapted to determine the weights for topographic and soil properties. The highest specific weights were obtained for soil depth (0.232) and elevation (0.218), while the lowest weight was calculated for aspect (0.042). Highly, moderately, and marginally suitable lands for wheat cultivation cover 2.63, 9.85 and 32.59% of the study area, respectively. In addition, the results indicated that 54.92% of the total area is permanently unsuitable for wheat cultivation. The results revealed that integration of AHP-fuzzy algorithm and GIS techniques is a useful method for accurate evaluation of land suitability in planning for specific crop production and decreasing the negative environmental impacts of agricultural practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to determine the effect of grape seed tannin extract (GSTE) in the doses of 0, 25, 50, 75 g/kg dry matter (DM) feed on in vitro gas production (GP), volatile fatty acid (VFA) production and the digestibilities of true dry matter (TDMD) and neutral detergent fiber (NDFD) of alfalfa hay and barley grain. The supplementation of diets with 25 g/kg DM GSTE did not affect (p>0.05) potential gas production, TDMD, NDFD and ruminal total VFA of cultures compared with the diet without GSTE. Compared with the diet without GSTE, the addition of GSTE at > 50 g/kg DM to alfalfa hay diets or at 75 g/kg DM to barley grain diets reduced (p<0.01) potential gas production, TDMD, total VFA. Diet and GSTE had significant interactions (p<0.05) in total VFA and potential gas production. It was concluded that the effects of GSTE on in vitro ruminal fermentation were dose-dependent in both diet, but its effects on in vitro ruminal fermentation were more pronounced with alfalfa digestion than with barley grain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, the effects of the sowing rate, seed drop height, and forward speed on distribution uniformity of chickpea seed were tested by using vacuum single-seed planter. In the experiments were used a single-seed metering unit and a sticky belt, designed to the laboratory. The experiments carried out at seed drop heights of 100, 200, and 300 mm, forward speeds of 0.5, 1.0, and 1.5 ms-1 and sowing rates of 42, 63, and 126 kg ha-1. According to the results, the effects of seed drop height and forward speed on deviation from the row and performance of planter were significant (P<0.01). The performance of the planter was sufficient for all of the other parameters except the 42 kg ha-1 sowing rate. The increase of seed drop height and forward speed, the deviation from row increased by 232% and 247%, respectively. According to the point where the seed should be dropped in the intra-row spacing, the highest mean deviation rates from the target point occurred in the forward speed of 1.5 ms-1 and the seed drop height of 300 mm, as 22.2% and 14.2%, respectively. The greatest values of quality of feed index were determined at the 0.5 m s-1 forward speed, 100 mm seed drop height, and 42 and 63 kg ha-1 sowing rates, and these values were greater than 90%. Consequently, the chickpea seeds, which are intended to be sown in narrower seed spacings by vacuum single-seed planters were understood that the sowing rate cannot be increased as much as desired. In addition, it is recommended that the height at which the seed is released from the single-seed unit and the tractor forward speed are not increased as desired. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Natural mushrooms are one of the important elements of the ecosystem. It has been preferred by people from past to present because of its nutritional and medicinal potentials. In this study, antioxidant, oxidant and antimicrobial potential of Trametes hirsuta (Wulfen) Lloyd has been determined. In addition, phenolic compounds in its fruiting body have been scanned. The antioxidant and oxidant potential was determined using Rel Assay kits. Antimicrobial potential was determined using the agar dilution method. Phenolic contents were scanned on the HPLC device. As a result of the studies, the presence of different levels of Gallic acid, Catechin, 4-Hy-droxybenzoic acid and Epicatechin were observed in T. hirsuta. TAS value of T. hirsuta was determined 3.466±0.148 mmol/L, TOS value was 13.482±0.234 umol/L and OSI value was 0.390±0.018. Antimicro-bial activity of T. hirsuta was found to be effective at 100, 200 and 400 jj.g/mL concentrations. As a result of the studies, it has been determined that T. hirsuta has antioxidant and antimicrobial potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Nefrologia is the property of Revista Nefrologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Nefrologia is the property of Revista Nefrologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The electrocardiogram (ECG) signal basically corresponds to the electrical activity of the heart. In the literature, the ECG signal has been analyzed and utilized for various purposes, such as measuring the heart rate, examining the rhythm of heartbeats, diagnosing heart abnormalities, emotion recognition and biometric identification. ECG analysis (depending on the type of the analysis) can contain several steps, such as preprocessing, feature extraction, feature selection, feature transformation and classification. Performing each step is crucial for the sake of the related analysis. In addition, the employed success measures and appropriate constitution of the ECG signal database play important roles in the analysis as well. In this work, the literature on ECG analysis, mostly from the last decade, is comprehensively reviewed based on all of the major aspects mentioned above. Each step in ECG analysis is briefly described, and the related studies are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Konuralp Medical Journal / Konuralp Tip Dergisi is the property of Duzce University Medical School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this research is to investigate the situational variables and performance indicators that significantly affect the match outcome (win, loss or draw) based on the quality of opposition. The data consisted of the situational variables and performance indicators of the matches in the English Premier League for the 2017–2018 season. One-way ANOVA, Tukey HSD, k-means clustering and decision tree approaches were implemented in the analyses. Scoring first was found as the most influential on match outcome in each decision tree, while the effects of clearances, shots, shots on target, possession percentage and match location on the match outcome varied according to the quality of opponent. An average of 2.43, 0.53 and 0.97 goals were scored by the teams that won, lost and drawn, respectively and teams that scored first won 67% of the matches. The decision trees based on the quality of opponent correctly predicted 67.9, 73.9 and 78.4% of the results in the games played against balanced, stronger and weaker opponents, respectively, while in all games (regardless of the quality of opponent) this rate is only 64.8%, implying the importance of considering the quality of opponent in the analyses. Coaches and managers can use these findings to create targets for players and teams during training and matches, and also can be prepared for these different competitive scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The soils of Sulaimania Governorate have been used to meet food demand of people in northern Iraq. Longstanding wars and strict trade restrictions have caused farmers of the region facing difficulties in sustaining the agricultural production. Although soils have been subjected to agricultural production practices and are susceptible to degradation, reliable information on soils of the region is not available. This study has been carried out to characterize some physical and chemical soil properties and to determine the spatial structure of soil properties in a 100- ha agricultural field of Halabja at Sulaimania governorate, Iraq. The study area was divided into 100 × 100 m grid squares, and 100 soil samples were collected from the corners of each grid representative of the surface (0-20 cm) horizons. In addition, a total of 16 soil samples was taken along four transects with sampling intervals of 5, 10, 40 and 50 m. The measured properties were: clay, sand, silt, calcium carbonate and organic matter contents, exchangeable cations (Na, K, Ca, and Mg), micronutrients (Fe, Zn, Cu and Mn) and plant available phosphorus (P) concentrations, pH and electrical conductivity. The data were analyzed using classic statistics and geostatistics by constructing semivariograms and mapping by ordinary kriging. Semivariograms were calculated for soil characteristics and their spatial distributions were mapped. Soils were poor in available P and Zn contents. Soil organic matter showed significant positive correlations with EC, P concentration, clay content, extractable Ca and Na concentrations whereas the correlation was negative with sand content and Zn concentration. Nugget/sill ratio for modelled variables indicated high and moderate spatial dependences. The range of spatial dependence varied from 102 m (calcium carbonate) to 1248 m (pH). The distribution maps of soil attributes could be utilized as a guide for site-specific crop management in similar soils. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Highlights • Our study reveals that our study population with MS had decreased heart rate variability compared to healthy controls. • There is no significant association between cardiac autonomic impairment and number of attack, EDSS or MSFC test in patients with MS. • There is no significant relationship between findings on cranial, cervical and thoracic spinal MRI and the HRV analysis in patients with MS. Abstract Background Multiple sclerosis can cause cardiovascular autonomic dysfunction. It is assumed that is caused by multiple demyelinating plaques localized in the brain stem and spinal cord. Previous studies have determined this using tilt table test, heart rate responses to Valsalva maneuver and deep breathing and heart rate variability analysis with 24 h Holter monitoring. However there is not a consensus regarding the presence of the relationship between autonomic dysfunction and severity of multiple sclerosis, type of multiple sclerosis and expanded disability status scale. The aim of the study is comparison of heart rate variability between recently diagnosed patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and healthy controls by using 24 h Holter monitoring. Also we intended to investigate relationship between Expanded Disability Status Scale score, Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite scores and cranial and spinal magnetic resonance imaging findings and hearth rate variability. Method Fifty-one patients with newly diagnosed relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis and 44 age- and sex-matched healthy controls were compared in this study. Patients with multiple sclerosis, who were already under immunomodulatory or immunosuppressive treatment, were excluded from the study. Echocardiography and hearth rate variability analysis using 24 h period Holter monitoring were performed in all of the subjects. Echocardiography was used to detect the presence of cardiac pathology. One multiple sclerosis patient with right ventricular dilatation and mobile intratrial septum was excluded from the study. All the patients underwent cranial and cervical spinal magnetic resonance imaging to determine the relationship between autonomic abnormalities and magnetic resonance imaging. Results Our results showed that hearth rate variability values were significantly lower in patients with multiple sclerosis when compared with healthy controls: SDNN index (the mean of all the 5 min standard deviations of normal RR intervals during the 24 h period) (59.80 ± 17.33 vs. 67.20 ± 21.28, p = 0,044), the root-mean-square successive difference (rMSSD) (34.40 ± 17.50 vs. 38.25 ± 12.95, p = 0,042), spectral hearth rat variability total power (3738.84 ± 2085.51 vs. 4427.44 ± 1965.71, p = 0,037), spectral hearth rate variability low frequency (852.03 ± 450.54 vs. 1011.75 ± 370.06, p = 0,018). Ten patients (20%) had brainstem lesion, 25 patients (50%) had cervical lesions and 10 patients (20%) had thoracic spinal lesions on magnetic resonance imaging. There was no significant relationship between location of the lesions and heart rate variability analyses. Also there was no significant relationship between hearth rate variability values and Expanded Disability Status Scale score, Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite scores or number of multiple sclerosis attack (p > 0,05). Conclusion These findings reveals that our study population with multiple sclerosis had decreased heart rate variability compared to healthy controls. This was reflected by dysfunction of both parasympathetic and sympathetic parameters of hearth rate variability analysis. However, there is no significant relationship between hearth rate variability analysis and the findings on cranial, cervical, thoracic spinal magnetic resonance imaging findings, number of attack, Expanded Disability Status Scale score or Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite scores in patients with multiple sclerosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Resumo Objetivo Neste estudo avaliamos a eficácia de intubações por meio de guia introdutor Bougie e máscara laríngea em intubação endotraqueal de pacientes com trauma cervical simulado. Método Foram incluídos no estudo 134 pacientes. Colar cervical foi colocado em todos os pacientes para um trauma cervical simulado. Os pacientes foram alocados aleatoriamente em três grupos: Grupo NI ( n = 45) foi submetido à intubação com laringoscópio Macintosh; Grupo ITE ( n = 45) foi submetido à intubação com guia introdutor de tubo endotraqueal e Grupo ML ( n = 44) foi submetido à intubação com máscara laríngea. Número de tentativas de intubação, sucesso de intubação, tempo de visualização completa da laringe, tempo de intubação, escore de desempenho do usuário, alterações hemodinâmicas e complicações observadas foram registrados. Resultados O sucesso da intubação na primeira tentativa foi maior no Grupo ITE e menor no grupo ML. Ainda em relação ao sucesso da intubação, as taxas de sucesso foram 95,6%, 84,4% e 65,9% nos grupos ITE, NI e ML, respectivamente. Os tempos de visualização da laringe e de intubação foram menores nos grupos NI e ITE do que no Grupo ML. Essa diferença foi estatisticamente significativa ( p < 0,05), enquanto não houve diferença significativa entre os Grupos NI e ITE. O número de pacientes com bom desempenho na intubação foi significativamente maior no grupo ITE, enquanto o número de pacientes com mau desempenho na intubação foi significativamente maior no grupo ML ( p < 0,05). Conclusões Concluímos que o ITE, que é barato e facilmente acessível, deve ser uma opção vantajosa em pacientes com trauma cervical, tanto pela facilidade de intubação quanto devido à taxa de morbidade e mortalidade dos pacientes. Purpose In this study, we evaluated the effectiveness of intubations by way of “Gum Elastic Bougie” and “Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway” in endotracheal intubation of patients with simulated cervical trauma. Method 134 patients were included in the study. All patients were placed cervical collar for a simulated cervical trauma. Patients were allocated randomly into three groups: Group NI ( n = 45) intubation with Macintosh laryngoscopy, Group GEB ( n = 45) intubation with Gum Elastic Bougie, and Group ILMA ( n = 44) intubation with Intubating Laryngeal Mask Airway. The number of intubation attempts, success of intubation, duration of complete visualization of the larynx, duration of intubation, user's performance score, hemodynamic changes and the observed complications were recorded. Results Success of intubation in the first attempt was highest in Group GEB while it was lowest in Group ILMA. Regarding the intubation success, rates of successful intubation were 95.6%, 84.4% and 65.9% in Groups GEB, NI, and ILMA, respectively. Durations of visualization of larynx and intubation were shorter in Groups NI and GEB than in Group ILMA. This difference was statistically significant ( p < 0.05) while there was no significant difference between Groups NI and GEB. The number of patients with “good” intubation performance was significantly higher in Group GEB while the number of patients with “poor” intubation performance was significantly higher in Group ILMA ( p < 0.05). Conclusions We conclude that GEB, which is cheap and easily accessible, should be an advantageous choice in cervical trauma patients for both the easeness of intubation and patient morbidity and mortality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the impact of several feature extraction and feature selection approaches on filtering of short message service (SMS) spam messages in two different languages, namely Turkish and English. The entire feature set of filtering framework consists of the features originated from the bag-of-words (BoW) model along with the ensemble of structural features (SF) specific to spam problem. The distinctive BoW features are identified using information theoretic feature selection methods. Various combinations of the BoW and SF are then fed into widely used pattern classification algorithms to classify SMS messages. The filtering framework is evaluated on both Turkish and English SMS message datasets. For this purpose, as part of the study, the first publicly available Turkish SMS message collection is constituted as well. Comprehensive experimental analysis on the respective datasets revealed that the combinations of BoW and SFs, rather than BoW features alone, provide better classification performance on both datasets. Effectiveness of the utilized feature selection methods however slightly differs in each language. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The success of revision total knee arthroplasty depends on adequate exposure that does not produce complications. The purpose of this study was to compare the results of revision total knee arthroplasty between V-Y quadricepsplasty (QP) and quadriceps snip (QS) approaches.Methods: In the study, 92 knees with follow-up of 12-108 months which were operated by using QP (55) and QS (37) were evaluated retrospectively. Measurements were taken by using universal transparent goniometer, also varus valgus deformities, knee flexion angles, instability, Hospital for Special Surgery and Lower Extremity Functional Scale scores, functional condition of the knee and activity levels of the patients were evaluated cross-sectionally.Results: Statistically significant difference was not found regarding extensor restriction, varus or valgus deformities, knee flexion angles, flexor and extensor muscular strength, Hospital for Special Surgery and Lower Extremity Functional Scale score (P > .05).Conclusion: QP is a preferable method which allows a wider arthrotomy for stiff knees and revision knee surgery, and provides larger access to the joint. Choosing this incision does not bring disadvantage in terms of extensor mechanism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]