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The mechanical joint surface plays an important role in transmitting motion, load and energy during the normal operation of the mechanical system. Effective mechanical joint equivalent models are established to solve the practical problem of the dynamic model engineering. Equivalent models of joint surface in this study include spring damping method, virtual material method and Bond connection method. Firstly, the model is established by CATIA. Secondly, the physical properties of the model are assigned by ANSYS or Abaqus finite element simulation software. Then the modal analysis of the model carries out. By comparing the mode shapes and natural frequencies of the three methods, it is concluded that the mode shapes of the three methods are basically the same. Therefore, all three methods are reliable joint surface equivalent models. However, the natural frequency obtained by the virtual material method is significantly lower than the natural frequencies obtained by the other two methods. It is concluded by analysis that the natural frequency error obtained by the virtual material method is small, and the spring damping method and the finite element method have large errors.