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Data collected by inertial profilers on new asphalt pavements in Colorado in 2012 were used to analyze the effectiveness of the localized roughness specification in Colorado. For the analyzed projects, data were collected before any corrections were made as well as after diamond grinding had been performed to remove areas of localized roughness. The data indicated that localized roughness features having a half-car roughness index (HRI) lower than 175 in./mi were rarely addressed during correction. However, about half the localized roughness features that had an HRI of 175 to 200 in./mi were successfully addressed during correction. Localized roughness features having an HRI greater than 200 in./mi appeared to be successfully addressed during correction. The analysis indicated a significant difference in the localized roughness locations identified by AASHTO R 54 and the Colorado Department of Transportation (DOT) method of detecting localized roughness. The Colorado DOT procedure specifies a minimum length for a roughness feature that is to be corrected, but AASHTO R 54 does not. This paper shows that collecting accurate profile data and analyzing the data to determine localized roughness locations are not enough. The identified locations must be correctly marked on the pavement in the field so that the feature does not cause localized roughness. This paper presents a procedure not only for collecting accurate data but also for accurately marking the roughness features in the field. It is shown that it is possible to locate and correct localized roughness accurately to the current thresholds as set by AASHTO R 54.

Data collected by inertial profilers on new asphalt pavements in Colorado in 2012 were used to analyze the effectiveness of the localized roughness specification in Colorado. For the analyzed projects, data were collected before any corrections were made as well as after diamond grinding had been performed to remove areas of localized roughness. The data indicated that localized roughness features having a half-car roughness index (HRI) lower than 175 in./mi were rarely addressed during correction. However, about half the localized roughness features that had an HRI of 175 to 200 in./mi were successfully addressed during correction. Localized roughness features having an HRI greater than 200 in./mi appeared to be successfully addressed during correction. The analysis indicated a significant difference in the localized roughness locations identified by AASHTO R 54 and the Colorado Department of Transportation (DOT) method of detecting localized roughness. The Colorado DOT procedure specifies a minimum length for a roughness feature that is to be corrected, but AASHTO R 54 does not. This paper shows that collecting accurate profile data and analyzing the data to determine localized roughness locations are not enough. The identified locations must be correctly marked on the pavement in the field so that the feature does not cause localized roughness. This paper presents a procedure not only for collecting accurate data but also for accurately marking the roughness features in the field. It is shown that it is possible to locate and correct localized roughness accurately to the current thresholds as set by AASHTO R 54.

An interview with photographer Craig Smith about taking pictures of physical evidence from crime scenes is presented. He says that his first concerns centered on avoiding to turn the work into some diatribe about gun control. He shares his views on whether photography is an appropriate medium to address issues of violence. Smith notes the difficulty in making a comment about the ideas surrounding violence in culture to some people who work with it every day.

The article features photographers Tina Modotti and Edward Weston, who have familiarized themselves with Mexican art. Both artists have embraced the spirit of Mexican nationalism in their works. Although the two photographers are known to work hand in hand, their different beliefs on socio-political life are the result of their chasm. Modotti's interest in photography was influenced by Weston, whom she considers as an excellent teacher.

In common with most recent investigators, we assume that olivine in the upper mantle goes through a phase change to spinel. Spinel at higher pressures breaks down to a post-spinel phase, possibly a mixture of the oxides, periclase and stishovite. We have constructed melting curves of olivine, spinel and periclase and assume that these are the highest melting phases at the various depths in the mantle. Thus, melting curves of these three phases represent the upper limit of the liquidus of the mantle. The solidus of the mantle at low pressures is at a temperature approximately 900° below the liquidus. We have attempted to evaluate the effect of pressure on eutectic minima and thus construct the solidus of the mantle. Our estimated temperature of beginning of melting at the core mantle boundary is circa 3600°. We suggest that most of the mantle at depths greater than a few hundred kilometers is close to or at its solidus temperature and that this temperature controls the temperature of the core of the earth and thus regulates the size of the inner core of the earth. We also note that our estimated temperature gradient of the earth lies very close to the adiabatic gradient for most of the deeper parts of the mantle and thus convection in the mantle is probably restricted to the relatively shallow upper portions of the mantle.

Indoor environmental parameters especially the air temperature have substantial effect on energy consumption in commercial buildings and indoor thermal comfort. This study presents a tuning approach of dynamic control strategy of temperature set-point with a view to improving occupants' thermal comfort while simultaneously minimizing energy consumption. To determine optimum temperature set-points in response to ambient conditions, this study investigates the thermal comfort conditions of a commercial building based on real time series data. To quantify thermal environmental conditions for human occupancy, this study uses the graphical comfort zone method proposed by ASHRAE Standard 55-2017 through a rigorous analysis. Based on this analysis the study narrows down the comfort range in the context of seasonal variations and proposes tuning the Master Temperature Set-Points (MTSP) with 4.8degC variable linear band between upper and lower temperatures dependent on a simple algorithm. This re-setting strategy of temperature set-point ultimately offers extended lower and upper boundary limit for variable linear band. Extension of linear band for MTSP reduces the gap between temperature set-point and outdoor temperature which ultimately offers less heating and cooling energy consumption. Results show that implementation of this proposed approach would lead to monthly 2707.94 kWh energy savings either from heating or cooling or both during winter and summer season.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in April 2010 issue including "Iran's Foreign Legion Takes on America," by Michael Ledeen, "Calamity at Desert One," by Rudy Wright, and "On GONZO Station."

Letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including one about the new music release by Joanna Newsom in issue 273, another on the "Gdansk Queen," DVD in issue 274 and one about the band the Melvins in issue 274.

Several letters to the editor in response to articles and topics published in previous issues are presented, which include one article by Britt Brown and Phil Freeman on social media, another article on the recording "Coming Apart" by Body/Head as well as a review of the music release "I Am the Center: Private Press New Age Music in America 1950-1990."

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues including Göttsching's accusations against LCD Soundsystem, Alan Licht's review of "Faking It: The Quest For Authenticity in Popular Music," by Hugh Barker and Yuval Taylor, and short comment on Michel Faber's Epiphany on Budapest, Hungary and Hungarians.

Several letters to the editor are presented in response to articles in previous issues, including an article about the music release "Epiphany," by Tom Perchard, a profile of John Fahey Primer and the review of the "Kyrgyz" disc in Soundcheck.