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Abstract: An improved ant colony optimization algorithm is presented, which aims at the drawback of ant colony optimization algorithm in solving Set Partition Problem of discrete elements. In each iteration of the algorithm, the influence of larger element to set partition was eliminated by pre-processing firstly, and then subsets of the set are constructed reasonably according to the dynamic capacity of monitoring standards and the process of post-processing algorithm. The result of experiment indicate that this algorithm has better efficiency and lower time and space complexity than particle swarm optimization algorithm and genetic algorithm. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Summary: Purpose: This study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of anterior corpus callosotomy with a keyhole approach on refractory seizures and to evaluate this procedure for drop attacks (DAs) and generalized tonic–clonic seizures (GTCSs). Methods: All refractory seizure patients underwent anterior corpus callosotomy (n =31) without other epilepsy surgery. Seizure response and procedure complications were evaluated. Results: Seizure types included GTCS (n =26), and atonic or tonic seizures with DA (n =9). In GTCS patients, 84.6% had ≥50% decrease in seizure frequency, and 61.5% had ≥80% reduction. In DA patients, 77.8% had ≥50% decrease in seizure frequency, and 55.6% had ≥80% reduction. There were no statistically significant differences between the groups in final efficacy. Overall complication rate for corpus callosotomy was 12.9%, the permanent complication rate was 3.2%. Conclusions: Anterior corpus callosotomy with a keyhole approach produces highly favorable outcomes for both GTCS and atonic or tonic seizures with a low risk for complications. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]